惠州九上英語教師版(語法篇)

1、Module 1 Wonders of the world六大時態(tài)歸納一般現(xiàn)在時一.意義：表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生的事情，動作或存在的狀態(tài)二.時間標(biāo)志：always , usually , often , sometimes ,every三. 構(gòu)成及變化1.含有be動詞的一般現(xiàn)在時肯定句：主語+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：I am a boy.我是一個男孩。否定句：主語+ be + not +其它。如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。一般疑問句：Be +主語+其它？如：-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, Im not.特殊疑問句：疑問詞+

2、一般疑問句？如：Where is my bike?2. 含有行為動詞的一般現(xiàn)在時當(dāng)主語為第一，二人稱及復(fù)數(shù)時，助動詞為do肯定句：主語+動詞原形(+其它)。如：We often play basketball after school.否定句：主語+ dont+動詞原形(+其它)。如：we dont play basketball after school.一般疑問句：Do +主語+動詞原形+其它?如： Do you often play basketball after school l? Yes, we do. / No, we dont.特殊疑問句：疑問詞+以do開頭的一般疑問句？如：

3、What do you often do after school ?3、當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時 ,助動詞為does肯定句：主語+動詞三單式(+其它)。如： He swims well.否定句：主語+ doesnt+動詞原形(+其它)。如：He doesnt swim well.一般疑問句：Does +主語+動詞原形+其它。如：Does he swim well ?Yes, he does. / No, he doesnt.特殊疑問句：疑問詞+以does開頭的一般疑問句？如： How does your father go to work?4.第三人稱單數(shù)的動詞變化規(guī)則（只有在第三人稱為主語的

4、肯定句中，動詞才用三單式）(1)多數(shù)動詞直接加s:runsgetslikescolletstakesplaysclimbs.(2)結(jié)尾是s, x, sh, ch, o,前為輔音字母,結(jié)尾加es :watchesteachesgoesdoeswashescrossesmixesbrushes(3)動詞末尾y前為輔音:將y改為i加es: studystudies flyfliescarrycarriescrycries但在y前如果為元音則直接加s:buyssays一般過去時一、一般過去時的概念： 一般過去時用來表示過去某一時間內(nèi)發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)以及過去習(xí)慣性、反復(fù)性的動作。謂語動詞要用動詞的

5、過去式，常和表示過去的時間狀語連用，如yesterday昨天、lastnight昨晚、lastweek上周、lastyear去年，等。二、一般過去時的判斷標(biāo)志詞 yesterday,thedaybeforeyesterday,last+時間, thismorning 時間+ago,justnow,amomentago,in+過去的時間 三、一般過去時的結(jié)構(gòu)：（可分三類不同的結(jié)構(gòu)） 1.Be動詞的一般過去時 在沒有實義動詞的句子中使用be動詞，amis的過去式為was;are的過去式為were 肯定句式：主語+be(was,were)+其它. I was a teacher.There were

6、 some trees.否定句式：主語+be(was,were)+not+其它. I was not/wasnt a teacher, i was a doctor.一般疑問句：Be(was,were)+主語+其它？ eg.Were you a doctor?注：在這種構(gòu)成中，be動詞有人稱和數(shù)的變化，即要根據(jù)主語選用was/were。Be動詞分為單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)，was是表示單數(shù)，were是表示復(fù)數(shù)。 2.實義動詞的一般過去時態(tài) (一)規(guī)則動詞的過去式 1.一般情況下，在動詞原形后面加-ed。 Look lookedplay playedstart startedvisit visited 2.以

7、不發(fā)音e結(jié)尾的動詞，在詞尾直接加-d。 live liveduse used 3.以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的動詞，先將y改為i,再加ed。 Study studied,try triedfly flied 4.以重讀閉音節(jié)（即輔音元音輔音）或r音節(jié)結(jié)尾，末尾只有一個輔音字母的動詞，要先雙寫這個輔音字母后，再加ed。 Stop stopped，plan planned,prefer preferred 5.不規(guī)則動詞的過去式需特殊記憶。如：am(is)-was,are-were,go-went,come-came,take-took,have(has)-had eat-ate等 肯定句要使用動詞的

8、過去式，否定句和疑問句要使用助動詞do和does的過去式did. 肯定句式：主語+動詞（過去式）+其它 I went to Hongkong yesterday.否定句式：主語+didnt+動詞（原形）+其它【didnot=didnt】 eg.I did not/didnt go to Hongkong yesterday.一般疑問句：Did+主語+動詞（原形）+其它【do,does的過去時均為did】？ Did you go to school yesterday?注：did和didnt是構(gòu)成一般過去時的助動詞，其特點是要在其后跟動詞的原形。 現(xiàn)在進行時一、構(gòu)成方法現(xiàn)在進行時由 am/is/

