(完整版)初中英語主謂一致的用法及專項(xiàng)練習(xí)題帶答案

1、初中英語主謂一致的用法及專項(xiàng)練習(xí)題一、主謂一致三原則 主謂一致是指謂語動(dòng)詞與主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致，主謂一致必須遵循三 原則：語法一致原則，意義一致原則，就近一致原則。1. 語法一致原則：指主語是單數(shù)形式，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式，主語是復(fù)數(shù)形 式，謂語也用復(fù)數(shù)形式。Tom is a good student. 湯姆是個(gè)好學(xué)生。They often play football on the playground. 他們經(jīng)常在操場上踢足球。2. 意義一致：指主語形式上為單數(shù)，但意義為復(fù)數(shù)，因此謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形 式；或主語形式上為復(fù)數(shù) ,但表示單數(shù)意義，這是謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。My family is

2、 having lunch now. 我們一家人現(xiàn)在正吃午飯。My family has moved three times.我們家搬過 3 次。3. 就近一致：指謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式還是用復(fù)數(shù)形式，取決于最靠近他的主 語。例如：Not only the teacher but also his students like playing football. 不僅老師喜歡踢足球，而且他的學(xué)生也喜歡踢足球。There is a pen and some books on the desk課. 桌上有一支鋼筆和一些書。二、主謂一致?？碱}型1. 單數(shù)名詞 （代詞），不可數(shù)名詞作主語時(shí)，謂語用單數(shù)形式，

3、復(fù)數(shù)名詞 （代詞） 作主語，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)形式。The desk is Tom '這s張. 桌子是湯姆的。Some water is in the bottle. 一些水在瓶子里。The students are playing football on the playground. 這些學(xué)生正在操場上踢足球。2. many a+單數(shù)名詞作主語，意義雖為 “許多”，但謂語要用單數(shù)形式。 Many a student has been to Shanghai.許 多學(xué)生到過上海。3. more than one+單數(shù)名詞作主語，謂語用單數(shù)。More than one student has

4、ever been to Beijing.不 止一個(gè)學(xué)生曾經(jīng)去過北京。4. 表示時(shí)間，價(jià)格，重量，數(shù)目，長度，數(shù)學(xué)運(yùn)算等的詞或短語作主語時(shí)， 這些通常作一個(gè)整體概念，謂語用單數(shù)形式。例如：Two months is a long holiday. 兩個(gè)月是一個(gè)長假。 Twenty pounds isn 't so h e2a0v英y. 鎊并不太重。Ten miles isn ' t a long distanc英e. 里10并不是一段很長的距離。 Five minus four is one. 5 減 4 等于 1。 但是，如果時(shí)間，距離，價(jià)格，度量衡的服飾名詞與 pass,g

5、o by ,waste,use,spend 等詞連用時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)，如：Five years has passed since I joined the Part我y.入黨 5 年了。5. 主語是 each/every+單數(shù)名詞 +and（each/every）+單數(shù)名詞時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。Each boy and each girl has got a seat每. 個(gè)男孩和女孩都有一個(gè)座位。Every man and every woman is at work. 每個(gè)男人和女人都在工作。6. one and a half+復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。One and a hal

6、f hours is enough.一 個(gè)半小時(shí)足夠了。7. 一個(gè)動(dòng)詞不定式，動(dòng)名詞，主語從句作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。To see is to believe. 眼見為實(shí)。Doing eye exercises is good for your eyes. 做眼睛保健操對你的眼睛十分有益。兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞不定式，動(dòng)名詞，主語從句作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。What he says and what he does do not agre他e.言行不一。Swimming in summer and skating in winter are his great pleasure夏. 游泳，冬滑雪

7、 是他最大的樂趣。8. a/an+單數(shù)名詞 +or two 作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。A student or two has failed the exam. 一兩個(gè)學(xué)生考試不及格。比較：one or two +復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用用復(fù)數(shù)。One or two students were planting trees yesterday afternoo昨n.天下午有一兩個(gè)學(xué) 生在種樹。9. 當(dāng)主語部分含有 with, together with, along with, as well as, as much as,including,besides, except, but, in

