2012高考英語復(fù)習(xí)：高考英語詞匯400題及詳解（四）

1、151. We can't _ one to change the habits of a lifetime in a short time.   A. hope    B. wait    C. expect    D. imagine答案C. expert.注釋expert期望，盼望，表示認(rèn)為有很大的客觀可能性，例如：I expert the work to be finished by Friday.（我期望這項(xiàng)工作能在星期五前做完。）wait for . to do s

2、th.等待、等待.做.，強(qiáng)調(diào)“等”這一動(dòng)詞的本身，如：The audience are waiting eagerly for the performance to begin.(觀眾正等著演出開始。)本題如改為這樣：I waited for him to arrive in time for dinner, but he didn't come.(我等他來趕上晚餐，但他沒有來。)則句子使是對(duì)的。由此可見，expect是表示“期待”，而wait for 是表示“等待”，詞義完全不同。注意hope后不能接sb. to do sth.。imagine being on the moon.

3、3)I'm sorry, but I can't imagine anyone doing research like that.(很遺憾，我不能想象人家那樣做實(shí)驗(yàn)。)本題譯文：我們不能期望一個(gè)人在這樣短的時(shí)間內(nèi)改變一輩子養(yǎng)成的習(xí)慣。152. It was necessary to _ the factory building as the company was doing more and more business.   A. extend    B. increase    C. lengt

4、hen    D. magnify答案A. extend.注釋本題中extend意為“擴(kuò)大”。lengthen拉長(zhǎng),延長(zhǎng)。magnify放大。 Spread vi. 傳播；vt.展開；He spread butter on the toast.(他在烤面包上涂上奶油。)153. I asked the tailor to make a small _ to my trousers because they were too long.A. change  B. variation  C. revision  D. alteration

5、答案D alteration.注釋alteration 修正，更改，尤指部分的改變。Change改變，變化，可指表面的、本質(zhì)的、內(nèi)在的變化。Revision修訂、修正，常指文章、詞典、劇本等的修改、訂正。Variation(形式、位置、條件的)變化、改變、變動(dòng)：We need some variation in our daily routine.(我們的例行公事需要作些變動(dòng)。)154. Because of the strong sun Mrs. William's new dining room curtains _ from dark blue to gray within a

6、year.A. faded    B. fainted    C. paled    D. diminished答案A. faded.注釋fade vt/vi褪色。Faint暈到，變得虛弱：He fainted from hunger. Diminish vt./vi.減少：1)His illness diminished his strength. 2)The campers' food supply diminished as the days wore on.(隨著日子的緩緩消逝，野營(yíng)者的食

7、品供應(yīng)日益減少。)pale變蒼白。155. Jack is good, kind, hard-working and intelligent. _, I can't speak too highly of him.   A. As a result     B. By the way   C. On the whole    D. In a word答案D. In a word.注釋in a word(=in short)總之，簡(jiǎn)言之。本題是測(cè)試“過度詞”，考生務(wù)必根據(jù)上下文的

8、邏輯關(guān)系來選擇適當(dāng)?shù)倪^渡詞，使句子的意思前后連貫。156. Evidence obtained from observation and experiment is often used to _ a scientific theory.   A. confirm    B. confine    C. conform    D. conceive答案A. confirm.注釋 confirm(=support; make certain; give proof of)證實(shí)，確實(shí)：1)

9、Please confirm your telephone message in writing.(請(qǐng)把你電話中所說的話再用文字復(fù)述一篇。) 2)The king confirmed that the election would be on June 20th.(國(guó)王確認(rèn)，這次選擇將于六月二十日舉行。)confine.to把.限制于：Please confine your remarks to the subject we are talking about.(請(qǐng)把你的話限止于我們正在談?wù)摰念}目。)conform (to)使一致，符合，遵守。Conceive 1)想到，想出：He very

10、quickly conceived a new plan.注意conceive of想象:They could not conceive of the possibility of failure.(他們不能想象失敗的可能。)157. Political parties often differ in their views on various _ concerning their own countries.A. ways    B. measures    C. issues    D. patte