9、are 加現(xiàn)在分詞構(gòu)成。二、用法說明1.表示說話時正在發(fā)生或進行的動作,常見標(biāo)志: “now,” “at the moment,” “Look!”, “Listen!”2.表示現(xiàn)階段持續(xù)進行的動作,常見標(biāo)志: “at the present”(目前), “this week,” “these days”3.按計劃或安排將要發(fā)生的動作,與將來時間連用,僅限少量動詞: go, come, leave, start, arrive, return, sleep4.與always連用,表示經(jīng)常反復(fù)的動作,表達說話者的驚訝、厭煩、贊美等情感注意！沒有進行時的動詞：表示感覺、感情、思想、態(tài)度、狀態(tài)、擁有-

10、 see, hear, notice, like, love, hate, know, want, hope, think, believe, agree, own (have/ has)1.表示此時此刻或現(xiàn)階段正在進行的動作。如：Theyre having a meeting. 他們在開會。Im studying at an evening school. 我在上夜校。2.表示計劃或安排好了的將來動作，常與一個表示將來的時間狀語連用。如：Mike is coming home on Thursday. 邁克星期四回來。Theyre having a party next week. 下星期他

11、們將開一個晚會。注：表示安排將要做的事，人作主語宜用現(xiàn)在進行時，事物作主語，宜用一般現(xiàn)在時。試比較：Im not going out this evening. 今晚我不準(zhǔn)備出去。(不宜說I dont) The concert starts at 7: 30. 音樂會七點半開始。3.現(xiàn)在進行時與always, often, forever等連用表示贊揚、厭煩等語氣。如：Youre always interrupting me! 你老打斷我的話!(抱怨) My father is always losing his car keys. 我爸老丟車鑰匙。(不滿) Shes always helpi

12、ng people. 她老是幫助別人。(贊揚) 4.現(xiàn)在進行時在時間和條件狀語從句中，代替過去將來時。如：He promised to buy me a computer if he got a raise. (from )注意：像 be, think, understand, love, have, own, see, hear, find, belong to 等靜態(tài)動詞通常不用于進行時。三現(xiàn)在進行時的肯定肯定句、否定句、疑問句形式：1. 肯定: 主語 + am, is, are + V.-ing主語Be動詞現(xiàn)在分詞第一人稱單數(shù)IamV.-ing第三人稱單數(shù)he, she, it, Jim

13、, the birdis第二人稱單數(shù)youare所有人稱單數(shù)we, you, they, my friends2.現(xiàn)在進行時的否定句句型 主語 + 相應(yīng)be動詞 + not + 現(xiàn)在分詞 + eg. He isnt watching TV. 他沒在看電視。I am not cooking. 我沒有在做飯。We arent having English class. 我們沒在上英語課。3.現(xiàn)在進行時的一般疑問句句型 相應(yīng)be動詞 + 主語 + 現(xiàn)在分詞 + ？eg. Are you dancing? 他們正在跳舞嗎？Is he drawing a picture? 他正在畫一張畫嗎？Are yo

14、u talking with your friend? 你正和你的朋友談話嗎？4.現(xiàn)在進行一般疑問句的答語句型 （1）肯定回答：Yes, 主語 + 相應(yīng)be動詞。（2）否定回答：No, 主語 + 相應(yīng)be動詞 + not。eg. Are you listening to the music? Yes, I am. / No, I am not. 你正在聽音樂嗎？是的，我正在聽。/ 不，我沒在聽。Is Aunt Wang knitting a sweater? No, she isnt. 王阿姨正織毛衣嗎？不，她沒有。四動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞形式構(gòu)成方法一般不發(fā)音e結(jié)尾ie結(jié)尾重讀閉音節(jié)且末尾只有一個輔

15、音字母ListeningWalkingFishingeatingLivingWritingArrivingmakingDie-dyingLie-lyingSwimmingPlanningGettingsitting動詞變現(xiàn)在分詞可有如下口訣:“一添一去y不變”. “一添”指雙寫規(guī)則；“一去”指去掉不發(fā)音字母e規(guī)則；“y不變”指要與名詞變復(fù)數(shù)區(qū)分開。補充:現(xiàn)在進行時的其他用法 1. 表示將來。除了課本中所以給的go，leave，come， arrive，fly等詞外，還有不少動詞的現(xiàn)在進行時也可以表示“即將發(fā)生的動作”。這時，句中常有一個表示將來的時間狀語，或暗含這樣一個時間狀語。We are

