新視野大學(xué)英語(yǔ)2課后英語(yǔ)翻譯

1、新視野大學(xué)英語(yǔ)第三版 book 2 unit 1英譯中：English is known as a world language, regularly used by many nations whose English is not their first language. Like other languages, English has changed greatly. The history of the English language can be divided into three main periods : Old English, Middle English and

2、Modern English. The English language started with the invasion of Britain by three Germanic tribes during the 5th century AD, and they contributed greatly to the formation of the English language. During the medieval and early modern periods, the influence of English spread throughout the British Is

3、les, and from the early 17th century its influence began to be felt throughout the world. The processes of European exploration and colonization for several centuries led to significant change in English. Today, American English is particularly influential, due to the popularity of American cinema,

4、television, music, trade and technology, including the Internet.資料個(gè)人收集整理，勿做商業(yè)用途人們普遍認(rèn)為英語(yǔ)是一種世界語(yǔ)言，經(jīng)常被許多不以英語(yǔ)為第一語(yǔ)言的國(guó)家使用。與其他語(yǔ)言一樣，英語(yǔ)也發(fā)生了很大的變化。英語(yǔ)的歷史可以分為三個(gè)主要階段：古英語(yǔ)，中古英語(yǔ)和現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)。英語(yǔ)起源于公元5世紀(jì)，當(dāng)時(shí)三個(gè)日耳曼部落入侵英國(guó)，他們對(duì)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言的形成起了很大的作用。在中世紀(jì)和現(xiàn)代社會(huì)初期，英語(yǔ)的影響普及不列顛群島。從17世紀(jì)初，它的影響力開始在世界各地顯現(xiàn)。歐洲幾百年的探險(xiǎn)和殖民過(guò)程導(dǎo)致了英語(yǔ)的重大變化。今天，由于美國(guó)電影、電視、貿(mào)易和技術(shù)、包括

5、互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的大受歡迎，美國(guó)英語(yǔ)的影響力尤其顯。中譯英：中國(guó)書法(calligraphy)是一門獨(dú)特的藝術(shù)、是世界上獨(dú)一無(wú)二的藝術(shù)瑰寶。中國(guó)書法藝術(shù)的形成，開展與漢文字的產(chǎn)生與演進(jìn)存在著密不可分的關(guān)系。漢字在漫長(zhǎng)的演變開展過(guò)程中，一方面起著交流思想、繼承文化的重要作用，另一方面它本身又形成了一種獨(dú)特的藝術(shù)。書法能夠通過(guò)作品把書法家個(gè)人的生活感受、學(xué)識(shí)、修養(yǎng)、個(gè)性等折射出來(lái)，所以，通常有“字如其人的說(shuō)法。中國(guó)書法不僅是中華民族的文化瑰寶，而且在世界文化藝術(shù)寶庫(kù)中獨(dú)放異彩。Chinese calligraphy is a unique art and the unique art treasure in

6、 the world. The formation and development of the Chinese calligraphy is closely related to the emergence and evolution of Chinese characters. In this long evolutionary process, Chinese characters have not only played an important role in exchanging ideas and transmitting culture but also developed i

7、nto a unique art form. Calligraphic works well reflect calligraphers' personal feelings, knowledge, self-cultivation,personality, and so forth, thus there is an expression that "seeing the calligrapher's handwriting is like seeing the person". As one of the treasures o Chinese cult

8、ure, Chinese calligraphy shines splendidly in the world's treasure house of culture and art.unit 2英 翻 中A M00C (massive open online course) is an online course aimed at unlimited participation and open access via the web. M00Cs are a recent development in distance education and have now become a

9、surging trend in higher education. These classes are aimed at expanding a university's reach from thousands of tuition-paying students who live in town, to millions of students around the world. In addition to traditional course materials, M00Cs provide interactive user forums to support interac

10、tions between students and professors. M00Cs can encourage communication among participants who bring a variety of viewpoints, knowledge, and skills to the course ; inspire people to "try on" subjects that they wouldn't otherwise pursue or even try on education itself ; provide multipl

11、e ways to engage with course material, encouraging multimodal ( 多模式的 ) learning that can address the needs of learners with a variety of learning styles ; and inspire better teaching and use of technologies for face-to-face courses.文檔收集自網(wǎng)絡(luò)，僅用于個(gè)人學(xué)習(xí)慕課是一種網(wǎng)絡(luò)課程，它旨在通過(guò)網(wǎng)絡(luò)實(shí)現(xiàn)廣泛參與和開放接入。慕課是遠(yuǎn)程教育邁出的最新一步，現(xiàn)已在高等教育領(lǐng)域

