動(dòng)詞ing形式的用法及練習(xí)題(歸納整理,含答案)

1、2021/3/91動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞inging形式的用法形式的用法2021/3/921. ing 分詞的構(gòu)成分詞的構(gòu)成主動(dòng)形式主動(dòng)形式被動(dòng)形式被動(dòng)形式一般式一般式doingbeing done完成式完成式having done having been done否定式否定式: not+ -ing/not having(been) done不是不是 having not (been) done2021/3/932. 一般式和完成式的用法一般式和完成式的用法-ing 分詞的一般式表示和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示分詞的一般式表示和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作的動(dòng)作同時(shí)同時(shí)進(jìn)行的一個(gè)動(dòng)作；完成式表示進(jìn)行的一個(gè)動(dòng)作；完成式表示先于先

2、于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作之前的一個(gè)動(dòng)作。如：謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作之前的一個(gè)動(dòng)作。如： Walking along the street, he caught sightof an old friend of his. Not having studied his lessons very hard,he failed the examinations.2021/3/943. -ing分詞的被動(dòng)式分詞的被動(dòng)式 當(dāng)當(dāng)ing 分詞與它的邏輯主語(yǔ)構(gòu)成被分詞與它的邏輯主語(yǔ)構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系時(shí)，需要用被動(dòng)形式。根據(jù)動(dòng)關(guān)系時(shí)，需要用被動(dòng)形式。根據(jù)ing分詞動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間，分詞動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間，ing分詞的被動(dòng)分詞的被動(dòng)式分為一般被動(dòng)

3、式式分為一般被動(dòng)式(being done)和完成被和完成被動(dòng)式動(dòng)式(having been done), 如：如：The question being discussed is very important. Having been praised by the teacher, he works even harder.2021/3/95 4. -ing分詞的句法功能分詞的句法功能 -ing 分詞作主語(yǔ)分詞作主語(yǔ) Learning English has become a part of his life. It is no use trying to repair the ship. Th

4、ese holes are much too big.2) -ing分詞作賓語(yǔ)分詞作賓語(yǔ) 以下動(dòng)詞必須跟以下動(dòng)詞必須跟-ing分詞作賓語(yǔ)：分詞作賓語(yǔ)：admit/appreciate/avoid/consider/delay/deny/dislike/enjoy/excuse/finish/image/keep/mind/ miss/postpone/put off/practise/risk/stand/ stop/ suggest/ give up/cannot help2021/3/96避免避免 錯(cuò)過(guò)錯(cuò)過(guò) 少延期少延期 avoid miss put off/ postpone建議建議 完

5、成完成 多練習(xí)多練習(xí) suggest finish practise喜歡喜歡 想像想像 禁不住禁不住 enjoy imagine cant help承認(rèn)承認(rèn) 否定否定 與嫉妒與嫉妒 admit deny envy逃避逃避 冒險(xiǎn)冒險(xiǎn) 莫原諒莫原諒 escape risk excuse忍受忍受 保持保持 不介意不介意 stand keep mindMake them easier for you to remember !Make them easier for you to remember !英語(yǔ)中某些及物動(dòng)詞后習(xí)慣跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，這類(lèi)動(dòng)詞英語(yǔ)中某些及物動(dòng)詞后習(xí)慣跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，這類(lèi)動(dòng)詞是是：

6、advise, delay, appreciate, consider, be worth, feel like etc.2021/3/97 to do sth. doing sth.forgetrememberregretmeango onstop try忘記忘記去做去做某事某事忘記忘記已經(jīng)做過(guò)已經(jīng)做過(guò)某事某事記住記住去做去做某事某事記住記住曾做過(guò)曾做過(guò)某事某事遺憾遺憾去做去做某事某事后悔后悔做過(guò)做過(guò)某事某事打算打算/想做某事想做某事意味著做某事意味著做某事（做完某事）接著去（做完某事）接著去做另一件事做另一件事繼續(xù)做同一件事繼續(xù)做同一件事努力去做某事努力去做某事試著做某事試著做某事停下來(lái)去