8、 addition to，like,rather than 等介詞或介詞短語時(shí)， 謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式通常由句首主語來決定， 在這樣的句子里， 這些詞所引導(dǎo) 的詞組不影響主語自身的單復(fù)數(shù)形式，它們在句子中其實(shí)是狀語。Mike with his parents has been to England. 邁克同他的父母去過英格蘭。Mike's parents with Mike has been to England. 邁克父母同邁克去過英格蘭。10. 由 and 連接的兩個(gè)單數(shù)名詞作主語時(shí)，一般用復(fù)數(shù)形式，但是（1）如果 and 所連接的并列主語是同一個(gè)人，事物，或概念時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用 單

9、數(shù)。這時(shí)，名詞雖由 and 連接，但只有一個(gè)限定詞： a/the+單數(shù)名詞 +and+單數(shù) 名詞，指的是同一個(gè)人或物， 兩個(gè)限定詞： a/the+單數(shù)名詞 +and a/the+單數(shù)名詞， 指兩個(gè)人或物。The writer and teacher is coming.那位作家兼教師來了。 （作家和教師指同一個(gè)人 ）The writer and the teacher are coming. 作家和老師來了。 （ 作家和老師是兩個(gè)人 ）（2）兩個(gè)單數(shù)名詞用 and 連接表示不可分割的整體做主語時(shí)，位于用單數(shù)， 如：Bread and butter is their daily food面. 包

10、和黃油是他們的日常食物。 這類詞常見有：war and peaceiron and steeltruth and honestya knife and fork（ 3）在 each.and each,every .and every,no .and no,many a .and man等y aand 鏈接并列單數(shù)主語的結(jié)構(gòu)中，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。Every man and every woman has work每. 個(gè)男人和女人都有工作。No sound and no voiceis heard for a long while.很長時(shí)間沒有聽到一點(diǎn)兒聲音。11. people, police等

11、集體名詞作主語， 謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式， family, class, group, team等集體名詞作主語，若指一個(gè)整體時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式，若指一個(gè)具 體成員時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞復(fù)數(shù)形式。People here are very friendly. 這兒的人很友好。His family isn ' t la他rg家e.的 人不多。My family all like watching TV. 我們一家人都喜歡看電視。12. 不定代詞 somebody, someone, something, anybody, anything, everybody, everyone, everythi

12、ng, nobody, no one, nothing 作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。Is everyone here today. 今天大家到齊了嗎？Something is wrong with him. 他有毛病。Nobody was in. 沒有人在家。13. each, either, neither, another, the other 作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。Each of them has an English dictionary. 他們每人都有一本英語詞典。Neither answer is correct. 兩個(gè)答案都不正確。14. 以 s 結(jié)尾的名詞本身不表示復(fù)數(shù)意義，謂語

13、通常用單數(shù)形式，如 news, maths, physics等，No news is good news. 沒有消息就是好消息。Maths is very popular in our class 在我們班數(shù)學(xué)很受歡迎。15. 由 both and連接兩個(gè)單數(shù)名詞作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；由or, either or，neither nor n,ot only but also no,t but 連,接兩個(gè)名 詞或代詞作主語時(shí)，根據(jù)就近原則決定謂語動(dòng)詞形式。Either my wife or I am going.Neither you, nor I, nor anyone else kn

14、ows the answer.Not only you but also he is ready to leave.如果 either, each, neither作主語，則動(dòng)詞為單數(shù)形式。Each of us has his likes and dislikes.Neither of the books is very interesting.16. 如果主語是由 “as eries of, a kind of, a portion of等+名詞 ”構(gòu)成時(shí)，動(dòng)詞一般 用單數(shù)形式。A series of pre-recorded taps has been prepared for langu

15、age laboratory use.但 a variety of, a number of, a group of +名詞復(fù)數(shù)，動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式 ; 而 the number of/the variety of +復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。On exhibition there are a great variety of consumer goods.The number of the students is over eight hundred17. 以 here，there 開頭的句子，若主語在兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上，謂語動(dòng)詞通常與臨近 的主語一致。There is a book and

16、 three pens on the desk.Here are some books and paper for you.18. the+形容詞表示一類人時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式，表示抽象概念時(shí)，用單數(shù) 形式。The poor are very happy, but the rich are sad.The beautiful lives forever. 美是永存的。19.one and a half+復(fù)數(shù)名詞 作主語時(shí)，其謂語用單數(shù)形式One and a half bananas is left on table桌. 子上還有一根半香蕉。20. what引導(dǎo)的主語從句，當(dāng)它表示復(fù)數(shù)意義時(shí)，

