七選五解題技巧

1、高三英語復(fù)習(xí)專題七選五閱讀補(bǔ)全，即七選五，主要考查學(xué)生對(duì)文章整體內(nèi)容、結(jié)構(gòu)以及上下文邏輯的理解和掌握。七選五文章多以說明文和議論文居多，且結(jié)構(gòu)清晰，過程完整，以達(dá)到考查學(xué)生綜合閱讀能力的要求。一、通讀全文一、通讀全文，理解大意理解大意快速瀏覽全文，尋找主題句，掌握文章結(jié)構(gòu)及主要內(nèi)容?！伴_門見山”與“結(jié)尾總結(jié)”是最常見的寫作方式，因此，在閱讀過程中，要特別注意文章的首尾兩段，這樣可以快速掌握文章的主題。另外，不少文章都有標(biāo)題或小標(biāo)題，通過標(biāo)題我們也可以大致確定文章的主題。二、瀏覽選項(xiàng)二、瀏覽選項(xiàng)，初選答案初選答案在瀏覽完全文，對(duì)全文的大意有所了解后，我們應(yīng)該順次瀏覽一下所有的選項(xiàng)。在瀏覽的過程中

2、，要特別注意選項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)的與原文相同或者相似的詞語，如果遇到這種情況，可以試著把選項(xiàng)代入原文，看看是否符合上下文邏輯。三、詳細(xì)閱讀三、詳細(xì)閱讀，確定答案確定答案文章正文部分通常分為若干小段落。詳細(xì)閱讀，明確各段的主旨，并找出各個(gè)小段落的關(guān)鍵詞，為解題做好鋪墊。然后再明確各選項(xiàng)的含義，抓住其關(guān)鍵詞語。四、對(duì)比分析四、對(duì)比分析，排除干擾排除干擾我們?cè)谶x完答案后，還要注意對(duì)多余選項(xiàng)進(jìn)行對(duì)比分析。由于多余選項(xiàng)可能會(huì)與某個(gè)正確選項(xiàng)的內(nèi)容相近，所以我們要對(duì)其進(jìn)行研究，確定排除理由，從而選出正確答案。五、重讀全文五、重讀全文，驗(yàn)證答案驗(yàn)證答案最后，我們還需要再次通讀全文，檢查文章邏輯是否合理、語義是否清晰、語

3、句是否連貫通暢，從而判斷所選答案是否正確。假如問題出現(xiàn)在段首，它通常是段落主題句。認(rèn)真閱讀后文內(nèi)容，根據(jù)段落一致性原則，查找同義詞或其他相關(guān)的詞，推斷出主題句。1. 問題在段首問題在段首(2014遼寧) 4 As part of a healthy diet, eat more fruits and vegetables each day. Vitamins (維生素) C and E help protect eyesight and promote eye health.A.Eat your greens.解析這是一道小標(biāo)題的試題，反映整個(gè)段落的主旨和大意。這里根據(jù)下文的核心詞匯fruit

4、s and vegetables，Vitamins可知，A項(xiàng)“Eat your greens.(吃點(diǎn)綠色蔬菜)”能夠概括本段大意。故選A項(xiàng)。答案A所選答案應(yīng)引出下一段的內(nèi)容。如果在選項(xiàng)中找不出與前文之間的關(guān)聯(lián)，此時(shí)可考慮與下一段開頭是否有關(guān)聯(lián)。認(rèn)真閱讀下一段開頭幾句，看是否與選項(xiàng)緊密相連。注意在選項(xiàng)中查找表示結(jié)果、結(jié)論、總結(jié)等的信號(hào)詞，如：therefore，as a result，thus，hence，in short，to sum up，to conclude，in a word等詞語，選項(xiàng)中也可發(fā)現(xiàn)前文的同義詞句2. 問題在段尾問題在段尾Making good choices about

5、 your own health requires reasonable evaluation. A key first step in bettering your evaluation ability is to look carefully at your sources of health information. Reasonable evaluation includes knowing where and how to find relevant information, how to separate fact from opinion, how to recognize po

6、or reasoning, and how to analyze information and the reliability of sources. 1 G.The following suggestions can help you sort through the health information you receive from common sources.解析這個(gè)選項(xiàng)是一個(gè)段落的結(jié)尾句，這種選項(xiàng)通常起著總結(jié)上文，提示下文的功能。根據(jù)文章第二段、第三段、第四段的首句可以看出作者提供了一些建議，因此本空引出了下文的多個(gè)建議，故選擇G項(xiàng)。答案G【典例2】(2013北京)In 190