11、rns答案c. issues.注釋issue此處意為“重大問題”。measure措施，雖然填入本題也說得過去，但不夠貼切。pattern模式，圖案，圖樣。與題意不符，不能入選。way 方法，方式。158. _ his knowledge of the mountainous country, John Smith was appointed as our guide.   A. In spite of      B. On account of   C. Regardless of  

12、  D. Instead of答案B. On account of注釋on account of(=because of)由于，因?yàn)?。regardless of(=without worrying about)不顧；Regardless of danger, he climbed the tower.159. The lawyer was expected to _ some proposals after reading all those documents.   A. come up with    B. put up with

13、   C. look up to      D. keep up with答案A. come up with.注釋come up with提出。參閱，33。注釋。Put up with忍受；keep up with跟上，與.保持一致；look up to尊敬。160. While typing, Helen has a habit of stopping _ to give her long and flowing hair a smooth.   A. occasionally  &

14、#160; B. simultaneously   C. eventually      D. directly答案A. occasionally.注釋occasionally 偶爾。參閱IV。137注釋。Simultaniously同時(shí)地；  directly直接161. In my opinion, you can widen the _ of these improvements through your active participation.   A. dimension 

15、   B. volume    C. magnitude    D. scope答案D. scope.注釋scope(=the area within the limits of a questions, subject ect. ; range)(活動(dòng))范圍，機(jī)會(huì)，余地：The politics of a country would be outside the scope of a book for tourists.(一個(gè)國(guó)家的政治不屬于旅游手冊(cè)的內(nèi)容范圍之內(nèi)。)dimension尺寸，尺度；magnitud

16、e大小，數(shù)量；volume體積。均不切題，不能入選。本題譯文：依我看，通過你的積極參與，你能夠擴(kuò)大這些改進(jìn)措施的范圍。162. The noise was so _ that only those with excellent hearing were aware of it.   A. dim    B. soft    C. faint    D. gentle答案c. faint.注釋faint(=weak, indistinct; not clear)“微弱的，模糊的，不清楚的

17、”。Dim(=not bright, not clearly to be seen)不亮的，看不清的；the dim light of a candle(微弱的燭光)。163. If he refuses to _ my plan, I can probably find someone more cooperative.   A. put up with     B. fall in with   C. do away with    D. get along with答案B. fa

18、ll in with.注釋fall in with(=agree to)同意：Is it true that you have fallen in with them?(你真的同意他們的意見嗎？)put up with忍受。do away with廢除；殺死。get along with進(jìn)行，進(jìn)展；相處。本題譯文：如果他不肯同意我的計(jì)劃，我或許能找一個(gè)更能合作的人。164. Some people either _ avoid questions of right and wrong or remain neutral about them.A. violently B. sincerely&

19、#160; C. properly  D. deliberately答案D. deliberately.注釋deliberately(=on purpose)故意地。Sincerely真誠(chéng)地；violently強(qiáng)暴的，激烈的，暴力引起的。properly 1)好好地，恰當(dāng)?shù)兀籗he never makes any attempt to clean it properly.(她從來也不打算好好地把它擦干凈。) 2)嚴(yán)格地：Properly speaking, a whale is not a fish.(嚴(yán)格地說，鯨魚不是魚。)165. Her skirt had been so _

20、in packing that she had to iron it before going out.   A. faded    B. torn    C. dirty    D. crushed答案D. crushed.注釋crush把.弄皺。因?yàn)楹蟀刖渲衖ron指“熨平”，所以不能選其他答案了。166. His landlady gave him a week's _ to leave the flat.   A. threat  

21、;  B. notice    C. advice    D. caution答案B. notice.注釋notice預(yù)先通知（尤用雇主、雇員或房東、房客之間）：give one's employee a month's notice (通知雇員一個(gè)月后離職)。本題譯文：他的女房東通知他一周后從套間搬走。167. Even if they are on sale, these refrigerators are equal in price to, if not more expensive than, _

