江蘇專轉(zhuǎn)本形容詞和副詞(2)

1、1 1 熟練掌握形容詞、副詞的熟練掌握形容詞、副詞的用法、位置用法、位置。2 2 熟練掌握形容詞和副詞的熟練掌握形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)、最高級(jí)比較級(jí)、最高級(jí)的的構(gòu)成構(gòu)成3 3 能熟練運(yùn)用比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)能熟練運(yùn)用比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)句型句型4 4 初步掌握用初步掌握用much,a littlemuch,a little等副詞修飾形容詞等副詞修飾形容詞、副詞比較等級(jí)的用法。、副詞比較等級(jí)的用法。什么是形容詞？用來修飾名詞的詞是形容詞。作用：定語(yǔ)，表語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。1 聰明的女孩 放在所修的詞girl之前作定語(yǔ) This soup is thick. That one is thin2 與連系動(dòng)詞一起用，放

2、在be動(dòng)詞之后作表語(yǔ)。3 植樹是為了使城市更美麗。作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。 May is a clever girl. We plant trees to make our city more beautiful. (試題解析)_to take this adventure course will certainly learn a lot of useful skills. A. Brave enough students B. Students brave enough C. Enough brave students D. Students enough brave解析：enough應(yīng)放在所修飾的

3、形容詞brave之后，排除選項(xiàng)C和D；brave enough與后面的不定式構(gòu)成形容詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)，要放在所修飾的名詞 students之后，排除A。答案是B。1.一般一般情況下，形容詞做定語(yǔ)放在所修飾詞情況下，形容詞做定語(yǔ)放在所修飾詞前前。2.但在下列情況下，形容詞要放在被修飾詞的后面。但在下列情況下，形容詞要放在被修飾詞的后面。(1)形容詞做定語(yǔ)修飾形容詞做定語(yǔ)修飾somebody, anybody, everything ,anything等等不定代詞不定代詞時(shí)，需后置。時(shí)，需后置。There is nobody absent today.Is there anything wrong w

4、ith your car?(2)成對(duì)的形容詞可以后置。成對(duì)的形容詞可以后置。 There was a huge room, simple and beautiful. （注意，是修飾什么的）（注意，是修飾什么的）(3) “形容詞形容詞+介詞介詞/不定式不定式”構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)做定語(yǔ)時(shí)，需后置。構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)做定語(yǔ)時(shí)，需后置。 The teacher asked me a question too difficult to answer. A man so difficult to please must be hard to work with.(試題解析) John Smith, a successf

5、ul businessman, has a_car. C. large German white B. large white German C. white large German D. German large white【答案】B【解析】此題考查多個(gè)形容詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)順序問題。其基：本順序?yàn)椋?(試題解析)All the people _at the party were his supporters. A. present B. thankful C. interested D. important【答案】A【解析】此題考查形容詞作后置定語(yǔ)。四選項(xiàng)中只有A項(xiàng)作“出席，在場(chǎng)”講時(shí)是表語(yǔ)形容

6、語(yǔ)，須在句中做后置定語(yǔ)。其它選項(xiàng)作為單個(gè)形容詞作定語(yǔ)應(yīng)放在所修飾名詞前面 常見表語(yǔ)形容詞常見表語(yǔ)形容詞 afraid, alone, awake, asleep, alive, alike, ashamed, available sure , sorry ，unable，worth 基本用法：基本用法： 在句中表語(yǔ)、補(bǔ)語(yǔ)與后置定語(yǔ)在句中表語(yǔ)、補(bǔ)語(yǔ)與后置定語(yǔ)（一般不做前置定語(yǔ)）（一般不做前置定語(yǔ)） (08北京卷 26) After the long journey, the three of them went back home, _. A. hungry and tiredly B. hun

7、gry and tired C. hungrily and tiredly D. hungrily and tired【答案】【答案】B【解析】此題考查形容詞在句中作狀語(yǔ)，表伴隨而不是方【解析】此題考查形容詞在句中作狀語(yǔ)，表伴隨而不是方式。式。形容詞做狀語(yǔ)形容詞做狀語(yǔ)表示伴隨或結(jié)果表示伴隨或結(jié)果，并不表示動(dòng)作的方式。，并不表示動(dòng)作的方式。He returned home, safe and sound.The goat rolled over, dead.He is standing there, full of fear.詞詞 尾尾 變變 化化原級(jí)原級(jí)比較比較級(jí)級(jí)最高最高級(jí)級(jí)單音節(jié)詞在詞尾加

8、單音節(jié)詞在詞尾加-er(比較級(jí)比較級(jí))或或-est(最高級(jí)最高級(jí))以字母以字母e接尾的詞加接尾的詞加-r或或-sttall hard large wide以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的詞末尾只有一以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的詞末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母應(yīng)雙寫輔音字母再加個(gè)輔音字母應(yīng)雙寫輔音字母再加er或或estbig hot thin fat wet 以輔音字母以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的詞變?yōu)榻Y(jié)尾的詞變?yōu)閕再加再加-er,或或-esthappy dry early narrow clever 多音節(jié)詞和多數(shù)雙音節(jié)詞在其前面多音節(jié)詞和多數(shù)雙音節(jié)詞在其前面加加more 和和most difficult popular slowly

