實(shí)驗(yàn)一Linux操作系統(tǒng)基礎(chǔ)

1、實(shí)驗(yàn)一 Linux操作系統(tǒng)基礎(chǔ)實(shí)驗(yàn)一1 實(shí)驗(yàn)名稱(chēng)：Linux 操作系統(tǒng)基礎(chǔ)2 實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)繕?biāo)2.1 掌握安裝Linux 操作系統(tǒng)的方法。2.2 掌握 Linux 操作系統(tǒng)的基本配置。2.3 了解GNOME面環(huán)境。2.4 靈活掌握基本shell 命令的使用。3 實(shí)驗(yàn)準(zhǔn)備3.1 下載VMwareWorkstation虛擬機(jī)軟件（版本不限）3.2 準(zhǔn)備Linux 操作系統(tǒng)的安裝源（內(nèi)核版本和發(fā)行版本均不限）。注： 實(shí)驗(yàn)準(zhǔn)備、實(shí)驗(yàn)內(nèi)容4.1 和 4.2 作為回家作業(yè)布置，同學(xué)們利用課余時(shí)間完成。4 實(shí)驗(yàn)要求、步驟及結(jié)果4.1 安裝虛擬機(jī)軟件?！静僮饕蟆堪惭bVMware Workstation 虛擬機(jī)軟件，

2、版本不限，并填寫(xiě)以下內(nèi)容。4.1.1 安裝 VMwareWorkstation 虛擬機(jī)軟件的環(huán)境（操操作系統(tǒng)課內(nèi)實(shí)驗(yàn)一：Linux操作系統(tǒng)基礎(chǔ)()B ()學(xué)號(hào):姓名:作系統(tǒng)）在看有關(guān)計(jì)算機(jī)的岳本信息5 / 30牛的.時(shí)G扇酗AtifMndims |fc序Windows工口專(zhuān)如生C ZOi7M-zrowftCorpwt-o 尾閾筆的手，WindowslO.SM4t?T?B己守 內(nèi)挈RAW:手咤中之：可句眸.tri機(jī)名:HU機(jī)工占計(jì)及網(wǎng)施出工三史I田：R：，一口r+：1l,r | j7 -67 JDK tPJ J.iJGHz 26c GHh-fi.o GB WSGB 可合拉I匚fS昨否后：基于xB

3、4也建書(shū)Q有可用于立曼寧器對(duì)!1旺詈?jiǎn)ESXTM-FPGMKFDsnoF-fpawrWOKUljFOUPwid&wc mWHkIdwg 已E j9W Mioauift iKHVUrR產(chǎn):WIO XBW-MWMdMXbAAMO4.1.2VMware Workstation 虛擬機(jī)版本號(hào)4.2 安裝Linux操作系統(tǒng)【操作要求】在VMware虛擬機(jī)下安裝Linux操作系統(tǒng),版本不限，并填寫(xiě)以下內(nèi)容。4.2.1 Linux 發(fā)行版本：Red Hat Enterprise Linux Seruer 7.2 (Maipo)4.2.2 Linux 內(nèi)核版本:操作系統(tǒng)課內(nèi)實(shí)驗(yàn)一：Linux操作系統(tǒng)基礎(chǔ)()

4、B ()學(xué)號(hào):姓名:Kerne1 3.10.0-3Z7.cl?,xC6_64 an an x86_644.2.3 Linux操作系統(tǒng)的主要配置參數(shù) i造i內(nèi)存 口處理器Q&岱兇）CD/DVD （SATA） 國(guó)網(wǎng)絡(luò)適配器 S USB控制器 小聲卡 ，打印機(jī)，顯示器2 GB20 GB自動(dòng)檢測(cè)橋接模式 （ 自動(dòng)）自動(dòng)檢測(cè)自動(dòng)檢測(cè)4.3 了解Linux操作系統(tǒng)的桌面環(huán)境之一 GNOME【操作要求1】打開(kāi)圖形化用戶(hù)界面、查看桌面圖標(biāo),查看主菜單，查看個(gè)人用戶(hù)主目錄等使用環(huán)境。rootrooteSM152095S lit st義斗舊痛16直看妙應(yīng)置舊帶助時(shí)5死*carerDesktopanaccnda k

