新標(biāo)準(zhǔn)大學(xué)英語綜合教程1課后答案及語法

1、Unit oneActive reading 2Dealing with unfamiliar words4. Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box1. detect 2. admirable 3. subways 4. inadequate 5. scribbling 6. persecution5. Answer the questions about the expressions1.(a) delighted 2.(a) need to be developed with c

2、areful thinking 3.(a) at a time in the future 4.(b) to make someone extremely afraid and nervousLanguage in usewith / without1 Match the uses of with / without with their definitions.1 (a)2 (b)3 (a)4 (c)5 (c)6 (d)2 Rewrite the sentences using with / without .1 Her tutor moves his head from side to s

3、ide. Her tutor spills his coffee into the saucer.With his head moving from side to side, her tutor spills his coffee into the saucer.2 “Splendid,” he says. He doesnt wait for an answer.“Splendid,” he says, without waiting for an answer.3 Frank McCourt speaks in class. He has an Irish accent.Frank Mc

4、Court speaks in class with an Irish accent.4 He plans to go on the subway. He has the books covered in purple and white NYU jackets.He plans to go on the subway with the books covered in purple and white NYU jacket.5 Hes only allowed to take two courses. He isnt told why.Hes only allowed to take two

5、 courses, without being told why.6 He would like to ask a question. He doesnt like to raise his hand.He would like to ask a question without raising his hand.Collocations3 Read the explanations of the words and phrases. Answer the questions.1. climb (a) Because the room is very small.(b) You would c

6、limb into bed if you are so tired that it feels like a huge effort.(c) You would probably need to bend over, and crawl through the hole.2 spill (a)spilt coffee all over your desk You have accidently knocked over a cup/mug and the coffee has gone (uncontrolled) all over the desk. (b)toys spilled out

7、all over the carpetThe toys were in a container, such as a box; either the box is too full so some toys are falling out onto the carpet, or the box has been tipped over so most of the toys have fallen out of the box.(c)crowds were spilling out of the bars and restaurantsMany people are leaving the b

8、ars and restaurants all at once, probably because they are closing for the night. 3. join (a) join a bandWhen they can play a musical instrument and want to play with others.(b) join the unemployed You have lost your job and become unemployed (c) join in You do the same activity that most other peop

9、le are doing.4 burst into (a) burst into tears The writer suddenly started crying.(b) bursts into bloom Flowers, when they suddenly emerge from buds. (c) burst into flames. Put out the flames immediately if you can, or keep well clear and call the emergency services (fire brigade)5 clean (a) a clean

10、 licence This refers to a driving licence. It means that you have been driving safely or at least you have no penalty points on the licence -a person gets such points as a punishment after breaking the law on the roads eg speeding or causing an accident, and the licence then has a note on it (its no

11、t “clean”) and the police have a record.(b) clean language You avoid using swear words or other examples of bad language.(c) a clean bill of health Here this phrase is used metaphorically and means something is working properly, for example, a car might have “a clean bill of health” after a check or

12、 test it is working correctly. 6 easy (a) easy-going An easy-going person behaves, in a relaxed, calm manner with others and is happy to accept things without getting worried or angry.(b) easy on the eye A person who is easy on the eye is pleasant to look at in appearance and in the way they dress.(

13、c) easier said than done When something is easier said than done, it is easy to talk about, but difficult to achieve.(d) take it easy When they tell you to “Take it easy” they can mean either of two things: You should rest and not do things that will make you tired, or you should keep calm, being le

14、ss upset or angry.4. Complete the sentence using the collocations in Activity 31 spill out of 2 burst into tears 3 clean language 4 easier 5 climb through 6 spilt 7 join in 8 burst into bloom 9 clean licence 10 easy on the eye5 Translate the sentences into Chinese.1. Finally, with my mother red in t

15、he face and short of breath, we find Room 8, I unlock the door, and we all walk in.（ 介詞 with 表示狀態(tài)，不必直譯。）等我們終于找到8號房間的時候，媽媽已經(jīng)漲紅了臉，上氣不接下氣。我打開門鎖，我們都走了進去。2. She impresses me, and I feel so ignorant that I shouldnt even breathe the same air as her.她給我留下了深刻的印象，我覺得自己太無知了，甚至不配跟她呼吸同樣的空氣。3. I dont know why I h