9、taller harder larger wider tallest hardest largest widestbigger hotter fatter wetterbiggest hottest fattest wettest happier drier earlierhappiest driest earliestnarrower cleverernarrowest cleverestmore difficult more popularmore slowly most difficult most popularmost slowly少數(shù)以少數(shù)以-er,-ow結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞

10、可加詞可加-er或或-est原級(jí)原級(jí)goodwellbadillmanymuchlittlefarold比較級(jí)比較級(jí)最高級(jí)最高級(jí)better bestworseworstless more mostfarther/furtherolder/elderleast farthest/furthestoldest/eldest1 as+形容詞原形形容詞原形+asTom is as tall as Mike. 否定否定 not as+形容詞原形形容詞原形+as “和和 不一樣不一樣” 或或 not so+形容詞原形形容詞原形+as “不及不如不及不如 Tom is not as tall as Mik

11、e.Tom is not so tall as Mike. 2 so+ 形容詞原級(jí)形容詞原級(jí)+that叢句叢句 such+名詞名詞that叢句叢句He is so big that he cant enter the room by the door .He is a -?-good boy that too+原級(jí)原級(jí)+ to do sth.He is too young to join the army. 形容詞原級(jí)形容詞原級(jí)+ enough to do sth. This truck is big enough to carry 5 tons. 1. 比較級(jí)比較級(jí)+than Our sch

12、ool is larger than theirs. 2.表示兩者之間的選擇，可使用表示兩者之間的選擇，可使用“Which is+ 比較比較級(jí)，級(jí)，or?” Which is longer, this one or that?3.表示不及另一方時(shí)，使用表示不及另一方時(shí)，使用“l(fā)ess+原級(jí)原級(jí)+than”This park is less beautiful than that one. 4.“The+比較級(jí)比較級(jí)，the+比較級(jí)比較級(jí)” 越越越越 The smaller the house is, the less it will cost us the heat. 5 “比較級(jí)比較級(jí)+an

13、d+比較級(jí)比較級(jí)” 越來越越來越In spring, the days are getting longer and longer. Correct the mistakes:Marys hair is longer than my sister.The weather in Beijing is colder than in Shanghai.China is larger than any country in the world.1. Which is larger city, Tangshan or Shijiazhuang?my sistersWhich is the larger

14、city, Tangshan or Shijiazhuang? Which is larger, Tangshan or Shijiazhuang? 5 How much_she looked without her glasses! AwellBgood Cbest Dbetter 解析解析：句意：句意：“她不戴眼鏡看起來好看多了。她不戴眼鏡看起來好看多了?！眒uch修飾比較級(jí)，故只有修飾比較級(jí)，故只有better正確。正確。 6 Youre driving too fast. Can you drive _? A. more slowly a bit B. slowly a bit mor

15、e C. a bit more slowly D. slowly more bit A is no more careful than B. A和和B兩人都不仔細(xì)。兩人都不仔細(xì)。 A is not more careful than B. A不如不如B仔細(xì)。仔細(xì)。1one of the+最高級(jí)最高級(jí)+名詞復(fù)數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)Lu Xun is one of the greatest writers last century. 2 最高級(jí)最高級(jí)+of (in)Of all the movie stars, I think Zhang Ziyi is the best. 3 This is/ was th

16、e最高級(jí)最高級(jí)+名詞名詞+that定語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句This is the worst film that I have seen these years. 1times as +形容詞形容詞/副詞原級(jí)副詞原級(jí)+as2times+ the+性質(zhì)名詞性質(zhì)名詞+ of3times +形容詞比較級(jí)形容詞比較級(jí)+than4.the+名詞名詞+be +times + what從句從句5.the+名詞名詞+be+times +that/those ofThis table is 3 times as big as that one.=This table is 3 times the size of tha

17、t one.=This table is twice bigger than that one.這張桌子是那張桌子的三倍大。這張桌子是那張桌子的三倍大。 Ten years ago the population of our village was _ that of theirs. A. as twice large as B. twice as large as C. twice as much as D. as twice much as B.Pters jacket looked just the same as Jacks, but it cost _his. A. as much

18、twice as B. twice as much as C. much as twice as D. as twice much asB 副詞副詞用來修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、其它副詞、全用來修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、其它副詞、全句或名詞詞組及句子的詞。句或名詞詞組及句子的詞。 1 副詞修飾動(dòng)詞副詞修飾動(dòng)詞 Many birds live there _ all year round, they can_catch fish for food. 2副詞修飾形容詞副詞修飾形容詞 These trousers are_( 太緊太緊),I prefer to wear jeans. 3副詞修飾副詞副詞修飾副詞 I