5、scfg器好GNOMEinstall, ogsyslog舊注箱“30型掛起慟巾燈）4項(xiàng)國(guó)余朝：13GB【操作要求2】啟動(dòng)字符終端2, 了解命令提示行含義。Alt+F2+CtrlrootSM-152fi55S用戶(hù)名旗機(jī)名 目錄名提示符【操作要求3】注銷(xiāo)字符終端2IrooWSM-1520953 ”tl exit【操作要求4】關(guān)閉圖形化用戶(hù)界面，關(guān)閉 Linux操作系統(tǒng)。4.4 掌握基本shell命令的使用。注：以下需要截取shell命令與結(jié)果，沒(méi)有結(jié)果截到下6 / 30操作系統(tǒng)課內(nèi)實(shí)驗(yàn)一：Linux操作系統(tǒng)基礎(chǔ)()B () 學(xué)號(hào)：姓名：一命令提示行?！静僮饕?】用超級(jí)用戶(hù)登陸；將主機(jī)名改為具有個(gè)

6、 人學(xué)號(hào)后3位特征的名稱(chēng)，退出虛擬終端后重新登錄； 查看當(dāng)前目錄的絕對(duì)路徑?！静僮鞑襟E-登陸】oca 1 hostrootPassword:Last login： Fri Oct 6 07:44:44 on ttyl raotfi local hot Jlt【操作步驟-修改主機(jī)名】LootG local host -Jtt h&rt 旭 me SM*1SZ0959 mail? local host【操作步驟-查看結(jié)果】Lro&tOSI1-lSZ0959 F pudLrooteSH-15Z0959 lit【操作要求2】查看Is命令的手冊(cè)頁(yè)幫助信息；了解其中-d選項(xiàng)的作用，并舉例說(shuō)明?！静僮鞑襟E】

7、root0St1-15Z0955 Itl man Is9 / 30操作系統(tǒng)課內(nèi)實(shí)驗(yàn)一：Linux操作系統(tǒng)基礎(chǔ)()B ()學(xué)號(hào):姓名:【主要顯示結(jié)果1-ls命令-d選項(xiàng)】At -directorylist dircclurica Ihcoufclvci not their caiilcnts【舉例及顯示結(jié)果】pootesri-1520959 lit Is -d /home/homerootesn-isze？s? w【觀察顯示結(jié)果（解釋?zhuān)繉⒛夸浵裎募粯语@示，而不是顯示其下的文件?！静僮饕?】查看當(dāng)前目錄的詳細(xì)信息；查看當(dāng)前目錄中文件和（子）目錄信息?！静僮鞑襟E1及顯示結(jié)果】EraoteSM-

8、1520358 川 Is -dldr-xr-x. 4 root root 469& Sep Z6 26-47. raDtP8M-lS20559【操作步驟2及顯示結(jié)果】rooteSM-1529959 1# Is -1 total 4-rw. 1 root root Z?7 Sep 21 13:18 fti)aconda-ks .cfgrootGSI1-15Z0359 tt【操作要求4】顯示/bin/目錄中所有的首字母不是 at的文件和（子）目錄【操作步驟及顯示結(jié)果】I .IF，” 一 八IMzhin/us：hhfirl Ain|izb l ivkjtfim re - uA 1 ocJk-f us

9、e/EMd.-用喻I/hzbln/users八 L ivunw re-scf er 1噸*/b 1 ikzjdf - Leu-ffcjisuiifoe/bikb1i rt/LriZlfiGlVLriQt xbinzidniWF/hlnzzjliff/blivunlqzbln/u-SewzMivuyetzbiTLmsItjiroc：心Kgirep/bhkf 1 il 喇i/falln/Vllizb I rk/Uhi t 如/blidf |rrp/ b n 訓(xùn) KharexblM/lHlJrF/biiMJiere 依biiv)s./blivEf&rce產(chǎn) khmxsbl 力/wf Mtuitafz

10、bLivitlcJizb iTvofflbat產(chǎn) khGiHlp產(chǎn) bdlDZlLIEk/h 皿 Uhl y 如 J1/b i ikKwip/b Injuns I.prfx41獻(xiàn)5sliitztttfkMiObliva4ecblilpDloak/ bLe-cg Ik- luodu j 的小 i-guesttw 1zb L iizMUt j64-rsilhd t-l huix-flcc產(chǎn) bhkEpdlif L4t- ddluLKiuejfcd n/ynwmtu ItyTvc 1 加tz b Lriti6 _uiivry y jpvif _110 i Iry/b 1 me4 11MApt S4