16、ave to be introduced to literature but the woman in the admissions office says its a requirement even though Ive read Dostoyevsky and Melville and thats admirable for someone without a high school education.（ 翻譯時將 be introduced to literature 變成主動語態(tài)更通順。） 我不知道為什么我非得了解文學(xué)?？墒钦猩k公室的那位女士說這門課是必修課，即使我讀過陀思妥也夫

17、斯基和梅爾維爾的小說也得選，一個沒上過高中的人能讀這些書的確令人敬佩，但這門課是必修課。4. Im in heaven and the first thing to do is buy the required textbooks, cover them with the purple and white NYU book jackets so that people in the subway will look at me admiringly.（ I am in heaven 不能直譯成“我上了天堂”，這句話應(yīng)意譯。）我樂得飄飄然了，第一件事就是去買所需要的課本，然后用紐約大學(xué)紫白相間的

18、護封把它們套起來，這樣地鐵里的乘客就會向我投來艷羨的目光了。5. Then the professor tells us ideas dont drop fully formed from the skies, that the Pilgrims were, in the long run, children of the Reformation with an accompanying world view and their attitudes to children were so informed.（ 注意兩個 children 的翻譯，第一個需意譯。）接著，教授告訴我們，觀念并不是從

19、天而降的現(xiàn)成品。從長遠(yuǎn)看，清教徒是宗教改革運動的產(chǎn)物，他們繼承了宗教改革運動的世界觀，并且他們對孩子的態(tài)度體現(xiàn)了宗教改革運動的思想。6 Translate the sentences into English1 他們對業(yè)余劇社的介紹給蘇菲留下了深刻的印象，于是她就報了名。(Amateur Dramatics; sign up for)Their introduction of Amateur Dramatics impressed Sophie so much that she signed up for it.2 網(wǎng)絡(luò)教育為全職人員提供了利用業(yè)余時間接受繼續(xù)教育的機會。(work full-

20、time)Online education provides those who work full-time with opportunities to receive further education in their spare time.3 剛上大學(xué)時，他不知道是否需要把老師講的內(nèi)容一字不落地都記下來。(be supposed to do; scribble down)When he first arrived at university, he was not sure whether he was supposed to scribble down every word out

21、of the professors mouth.4 沒人覺察出他隱藏在笑容背后的絕望。(detect)Nobody detects his despair well hidden behind his smile.5 有些學(xué)生能輕松自如地與陌生人交談，可有些學(xué)生卻很難做到這一點。(be easy about)Some students are easy about talking with strangers, while some others find it hard to do so.Unit 2Language in use1 Rewrite the sentences.1 The r

22、estaurant was in a French seaside resort by the Atlantic Ocean. You get excellent seafood from theAtlantic Ocean.The restaurant was in a French seaside resort by the Atlantic Ocean, where you get excellent sea food.2 My father had decided to take me for lunch to a restaurant. He wanted me to try my

23、first oyster.My father, who wanted me to try my first oyster had decided to take me for lunch to a restaurant.3 The oyster was unlike anything I have ever tasted before or since. It was slippery.The oyster, which was slippery, was unlike anything I have ever tasted before or since.4 Chocolate is mad

24、e from the beans of the cacao tree, Theobroma cacao. Theobroma cacao means “foodof the gods”.Chocolate is made from the beans of the cacao tree, Theobroma cacao, which means “food of the gods”.5 The worlds best-selling type of chocolate, milk chocolate, didnt appear until the end of the 19th century

25、. Milk chocolate is sweeter and smoother than dark chocolate.The worlds best-selling type of chocolate, milk chocolate, which is sweeter and smoother than dark chocolate, didnt appear until the end of the 19th century.6 Daniel Peter perfected the process of making milk chocolate. He was Swiss.Daniel

26、 Peter, who was Swiss, perfected the process of making milk chocolate.2 Rewrite the sentences.1 . all sorts of shellfish which were clinging onto each other . all sorts of shellfish clinging onto each other .2 . a battery of implements which were used to crack the shells . a battery of implements us

27、ed to crack and crush the shells .3 a process which was first tried in 1825. a process first tried in 1825.4 Condensed milk is a thick, sweet milk which is sold in cans.Condensed milk is a thick, sweet milk sold in cans.5 Hormones are a chemical substance which is produced by your body.Hormones are

28、a chemical substance produced by your body.word formation3 Form new words with the following words and the prefixes/suffixes in the table.non-: non-fiction non-smoker non-stop-aholic: alcoholic， shopaholic， workaholic-sick: airsick， carsick，seasick-ful: helpful， spoonful4 Answer the questions with t

