小升初英語語法集錦

1、知識點二:小升初必會語法 (2-“out of” 用法. 知識點十:小升初必會語法 (10-In的用法. 知識點四:小升初必會語法 (4-As的用法知識點一:小升初必會語法 (1-go的用法 “ 三點談 ”知識點五:小升初必會語法 (5-Happen 用法小結(jié)知識點六:小升初必會語法 (6-call用法小結(jié)小升初必會語法 (13-動詞 like 的常見用法小升初必會語法 (15-have的用法小升初必會語法 (14-英語動詞后加 Ving 形式知識點七:小升初必會語法 (7-沒有比較級的形容詞和副詞知識點八:小升初必會語法 (8-形容詞、副詞及比較級最高級知識點九:小升初必會語法 (9-形容詞

2、比較級用法知識點三:小升初必會語法 (3-區(qū)分 where , which , that , who , whose , what 的用法16小升初必會語法 (16-in, put on, wear , dress, have on, pull on 用法 辨析12小升初必會語法 (12-反意疑問句練習11小升初必會語法 (11-規(guī)則動詞的過去式及發(fā)音17小升初必會語法 (17-服飾常用英語單詞1. 知識點一:小升初必會語法 (1-go的用法 “ 三點談 ”大家都知道單詞 go 的基本含義是 “ 去 ” ,根據(jù)它的基本用法,我們可以從三個方面加 以總結(jié)。請看:一、 go 與 to 一起構(gòu)成動詞

3、短語,后接地點名詞,表示 “ 去 ” 。如: go to the playground去操場go to school去上學go to the park去公園go to Beijing去北京二、 go 后接表示地點的副詞,表示 “ 去 ” 。如:go there去那兒go home回家三、 go 后接動詞的 -ing 形式,表示 “ 去做 ” 。如:go shopping去購物go swimming去游泳go fishing去釣魚go hiking去徒步旅行2. 知識點二:小升初必會語法 (2-“out of” 用法在下列兩個句子中, out of的意思截然不同:Is honesty going

4、 out of style?Are these just two stories out of many?在 “ 難道誠實正在變得不合時宜了嗎 ? ” 中, out of表示 “ 跟不上 ” , “ 脫離 ” 的意思 ; 在 “ 這些 僅是許多故事中的兩個嗎 ? ” 一句中, out of表示部分關(guān)系。在短語介詞中, out of 表示的意思很多,其用法也頗為復雜。靈活地、有規(guī)律地掌握 其用法,對學好英語大有裨益,現(xiàn)將其用法歸納如下:1. 表示地點 (從里向外 Fish can not live out of water.魚離開了水就不能活。This animal is not found o

5、ut of certain areas in Africa.這種動物只在非洲某些地區(qū) 有。 (在非洲的某些地區(qū)之外,是沒有這種動物的。 This plant is situated only five miles out of the city.那個工廠離市區(qū)僅五英里。 2. 表示動作或運動的方向As we pulled out of the garage, I saw the gun pointing against the carwindow.當我們把車開出車庫時,我看見那支槍頂住了車窗玻璃。They walked out of the supermarket.他們走出了超級市場。3. 表

6、示部分關(guān)系This will happen in nine cases out of ten.這種情況十之八九會發(fā)生。This is but one instance out of many.那只不過是許多例子中的一個而已。4. 表示 “ 在 范圍以外 ” , “ 越出 界限之外 ”The ship is out of sight.船已看不見了。They sang out of tune.他們唱得走了調(diào)。This plan is out of the ordinary.這是一個非凡的計劃。5. 表示 “ 出于 動機 ” , “ 由于 原因 ”The traffic accident was o

7、ut of carelessness in driving.這起交通事故是由于粗心駕 駛所致。The treatment of the topic is out of necessity much condensed.由于需要,關(guān)于 這個問題的闡述已大加壓縮。6. 表示竭盡和缺乏We are out of tea.我們的茶葉用完了。This book is out of print.這本書絕版了。That novel is out of stock.那本小說脫銷了。7. 表示材料或來源He made the box out of old planks.他用舊木板做了箱子。This paragr