11、1巾5Mli EO VpCUK 1八bliwranre產(chǎn) b Liiuf-lgriibber小i 11/5MA /日-tiOD 1 bDX-mlzt L nkKd -desktop - icciibzblivyeis/bhywbhl-Ubsb diWllMK：LrglfiSh 1SZW59 Fbln/ynwmru%rippcrhbLwMdy dumk 匕up ”坨融/b hyypdluiik hmkirsL【分析顯示結(jié)果通配符作用】通配符“*”代表任意長(zhǎng)度的任何字符【操作要求5】啟動(dòng)第2個(gè)虛擬終端，用普通用戶(hù)登陸; 查看當(dāng)前目錄的絕對(duì)路徑；比較個(gè)人用戶(hù)主目錄與超級(jí) 用戶(hù)的區(qū)別?！静僮鞑襟E-啟動(dòng)

12、第2個(gè)虛擬終端、普通用戶(hù)登陸】rootSSM- 15Z095 IB ad4user aucliao LrootSM-lS2095S FrootQSM-1529959 ft passud ouehaoChanging passuord for user ouchao.Neu passuord:BAD F陶SUOIW： The password is shorter tJin 8 chrctcrsEetypc neu password：passud; all autheTiticAtion tokens updated successful ly. trootPSM-1520959 fi31*1-

13、1520,353 login； ouchaoPassword;last failed login： Fri Oct 6 89:35:22 PDT Z017 on ttylTli ere was 1 fei led login attempt since th e list successful lug in. oucliaoGSM-1520959 “$【操作步驟-查看當(dāng)前目錄的絕對(duì)路徑及顯示結(jié)果】oucliioGSM-152e%9 1$ pud /li ome/oucli aoouchaoGSM-1520353 1S【比較結(jié)果-命令提示行】超級(jí)用戶(hù)ErooteSM-152095,9 lit p

14、iM /root CrootSSM-152695 P#普通用戶(hù)ouclioGSM-1526959 *5 pud zliomezoucliaoouchaoGSM-1520353 小【操作要求6】返回第1個(gè)虛擬終端，學(xué)習(xí)who命令的使用方法；統(tǒng)計(jì)已登錄的用戶(hù)數(shù)?！静僮鞑襟E1-學(xué)習(xí)】LrooteSM-lS20959 1# 帕力 ulio IL logun tmee and nurabcr udiDgqEd-r； 一向1111?，1蘆 Lirt Current runlleuek-vr -uftjrl.IN ly iuimeg. 1 iiHF I Ik I rt fldFstfiliach clMia

15、e心心 一師 ad*eeag stat*占 ir? +, - or tT. HSWFE llisiIcgpfeij inW 3 -T-uii tLle JU* -T-Iclflb” MW 旗 CK：it-wars Lcm Ulp4ll 5壯1 iiif urilGo-H tkl 中立，If FILE. k mtE. |mecIf ded. uze ru*F 11mmArtMf 一 二用曰 lo/uCwp as rflLE k cnwHEin . 1( A%1 AK2 f IueVh -m 7re2iwed： s i or rMon I ikes. aM uu-L.?1U coreut 11 o

16、nl Eric lit Ip ： CM。：心oru-soffc-|rt hho tra(Kl1 a 忸上於 5 Ottp ：lt ionro J t.MJIWfiUitlrEir M Jnmpk Afl4.ihu4um. Dew id M9rKews ic.5id RicheeI StcneCDPHUGHr tQfMrijfiit 電 迷XJ fr(r ikril iwwa luuial! lift. LlcnrisD V33 4iPW JL uris faun J vr llrr dbtip-/.rHi .urllmmEapli *lilnl .Hvi-t Iv fiww ftnftutrf

17、；國(guó)m 4fR fep In durfII. Ttarp is KI UFilWWrv, to tbf ftent 即mlEt4M M Mr舊dE nL3D Hw Fu U HrfEn f r dkc it wk iwI b-htwJdcrfl IT Kv iarf n 國(guó)*1 dw*nw iwjvr ly i-we4 *11*- # unvr v i -tw. 4K hd4hh4tJIftfa H|l,t1 |V JiU IHLOrJhtliTn Iwmi 111 yfil# yrai 初取5 W thi1 icount lroDtGSM-1520S59 etc It【操作要求10】查看co