29、he words you formed in Activity 3.Whats the word for .1 . how you feel if sea makes you ill? (seasick)2 . someone who likes shopping a lot? (shopaholic)3 . what something is if it allows you to achieve something? (helpful)4 . a flight which goes directly from one place to another? (non-stop)5 someon

30、e who doesnt smoke? (non-smoker)6 . writing which is about real people and events, not imaginary ones? (non-fiction)5 Translate the sentences into Chinese.1 Outside the skies were grey and a strong wind was blowing off the sea. It looked as gloomy as I felt.外面，天空是灰色的，海面上刮來一陣強風(fēng)。天氣看起來和我的心情一樣陰郁。2 “Now,

31、 stop complaining, try one oyster for me, then you can have something nice and easy to eat, maybe some prawns with bread and butter,” he suggested, striking a note of compromise for the first time during the whole meal. “好啦，別抱怨了，就給我嘗一只牡蠣，然后你就可以吃些好吃的、順口的東西，比如黃油、面包 加對蝦?！彼嶙h說。吃了這么長時間的飯，他的話里頭一次有了妥協(xié)的意思。3

32、 But with the clear conception which only a ten-year-old boy can have, I still understood that the compromise included eating that oyster, sitting on the side of my fathers plate. 但是，盡管清晰地感覺到了他的妥協(xié)只有一個十歲的男孩才有這樣的感覺，我仍然明白這妥協(xié) 包含著吃掉那只牡蠣，那只放在我父親的盤子邊上的牡蠣。4 The chocolate sets into bars which will easily sna

33、p into pieces and then melt in the mouth.（添加了可可油后）巧克力凝固成易折斷的條塊，入口即化。5 But what accounts for its amazing popularity or even the properties that have made millions of people confess to being chocaholics? 但是，是什么原因使得巧克力出奇地暢銷？又是什么造成了巧克力的上癮特性，致使無數(shù)人承認(rèn)自 己是巧克力癮君子呢？6 Translate the sentences into English.1 他們這

34、兒不賣薯條，如果你想吃，得去肯德基或麥當(dāng)勞。(serve)They dont serve French fries here. If you want it, you have to go to a KFC or McDonalds.402 他揀起一個核桃，想用錘子把它砸開，可沒想到卻把它砸爛了。(crack; crush)He picked up a walnut and tried to crack it with a hammer, but instead he crushed it.3 由于雨后道路又濕又滑，今天早上路上行車比較緩慢。(slippery)As the roads are

35、 wet and slippery after the rain, the traffic is rather slow this morning.4 當(dāng)金子加熱融化后，他們把金水倒進模子，鑄成金條。(melt; mould)When the gold was heated and melted, they poured it into a mould to form a gold bar.5 他承認(rèn)是他打破了教室的窗玻璃。(admit to)He admitted to breaking the window of the classroom.5 令我們欣喜的是，新的經(jīng)濟計劃開始對經(jīng)濟發(fā)展產(chǎn)

36、生積極影響。(haveeffect on)To our delight, the new economic policy is beginning to have a positive effect on the economy.Unit ThreeActive Reading (2)5 Complete the passage with the words in Activity 4.Writing an essay requires a number of special skills. One of these is to (1) transfer information from di

37、fferent sources into a single, short document. Another is to present an argument which is (2) logical and easy to understand. And, of course, to be (3) effective an essay should be properly planned and researched. Luckily, the Internet can help you with this research. Most students these days (4) in

38、tegrate their own reading of a subject with Internet searches.But it is not easy to use the Internet. You should always be (5) critical of what you find and not just use the first web page. A quick search of the Web for a particular topic may (6) generate thousands of hits, but you must be able to (

39、7) identify the information you need. You should be able to (8) recall where you found it too, because it is important to refer to your sources of information. And finally, you need to be (9) creative because an essay should be an original piece of work.Language in usemuch1 Match the sentences with

40、the uses of much .I dont think much of that.(b)I much prefer people do as theyre told. (c)Hardly anyone has been encouraged, much less trained, to think for themselves (a)2 Rewrite the sentences using not think much of.1 I didnt think that lesson was very good.I didnt think much of that lesson.2 Non

41、e of us like the timetable weve been given for this term.None of us think much of the timetable weve been given for this term.3 Im afraid Ive got strong doubts about what Ive written.Im afraid I dont think much of what Ive written.4 Our professor is always criticizing this book.Our professor doesnt