17、位于動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。What he wanted are some books他. 想要的只是幾本書。21. 兩個(gè)形容詞共同修飾一個(gè)單數(shù)名詞，若兩個(gè)形容詞都帶有冠詞，作主語時(shí)， 謂語用復(fù)數(shù)；若只有一個(gè)冠詞是，表示一個(gè)人或物，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。The red and the white coat are mine.The black and white cow is mine.22. 由兩部分構(gòu)成的物體： shoes，glasses，trousers， gloves，scissors 等復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語時(shí)，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。His black trousers are too long他. 的那條黑色褲子太長

18、了。 但是，若這類名詞與 a pair連用時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞一般用單數(shù)。There is a pair of glasses on your bed你. 的床上有衣服眼鏡。23. a kind of ，this kind of ,many kinds of+名詞 和名詞+of this kind 以及由 kind 意思相似的 type,sort 等構(gòu)成的的類似的短語作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞與 of 前面的名 詞保持一致，如：A new type of machine is on sale now.Machines of this new type are made in Zhejiang.This kin

19、d of apples is highly priced. 注意：如果種類不是一種而是多種，謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)為復(fù)數(shù)There are many kinds of pearsin shops.24. 主語由肯定及否定兩部分構(gòu)成時(shí)，謂語和肯定部分一致。Not you but I am to answer for it.三、肯定與否定一致下列形容詞、副詞、代詞從肯定句變成否定句時(shí)須作相應(yīng)的變化We've had some (money). I was talking to someone. We haven't had any (money). I wasn't talking t

20、o anyone.They sometimes visit us. They rarely (never, seldom) visit us.He has arrived already. He hasn't arrived yet.Li is coming too. Li isn't coming either.Both of us are going. Neither of us is going.He likes both of them. He doesn't like either of them.注意： so/neither+助動(dòng)詞 +名詞 /代詞結(jié)構(gòu)中須用

21、倒裝語序My wife likes classic music very much and so do I. She doesn't like jazz and neither do I.主謂一致專項(xiàng)練習(xí)題1. Either Jane or Steven watching TV now.A. were B. is C. was D. are2. Two days enough for me to finish the work, I need a third day.A. isn 'tB. isC. aren 'tD. are3. How many lessons do

22、 you usually have a day? Six lessons a day. And each of then 45 minutes.A. lastB. lasts C. have D. are4. Neither Li Ping nor I a basketball player.A. amB. isC. beD. are5. There many new words in lesson one, It is very easy.A. isB. aren 'tC. isn 'tD. are6. The number of the students in our sc

23、hool 1200.A. isB. are C. has D. have7. Maths my favorite subject.A. beB. isC. amD. are8. The boy with the two dogs when the earthquake rocked the city.A. were sleeping B. is sleeping C. was sleeping D. are sleeping9. Every one except Tom and John there when the meeting began.A. are B. is C. wereD. w

24、as10. That place is not interesting at all, of us wants to go there.A. Neither B. Both C. All D. Some11. Nobody but Jane the secret.A. know B. knows C. have know D. is12. What' s on the plate? Some eggs and cakes on it? There some eggs and cakes on it.A. is B. are C. was D. were13. This pair of

25、glasses mine.A. are B. be C. is D. will be14. Both Lily and Lucy to the party yesterday.A. invited B. was invited C. had invited D. were invited15. Two months quite a long time. Yes, I'm afraid that he will miss lots of his lessons.A. is B. are C. was D. were16. In the city the old .A. take good

26、 care ofB. are taken good care ofC. is taken good care of D. are been taken good care of17. His family all very kind and friendly, His family a happy one.A. are, is B. is, isC. are, areD. is, are18. The singer and the dancer come to Beijing.A. has B. have C. are D. is19. The children in this class e

27、ach new school bag.A. have B. has C. has gotD. are having20. All but one here just now.A. is B. was C. has been D. were21. If Bob's wife won't agree to go on holiday in winter, .A. neither he will B. neither won't he C. neither will he D. he won't neither22. I haven't finished my

28、 homework yet. .A. so has he B. Neither he has C. He has too D. He hasn't either23. “ I'm going to visit the Lu Gou Bridge tomorrow.” “ A. I am so B. So am IC. So go ID. So I go24. You as well as he to blame責(zé)（ 備） for the accident （交通事故）.A. are B. isC. haveD. has25. Neither my wife nor I myse