12、迅速引領(lǐng)潮流。通過(guò)這些課程，大學(xué)可以擴(kuò)大影響的范圍，從影響成千上萬(wàn)住在城里付學(xué)費(fèi)的學(xué)生，擴(kuò)展到惠及全球上百萬(wàn)的學(xué)生。除了擁有傳統(tǒng)的課程資料，慕課還給使用者提供互動(dòng)論壇，支持學(xué)生和講師之間的交流。慕課能夠促進(jìn)參與者之間的交流，使得多種觀點(diǎn)、知識(shí)和技能涌現(xiàn)到課堂上來(lái)；它鼓勵(lì)人們嘗試之前不可能嘗試的課程，至是嘗試新的教育方式；它提供多種學(xué)習(xí)課程資料的方式，鼓勵(lì)多模式學(xué)習(xí)，以各種學(xué)習(xí)風(fēng)格滿足學(xué)習(xí)者的需求；另外，慕課促進(jìn)教學(xué)的改善，使技術(shù)在面對(duì)面授課中得以更好地應(yīng)用。中 翻 英近年來(lái)，隨著互聯(lián)網(wǎng)技術(shù)的開展，我國(guó)的數(shù)字化教育資源建設(shè)取得了巨大的成就。很多高校建立了自己的數(shù)字化學(xué)習(xí)平臺(tái)，數(shù)字化教學(xué)在教育中發(fā)

13、揮著越來(lái)越大的作用。和傳統(tǒng)教學(xué)方式相比，數(shù)字化教學(xué)方式有很大的優(yōu)勢(shì)。一方面，數(shù)字化教學(xué)使教學(xué)資源得以全球共享；另一方面，它拓展了學(xué)習(xí)者的學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)間和空間，人們可以隨時(shí)隨地通過(guò)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)進(jìn)入數(shù)字化的虛擬學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)。這使得人類從接受一次性教育走向終身學(xué)習(xí)成為可能。In recent years, with the development of Internet technology, the construction of digital education resources of our country has made great achievements. Many universities ha

14、ve set up their own digital learning platforms, and digital teaching is playing an increasingly important role in education. Compared with the traditional way of teaching, the digital way has a lot of advantages. On one hand, digital teaching makes global sharing of teaching resources possible ; on

15、the other hand, it expands the learner's study time and space to learn, allowing people to get access to the digital virtual schools through the Internet anytime and anywhere. These advantages make it possible for people to shift from one-time learning to lifelong learning.unit 3英翻中As an importa

16、nt part of the American culture value system, "individualism" is admired by most American people. Americans view the family as a group whose primary purpose is to advance the happiness of individual members. In contrast to many other cultures, the primary responsibility of the American fam

17、ily member is not to advance the family as a group, either socially or economically. What would be best for the family is not usually considered to be as important as what would be best for the individual. With freedom comes the responsibility to care for oneself, for it is the freedom of choice tha

18、t carries with it the responsibility: to accept the consequences of the choices. Many Americans give their children a lot of freedom because they want them to be independent and self-reliant. Along with the American emphasis on文檔來(lái)自于網(wǎng)絡(luò)搜索individual freedom, the belief in equality between parents and c

19、hildren also has had a strong effect on the family.作為美國(guó)文化價(jià)值體系的一個(gè)重要組成局部，"個(gè)人主義"受到大多數(shù)美國(guó)人的推崇。美國(guó)人認(rèn)為家庭作為一個(gè)群體，其主要目的是促進(jìn)家庭各成員的幸福。與許多其他文化相比，美國(guó)家庭成員的主要職責(zé)，不是在社會(huì)上或經(jīng)濟(jì)上提高整個(gè)家庭的地位。人們通常認(rèn)為，什么是對(duì)個(gè)人最好的要比什么是對(duì)家庭最好的更為重要。與自由相伴而來(lái)的是照顧自己的責(zé)任，因?yàn)樗x擇的自由承載了責(zé)任，即必須接受自己的選擇所帶來(lái)的后果。許多美國(guó)人給他們的孩子很多的自由，因?yàn)樗麄兿Ｍ⒆觽兡軌颡?dú)立和自力更生。在美國(guó)人強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)人自由的同

20、時(shí)，父母與孩子間平等的信念也對(duì)美國(guó)家庭產(chǎn)生了巨大的影響。中翻英孝道filial piety是中國(guó)古代社會(huì)的根本道德標(biāo)準(zhǔn)code of ethics。中國(guó)人把孝視為人格之本、家庭和睦之本、國(guó)家安康之本。由于孝道是儒家倫理思想的核心，它成了中國(guó)社會(huì)千百年來(lái)維系家庭關(guān)系的道德準(zhǔn)那么。它毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)是中華民族的一種傳統(tǒng)美德。孝道文化是一個(gè)復(fù)合概念，內(nèi)容豐富，涉及面廣。它既有文化理念，又有制度禮儀institutional etiquette。一般來(lái)說(shuō)，它指社會(huì)要求子女對(duì)父母應(yīng)盡的義務(wù)，包括尊敬、關(guān)愛(ài)、贍養(yǎng)老人等等。孝道是古老的"東方文明"之根本。Filial piety is the