8、aph is out of Marx's works in the original.這一段引自馬克思原著。 8. 與某些動詞連用,表示 “ 放棄 ” , “ 喪失 ”He talked his wife out of buying a new bicycle.他說服他的妻子不要買新自行車。I couldn't persuade him out of the resolution.我沒能說服他改變決心。另外, out of與其他詞可以構(gòu)成許多非常有用的、常見的固定詞組,這些詞組有:out of accord with(與 不一致 ; 同 不協(xié)調(diào) , out of action(

9、失去作用,停止運動 , out of all relation to(和 毫無關(guān)系 , out of balance(失去平衡 , out of breath(上氣不接 下氣 , out of character(不相稱, 不適當 , out of control(失去控制 , out of date(過時 , out of doubt(確定無疑 , out of fashion(不合時尚 , out of gear(脫節(jié),失調(diào) , out of harmony(不和諧 , out of kindness(出于好意 , out of necessity(出于必要 , out oforder(不

10、整齊,次序顛倒 , out of one's power(力所不及 , out of place(不適當,不相 稱 , out of question(毫無疑問 , out of the question(不可能,成問題 out of shape(變 形 , out of step(失調(diào), 不同步 , out of sympathy with(出于對 的同情 , out of touch with(與 脫離接觸 , out of true(不誠實,不準確 , out of work(失業(yè) 等。3. 知識點三:小升初必會語法 (3-區(qū)分 where , which , that , wh

11、o , whose , what 的用法3.用來說明主句中某一名詞或代詞 (有時也可說明整個主句或主句中一部分 而起定語作 用的句子叫作定語從句。一 . 詞引導的定語從句1. 關(guān)系代詞用來指代先行詞是人或物的名詞或代詞句子成分 用于限制從句或非限制性從句 只用于限制性從句代替人 代替物 代替人或物主語 Who which that主語 Whom which that賓語 Whose(=of whom whose(=of which例 1:This is the detective who came from London.例 2:The book which I am reading is w

12、ritten by Tomas Hardy.例 3:The desk whose leg is broken is very old.例 4:This is the room that Shakespeare was born in.2. 關(guān)系代詞的用法(1 如果先行詞是 all, much, anything, something, nothing, everything, little, none 等不定代詞,關(guān)系代詞一般只用 that ,不用 which 。例如:All the people that are present burst into tears.(2 如果先等詞被形容詞最高

13、級以及 first, last, any, only, few, mush, no, some, very等詞修飾,關(guān)系代詞常用 that, 不用 which, who,或 whom 。例如:(3 非限制性定語從句中,不能用關(guān)系代詞 that, 作賓語用的關(guān)系代詞也不能省略。例 如:There are about seven million people taking part in the election, most of whom 、 are well educated.(4 which還有一種特殊用法,它可以引導從句修飾前面的整個主句,代替主句所表示 的整體概念或部分概念。 在這種從句

14、中, which 可以作主語, 也可以作賓語或表語, 多數(shù)情 況下意思是與 and this 相似,并可以指人。例如:He succeeded in the competition, which made his parents very happy.(5 that可指人或物,在從句中作表語, (指人作主語時多用 who 僅用于限制性定語從 句中。(6 which可作表語,既可指人,以可指物。指人時,一般指從事某種職業(yè)或是有種特 征 . 品性或才能的人。 Which 引導的定語從句可以限制性的,也可以是非限制性的。 (7 如果作先作詞的集體名詞著眼于集體的整體, 關(guān)系代詞用 which; 若是

15、指集體中的各 個成員,則用 who 。(8 先行詞有兩個,一個指人,一個指物,關(guān)系代詞應該用 that 。例如:The boy and the dog that are in the picture are very lovely.(9 如果先行詞是 anyone, anybody, everyone, everybody, someone, somebody,關(guān)系代詞應該用 who 或 whom ,不用 which 。例如:Is there anyone here who will go with you?3. “ 介詞 +關(guān)系代詞 “ 是一個普遍使用的結(jié)構(gòu)(1 “ 介詞 +關(guān)系代詞 “ 可