22、at the other store.A. anyone    B. the others    C. that    D. the ones答案D. the ones注釋代詞one可以用來替代前面提到過的名詞，以避免重復(fù)。如果它替代的名詞是復(fù)數(shù)，則用ones。本題中它代替refrigerators；因特指，故用the ones.168. When I took his temperature, it was two degrees above _.A. average   

23、 B. ordinary    C. regular    D. normal答案D. normal注釋normal正常的；ordinary普通的；usual平常的；regular有規(guī)律的，定期的。169. With the change of the economic foundation the entire immense superstructure is _ rapidly transformed.A. anything but B. more or less  C. at large  D. any m

24、ore答案B. more or less.注釋more or less 或多或少地；anything but根本不；at large大體上；逍遙法外；詳細(xì)地。本題譯文：隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)基礎(chǔ)的改變，整個(gè)龐大的上層建筑也或多或少地發(fā)生變革。170. The author of the report is well _ with the problems in the hospital because he has been working there for many years.A. acquainted B. informed  C. enlightened  D. advised

25、答案A. acquainted.注釋be acquainted with熟悉，be well informed of(about)對(duì).消息靈通?？梢?，此題中應(yīng)用acquainted,因?yàn)楹竺娴亟樵~是with.171. It is clear that the whole world is passing through a social revolution in which a central _ must be taken by scientists and technologists. A. process   B. attention  

26、0; C. measure    D. part答案D. part.注釋take part in參加。本題譯文：顯然，整個(gè)世界正經(jīng)歷著一場(chǎng)社會(huì)革命；科學(xué)家和技術(shù)人員必定是這場(chǎng)革命地主要參加者。172. The farmers were more anxious for rain than the people in the city because they had more _. A. at length    B. at last    C. at stake    D.

27、 at ease答案C. at stake.注釋at stake(=to be won or lost; risked, depending upon the result of sth.)在危險(xiǎn)中；利害攸關(guān)；His life itself was at stake.(他的生命本身瀕臨危險(xiǎn)。);  at last最終；at length詳細(xì)地；at ease安詳，自在，隨便，不拘束：She knew he was not at ease.(她知道，他并不自在。)本題譯文：農(nóng)民們比城里人更渴望魚，因?yàn)橛晁畬?duì)農(nóng)民來說關(guān)系更大。173. When the big bills for mot

28、her's hospital care came, father was glad he had money in the bank to _.   A. fall short of    B. fall through   C. fall back on     D. fall in with答案C. fall back on.注釋fall back on求助于。參閱.48注釋。Fall short of沒達(dá)到，低于：1)He fell short of what we ha

29、d expected.(他沒有達(dá)到我們的期望。) 2)The measures proposed fall far short of what is required.(所提出的這些措施遠(yuǎn)沒達(dá)到需要的 目標(biāo)。)Fall in with與.一致，符合；同意，贊成，支持。Fall through落空。參閱.49注釋。本題譯文：母親在醫(yī)院就醫(yī)的各種帳單送來時(shí)，父親高興的是他可用銀行里的存款來支付。174. These plastic flowers look so _ that many people think they are real.A. beautiful   

30、; B. natural    C. artificial    D. similar答案B. natural.注釋natural自然的，與后半句“許多人認(rèn)為它們是真的”相呼應(yīng)。175. The managing director promised that he would _ me as soon as he had any further information.   A. communicate    B. notice    C. notify&

31、#160;   D. note答案C. notify.注釋notify通知。Notice n.通知；v.注意到；note n.筆記；v.記下，摘下。176. When I worked as the general manager of the firm, I sometimes had _ to visit London on business.A. opportunity B. possibility  C. occasion D. chance答案C. occasion注釋 occasion 作可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，意為“時(shí)機(jī)”，作不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，意為“必要”，本題中o

32、ccasion意為“必要”。從句語法結(jié)構(gòu)上看，本句中用opportunity(難得的)機(jī)會(huì)，chance（偶然的）機(jī)會(huì)均可，但按邏輯意思，應(yīng)用occasion.177. The most important _ of his speech was that we should all work whole-heartedly for the people.  A. element   B. spot    C. sense    D. point答案D. point.注釋point(=chief idea