16、visiting Shanghai next month. 我們下周去上海。2. 現(xiàn)在進行時與always, forever等詞連用時，表示反復(fù)發(fā)生的動作，并帶有某種感情色彩。He is too careless and he is always losing keys. 他太粗心，老是丟鑰匙。3. 狀態(tài)動詞用于進行時可以強調(diào)某一具體時間的特殊狀態(tài)，或某種暫時的心理狀態(tài)或活動等，有時還可表示“剛剛開始”的含義。The boy is being good. 這男孩現(xiàn)在表現(xiàn)不錯。(故意裝出來的行為)Its getting dark. 天要黑了。（表示“剛剛開始”）過去進行時一、過去進行時表示過去某

17、時正在進行的動作結(jié)構(gòu)： Was,were+動詞的doing形式 二、常用的時間狀語：from nine to ten last evening,when,while,at 7 oclock yesterday等三、過去進行的用法：1.表示過去某一時刻或某一時間段正在進行的動作。I was doing my homework at 9 oclock last Sunday.2.表示兩個同時持續(xù)的動作。如：I was doing my homework while he was listening to music. 我在做作業(yè)而他在聽音樂。3. 表示某個短暫性動作發(fā)生的背景。如果主句謂語和從句謂

18、語都發(fā)生在過去，動作時間長的用過去進行時，表達談話背景；動作時間短的用一般過去時，表達新的信息。如：I was reading the newspaper when the doorbell rang. 我正在看報，突然門鈴響了。4. 表示過去將來，多用于go, come, leave, start, take off等動詞。如：He said he was leaving for home in a day or two. 他說他一兩天之內(nèi)就動身回家了?，F(xiàn)在完成時（一） 概念 1. 現(xiàn)在完成時可表示一個過去發(fā)生的動作，對現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生了影響。-瞬間性動詞 E.g I have finished m

19、y homework. 我已經(jīng)完成了作業(yè)。(影響：現(xiàn)在不用寫了) 2. 過去開始的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并可能會繼續(xù)延續(xù)下去。-延續(xù)性動詞 E.g 1. I have been in Shenzhen for 10 years. E.g 2. The movie has been on for half an hour. 電影已經(jīng)開始半個小時了。 （二） 結(jié)構(gòu)：have/has + 動詞的過去分詞 (have在此為助動詞，無意義) E.g: Theres an accident. I have just called the 120. 否定：have/has +no t+動詞的過去分詞

20、 (not放在助動詞后) E.g: I have not called the 120. 一般疑問句：將助動詞have/has 提于主語前 E.g: Have you called the 120?（三）用法1. 常用時間狀語: already已經(jīng), yet還，仍然, never從未, ever曾經(jīng), just 剛剛 recently最近, lately近來, up to now=till now直到現(xiàn)在, so far到目前為止, in the last/past+一段時間區(qū)別1： already 用于肯定句，置于句中或句末， yet用于否定句和疑問句，置于句末區(qū)別2： ever用于疑問句或

21、否定句，置于句中， never用于否定句，置于句中2. since與for的區(qū)別 1) for + 時間段eg: I have been here for two years. 2) since + 時間點（過去的時間點） eg: I have been here since 2000. 3) since + 時間段 + ago eg: I have been here since 14 years ago. = I have been here since 2000.4) since + 從句（用一般過去時） eg: It has been 4 years since I came to S

22、henzhen. 一般將來時（一）目標(biāo)展示。朗讀并觀察下列例句，找出規(guī)律，進行梳理。1. The boys will have a picnic tomorrow. The boy is going to have a picnic tomorrow.2.I will take a walk in two hours. I am going to take a walk in two hours.（二）定義一般將來時表示將來某一時刻的動作或狀態(tài)，或?qū)砟骋欢螘r間內(nèi)經(jīng)常的動作或狀態(tài)。（三）一般將來時的基本結(jié)構(gòu)A . will 肯定句：主語 + will + 動詞原形 + 其他成分. 否定句：主語

23、 + will + not + 動詞原形 + 其他成分. (will not = wont) 一般疑問句：Will + 主語 + 動詞原形 + 其他成分？ Eg: 肯定句：He will be back soon. 否定句：He will not be back soon. 一般疑問句：Will he be back soon? -Yes, he will. -No, he wont.注意：若主語的第一人稱，也可以用shall. Shall not的縮寫式為:shant 例如： 肯定句：I/We shall go. 或 I/We will go. You/He/She/They will go