7、0, fewer than 40% of Americans lived in urban areas. Today, over 82% of Americans live in cities. Only about 2% live on farms. 3 B.The rest live in small towns.解析現(xiàn)在有超過82%的美國(guó)人住在城市里，大約有2%的人住在農(nóng)場(chǎng)與B項(xiàng)其余的住在小城鎮(zhèn)里信息一致。答案B(1)從行文邏輯上判斷例證關(guān)系前后句的某句是為了證明另一句而舉的例子。例證的形式具有多樣性，思維過程基本是歸納(從例子到觀點(diǎn))和推理(從觀點(diǎn)到例子)。3. 行文邏輯行文邏輯【典例

8、】(2014遼寧)Protect against UV rays (紫外線).Longterm stay in the sun creates risk to your eyes.No matter what the season is，its extremely important to wear sunglasses. 2 C.They can properly protect your eyes.解析空白處前面的句子“No matter what the season is，its extremely important to wear sunglasses.”意為“無論是什么季節(jié)，戴太

9、陽鏡是極其重要的”，屬于總結(jié)概括句。戴太陽鏡預(yù)防紫外線。選項(xiàng)C意為“它們可以適當(dāng)?shù)乇Ｗo(hù)你的眼睛”，本句是對(duì)上句觀點(diǎn)的舉例說明，能很好地順接語境。故選C。答案C轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系主要指英語行文中后句對(duì)前句構(gòu)成逆轉(zhuǎn)邏輯關(guān)系。如果空格前后兩句話之間有however(然而)，nevertheless(然而，不過)，still(還，仍然)，though(可是，不過，然而)，yet(然而)，on the contrary(正相反)，in contrast(與此相反，相比之下)，in comparison(比較起來，與比較)，by comparison(相比之下)等連接詞，則表明前后兩句話是邏輯上的逆轉(zhuǎn)，空格處很有可

10、能表示轉(zhuǎn)折?！镜淅?2013遼寧)Dont forget to forgive yourself. 5 But it can rob you of your selfconfidence if you dont do it.E. For some people, forgiving themselves is the biggest challenge.解析E項(xiàng)中的信息forgiving themselves與本段的主題“不要忘記原諒你自己”意義一致，并且選項(xiàng)E與后面的句子之間用but連接，有轉(zhuǎn)折的語氣，因此構(gòu)成了一種意義上的對(duì)比關(guān)系，尤其是but這個(gè)詞，更加突出了對(duì)比的意義，因此選項(xiàng)E符合

11、這里的意義和結(jié)構(gòu)。答案E 做題時(shí)最重要的是要在讀懂空格前后的句子的基礎(chǔ)上，依據(jù)彼此的關(guān)系來確認(rèn)答案。【典例】(2013北京)Large cities were impossible until agriculture became industrialized. Even in advanced agricultural societies, it took about ninetyfive people on farms to feed five people in cities. 4 A.That kept cities very small.解析空格的上一句話提到了，即使在先進(jìn)的農(nóng)業(yè)社會(huì)

12、，也需要大約95個(gè)農(nóng)民養(yǎng)活5個(gè)城市人，這只有一個(gè)結(jié)果，就是使得城市很小，與A項(xiàng)信息呼應(yīng)。答案A遞進(jìn)關(guān)系主要指英語行文中后句對(duì)前句是一種順承邏輯關(guān)系。如果空格前后兩句話之間有also(也，而且)，further(進(jìn)一步地，而且)，furthermore(而且，此外)，likewise(同樣地，也)，similarly(相同地，類似地)，moreover(而且，此外)，in addition(另外，加之)，whats more(更重要的是)，not only.but also(不但而且)等連接詞或詞組，則表明前后兩句是邏輯上的遞進(jìn)關(guān)系，空格處很有可能是個(gè)遞進(jìn)的句子?！镜淅?2013北京)Over

13、 the past two centuries, the Industrial Revolution has broken this balance between the city and the country. 5 Today, instead of needing ninetyfive farmers to feed five city people, one American farmer is able to feed more than a hundred nonfarmers.F.Modernization drew people to the cities and made

