英文地質(zhì)報(bào)告難解詞匯

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上英文地質(zhì)報(bào)告難解詞匯Alluvial:沖積the product of sedimentary processes in rivers, resulting in the deposition of alluvium (soil deposited by a river). Auriferous:含金的a substance that contains gold. Beneficiation:選礦the process of adding value to gold products by transforming gold bullion into fabricat

2、ed gold products. Brown fields project:褐色地帶項(xiàng)目（有已知礦產(chǎn)資源具有開發(fā)潛力的礦區(qū)）a potential mining site with known mineral resources. Call option:購(gòu)買選擇權(quán)a contract that permits the owner to purchase an asset at a specified price on or before a specified date. Capital expenditure:支出費(fèi)用the expenditure on mining assets to

3、 both maintain and expand operations. Cash cost:直接費(fèi)用a measure of the average cost of producing an ounce of gold, calculated by dividing the total cash working costs in a period by the total gold production over the same period. Working costs represent total operating costs less certain administrativ

4、e expenses, royalties and depreciation. In determining the cash cost of different elements of the operations, production overheads are allocated pro rata. Channel width:通道寬度（可開采礦床總厚度，包括夾石，但不包括礦床外廢石）the total thickness of the entire reef unit to be mined, including internal waste, but excluding exter

5、nal waste. Contained ounces:載金量（礦石在選礦提煉之前的金含量）gold ounces from which neither extraction, dilution nor processing recovery losses have been deducted. Cut-off grade:邊界品位the cut-off grade is determined using the companys Optimizer computer programmed which requires the following as input: the database

6、of measured and indicated resource blocks (per shaft section); an assumed gold price which, for this ore reserve statement, was taken as R115 000/kg; planned production rates. Depletion:貧化（因?yàn)檫x礦或提煉要求使得礦床中礦石量減少）the decrease in quantity of ore in a deposit or property resulting from extraction or produ

7、ction. Development:開發(fā)Activities (including shaft sinking and on-reef and off-reef tunneling) required preparing for mining and maintaining a planned production level and those costs to enable the conversion of mineralized material to reserves. Exploration:勘探activities associated with ascertaining th

8、e existence, location, extent or quality of mineralised material, including economic and technical evaluations of mineralised material. Faulting:斷層作用the process of fracturing that produces a displacement of rock. Footwall:下盤the underlying side of a fault, ore body or stope. Forward contract:期貨合同an a

9、greement for the sale and purchase of an asset at a specified future date at a fixed price. Forward currency sale contract:遠(yuǎn)期外匯買賣合約an agreement for the sale of a specific quantity of one currency for another currency at a specified future date at a fixed exchange rate. Forward purchase:預(yù)購(gòu)an agreemen

10、t for the purchase of a commodity at a specified future date at a fixed price. Forward sale:預(yù)售the sale of a commodity for delivery at a specified future date and price. Gold assets:黃金資產(chǎn)the after-tax net asset value of the companys gold assets including gold exploration properties and hedging gains o

11、r leases. Gold reserves:黃金儲(chǔ)備the gold contained within proven and probable reserves on the basis of recoverable material (reported as mill delivered tonnes and head grade). Grade:品位the average amount contained in a tonne of gold, leaving ore expressed in grams per tonne of ore. Greenfield:有資源潛力的地區(qū)a p

12、otential mining site of unknown quality. Hangingwall:上盤the overlying side of a fault, orebody or stope. Head grade:冶煉入選品位（選場(chǎng)入選品位為feed grade）the grade of the ore as delivered to the metallurgical plant. In situ:原位in place, i.e. within unbroken rock or still in the ground. Life-of-mine:礦山壽命（開采年限）the n

13、umber of years that an operation is planning to mine and treat ore, taken from the current mine plan. IRR:內(nèi)部收益率internal rate of return, the investment appraisal that takes the time value of money fully into account. Level:中段the workings or tunnels of an underground mine that are on the same horizont

14、al plane. Marked-to-market:按市場(chǎng)價(jià)結(jié)算the current fair value of a derivative based on current market prices or to calculate the current fair value of a derivative based on current market prices, as the case may be. Measures:數(shù)量單位conversion factors from metric units to U.S. units are provided below. Metall

15、urgical plant:冶煉廠a processing plant used to treat ore and extract the contained gold. Metallurgy:冶金in the context of mining, the science of extracting metals from ores and preparing them for sale. Mill delivered tonnes:選礦噸（礦石運(yùn)往冶煉廠時(shí)礦石數(shù)量單位）a quantity, expressed in tons, of ore delivered to the metallu

16、rgical plant. Milling/mill:選礦the comminution of the ore, although the term has come to cover the broad range of machinery inside the treatment plant where the gold is separated from the ore. Mine Recovery Factor (MRF):礦石回收率the Mine Recovery Factor (MRF) which is equivalent to the Mine Call Factor (M

17、CF) multiplied by the Plant Recovery Factor (PRF); and planned cash operating costs (rand per tonne). Rand per tonne cash operating costs are historically based but take cognisance of distinct changes in the cost environment such as restructuring, rightsizing, and other cost reduction initiatives, a