7、做另一件事停下來(lái)去做另一件事停止做一件事停止做一件事2021/3/983）-ing 分詞作表語(yǔ)。如：分詞作表語(yǔ)。如： Our job is playing all kinds of music. The music they are playing sounds so exciting. 注：一般來(lái)講，注：一般來(lái)講，-ing分詞作表語(yǔ)有兩種情況，分詞作表語(yǔ)有兩種情況，一是名詞性，這時(shí)主語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)可以互換。即：一是名詞性，這時(shí)主語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)可以互換。即：Playing all kinds of music is our job.二是形容詞性，表示主語(yǔ)的性質(zhì)和特征，二是形容詞性，表示主語(yǔ)的性質(zhì)和特征，主

8、表不可互換。主表不可互換。 2021/3/994） -ing分詞作定語(yǔ)可以表示分詞作定語(yǔ)可以表示 (1) 所修飾名詞的用途。如：所修飾名詞的用途。如： a waiting room(=a room for waiting) 候車(chē)室候車(chē)室 a walking stick(=a stick for walking) 手杖手杖 a sleeping car (= a car for sleeping) 臥車(chē)臥車(chē) （2）所修飾詞的性質(zhì)特征。如：）所修飾詞的性質(zhì)特征。如： exciting news 令人激動(dòng)的消息令人激動(dòng)的消息 a moving story 一個(gè)令人感動(dòng)的故事一個(gè)令人感動(dòng)的故事 202

9、1/3/910注：分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)須放在所修飾詞之后，注：分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)須放在所修飾詞之后，例例如如：the man standing at the gate=the man who is standing at the gate 另外，另外，-ing分詞的完成式不能作定語(yǔ)。例如分詞的完成式不能作定語(yǔ)。例如 不可以說(shuō)：不可以說(shuō)：The man having written manybooks is a former student of our school.應(yīng)改為應(yīng)改為T(mén)he man who has written many books is(3)所修飾名詞正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，可以換成定語(yǔ)所修飾名

10、詞正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，可以換成定語(yǔ)從句形式。如：從句形式。如： a sleeping child (=a child who is sleeping) 正睡覺(jué)的孩子正睡覺(jué)的孩子 a walking man (= a man who is walking) 正散步的男人正散步的男人2021/3/911 5) 在在see,hear,feel,watch,notice等感官動(dòng)詞后等感官動(dòng)詞后可以用可以用-ing形式做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。這時(shí)形式做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。這時(shí)-ing 形式形式和句子的賓語(yǔ)之間存在著邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，和句子的賓語(yǔ)之間存在著邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，并且并且-ing 形式表示賓語(yǔ)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。如：形式

11、表示賓語(yǔ)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。如： He saw a boy climbing the tree. Do you hear someone knocking at the door? 有人敲門(mén)你聽(tīng)見(jiàn)了嗎有人敲門(mén)你聽(tīng)見(jiàn)了嗎?2021/3/912區(qū)別區(qū)別see sb. doing sth 是指是指”看見(jiàn)某人正在做某事看見(jiàn)某人正在做某事”，不是全，不是全過(guò)程，表正在進(jìn)行過(guò)程，表正在進(jìn)行 see sb. do sth 是指是指”看見(jiàn)某人做過(guò)某事看見(jiàn)某人做過(guò)某事”是看著事情的是看著事情的發(fā)生全過(guò)程，發(fā)生全過(guò)程， 是看見(jiàn)某人做某事是看見(jiàn)某人做某事例句例句I saw her clean the classroom

12、. 是說(shuō)我看到她打掃教室了。（強(qiáng)調(diào)做過(guò)這件事）是說(shuō)我看到她打掃教室了。（強(qiáng)調(diào)做過(guò)這件事） I saw her cleaning the classroom. 我看到她正在掃打教室（強(qiáng)調(diào)正在做某事）我看到她正在掃打教室（強(qiáng)調(diào)正在做某事）2021/3/9136)-ing分詞作狀語(yǔ)分詞作狀語(yǔ) (1)-ing分詞在句中可以作分詞在句中可以作伴隨狀語(yǔ)伴隨狀語(yǔ)，常放于，常放于句后，表示主語(yǔ)正在進(jìn)行的另一個(gè)動(dòng)作，來(lái)對(duì)句后，表示主語(yǔ)正在進(jìn)行的另一個(gè)動(dòng)作，來(lái)對(duì)謂語(yǔ)表示的主要?jiǎng)幼骷右孕揎椈蜃髦饕阋r。謂語(yǔ)表示的主要?jiǎng)幼骷右孕揎椈蜃髦饕阋r。如：如： They sat in front of the buildin