33、 of sth. said, done, or planned)要點(diǎn)；論點(diǎn)，主旨：I don't see your point.(我不明白你的意思。)He said nothing to the point.(他說的不切題。)178. It has always been the _ of our firm to encourage workers to take part in social activities.A. plan    B. campaign    C. procedure   

34、 D. policy答案D. policy.注釋policy(尤指政黨、政府、大企業(yè)、商行等的)政策，方針。Campaign(政治或競(jìng)選的)運(yùn)動(dòng)；（軍事的）行動(dòng)，procedure做事的手續(xù)、程序，rule規(guī)則，plan計(jì)劃，均不合題意。本題譯文：本公司的一貫方針是鼓勵(lì)工人參加社會(huì)活動(dòng)。179. The climbers _ their ambition by reaching the summit of the mountain.A. obtained  B. sustained  C. maintained  D. realized答案D. realised.

35、注釋realise sth. by doing sth. else通過做.來實(shí)現(xiàn).。180. I remember her face but I cannot _ where I met her.A. recall    B. remind    C. remember    D. remark答案A. recall.注釋recall(=bring back to the mind)想起，回憶起：But I really cann't recall your name at his moment.

36、Remind sb. of .使.想起：1)The photo reminds me of my late father.(這張照片使我想起已故的父親。) 2)The sight of the clock reminded me that I was late.Remind sb. to sth.提醒.做.；Please remind me to write the letter.181. He has left his book here on _, so that you can read it.   A. purpose    B. in

37、tention    C. aim    D. meaning答案A. purpose.注釋on purpose是介詞習(xí)語，意為“故意地”。如用intention,則應(yīng)說by intention故意地。182. The magician picked several persons from the audience and asked them to help him with the performance.   A. by accident    B. on occasion&#

38、160;  C. at random      D. on an average答案C. at random.注釋at random(=without aim or purpose)隨便地，胡亂地：His clothes were scattered about the room at random.By accident意外地；on occasion偶爾；on an average平均計(jì)算。183. The open university was started in order to help those who _ having

39、 a university education when they were young.   A. stopped    B. failed    C. missed    D. ceased答案C. missed.注釋miss doing sth.沒有做某事：I missed seeing the film when it was shown at school.(學(xué)校放映那部電影時(shí)，我沒有能去看。)184. His _of the aeroplane was correct in

40、 every detail and could really fly.   A. shape    B. pattern    C. design    D. model答案D. model.注釋model此句中意為“（飛機(jī)的）模型”。185. If you _ your demand, then maybe you will have more chance of getting what you want.   A. conduct  

41、60; B. dismiss    C. grant    D. moderate答案D. moderate.注釋moderate(=make or become less violent or extreme)節(jié)制，緩和，減輕。186. Don't _ the news to the public until we give you the go-ahead (許可，準(zhǔn)許).   A. release    B. discard    C. re

42、lieve    D. retain答案A, release.注釋release(=allow news to be published)發(fā)布（新聞）：Details of the scheme have not yet been released to the public.(這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃的細(xì)節(jié)尚未向公眾發(fā)布。)relieve 1)減輕（痛苦，緊張情緒等）：What will relieve a headache? This will help to relieve our hardship. 2)使放心，使寬慰：The good news relieved us,

43、 for we had been very anxious. 3)賑濟(jì)，救濟(jì)：The fund is for relieving distress among the flood victims. 4)relieve.from(of)解除，免除； a. This medicine will help to relieve you from your pain. b. He was relieved of his duties.retain(= keep; continue to have or hold)保持，繼續(xù)保有：1)She retains a clear memory of her s

44、chooldays. 2)You must retain your tickets.187. The storm sweeping over this area now is sure to cause _ of vegetables in the coming days.A. rarity   B. scarcity  C. invalidity  D. variety答案B. scarcity.注釋scarcity(=the state of being scarce)缺乏；不足（指原本充足之物暫時(shí)在數(shù)量上的缺乏）。例如：The scarcity o