24、. 否定句：I/We shall not go. 疑問句：Shall I/we go?B. be going to （此時be動詞只能是從am / is / are中選取） 肯定句：主語 + be going to + 動詞原形 + 其他成分. 否定句：主語 + be + not + going to + 動詞原形 + 其他成分. 一般疑問句：Be + 主語 + going to + 動詞原形 + 其他成分？ Eg: I am going to fly to Hong Kong next Monday. I am not going to fly to Hong Kong next Monda

25、y. Are you going to fly to Hong Kong next Monday? -Yes, I am. - No, I am not. （四）拓展1. 常用時間狀語： tomorrow, next year， this afternoon， the day after tomorrow， soon， in an hour， in the future等。 注意： in + 一段時間 “在.多久之后”， 常與一般將來時態(tài)連用 Eg: She will be back in an hour. 2. “will”句型與“be going to”句型，前者表示純粹將來，后者表示打算

26、、計劃、準(zhǔn)備做的事情，更強調(diào)主語的主觀意愿。例如：Tomorrow will be Saturday. 明天是周六了。 We are going to visit Paris this summer.今年夏天我們打算游覽巴黎。Module 1 Wonders of the world（一）單項選擇A組( )1. Mr Gao owns a huge house in this city.A. small B. beautiful C. tall D. big( )2. You should give up smoking. Its bad for your health.A. start B.

27、 keep C. stop D. Buy( )3. The main aim of this meeting is to talk over the details of the performance. A. first B. big C. most important D. tall( )4. It is stupid of you to say like that. A. rude B. silly C. funny D. Wrong( )5. Sorry, I forgot to knock at the door before entering your room.A.breakin

28、g into B. going into C. going out of D. leftB組( )1.There _ a meeting tomorrow afternoon.A. will be going toB. will going to be C. is going to beD. will go to be( )2.Charlie _ here next month.A. isnt workingB. doesnt working C. isnt going to workingD. wont work( )3.He _ very busy this week, he _ free

29、 next week.A. will be; isB. is; is C. will be; will beD. is; will be( )4.There _ a dolphin show in the zoo tomorrow evening.A. wasB. is going to have C. will haveD. is going to be( )5.-_ you _ free tomorrow?-No. I _ free the day after tomorrow.A. Are; going to; willB. Are; going to be; will C. Are;

30、going to; will beD. Are; going to be; will be( )6.Mother _ me a nice present on my next birthday.A. will givesB. will give C. givesD. give( )7.-Shall I buy a cup of tea for you? -_. （不，不要。）A. No, you wont.B. No, you arent. C. No, please dont.D. No, please.( )8.- Where is the morning paper? -I _ if f

31、or you at once.A. getB. am getting C. to getD. will get( )9. _ a concert next Saturday? A. There will be B. Will there be C. There can be D. There are( )10. If they come, we _ a meeting.A. have B. will have C. had D. would have( )11. He _ her a beautiful hat on her next birthday.A. gives B. gave C.

32、will giving D. is going to giving( )12. He _ to us as soon as he gets there.A. writes B. has written C. will write D. wrote( )13. He _ in three days.A. coming back B. came back C. will come back D. is going to coming back( )14. Who _ we _ swimming with tomorrow afternoon?A. will; go B. do; go C. wil

33、l; going D. shall; go( )15. - Will his parents go to see the Terra Cotta Warriors tomorrow? - No, _ （不去）.A. they willnt B. they wont. C. they arent D. they dont.( ) 1. He has _ been to Lhasa, so he knows nothing about this city. A. ever B. never C. already D. yet( ) 2. Kate has finished washing her

34、clothes _. She is reading a book now. A. already B. yet C. ever D. never( ) 3. Tony has lived and studied in Shenzhen _ last year.A. for B. since C. after D. before( ) 4. His father has been away from Shenzhen _ two and a half years. A. in B. for C. since D. during( ) 5. Miss Green _Hong Kong. She w

35、ill be back next week. A. gone to B. going to C. has gone to D. has been to ( ) 6. -_ you _ the classroom yet? -Yes. It is clean now. A. Do, clean B. Did, clean C. Will, clean D. Have, cleaned( ) 7. -Has Jack arrived _? -No, I have _ seen him come. A. yet, ever B. yet, never C. already, ever D. ever