21、basic code of ethics in ancient Chinese society. Chinese people consider filial piety as the essence of a person's integrity, family harmony, and the nation's well-being. With filial piety being the core of Confucian ethics, it has been the moral standard for the Chinese society to maintain

22、the family relationship for thousands of years. It's undoubtedly a traditional Chinese virtue. The culture of filial piety is a complex concept, rich in content and wide in range. It includes not only cultural ideas but also institutional etiquettes. Generally speaking, it refers to the obligati

23、on of children to their parents required by the society, including respect, care, support for the elderly and so forth. Filial piety is fundamental to the ancient "Orientalcivilization". unit 4 英翻中Valentine's Day on February 14 is celebrated in various American and European countries.

24、It is a holiday of love and romance usually by exchanging valentines or love tokens between lovers. There are different origins regarding the festival. One legend goes that the Romans put a priest named Saint Valentine into prison for refusing to believe in the Roman gods. On February 14, Valentine

25、was put to death not only because he was Christian, but also because he had cured the jailer's daughter of blindness. The night before he was executed he wrote her a farewell letter signed "From your Valentine". Later, February 14 became a holiday for people to show affection for their

26、 loved ones. Today, people celebrate Valentine's Day in different ways, sending greeting cards and flowers, giving chocolate or other gifts, or joining in romantic dinners. The holiday has now become popular all over the world. In China the festival is also becoming increasingly popular with you

27、ng people.文檔來(lái)自于網(wǎng)絡(luò)搜索美洲和歐洲各國(guó)都會(huì)慶祝2月14日的情人節(jié)。這是一個(gè)充滿愛(ài)情和浪漫的節(jié)日，戀人之間通常都會(huì)交換情人卡和愛(ài)情信物。關(guān)于這個(gè)節(jié)日的起源有著不同的說(shuō)法。一個(gè)傳說(shuō)是羅馬人把一個(gè)叫圣瓦倫丁的神父關(guān)進(jìn)了監(jiān)獄，因?yàn)樗芙^相信羅馬神。2月14日那天，瓦倫丁被處死，不僅因?yàn)樗腔酵?，而且因?yàn)樗斡艘晃槐O(jiān)獄看守雙目失明的女兒。他在被處死的前一天晚上給她寫了一封署名“你的瓦倫丁的辭別信。后來(lái)，2月14日就成了一個(gè)人們可以為他們的情人展示感情的節(jié)日?，F(xiàn)在，人們以不同的方式慶祝情人節(jié)，他們發(fā)送賀卡、鮮花，贈(zèng)送巧克力或其他禮品，或共進(jìn)浪漫的晚餐?，F(xiàn)在這個(gè)節(jié)日已流行世界各地。在中國(guó)

28、，這個(gè)節(jié)日也正越來(lái)越受年輕人的歡迎。中翻英 農(nóng)歷七月初七是中國(guó)的七夕節(jié) (Qixi Festival)，是中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日中最具浪漫色彩的一個(gè)節(jié)日。一些大的商家每年都舉辦不同的活動(dòng)，年輕人也送禮物給他們的情人。因此，七夕節(jié)被認(rèn)為是中國(guó)的“情人節(jié)(Valentine's Day)。七夕節(jié)來(lái)自牛郎與織女Cowherd and Weaving Maid的傳說(shuō)。相傳，每年的這個(gè)夜晚，天上的織女都會(huì)與牛郎相會(huì)。所以，在七夕的夜晚，人們可以看到牛郎織女在銀河 the Milky Way相會(huì)。姑娘們也會(huì)在這一天晚上向天上的織女乞求智慧，以獲得美滿姻緣。但隨著時(shí)代的變遷，這些活動(dòng)正在消失，唯有標(biāo)志著忠貞愛(ài)

29、情的牛郎織女的傳說(shuō)一直流傳民間。July 7th on the Chinese calendar is Chinese Qixi Festival, the most romantic of all the traditional Chinese holidays. Every year, some big businesses organize various activities, and young people send gifts to their lovers. As a result, the Qixi Festival is considered to be Chinese &

30、quot;Valentine's Day". The Qixi Festival is derived from the legend of Cowherd and Weaving Maid. The legend holds that on this particular night every year the Weaving Maid in heaven meets with Cowherd. So, people can see Cowherd and Weaving Maid meeting in the Milky Way on the night of Qixi

31、. On this night, girls would also beg Weaving Maid for some wisdom for a happy marriage. But, with the changing of times, these activities are diminishing. All that remains is the legend of Cowherd and Weaving Maid, a sign of faithful love, continuously circulated among the folk. 資料個(gè)人收集整理，勿做商業(yè)用途unit