29、lf able to teach my daughter to sing Englishsongs.A. has beenB. isC. are D. am主謂一致練習(xí)題參考答案(1).B (2). A (3). B (4). A (5). B (6). A (7). B (8). C (9). D (10).A (11).B (12).B (13).C (14) D . (15).A (16).B (17).A (18).B (19).A (20) D (21).C (22). D (23). B (24). A (25). D 主謂一致練習(xí)題 2 . 從所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。( )

30、1. Collecting stamps my hobby.A. is B. are C. has D. have( )2. The lady with her little son walking along the lake now.A. is B. are C. was D. were( )3. Both of the twin girls wearing red clothes today.A. is B. are C. want D. wants( )4. Each of the students a Walkman.A. have B. has C. there is D. the

31、re are( )5. All of my money stolen last night.A. is B. was C. has D. have( )6. The police for the robbers now.A. is searching B. are searchingC. is searched D. are searched( )7. Half of the students from abroad.A. is B. are C. comes D. has come( )8. Two kilometers a long way. You' d better take

32、a taxi.A. is B. are C. was D. were( )9. Most of the country grassland.A. there are B. there is C. are D. is( )10. What I have told you a secret. Please don' t tell others.A. are B. is C. keep D. keeps( )11. Not only you but also he the exam.A. was passed B. has passedC. had passed D. is passed(

33、)12. This pair of glasses me well.A. fit B. fitsC. have fitted D. is fitted( )13. Physics a course that every student must take.A. have B. has C. is D. are( )14. Who the two women talking over there?A. is B. are C. was D. be( )15. Every boy and every girl in new clothes today.A. is B. are C. wear D.

34、 dresses( )16. Chinese by the largest number of people.A. is speaking B. speakC. speaks D. is spoken ( )17. A letter sent between computers called an e-mail.A. are B. is C. have D. has ( )18. The population of this town 300, 000.A. are B. is C. have D. has ( )19. What the number of the workers in th

35、e factory?Two thousand. And a large number of them women.A. is; is B. is; areC. are; is D. are; are ( )20. this pair of shoes yours? No. My shoes under the bed.A. Is; is B. Are; areC. Is; are D. Are; is ( )21. In the city the old .A. take good care ofB. are taken good care ofC. is taken good care of

36、D. takes good care of ( )22. The Greens getting ready for their journey.A. is B. prepareC. prepares D. are ( )23. The musician and writer to visit our school.A. is coming B. are comingC. enjoys D. enjoy ( )24. None of the money his.A. belong to B. are C. is D. has( )25. Do you like watching cooking

37、programmes on TV?No, I don ' t, but my twin brother . He's very fond of cooking.A. does B. do C. is D. are( )26. Everyone except Tom and John there when the meeting began.A. are B. is C. were D. was( )27. We ' ve got two TV sets, but works well.A. any B. both C. either D. neither ( )28.

38、The headmaster as well as all the teachers .A. are having a meetingB. have gone to the museumC. is planting trees on the hillD. feel very excited about the prize ( )29. Two fifths of them Young Pioneers.A. is B. are C. join to D. joins ( )30. The music they played very wonderful.A. is B. sound C. ar

39、e D. listens ( )31. you he is able to ski, but I am.A. Both; and B. Not only; but alsoC. Either; or D. Neither; nor( )32. His family all very kind and friendly. His family a happy one.A. are; is B. is; is C. are; are D. is; are( )33. Do you need more time to finish the work? Yes, another ten days en

40、ough.A. are B. is C. were D. was ( )34. How time flies! Ten years passed.A. have B. has C. is D. are( )35. This pair of jeans Tina' s.A. are B. is C. be D. am( )36. How many classes do you usually have a day? Six classes a day. And each of them 45 minutes.A. last B. lasts C. have D. are( )37. Ne

41、ither Li Ming nor I a basketball player.A. am B. isC. belong to D. belongs to ( )38. There many new words in lesson one. It is very easy.A. is B. aren 'Ct. isn 'D.t are ( )39. Nobody but Jane the secret.A. know B. knowsC. don ' t kno wD. have known ( )40. What ' s on the plate? There some eggs and cakes on it.A. is B. are C. was D. were ( )41. All but one here just now.A. is B. was C. has been D. were( )42. Neither the teacher nor the students in the classroom at that moment.A. were B. was C. weren 'D.t wasn 't( )43. There enough food in the fridge.