36、, never( ) 8. -How long_ you _ this new car? -Nearly two months. A. has, bought B. has, got C. have, had D. have, bought( ) 9. -Could you tell me how I can get to the Window of the World? -Sorry, I _ never _ that place. A. have, gone to B. have, been to C. have, been at D. have, been on( ) 10. -Mr W

37、hite _ for ten years. -Sad to hear that. A. died B. was dead C. has died D. has been dead( )11. -Where is Mr Li? -He _ the library. A. has been to B. has gone to C. has been in D. has gone( )12 .-_ you _ the film before?-yes. -Where _ you _ it?A. Have, seen, did, see B. Did, see, did, watchC Have, s

38、een, have, seen D. Did, see, have, seen( )13. -Where _ Tom _? -To the library. He _ there for an hour.1. has, been, has gone B. has, gone, has beenC. did, go, went D. has, gone, went( ) 14. I like Hainan. I _- there three times.A. went B. go C. have gone D. have been ( ) 15. We came to Shanghai thre

39、e years ago, so we _ here for three years. A. have been to B. have been C. have gone D. have been in（二）用since和for填空681._two years 2._two years ago3._last month 4._ 19995._yesterday 6._ 4 oclock7. 4 hours 8. _an hour ago9. _we were children 10._ lunch time11._ she left here12. He has lived in Nanjing

40、 _ the year before last.13. Ive known him _ we were children.14. Our teacher has studied Japanese _ three years.15. She has been away from the city _ about ten years.16. Its about ten years _ she left the city.16. My sister and I like _ (listen) to music.17. My father _ (watch) TV in the bedroom now

41、.18. There _ (be) a lamp near the sofa.19. What _ he _ (do) now? He _ (swim) .20. I like _ (jog). I can _(jog). I am _ (jog) in the street now.21. My parents _ (be) teachers. 22. How _ (be) your father? He _ (be) fine.23. I am _ (ride) a bike now. Look, Nancy _ (ride) a bike with me. 24. Kate _ (dan

42、ce). Mike and Helen _ (skate) now.25. _ Su Hai _ (wash) clothes now? No, she _. She _ (sweep) the floor.26. I like _ (play) the violin. Im _ (play) now. But I cant _ (dance).27. Do you like _ (peach)? No, I _. I like _ (make) masks.28. Can you _ (come) and _ (help) _ (he) with _ (he) Maths?29. What

43、_ (be) in the bottle? There _ (be) some apple juice. 30. What _ (be) in the school? There _ (be) some buildings.31. _ they _ (sing) songs now? Yes, they _. They can _ (sing) many _ (song).二、按要求三、按要求改寫句子1. The boy is playing basketball.否定句：_一般疑問句：_肯定回答：_否定回答：_一、寫出下列單詞的過去時.1. work_ read_ clean_ write_

44、2. teach_ wash_ guess_ watch_3. go_ do_ photo_ 4. study_ fly_ cry_ play_5. have_ accept add act 二、請用正確動詞形式填空1.He (live) in Wuxi two years ago. 2.The cat (eat) a bird last night.3.We (have) a party last Halloween. 4.Nancy (pick) up oranges on the farm last week.5.I (make) a model ship with Mike yeste

45、rday. 6.They (play) chess in the classroom last PE lesson.7.My mother (cook) a nice food last Spring Festival.8.The girls (dance) at the party last night. 9. Her father _ (read) a newspaper last night. 10. Mike _(not go) to bed until 12 oclock last night. 三、單項選擇： 從下列各題后所給的四個選項中選擇最佳答案填空。(10)( )1 My f

46、atherill yesterday A isnt B arent C wasnt D werent( )2 your parents at home last week A Is B Was C Are D Were( )3 The twinsin Dalian last year Theyhere now A are; were B were; are C was; are D were; was( )4 your father at work the dayyesterday(前天） A Was; before B Is; before C Was; after D Is; after

47、( )5 Who was on duty last Friday A I am B I was C Yes, I was D No, I wasnt 一、寫出下列單詞的第三人稱單數(shù)形式1. work_ read_ clean_ write_2. teach_ wash_ guess_ watch_3. go_ do_ photo_ 4. study_ fly_ cry_ play_5. have_ accept add act 二、用所給單詞的正確形式填空1.We _ (play) football every day.2.It_ (sound) very well.3.Jim _ (want) an orange.4. My mother _(watch)TV in the evening.5._ you _ (like) English?5.Mike and Li Lei _ (not like) eggs.