14、farmers more productive.解析空格前面的一句話提到，在過去的兩個(gè)世紀(jì)里，工業(yè)革命打破了城鄉(xiāng)之間的平衡。后一句話提到，現(xiàn)在的情況不需要95個(gè)農(nóng)民養(yǎng)活5個(gè)城市人了，在美國(guó)一個(gè)農(nóng)民就能養(yǎng)活一百多個(gè)非農(nóng)民，與F項(xiàng)信息，即：“現(xiàn)代化把人們吸引到城市里來，并使得農(nóng)民更加多產(chǎn)”一致。答案F如果空格前后兩句話之間有first(首先，第一)，second(第二)，third(第三)；firstly(第一，首先)，secondly(第二(點(diǎn))，其次)，thirdly(第三)；first(第一)，next(其次)，then(那么，然后)；in the first place(第一，首先)，in

15、 the second place(第二，其次)；for one thing(首先，一則)，for another(其次)；to begin with(首先，第一)，to conclude(最后)等連接詞或詞組，則表明前后兩句是邏輯上的并列關(guān)系，空格處很有可能是個(gè)并列的句子。 【典例】(2013新課標(biāo)全國(guó))One is the establishment (制定) of broad basic policies with respect to production; sales; the purchase of equipment, materials and supplies; and ac

16、counting. 4 The third relates to the establishment of standards of work in all departments.E. The second aspect relates to the application of these policies by departments.解析根據(jù)上文所提到的one和下文所提到的the third可知，這里是按照順序排列，此處應(yīng)該是第二條，與E項(xiàng)The second aspect.相呼應(yīng)。答案E【2015新課標(biāo)全國(guó)II】Training for a marathon requires car

17、eful preparation and steady, gradual increases in the length of the runs. 36 , buy the best-fitting running shoes you can find. No one can say which brand will work best for you or feel best on your feet, so you have to rely on your experience and on the feel of each pair as you shop. When you have

18、found shoes that seem right, walk in them for a few days to double-check the fit. 37 . As always, you should stretch(伸展) at least ten minutes before each run to prevent injuries.During the first week, do not think about distance, but run five minutes longer each day. 38 , it is wise to take a day of

19、f to rest. But during the next week, set a goal of at least a mile and a half per run. 39 . After two weeks, start timing yourself. 40 . Depending on the kind of race you plan to enter, you can set up a timetable for the remaining weeks before the race.A. After six daysB. For a good marathon runnerC

20、. Before you begin your trainingD. With each day, increase the distance by a half mileE. If they still feel good, you can begin running in themF. Time spent for preparation raises the quality of trainingG. Now you are ready out a goal of improving distance and time本文介紹了馬拉松訓(xùn)練需要認(rèn)真的準(zhǔn)備和穩(wěn)定、漸進(jìn)的過程。36. C 根據(jù)

21、第二段中的During the first week可知這里是指訓(xùn)練前的準(zhǔn)備工作。37. E 設(shè)空與前一句是順承關(guān)系。38. A 根據(jù)上文During the first week 和下文take a day off to rest可知，一周七天里訓(xùn)練六天后休息一天是明智的。39. D 根據(jù)本段第一句中的During the first week, do not think about diatance和第二個(gè)But可知，這里要考慮距離的問題了。40. G 設(shè)空處對(duì)上文進(jìn)行總結(jié)，根據(jù)下文的timetable和設(shè)空處前兩句話可知，這里是增加距離和設(shè)定時(shí)間的目標(biāo)。Building Trust in

22、 a Relationship AgainTrust is a learned behavior that we gain from past experiences, 36 .Trust is a risk. But you cant be successful when theres a lack of trust in a relationship that results from an action where the wrongdoer takes no responsibility to fix the mistake.Unfortunately, weve all been v

23、ictims of betrayal. Whether weve been stolen from, lied to , misled, or cheated on, there are different levels of losing trust. Sometimes people simply cant trust anymore, 37. Its understandable, but if youre willing to build trust in a relationship again, we have some steps you can take to get you

24、there.38 having confidence in yourself will help you make better choices because you can see what the best outcome would be for your well-being.39 If youve been betrayed, you are the victim of your circumstance. But theres a difference between being a victim and living with a “victim mentality”. At some point in all of our lives, well have our trust tested or violated.You didnt lose “everything”. Once trust is lost, what is left? Instead of looking at the situation from this hopeless angle, look at everything you still have and be thankful for all of the good in your life. 40 instead, its a