16、以引導限制性定語從句,也可以引導非限制性定語從句。 “ 介詞 +關(guān)系代詞 “ 結(jié)構(gòu)中的介詞可以是 in, on, about, from, for, with, to at, of, without 等,關(guān) 系代詞只可用 whom 或 which, 不可用 that 。(2 from where為 “ 介詞 +關(guān)系副詞 “ 結(jié)構(gòu),但也可以引導定語從句。例如:We stood at the top of the hill, from where we can see the town.(3 像 listen to, look at, depend on, pay attention to, ta

17、ke care of等固定短語動 詞,在定語從句中一般不宜將介詞與動詞分開。例如:This is the boy whom she has taken care of.二 . 關(guān)系副詞引導的定語從句1. 關(guān)系副詞也可以引導定語從句關(guān)系副詞在從句中分別表示時間 . 地點或原因。 關(guān)系副詞 when 在從句中充當時間狀語, where 充當?shù)攸c狀語, why 充當原因狀語。2. that可引導定語從句表示時間 . 地點或原因That 有時可以代替關(guān)系副詞 when, where 或者 why 引導定語從句表示時間 . 地點或 原因,在 that 引導的這種定語從句中, that 也可以省去。三 .

18、 限制性定語從句與非限制性定語從句1. 二者差異比較限制定語從句緊跟先行詞, 同先行詞這間一般不加逗號, 僅修飾先行詞, 可以由關(guān)系代 詞 . 關(guān)系副詞或 that 來引導。非限制性定語從句僅作補充或說明,用逗號與主句隔開,既可 修飾先行詞,又可修飾整個主句,不可用 that 引導。2. 關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的選擇依據(jù)(1 弄清代替先行詞的關(guān)系詞在從句中作什么成分 , 作狀語的應選用關(guān)系副詞,作主語 . 賓語或表語的可選用關(guān)系代詞。3. 先行詞與定語從句隔離定語從句一般緊跟在先行詞之后, 但定語從句與先行詞之間有時也會插入別的成分, 構(gòu) 成先行詞與定語從句的隔離。例如:1 This is the

19、 article written by him that Is poke to you about.2 He was the only person in this country who was invited四 .As 在定語從句中的用法1. 引導限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句(1as多與 such 或 the same連用,可以代替先行詞是人或物的名詞。(2as 也可單獨使用,引導非限制性定語從句,作用相當于 which 。例如:The elephant s nose is like a snake, as anybody can see.(3the same that與 the sa

20、me as 在意思上是不同的。2.As 引導的非限制性定語從句的位置as 引導的非限制性定語從句位置較靈活,可以位于主句前面 . 中間或后面,一般用逗號 與主句隔開,但 which 所引導的非限制性定語從句只能放在主句之后。例如:(1 As is expected, the England team won the football match.(2 The earth runs around the sun, as is known by everyone.4. 知識點四:小升初必會語法 (4-As的用法4.一、作副詞,意為 “ 相同地 ” , “ 同樣地 ” 。例如:They don t

21、have as many airplanes. 他們沒有同樣多的飛機。二、作連詞,1. 引導時間狀語從句as 與 when , while 都是引導時間狀語從句的從屬連詞,含義都是 " 當 的時候 " 。但 它們有區(qū)別 :(1. when 作 “ 當 的時候 ” 解,可以指較短的 (一點 時間 , 也可指一段時間。從句的動 作可以與主句的動作同時發(fā)生,也可以先于主句的動作發(fā)生。例如 :John was having his dinner when I saw him. 當我看到約翰的時候,他正在吃飯。 She can write only when the baby is

22、asleep. 只有嬰兒睡著的時候,她才能寫作。 (2. while常表示一段較長的時間或一個過程,強調(diào)主句謂語動詞與從句謂語動詞同時 發(fā)生或在從句動作過程中發(fā)生。例如 :We must strike while the iron is hot. 要趁熱打鐵。While we were reading, the teacher came in. 我們正在讀書的時候, 老師走了進來。 (3. 但屬下列情形時,只用 as, 而不用 when 或 while 。 用于表示同一個人的兩種動作交替進行 , 指 “ 一邊 , 一邊 ” 。例如 :The girl dances as she sings o