13、g, laughing and chatting. He worked late yesterday, preparing for the lecture. (2)-ing分詞可以作分詞可以作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，常放在句首，常放在句首，如：如： (When)Walking in the street,I caught sight of a tailors shop. 2021/3/914(3)-ing分詞可以作分詞可以作原因狀語(yǔ)原因狀語(yǔ)，常放句首。，常放句首。 如：如： Being ill, he cant go to school. Not knowing her address, we co

14、uldnt get in touch with her. Having lived in the city for many years, he knows it very well.(After )Finishing my work, I went out.Having told us a funny story, the teacher went onto explain the text to us2021/3/915(4)-ing分詞可以作分詞可以作條件狀語(yǔ)條件狀語(yǔ)，常放句首。，常放句首。 Turning to the right, youll find the post office

15、 there.(5)-ing分詞可以作分詞可以作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)，常放句末。，常放句末。 He turned off the light, seeing nothing.2021/3/9165. -ing分詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)分詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)物主代詞物主代詞/人稱(chēng)代詞人稱(chēng)代詞/名詞所屬格或普通名詞名詞所屬格或普通名詞+ing分詞分詞(1) 作主語(yǔ)（須用作主語(yǔ)（須用物主代詞物主代詞或或名詞所屬格名詞所屬格）His/Toms not being chosen made us disappointed.(2)作賓語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)(除了物主代詞和名詞所有格，也可用除了物主代詞和名詞所有格，也可用普普通名詞或代詞賓格通名

16、詞或代詞賓格） He was awakened by someones knockingat the door. They have never forgiven us going there. We dont mind him explaining it again. My friend cant understand your treating himlike that.2021/3/917(3)作狀語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ) （須用普通名詞或主格代詞須用普通名詞或主格代詞,亦稱(chēng)亦稱(chēng)獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)）Time permitting, well deal with the text.The boy w

17、as playing with a ball, his mother standing nearby.2021/3/9181）獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的邏輯主語(yǔ)與句子的主語(yǔ)不同，它獨(dú)立存在。）獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的邏輯主語(yǔ)與句子的主語(yǔ)不同，它獨(dú)立存在。2）名詞或代詞與后面的分詞，形容詞，副詞，不定）名詞或代詞與后面的分詞，形容詞，副詞，不定 式，介詞式，介詞等是主謂關(guān)系或動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。等是主謂關(guān)系或動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。3）獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)一般有逗號(hào)與主句分開(kāi)。）獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)一般有逗號(hào)與主句分開(kāi)。The test finished, we began our holiday.= When the test was finished,

18、 we began our holiday.The meeting gone over, everyone tired to go home earlier.獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)可在其前加上介詞獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)可在其前加上介詞 with/without。Without a word more spoken, she left the meeting room.The boy was walking, with his father following.2021/3/919Miss Smith entered the classroom, book in hand.Miss Smith entered th

19、e classroom, with a book in her hand.在在“名詞（或代詞）名詞（或代詞）+介詞短語(yǔ)介詞短語(yǔ)”構(gòu)成的構(gòu)成的獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)中，一般不用形容詞性物主獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)中，一般不用形容詞性物主代詞和冠詞。代詞和冠詞。2021/3/920Not far from the school there was a garden, _ owner seated in it playing chess with his little grandson every afternoon.A. its B. whose C. which D. that【分析分析】此題很容易誤選此題很容易誤選

20、B，漢子你一不小心就會(huì)認(rèn)，漢子你一不小心就會(huì)認(rèn)為它是定語(yǔ)從句，為它是定語(yǔ)從句，whose 在定語(yǔ)從句中用作定語(yǔ)修飾在定語(yǔ)從句中用作定語(yǔ)修飾其后的名詞其后的名詞owner。但它卻不是一個(gè)句子，因?yàn)闆](méi)有。但它卻不是一個(gè)句子，因?yàn)闆](méi)有謂語(yǔ)。謂語(yǔ)。seat 用作動(dòng)詞時(shí)，它總是及物的，其后要么接用作動(dòng)詞時(shí)，它總是及物的，其后要么接賓語(yǔ)，要么它就用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，所以若在賓語(yǔ)，要么它就用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，所以若在 seated 前加前加上助動(dòng)詞上助動(dòng)詞is，則可以選擇，則可以選擇B。所以選。所以選A。2021/3/921(1) He wrote a lot of novels, many of _ translat