18、nd for below infrastructure ounces, a capex estimate. Mineable:可采的that portion of a mineralised deposit for which extraction is technically and economically feasible. Mineral resource:礦產(chǎn)資源A mineral resource is a concentration or occurrence of material of economic interest in or on the earths crust i

19、n such form, quality and quantity that there are reasonable and realistic prospects for eventual economic extraction. The location, quantity, grade, continuity and other geological characteristics of a mineral resource are known, estimated from specific geological evidence and knowledge, or interpre

20、ted from a well-constrained and portrayed geological model. Mineral resources are subdivided, in order of increasing geological confidence, into inferred, indicated and measured categories. The mineral resources are inclusive of those resources which have been modified to produce ore reserves. Miner

21、alisation:礦化the presence of a target mineral in a mass of host rock. Mineralised material:礦石礦物a mineralised body that has been delineated by appropriately spaced drilling and/or underground sampling to support a sufficient tonnage and average grade of metals to warrant further exploration. Such a de

22、posit does not qualify as a reserve until a comprehensive evaluation based upon unit cost, grade, recoveries, and other material factors conclude legal and economic feasibility. NPV:凈現(xiàn)值net present value. Open-pit/Opencast/open cut:露采mining in which the ore is extracted from a pit. The geometry of th

23、e pit may vary with the characteristics of the orebody. Ore:礦石a mixture of mineralised material from which at least one of the contained minerals can be mined and processed at an economic profit. Ore grade:礦石品位the average amount of gold contained in a tonne of gold bearing ore expressed in ounces pe

24、r tonne. Ore reserve:礦石儲(chǔ)量that part of mineralised material which at the time of the reserve determination could be economically and legally extracted or produced. Ore reserves are reported as general indicators of the life of mineralised materials. Changes in reserves generally reflect: Grades of or

25、e actually processed may be different from stated reserve grades because of geological variation in different areas mined, mining dilution, losses in processing and other factors. Recovery rates vary with the metallurgical characteristics and grade of ore processed. Neither reserves nor projections

26、of future operations should be interpreted as assurances of the economic life of mineralised material nor of the profitability of future operations. Orebody:礦體a well defined mass of mineralised material of sufficient mineral content to make extraction economically viable. Overburden tonnes:剝離噸數(shù)（開采礦石

27、所需要?jiǎng)冸x的上覆層）tonnes that need to be removed to access an ore deposit. Pay limit:支付限額the breakeven grade at which the orebody can be mined without profit or loss, calculated using the forecast gold price, working costs and recovery factors. Price to earnings ratio:市盈率the current share price divided by a

28、djusted earnings per share. Probable reserves:可能儲(chǔ)量reserves for which quantity and grade and/or quality are computed from information similar to that used for proven reserves, but the sites for inspection, sampling, and measurement are farther apart or are otherwise less adequately spaced. The degree

29、 of assurance, although lower than that for proven reserves, is high enough to assume continuity between points of observation. Prospect:前景區(qū)an area of land with insufficient data available on the mineralisation to determine if it is economically recoverable, but warranting further investigation. Pro

30、specting licence:探礦許可證an area for which permission to explore has been granted. Proven reserves:證實(shí)儲(chǔ)量reserves for which: (a) quantity is computed from dimensions revealed in outcrops, trenches, workings or drill holes; grade and/quality are computed from the results of detailed sampling; and (b) the

31、sites for inspection, sampling and measurement are spaced so closely and the geologic character so well defined that size, shape, depth and mineral content of reserves are well established. Put option:出售選擇權(quán)a contract that enables the owner to sell an asset at a specified price on or before a specifi

32、ed date. Put purchase:購(gòu)買權(quán)a right, but not an obligation, of a party, purchased at a specified cost, to sell a specific quantity of a commodity at a specified future date at a fixed price. Recovery grade:回收品位the actual grade of ore realised after the mining and treatment process. Reef: 金礦沉積基準(zhǔn)線a gold-

33、bearing sedimentary horizon, normally a conglomerate band, that may contain economic levels of gold. Refining:精煉the final stage of metal production in which impurities are removed from the molten metal by introducing air and fluxes. The impurities are removed as gases or slag. Rehabilitation:復(fù)原the p

34、rocess of restoring mined land to a condition approximating its original state. Sampling:采樣taking small pieces of rock at intervals along exposed mineralisation for assay (to determine the mineral content). Shaft:豎井a(chǎn) shaft provides principal access to the underground workings for transporting person

35、nel, equipment, supplies, ore and waste. A shaft is also used for ventilation and as an auxiliary exit. It is equipped with a surface hoist system that lowers and raises conveyances for men, materials and ore in the shaft. A shaft generally has more than one conveyancing compartment. Spot price:現(xiàn)貨價(jià)格the current price of a metal for immediate delivery. Stope:回采the underground excavation within the orebody where the main gold production takes place. Stripping:剝離the process of removing overburden t