23、n the stage.那個女孩在舞臺邊唱歌邊跳舞。He looked behind from time to time as he went forward. 當他朝前走時,不時地 向后看。 表示兩個同步發(fā)展的動作或行為 , 譯為 “ 隨著 ” 。例如 :As time went on / by, she became more and more worried. 隨著時間的流逝,她 變得越來越焦慮。As he grew older, he became more intelligent. 隨著他年齡的增長,他變得更有才 智了。 表示兩個短促行為或事件幾乎同時發(fā)生。例如 :I thought

24、 of it just as you opened your mouth. 恰好在你開口時,我想到了它。 Just as the flying worm hit her face, she gave a loud cry. 恰巧在飛蟲撞到她臉上 時,她大哭起來。2. 引導原因狀語從句as , because , since 都可以表示因果關(guān)系,連接原因狀語從句,含義是 “ 因為,由于 ” , 但它們有區(qū)別:because 表示的語氣最強 ;as 一般放在句首,語氣較弱,較口語化 ;since 常 常用在書面語中,表示多為對方已知的、或稍加分析便可得知的原因,有時可譯作 “ 既然 ” 。 例如:

25、I do it because I like it. 我做這件事是因為我喜歡。Since many of the customers work during the day, Billy has to collect themoney at night. 因為許多顧客白天上班 , 所以畢利只好晚上去收錢。As she has been ill perhaps she'll need some help. 她由于生病可能需要些幫助。 3. 引導讓步狀語從句as 與 although (或 though , however (或 no matter how等都可以引導讓步狀語從 句,含義是

26、 “ 雖然,盡管 ” ,但它們有區(qū)別:although 語氣稍正式些,可放在句首,也可放 在句中,主句中不能再用 but ,但可以用 yet;as 所表示的語氣較強,引導的讓步狀語從句 用倒裝語序 ;however 引導讓步狀語從句時, 它的后面可跟形容詞或副詞, 也要用倒裝語序。 例如:Although they are poor they are happy. 雖然他們很窮,但很快樂。Angry as he was, he managed to speak calmly. 雖然他很生氣, 但是他講話很平靜。 However hard the question is, he can answ

27、er it. 不管問題有多難他都能回答。 注意:當 as 引導讓步狀語從句時,句子的倒裝語序有以下三種形式:(1. 形容詞或副詞 +as+主語 +連系動詞 be 或?qū)嵙x動詞。例如:Rich as he is, he never spends a cent on clothes. 雖然他很富有,但他從不花一分 錢在衣服上。Much as I admire his courage, I don t think he acted wisely. 我雖然佩服他的勇 氣,但我認為他這樣做是不聰明的。(2. 名詞 +as+主語 +連系動詞 be (注意句首的名詞不帶冠詞 。例如:Child as he i

28、s, he knows a lot. 盡管他是個孩子,但懂很多事情。Boy as he was, he was chosen king. 盡管他還是個孩子,但卻被立為國王。 (3. 實義動詞 +as+主語 +助動詞 如果沒有助動詞,則要加上一個 do(does或 did。 例如:Try as he may, he never succeeds. 盡管他很努力,但總是不成功。Change your mind as you will, you will gain no additional support. 即使你改變 主意,你也不會得到另外的支持。4. 引導方式狀語從句,意為 “ 如 ” , “

29、 像 ” , “ 按照 的方式 ” 。如 :I want you to tell my friend your very interesting experience exactly as you have told it to me. 我想讓你像給我講述的那樣,給我的朋友講一講你那段極其有趣的經(jīng)歷。 Remember, you must do everything as I do. 記住,你必須按照我做的那樣做一切。 注意:like 在非正式語體中可以有與 as 相同的用法。如:I can t sing like I used to.我不能像以前那樣唱歌了。He writes just li

30、ke his brother did when he was young. 他現(xiàn)在寫文章正像他哥哥 年輕時寫文章一樣。5. 引導比較狀語從句 , 用于 “ as.as. 或 not so/ as.as.” 中 , 前一個 as 是副詞 , 后一個 as 是連詞,意為 “ 如 (不如 一樣 ” 。如 :(1. You hate her as much as I (=as I hate her.(2. I don't speak English so/ as well as he does.注意:句中連詞 as 后面的代詞實際是省略了與主句相同的部分,即例 (1可以寫成 You hate