18、unt文件的內(nèi)容【操作步驟及顯示結(jié)果】IrootGSM-152059 etcltt eat count 11 54 SB1 /elc/fstabrootCSt1-lJ5205g etc#【操作要求11】返回個(gè)人用戶(hù)主目錄?！静僮鞑襟E】LrooWSri-lS2095S etcltt cd rooWSM-15Z035S Pit【操作要求12】將“cd”命令的幫助信息保存到普通用戶(hù)的個(gè)人用戶(hù)主目錄下 cd.txt文件中；分頁(yè)（屏）顯示cd.txt 文件內(nèi)容【操作步驟1】root(?sri-15Z0959 man cd. /hDMe/aiichao/cd.txt rooWSM-1529559 F【操作

19、步驟2】1S26959 Jtt more /home/oucliao/cd. txtlM：iMEhd . . I* all五 m bgP hlnil,. Muoki. hi Jtliv. cal ler . eeJidd EMbleP cweF iw1tB cpnrtj fnlMt,u.M瓦 hr-ifir hiitary, ililh kflta ifiral,也，hh 澳制priirtfr Rsihri. pwL r*Z. mnikwHg.rctBTTij set, sJiiftj 5hofrt,suspeTidlri teat, t imrs j tr-ip, tmeB ti|pc.3

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24、liel . JA K3E w|th rvi rtrfpiiirTitE k 卜 thr -p qfrtd* jirilMw ttin J IE pfk in ItX 1rlirw ./ ndryr y* J.HR nmoutput. Ufew m,. iiti: arrsupjil Led,. 4ji 41 i5 Is 4eE Irnd for E-cii hah ufaDse uaLne ix g*iwn. A tra 11iaf xpicE In uaia.e- uu.ee土 tlie mejcI mrd tn be kltkeJ for a J 3-ax subifft Ltetior

25、ii 噂* iik lAfl is inqwnrfeJ ： Fw e*eh same In theiftat 伯：is q 占但 tor- idhidclfa me a.ha& beeit dWJneJL(,Rts4M- C4c：li suvewled Job JoboKC irn theas fif It flMd Weer storteJ uith fl. If Jobssiec is not jjres*t,B the ste11 ps wtltw of llheCMFreni 川 加 ywi 匆 加帆ev rlurmf M ulw nun m婚1)Jot cnnlruk Lw MIwb

26、Md ar- rtm ulih Juh copiroH umblHL w到i WNrIU3! Job 叼prr m* e wit rrnnd rr，+呻rtM Mih4M 卜 jtlM ouuHrat is： a ooMnnd Sc-Xc rerue*. fviWillois Qj ith1 iiif*a biiil 力 樂(lè)電 事Kumrtri 5 - re-nJ I hie fLiBTitIO1 w n*n. a* 青Ht * E*ity vfir ithin.4ks it ld eteor l* /羯叫1 甘c bvt cch blvrflBg or- cutrnnd nu母t K pas

27、d u a. sevante aripHttml; OfitliDiH. II w/l 帕&1* f gl IwLiq roii iuyt：e.a.【操作要求13】設(shè)置10分鐘后關(guān)閉系統(tǒng)，并查看本虛擬終端和其它已登陸虛擬終端的情況?！静僮鞑襟E】ErootPSH-1520959 ”】# shutdown 19Shutdown scheduled for Sat 2017-1C-07 05：40：20 FAT. uc 1 shutdown -cJ to conce1.Croot(?Sri-15Z095g lit【顯示結(jié)果1-本虛擬終端】Broadcast message from rootPSM-

28、1520955 CSat 2017-i&-ft7PftT):The system is going down for power-off at St Z017-10-07 05:0:Z0 PDT!【顯示結(jié)果2-2分鐘后其它已登陸終端】(Sat Z017-10-07 9532ZB PDT)：at Sat Z017-10-07 95：48：Z8 PDT*(Sat 2017-10-97 85:33;ZB PBT):at Sat Z017-10-07 05:40:20 FDT!(Sat Z017-10-07 95：34；ZB PDT):at Sat Z017-10-B7 95：40：2B PDT*Br