45、f fruit was caused by the drought.(水果的供應(yīng)不足是干旱所引起的。)rarity(=sth. uncommon, unusual or sth. valued because rare)珍稀，稀少：Snow is a rarity around the equator.(雪在赤道周圍是罕見之物。)invalidity(=making weak by illness; not suitable for use)無效性，喪失工作能力。Variety(=difference of condition or quality)變化，多樣化。本題譯文：目前席卷這一地區(qū)的暴

46、風(fēng)雨今后肯定會(huì)引起蔬菜短缺。188. Jack almost fell off the cliff, but managed to _ until help came. A. keep on   B. catch on  C. count on    D. hang on答案D. hang on.注釋hang on(=hold fast, keep hold)牢牢抓住，抓緊不放：Help! I can't hang on much longer.(救命??！我支持不住啦。)keep on(doing sth.)繼續(xù)（做.）；ca

47、tch on 理解；count on 指望，依賴。本題譯文：杰克差點(diǎn)從懸崖上掉下來，但得以抓住不放直到得救。189. Experts say walking is one of the best ways for a person to _ healthy.A. preserve    B. stay    C. maintain    D. reserve答案B. stay.注釋preserve, stay, maintain, reserve這4個(gè)詞均有“保持”，“維持”之意。stay后可接形容詞作表

48、語：The weather stayed wet for three days.其他3個(gè)詞均為及物動(dòng)詞。Preserve(=keep safe from decay, risk, harm, danger, going bad etc.)保存，保護(hù)：1)Policemen preserve order in the streets.(警察在街上維持秩序。) 2)We must preserve our natural resources.(我們必須保護(hù)自然資源。)3)You paint woodwork to preserve it.(你油漆木制品以防腐爛。)Maintain(=keep up

49、)保持，維持，維修。Reserve(=keep for a special purpose; store)保留，預(yù)定：1)I'll reserve my opinion at his time,(這時(shí)我將保留我的看法。) 2)I'll phone up today and reserve a room.(我今天將打電話預(yù)定一個(gè)房間。)本題譯文：專家們說，步行是一個(gè)人保持健康的最好方法之一。190. Expected noises are usually more _ than unexpected ones of the like magnitude.  

50、A. manageable    B. controllable   C. tolerable     D. perceivable答案C. tolerable.注釋tolerable(=fairly good, not too bad)可忍受的：The pain has become tolerable. manageable可處理的；可管理的；controllable可控制的；perceivable可覺察的。本題譯文：料想到的嗓音通常情況下比起等量的意外嗓音來說是可以忍受的。191. It isn&#

51、39;t so much whether he works hard; the question is whether he works _.   A. above all    B. in all    C. at all    D. after all答案C. at all.注釋at all全然，真地（常用于肯定句中）：If you do it at all, do it well.(你若真做，就得做好。)not.at all全不，毫不：He doesn't seem at

52、 all interested in my plane.(他似乎對(duì)我的計(jì)劃毫無興趣。)above all(=most important of all)最重要的。in all總計(jì)：We were fifteen in all.(我們總計(jì)15人。)after all畢竟，終究。本題譯文：他是否努力工作到并不重要，問題是他是否真正地做了。192. Mary had taken _ to see that her guests had everything that they could possibly want.   A. efforts   

53、B. pains    C. attempts    D. endeavors答案B. pains.                注釋take pains to do sth.下苦功夫做某事：I'm grateful because you have taken pains to show me how to do the work.193. He ate what he co

54、uld, and gave the _ of the food to the birds.A. remain    B. uneaten    C. rest    D. part答案C. reset注釋the rest (of)剩余部分，其余。remain作“剩余物”(=what is left)解時(shí)常用復(fù)數(shù)形式，如：the remains of a meal(殘羹剩飯)。ALI新英漢辭典認(rèn)為也可以用單數(shù)，可作參考。194. The government placed _ on the numbers of foreign cars that could be imported.   A. limitations     B. restraint   C. requirements    D. restrictions答案D. restrictions.注釋restriction(可數(shù)名稱)限制性規(guī)定：It is a