31、her as much as I hate her. 如果很明顯就能看出所省略的部分,意義不會含糊不清 時, 在口語中也可以用代詞的賓格形式。 例:At your age you can t expect to play football as well as me (= as I do.但例 (1就不能改 I 為 me ,改后意思就變?yōu)?You hate her as much as you hate me. 你恨她像恨我一樣深 ; 而原句的意思為:你恨她像我恨她一樣深。 三、作代詞as 作關(guān)系代詞的用法關(guān)系代詞 as 引導定語從句時, 既可以單獨使用, 也可以與其他詞連用, 其用法要比 t

32、hat 和 which 更為復雜。1. as引導定語從句與其他詞連用(1. 用于 the same.as結(jié)構(gòu)中This is the same watch as I have lost. 這塊手表跟我丟失的那塊一樣。(2. 用于 such.as 結(jié)構(gòu)中I don t like such novels as you recommend. 我不喜歡你推薦的那些小說。 (3. 用于 "so +adj. + a/an + n. (單數(shù) + as "結(jié)構(gòu)中I am not so strong a man as I was. 我已經(jīng)沒有從前那么強壯了。2. as單獨引導定語從句as 單

33、獨引導定語從句時,先行詞可以是一個詞,也可以是一個句子或短語。例如:(1 She is late, as is often the case. 她遲到了,這是經(jīng)常的事。 (先行詞是整個主句 (2 To shut your eyes to facts, as many of you do, is foolish. 對事實視而不見 -你 們好多人都是如此的愚蠢。 (先行詞是不定式短語 注意 1:(1. 當 as 引導的定語從句位于具有否定意義的主句之前時, as 從句所修飾的 范圍是整個主句的內(nèi)容,也就是說,把否定意義也包括在內(nèi)。例如:As has been said above, grammar

34、 is not a set of dead rules. 正如前面所說,語法 不是一套死條文。(2. 當 as 引導的定語從句位于具有否定意義的主句之后時, as 從句所修飾的范圍不包 括否定意義。例如:Spiders are not insects, as many people think. = Spiders are not insects. But many people think they are. 許多人認為蜘蛛是昆蟲,但蜘蛛并不是昆蟲。(3. 當 as 引導的定語從句位于具有否定意義的主句中間時, as 從句所修飾的范圍也不 包括否定意義。例如:She did not, as

35、her friend had feared, open the case. 她沒有打開盒子,而她的朋 友就是怕她當面打開盒子。注意 2: 當修飾句子的非限制性定語從句位于句尾時, as 可以用 which 來替代。例如: I live a long way from work, as (which you know. 我住得離工作單位很遠,這你是 知道的。但是,當 as 從句位于句首或句中是, as 就不能用 which 來替代了。例如:As you will find out, I will never let you down. 你將會發(fā)現(xiàn),我絕不會使你失望的。 Taiwan is, as

36、 you know, an inseparable part of China. 你們知道,臺灣是中國不可 分割的一部分。此外,如果主句為否定句,則位于句末和句中的 as 從句所修飾的范圍并不包括主句的 否定意義,此時, as 也不能用 while 來替代。例如:Greenland was not a continent, as people thought. 格陵蘭并不像人們所想象的那 樣是一個大陸。四、作介詞,1. 表示 “ 好像 (某人 ” ,例如 :They entered the building disguised as cleaners. 他們化裝成清潔工人的模樣進入 大樓。2.