29、oadcast menage from rootPSM-15Z095-3 The system is going down for pouep-offBroaden st message from root(?3M-1520959The system is gninq doum for power-offBroadcast message from rootPSM-1520959 Tlie system is going down for power-off4.5利用vi編輯文本文件【操作要求1利用vi新建test文件，具體內(nèi)容如下， 保存在個(gè)人用戶(hù)主目錄中，退出。How to Read Fa

30、ster.When I was a schoolboy I must have read every comic book ever published. But as I got older, my eyeballs must have slowed down or something I mean, comic books started to pile up faster then I couldread them!It wasn t until muchlater, when I was studying at colleague; I realized that it wasn t

31、my eyeballs that had gone wrong. They re still moving as well as ever. The problem is that there s toomuchto read these days, and too little time to read every WORD of it.注：Enter”鍵是換行?！静僮鞑襟E1-shell lrootQSM-lS20959 3 test【過(guò)程-新建test文件】iuw lu Reod FoisterUhFn I uas a xchnoIbflij T miirI hnun rnrlrnmic

32、hciol iihlifh竹d- Rut as I got oldert my eyebft1Is must have slowed doun or something T meant conic look s started to pile up faster than J couId reid them?11 uasnJ t until rvuch ter, when I was ;tudy i ng at co I league, I real ized that 11 wasii, l 叫 eijebd Is thfiI had gunc wrciiy TTlitfy* re stil

33、l muving as well d招 evei1 ,T he prnb I pht i thflt th e pr女 t no murh tn t*pd thesF dn”苴，a nd ton 1 i tt Ip time rpad eyery UORD ut it.-INVERT 【操作步驟2存盤(pán)、退出】“test” LNeul 7L, 506C written rMjteSM-1520359 Jtt【操作要求2】打開(kāi)test文件，在第一行后插入新行,內(nèi)容如下：a With the development of society, the ability ofreading becomes

34、more and more important. 并在最后一行后插入新行，內(nèi)容如下:We must know some methods to read faster.How to Read FasterWlien I uas a schoolboy I must liaue read every comic book euer published. But a s I got older, my eyeb%lIs must haue s1oued doun or someth ing I mean, comic book s started to pile up faster than cou

35、1d read themfUith the developmenQ of socie ty, the ability of reading becomes more and. more important.11 uasnt until much later, uhem 1 uas studyinq at co 1 league. 1 rea1ized that it uasnJ t 嗎 eijeba 1 Is that had gore uran They * re st ill moving as ide L I as ever . T lie pro b 1 em i s 1tha-t t

36、here * s oo much to rend these da js f and too I it Lc t i me read every UDRD of it. Ue must knou some meth口ds to read faster._-INSERT -【操作要求 3】將文本中所有“ eyeballs ”字符串用“eye-balls ” 字符串替換?！疚谋緣K操作命令】Hou to Read FasterWhen I uas a school bcL| I mustr have read everi| comic book ever pub 1 t shetl . Bu a s

37、 I got o Ider j my eyeba Is must have sloued doun or someth ing I mean comic book s started to pile up faster than 1 could read themfUith the deuelopment 口F suci已 ty.ttiu ab i J i t y of 季，口 ing becomes more and more i mportamt.t wasnt ant i 1 much later, when I uas studying at cq】league. I rca 1 iz

38、ed that it wasn t mu eye-ba Ils that had my eyeba I Is wsthaveslowed down or sonetJiing Ime(tnt comic books started to pile up faster thn I could read themTUith tlie development of socie ty * the ability of read ing becomes more and more i mportant.：1,Z dUhen I uas a school boy I nust have read euer

39、y ccmic look ever published. But a s I got oIderJ ny eyebalIs must have sloucd douw or something meanJ comic book s started to pile up faster than I could read themfWl th the deve 1 opine nt af soc le ty he ability of read in my eyeballs must have slouch doun or something I meanf comic book s starte

40、d to pile up Paster than 1 could read themTWith the development of socie tyjthe aLi1ity of reading becomes more and more important.：uHow to Ruwd Faster11 wasnt unt i 1 micli later j when I uas study i ng at co 1 league, I rea 1 ized that it wasnJ t my eye-balIs that had gone urong.Theyre still moving as ue11 as ever. The problem is that there1s too much to read these days, and too little time rea d euery HORD ot it. Ue must knou some methods to read faster.Uhen I uas a schoo1 boy 1 must haue read every comic book ever pub 1is