21、ed into foreign languages.A. it B. them C.which D. that(2) He wrote a lot of novels, many of _ were translated into foreign languages.A. it B. them C. which D. that第第(1)應(yīng)選應(yīng)選B，因?yàn)榫渲械模驗(yàn)榫渲械?translated 是過(guò)去分詞是過(guò)去分詞若選若選C，則該從句無(wú)謂語(yǔ)；，則該從句無(wú)謂語(yǔ)；第第(2)應(yīng)選應(yīng)選C，該句是典型的定語(yǔ)從句，因?yàn)樵摼?，該句是典型的定語(yǔ)從句，因?yàn)樵摼湫揎椀氖乔懊娴男揎椀氖乔懊娴膎ovels，即指物，所以

22、只能用，即指物，所以只能用which做做of的賓語(yǔ)的賓語(yǔ) . 請(qǐng)記住定語(yǔ)從句有逗號(hào)請(qǐng)記住定語(yǔ)從句有逗號(hào),不用不用that !2021/3/922(3) He wrote a lot of novels, and many of _ were translated into foreign languages.A. it B. them C. which D. that【分析分析】此題與上面的第此題與上面的第(2)題不同，兩句間題不同，兩句間多了一個(gè)并列連詞多了一個(gè)并列連詞and，說(shuō)明這是一個(gè)并列，說(shuō)明這是一個(gè)并列句，故應(yīng)選句，故應(yīng)選B，則不能選，則不能選C。2021/3/923There I

23、met several people, two of _ being foreigners.A. which B. them C. whom D. that(2) There I met several people, two of _ were foreigners. A. Which B. whom C. who D. that(3) There I met several people, and two of _ were foreigners. A. which B. them C. whom D. that(4)There _ nothing more to do , Mr.Good

24、man left for home. A. Was B. being C. to be D. had being（獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)）（獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)）（非限制性定語(yǔ)從句）（非限制性定語(yǔ)從句）（兩個(gè)句子）（兩個(gè)句子）（獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)）（獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)）B2021/3/924 _ more attention, the tree could have grown better A. Given B.To give C. Giving D. Having given2._ a reply, he decided to write again. A. Not receiving B. Receiving not

25、 C. Not having received D. Having not received3.The secretary worked late into the night, _ a long speech for the president. A. to prepare B. preparing C. prepared D was preparingBACto prepare表目的意思上并不錯(cuò)但通表目的意思上并不錯(cuò)但通常不用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)常不用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)2021/3/9255. The visiting Minister expressed his satisfaction with his t

26、alks, _ that he had enjoyed his stay here. A. having added B. to add C. adding D. addedC2021/3/9266.“ Cant you read?” Mary said _ to the notice. A. angrily pointing B. and pointed angrily C. angrily pointed D. and angrily pointing8. The computer center, _ last year, is very popular among the student

27、s in this school. A. open B. opening C. having opened D. opened9. The first textbooks_ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century. A. having written B. to be written C. being written D. written ADD2021/3/92711. Do you know the boy _ under the big tree ? A.lay B. lain C.

28、laying D. lying12. There was a terrible noise _ the sudden burst of light. A. followed B. following C. to be followed D. being followed 13. - Good morning, can I help you ? - Id like to have this package_ , madam. A. be weighed B. to be weighed C. to weigh D. weighed14. The speaker raised his voice

29、but still couldnt make himself _. A. hear B. to hear C. hearing D. heard DDDB2021/3/92815. The missing boys were last seen _ near the river. A. playing B. to be playing C. play D. to play16. The salesman scolded the girl caught _ and let her off. A. to have stolen B. to be stealing C. to steal D. st

30、ealing A 別人看到時(shí)正在玩耍別人看到時(shí)正在玩耍,而非全過(guò)程而非全過(guò)程D補(bǔ)充完補(bǔ)充完girl的定語(yǔ)從句：的定語(yǔ)從句：who is caught stealing其中其中who is 可以省略可以省略 也可以加上。也可以加上。be caught doing sth是固定句型。意思是某人被撞者是固定句型。意思是某人被撞者做某事做某事 ，放到句中，就是被抓到偷東西。，放到句中，就是被抓到偷東西。2021/3/92917. The murderer was brought in, with his hands _ behind his back. A. being tied B. having