37、 表示 “ 作為,當作 ” ,例如:I found a job as a teacher. 我找了一份教師的工作。3. 表示 “ 當某人是 (某身份 時。例如:As a child, she was sent to three different countries. 她兒時去過三個不同的國家。 4. 表示 “ 因某人是 (某身份 ” ,例如:As her private secretary he has access to all her correspondence. 他是她的私人 秘書,能接觸到她所有的信件。注意 1:as 引導的介詞短語大多用作狀語, as 譯為 " 作為 &

38、quot; ,少數(shù)情況可引起賓語補足 語。例如 :As a Party member, I'll take the lead in everything. (狀語 She works as a nurse. (狀語 Tom has me as one of his best friends. (引起賓語補足語 注意 2:as 和 like 都可以作介詞,但意義不同。 as 表示 “ 以實際的身份或地位 ” 。 like 則表示 “ 與 相似,以與 相類似的方式 ” 。例如:(1. He spoke as a teacher.(2. He spoke like a teacher.句 (

39、1的意思是:“ 他作為老師發(fā)言 ” 或 “ 他以老師的身份發(fā)言 ” 。句 (2的意思是:“ 他講話 很像是老師 ” 。五、用于一些固定搭配1. as good as差不多,幾乎Don t worry, the matter s as good as settled. 別擔心,問題差不多已經(jīng)解決了。 When the car was repaired, it looked as good as new. 這輛汽車修理好的時候,看 起來差不多就像新的一樣。2. as if /as though 似乎 ; 好像He behaved as if nothing had happened. 他裝著若無其

40、事的樣子。She treats him as though he was her own son. 她待他好像待自己的兒子一樣。 另外, as if可以接一個動詞不定式短語。例如:He waved his hand to me as if to have something to tell me. 他向我揮手好像有 什么要告訴我。3. as well as 同 (一樣也 ; 和 ; 還Joan can speak Chinese as well as English. 瓊能講英語還能講漢語。He spent all his money, as well as wasting his time.

41、 他不僅浪費了時間,還花光了 他所有的錢。4. such.as, such as 像 這樣的I bought a lot of fruits, such as apples, oranges, bananas and so on. 我買了許多 種水果,像蘋果,桔子,香蕉等。We had such books as you never saw. 我們有一些你從未看過的書。5. as for 至于某人 (某事物 We had a delightful weekend in the country. As for the traffic, we had no difficulty. 在鄉(xiāng)下我們度過了

42、一個愉快的周末。至于交通,我們沒遇到任何困難。 6. as to 關(guān)于某事物 ; 提到某事物I don't know anything as to the others. 至于其他,我一無所知。7. so as to . 以便 , 為了Students should take notes so as to make revision easier. 學生應當記筆記,以便 容易復習。8. as a matter of fact 其實 ; 實際上As a matter of fact, I m very fond of housework. 其實,我很喜歡做家務。9. as a resul

43、t 結(jié)果 (發(fā)生某種情況 As a result, he had been given an excellent job. 結(jié)果, 他得到了一份極好的工作。 10. as long as 只要You may borrow this book as long as you promise to give it back. 只要你答應歸 還,你就可以把這書借走。總之,通過以上的分析,我們對 as 的詞性和用法有了比較全面的理解和把握,才能在 實際的運用中做到心中有數(shù),應付自如。鞏固練習1. She had a tense expression on her face, _she were expe

44、cting trouble. A. even though B. even as C. as though D. now that2. A good many proposals were raised by the delegates, _was to be expected.A. that B. what C. so D. as3. _might be expected, the response to the question was very mixed. A. As B. That C. It D. What4. Americans eat _as they actually nee

45、d every day.A. twice as much protein B. twice protein as muchC. twice protein as much D. protein as twice much5. The trumpet player was certainly loud. But I wasn't bothered by his loudness _by his lack of talent.A. than B. more than C. as D. so much as6. Studies show that the things that contri

46、bute most to a sense of happinesscannot be bought, _a good family life, friendship and work satisfaction. A. as for B. in view of C. in case of D. such as7. _he works hard, I don't mind when he finishes the experiment. A. As soon as B. So far as C. As well as D. As long as8. _the danger from ene

47、my action, people had to cope with a severe shortage of food, clothing, fuel and almost everything.A. As long as B. As far as C. As soon as D. As well asKey: 1-5 CDAAD 6-8 DDD高考真題直練1. It is generally believed that teaching is _it is a science.A. an art much as B. much an art asC. as an art much as D