42、think much of this book.5 I dont like the theme of this weeks essay.I dont think much of the theme of this weeks essay.6 I dont agree with Honey and Mumfords ideas about learning types.I dont think much of Honey and Mumfords ideas about learning types.3 Rewrite the sentences adding much in the corre

43、ct place.1 Id rather work in the library than in my room.Id much rather work in the library than in my room.2 Li would rather work with a friend than on her own.Li would much rather work with a friend than on her own.3 Personally I prefer taking notes to being given photocopies.Personally I much pre

44、fer taking notes to being given photocopies. 4 Some people would rather start writing straight away than spend a lot of time reading.Some people would much rather start writing straight away than spend a lot of time reading.Now write two more sentences about your own study preferences. Use much rath

45、er and much prefer.1I would much rather listen to lectures than read the lecture notes.2I would much prefer asking questions after class to asking questions in class.4 Rewrite the sentences using much less .1 I cant even say two words in Chinese, so I definitely cant speak the language.I cant even s

46、ay two words in Chinese, much less speak the language.2 Basic study skills are often not taught here, and certainly not practised.Basic study skills are often not taught here, much less practised.3 Nobody has even started the essay, let alone finished it.Nobody has even started the essay, much less

47、finished it.4 Hardly anyone in the room heard what the lecturer was saying, and so of course they didnt understand him.Hardly anyone in the room heard what the lecturer was saying, much less understand him.5 I havent got a PC in my room, so obviously I havent got an Internet connection.I havent got

48、a PC in my room, much less an Internet connection.6 I didnt dare say anything after the lesson, let alone criticize what he said.I didnt dare say anything after the lesson, much less criticize what he said.while / when + participle5 Rewrite the sentences.1 When you choose a course, think about the a

49、mount of study it will require.When choosing a course, you may think about the amount of study it will require.2 When you are writing an essay, you should keep in mind the main theme.When writing an essay, you should keep in mind the main theme.3 Always keep a record of your sources when you do rese

50、arch on the Internet.Always keep a record of your sources when doing research on the Internet.4 Our lecturer uses PowerPoint while he is explaining basic concepts.Our lecturer uses PowerPoint while explaining basic concepts.5 I had a brilliant idea while I was sitting in the library this morning.I h

51、ad a brilliant idea while sitting in the library this morning.subject-verb inversion6 Rewrite the sentences using if.1 Had I known what this weeks lecture was about, I wouldnt have gone.If I had known what this weeks lecture was about, I wouldnt have gone.2 I would have corrected the work had I noti

52、ced the mistake.I would have corrected the work, if I had noticed the mistake.3 Had you thought about this a little earlier, you wouldnt be in trouble now.If I had thought about this a little earlier, you wouldnt be in trouble now.4 Had he shared his ideas with us, we would have made some progress.I

53、f he had shared his ideas with us, we would have made some progress.5 They would have improved the facilities had they received more money from the government.They would have improved the facilities, if they had received more money from the government.7 Complete the sentences about yourself using th

54、e inversion structure Had I + verb.1 I would have enjoyed myself more had I had a higher university entrance exam score for studying in the computer science subject.2 Had I known this football match, I would have made different arrangements for the weekend.3 I wouldnt have worked so hard had I known

55、 the exam was so easy.4 Had I received this colleges information earlier, I would have gone to a different college.8 Translate the sentences into Chinese.1 When was the last organizational vision statement you saw that included the words “ to develop ourselves into a model environment in which every

56、one at every level can think for themselves”? ( 注意 can 的譯法，在上下文中，這個字不指“能”，而是指“可以”。) “在我們周圍逐漸培育出一個可供人們效仿的環(huán)境，使各個層次的人都有獨立思考的空間?！蹦闵弦淮慰吹桨鲜鲎盅鄣臋C構(gòu)前景展望報告是在什么時候？2 Had she affirmed our intelligence first and spoken about the joy of thinking for ourselves, had she not fanned our fear of her, we would all have learned even more powerfully what it meant to do ourthinking. And we might have been able to think well around her too. ( 抽象詞翻譯：learned evenmore powerfully 的直譯是“更強有力地學(xué)到”，不太好懂，最好意譯。) 要是她一開始就肯定我們的聰明才智，給我們講講獨立思考的樂趣，要是她沒有激起我們對她的恐 懼，我們大家就能更深切地體會到獨立思考的意義；而且，即便她在場，我