31、tied C. to be tied D. tied19. She set out soon after dark _ home an hour later.arriving B. to arrive C.having arrived D.and arrivedDD2021/3/93020. John was made _ the truck for a week as a punishment. A. to wash B. washing C. wash D. to be washing21. Cleaning women in big cities usually get _ by the

32、 hour. A. pay B. paying C. paid D. to pay22. Mr. Smith warned her daughter _ after drinking. A. never to drive B. to never drive C. never driving D. ever driveCAAwarn sb. (not) to do sth.警告某人（不要）干某事警告某人（不要）干某事warn sb. about /of sth.提醒、警告某人注意某事提醒、警告某人注意某事make sb. dobe made to do2021/3/93125. European

33、 football is played in 80 countries, _ it the most popular sport in the world. A. making B. makes C. made D. to make26. She pretended _ me when I passed by. A. not to see B. not seeing C. to not see D. having not seen27. Rather than _ on a crowded bus, he always prefers _ a bicycle. A. ride, ride B.

34、 riding , ride C. ride, to ride D. to ride, riding AAC2021/3/93228. Little Jim should love _ to the theatre this morning. A. to be taken B. to take C. being taken D. takingshoud love to 等于等于woud like to,后邊跟動(dòng)詞后邊跟動(dòng)詞原形原形,Jim 是被帶進(jìn)劇院的是被帶進(jìn)劇院的,用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài).所以選所以選A .2021/3/93329. I would love _ to the party l

35、ast night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report. A. to go B. to have gone C. going D. having gone31. Tom kept quiet about the accident _ lose his job. A. so not as to B. so as not to C. so as to not D. not so as toBB2021/3/93433. - The light in the office is still on. - Oh, I forgot _. A.

36、 turning it off B. turn it off C. to turn it off D. having turned it off34. I can hardly image Peter _ across the Atlantic Ocean in five days. A. sail B. to sail C. sailing D. to have sailedCC2021/3/93535.I would appreciate _ back this afternoon. A. you to call B. you call C. your calling D. youre c

37、alling37. _ is a good form of exercise for both young and old. A. The walk B. Walking C. To walk D. Walk38.- I must apologize for _ ahead of time. - Thats all right. A. letting you not know B. not letting you know C. letting you know not D. letting not you knowCBB2021/3/93642. You were brave enough

38、to raise objections at the meeting. - Well , now I regret _ that. A. to do B. to be doing C. done D. having done 43. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him _. A. not to B. not to do C. not do it D. do not toDAB 這是一個(gè)省略式的回答，用這是一個(gè)省略式的回答，用to來(lái)表示動(dòng)詞的省略。來(lái)表示動(dòng)詞的省略。若選若選A，必須是完

39、整的，必須是完整的，not to do that . 因?yàn)橐驗(yàn)閐o是及物是及物動(dòng)詞。例如：動(dòng)詞。例如：Would you like to go with me? Id like to.2021/3/93744. The patient was warned _ oily food after the operation. A. to eat not B. eating not C. not to eat D. not eating45. _ in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him. A. Losing B. Having l

40、ost C. Lost D. To lost46. Robert is said _ abroad, but I dont know what country he studied. A. to have studied B. to study C. to be studying D. to have been studyingCCABe lost in sth 是沉醉、沉迷、迷失于。是沉醉、沉迷、迷失于。studied.2021/3/93848. When I got back home I saw a message pinned to the door_ “ Sorry to miss

41、you; will call later.” read B. reads C. to read D. reading49.The sentence wants_ once more. A. explained B. explaining C. being explained D. to explainDBwant doing=want to be done.need require 都可以用主動(dòng)的形式表示被動(dòng)都可以用主動(dòng)的形式表示被動(dòng)如如 The trees need watering = The trees need to be watered.2021/3/93951. _ from so

42、 many apple, I think, these on the table are much better than the others. A. Having chosen B. Chosen C. Being chosen D. Choose52. Her skirt has become loose. She seems _ weight. A. to lose B. that she has lost C. to have lost D. to be losing53. The highway _ to the city is under repair now. A. leads B. led C. to lead D. leadingBCD2021/3/94054. Did _ on time make the teacher angry? A. she not come B. sh