48、. as much an art as2. She doesn't speak _her friend, but her written work is excellent.A. as well as B. so often as C. so much as D. as good as3. The piano in the other shop will be _, but _.A. cheaper; not as better B. more cheap; not as betterC. cheaper; not as good D. more cheap; not as good4

49、. After supper she would sit down by the fire, sometimes for _an hour, thinking of her young and happy days.A. as long as B. as soon as C. as much as D. as many as5. With the help of the German experts, the factory produced _ cars in 1993 as the year before.A. as twice many B. as many as twiceC. as

50、twice as many D. twice as many6. After the new technique was introduced, the factory produced_ tractors in 1988 as the year before.A. as twice many B. as many twice C. twice as many D. twice many as7. _, he doesn't study well.A. As he is clever B. He is as clever C. Clever as he is D. As clever

51、he is8. _, he was unable to make much progress.A. Hard as he try B. Hard as he triedC. As he tried hard D. He tried hard9. Tom kept quiet about the accident _ lose his job.A. so not as to B. so as not to C. so as to not D. not so as to10. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if i

52、t _.A. breaks B. has broken C. were broken D. had been broken11. _ is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month.A. It B. As C. That D. What12. _ is known to all, China will be an _ and powerful country in 20 or 30 years' time.A. That; advancing B. This; advanced C. As

53、; advanced D. It; advancing13. He doesn't believe _things _ you do.A. the same; as B. the same; with C. as same; as D. as same; with14. _ is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior high schools is increasing.A. Which B. As C. That D. ItKey: 1-5 DACAD 6-10 CCBBC 11-14 BCAB5. 知識點五:小升

54、初必會語法 (5-Happen 用法小結(jié)5.生活中什么事都可能會 “ 發(fā)生 (happen” 。那么,你知道怎樣使用 happen 這個詞嗎 ? 下面 我們就對 happen 的用法作一小結(jié)。happen 是不及物動詞,它的用法常見的有如下幾種情況:1. 表示 “ 某地 (某時 發(fā)生了什么事 ” , 常用 “ sth.+ happen +地點 /時間 ” 這一結(jié)構(gòu)來表達, 此時主語應是事情。例如:The story happened in 2003. 這個故事發(fā)生在 2003年。An accident happened in that street. 那條街上發(fā)生了一起事故。2. 表示 “ 某

55、人出了某事 (常指不好的事 ” , 要用 “ sth.+ happen+to sb.” 這一結(jié)構(gòu)來表達。 例如:A car accident happened to her this morning. 今天上午她發(fā)生了交通事故。 What happened to you? 你怎么啦 ?3. 表示 “ 某人碰巧做某事 ” ,要用 “ sb.+ happen+ to do sth.” 這一結(jié)構(gòu)來表達。例如: I happened to meet a friend of mine in the street yesterday. 昨天我碰巧在街上遇 到了我的一個朋友。4. happen表示 “ 碰巧

56、或恰巧發(fā)生某事 ” 時,還可用 “ It happens / happened that.” 這 一結(jié)構(gòu)來表達。例如:It happened that Brian and Peter were at home that day. 碰巧那天布萊恩和彼得 在家了。It happened that he had to take part in a meeting that afternoon. 碰巧那天下午 他不得不參加一個會議。注:that 從句中的主語是人時, 此種結(jié)構(gòu)可以與 “ sb.+ happen + to do sth.” 結(jié)構(gòu)互換。 例如:It happened that Brian

57、and Peter were at home that day. = Brian and Peter happened to be at home that day.6. 知識點六:小升初必會語法 (6-call 用法小結(jié)1.call 用法小結(jié)call 既可用作動詞 , 又可用作名詞 ? call 用作動詞時 , 既可作及物動詞用 , 也可 作不及物動詞用 ? 現(xiàn)對其用法作一簡單歸納 :一 . 用作及物動詞時有以下意義 :1. 叫 ; 呼喚 ; 叫來 ? 例如 :Call a doctor at once. 快點叫個醫(yī)生來 ?I called you but you didnt hear me. 我喊你 , 但你卻沒聽見 ?Call a taxi for me. 幫我叫輛出租車 ?2. 稱 (某人 為,取名 ? 例如 :His friends call him Bob.