32、 5英翻中 The Age of Discovery, also called the Age of Exploration, is a historical period of European global exploration that started in the early 15th century and continued until the 18th century. It is usually regarded as a bridge between the Middle Ages and the Modern era, in the context of emerging

33、 western imperialism and economic competition between European kingdoms seeking wealth through the establishment of trade routes and colonies. Among many great explorers during this period, the most outstanding one was Christopher Columbus since he discovered the New World. European overseas expansi

34、on led to the rise of colonial empires, with the contact between the Old and New Worlds producing the exchange: a wide transfer of plants, animals, foods, culture, and so forth. This represented one of the most significant global events concerning ecology, agriculture, and culture in history. Europe

35、an exploration allowed the global mapping of the world, resulting in a new world-view and distant civilizations acknowledging each other.資料個(gè)人收集整理，勿做商業(yè)用途大發(fā)現(xiàn)年代，也被稱為大勘探年代，是歐洲進(jìn)行全球勘查的一個(gè)歷史時(shí)期，始于15世紀(jì)初并一直持續(xù)到18世紀(jì)。這一時(shí)期通常被認(rèn)為是中世紀(jì)和近代之間的橋梁，當(dāng)時(shí)西方帝國(guó)主義剛興起，歐洲各王國(guó)之間正在經(jīng)濟(jì)上互相競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，他們想通過(guò)建立貿(mào)易路線和殖民地來(lái)尋找財(cái)富。在這一時(shí)期眾多偉大的探險(xiǎn)家中，最杰出的是克里斯托弗

36、?哥倫布，因?yàn)樗l(fā)現(xiàn)了新大陸。歐洲的海外擴(kuò)張導(dǎo)致了殖民帝國(guó)的崛起，舊大陸與新大陸的接觸也促成了兩邊的互相交換：大量的植物、動(dòng)物、食物、文化等得到遷移。這代表了歷史上生態(tài)、農(nóng)業(yè)和文化在全球范圍內(nèi)最重大的活動(dòng)之一。歐洲大勘探讓繪制全球性的世界地圖成為可能，從而使人們看到一個(gè)新的世界與古老的文明正遙相照應(yīng)。中翻英 絲綢之路Silk Road是我國(guó)古代一條連接中國(guó)和歐亞大陸Eurasia的交通線路，由于這條商路以絲綢貿(mào)易為主，故稱"絲綢之路"。作為國(guó)際貿(mào)易的通道和文化交流的橋梁， 絲綢之路有效地促進(jìn)了東西方經(jīng)濟(jì)文化交流和開展，對(duì)世界文明進(jìn)程有著深遠(yuǎn)影響。當(dāng)前，在新的歷史條件下，我國(guó)

37、提出了"一帶一路"One Belt, One Road即"絲綢之路經(jīng)濟(jì)帶"和"21世紀(jì)海上絲綢之路"的戰(zhàn)略設(shè)想。"一帶一路"以合作共贏為核心，強(qiáng)調(diào)相關(guān)各國(guó)的互利共贏和共同開展。這一戰(zhàn)略一經(jīng)提出即受到沿線各國(guó)的積極響應(yīng)。The Silk Road is a traffic route in the ancient times connecting China and Eurasia. This trade route focuses on the trade of silk, hence the name "

38、;the Silk Road". As an international trade channel and a bridge of cultural exchanges, the Silk Road effectively improved the economic and cultural exchanges and development between the East and the West, exerting a profound impact on the progress of the world civilization. Nowadays, under the

39、new historical circumstances, our country proposes the strategy of "One Belt, One Road" (namely the Silk Road Economic Belt and the21st. The strategy of "One Belt, One Road" focuses on cooperation and mutual benefits, emphasizing mutual benefits, win-win, as well as common develo

40、pment of the related countries. Once proposed, the strategy has received positive responses from the related countries along the road.Unit6英翻中Minimalism (極簡(jiǎn)主義) is about getting rid of excess stuff and keeping only what you need. Minimalist living, in simplest terms, is to live with as less as possib

41、le, mentally and physically until you achieve peace of mind. Results that ensue are less stress, more time, and increased happiness. Minimalists like to say that they're living more meaningfully, more deliberately, and that the minimalist lifestyle allows them to focus on what's more importa

42、nt in life: friends, hobbies, travel, experiences. Of course, minimalism doesn't mean there's anything inherently wrong with owning material possessions. Today's problem seems to be that we tend to give too much meaning to our things, often forsaking (拋棄) our health, our relationships, our passions, our personal growth, and our desire to contribute beyond ourselves. In addition to its application in people's daily life, minimalism also finds application in many creative disciplines, inc