19、 couldnt jump _to reach the maple leaves. 4副詞修飾全句副詞修飾全句 _,its very difficult for giant pandas to survive in the wild. happilyeasilyhigh enoughSadlytoo tight _I went to the railway station to see my friend off. A. After eating quickly my dinner B. After my quickly eating dinner C. After eating my din

20、ner quickly D. After eating my quickly dinner解析：解析：quickly是表方式的副詞，通常位于是表方式的副詞，通常位于“動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞(+賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ))”之后，故選之后，故選C。副詞做狀語(yǔ)的位置副詞做狀語(yǔ)的位置 1、頻度副詞頻度副詞always, usually, often, never等一等一 般放在行為動(dòng)詞前，或者情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)般放在行為動(dòng)詞前，或者情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞或詞或be動(dòng)詞之后。動(dòng)詞之后。 2、表示、表示方式的副詞方式的副詞常放在常放在“動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞(+賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ))”之之后；后； 3、同時(shí)有表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)和方式的副詞時(shí)，、同時(shí)有表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)和方式的副

21、詞時(shí)，其其 順序一般為：順序一般為：方式地點(diǎn)時(shí)間方式地點(diǎn)時(shí)間。 (上海卷)_, some famous scientists have the qualities of being both careful and careless. A. Strangely enough B. Enough strangely C. Strange enough D. Enough strange 【答案】【答案】A A【解析】此題考查副詞在句中作評(píng)注性狀語(yǔ)，修【解析】此題考查副詞在句中作評(píng)注性狀語(yǔ)，修飾整個(gè)句子。飾整個(gè)句子。enough enough 修飾形容詞、副詞要放在所修飾形容詞、副詞要放在所修飾詞

22、之后修飾詞之后Fortunately, he was not drowned and was saved by the PLA.Happily for her, her stepmother was kind to her.Luckily, he was not hurt in the accident.Obviously, your answer is absolutely wrong.Naturally, you will want to discuss this problem with your parents.e.g. different bad close free clear b

23、right dangerous slow careful correct neat nice differentlycloselyclearlydangerouslycarefullyneatly badlyfreelybrightlyslowlycorrectlynicely2. 2. 如果形容詞以如果形容詞以-y-y結(jié)尾結(jié)尾, ,變副詞時(shí)要將變副詞時(shí)要將y y變?yōu)樽優(yōu)閕 i, ,再加上再加上-ly-ly e.g. angry happy heavy noisy easy lucky busyangrily happilyheavilynoisilyeasilyluckilybusily -

24、y i + -lygentleterriblesimpleprobablepossiblegentlyterriblysimplyprobablypossibly3. 以以le結(jié)尾的形容詞結(jié)尾的形容詞, 變副詞時(shí)要變副詞時(shí)要 將將e去去掉掉,再加再加-y-le -e + y根據(jù)要求寫出下列單詞的正確形式：根據(jù)要求寫出下列單詞的正確形式： easy(副詞副詞) correct(副詞副詞) quiet(副詞副詞) polite(副詞副詞) 5. noise(副詞副詞)6. heavy (副詞副詞)7. luck(副詞副詞)8. angry(副詞副詞)easilycorrectlyquietlypo

25、litelynoisilyheavilyluckilyangrily時(shí)間副詞時(shí)間副詞now, then, today, tomorrow, ago, lately, soon, now, then, today, tomorrow, ago, lately, soon, immediately, often, usually, earlyimmediately, often, usually, early地點(diǎn)副詞地點(diǎn)副詞outside, upstairs, anywhere, up, forward, here, there, outside, upstairs, anywhere, up,

26、forward, here, there, away, in, back, offaway, in, back, off方式副詞方式副詞simply, quickly, happily, loudly, suddenly, luckily, simply, quickly, happily, loudly, suddenly, luckily, again, once, easily, togetheragain, once, easily, together程度副詞程度副詞very, quite, rather, extremely, completely, widely, very, qu

27、ite, rather, extremely, completely, widely, partly, perfectly, badly, toopartly, perfectly, badly, too疑問副詞疑問副詞when, where, why, howwhen, where, why, how關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞when, where, why (when, where, why (引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句) )連接副詞連接副詞when, where, why, how (when, where, why, how (引導(dǎo)名詞性從句和副詞性引導(dǎo)名詞性從句和副詞性從句從句) )其他其他su

28、rely, certainly, really, however, therefore, perhaps, surely, certainly, really, however, therefore, perhaps, moreover, yes, nomoreover, yes, no 1 副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的構(gòu)成和形容副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的構(gòu)成和形容詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的構(gòu)成基本相同詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的構(gòu)成基本相同.e.g. fast-faster-fastestslowly- more slowly most slowly 2 形容記的最高級(jí)前要用定冠詞形容記的最高級(jí)前要用定冠詞the,

29、副詞副詞的最高級(jí)前可用可不用定冠詞的最高級(jí)前可用可不用定冠詞the.Jim jumped (the) highest of the all. The _ edition of the dictionary is far The _ edition of the dictionary is far better than the previous ones.better than the previous ones. If the cab arrives _, you will miss the If the cab arrives _, you will miss the flight. fl

30、ight. This photo reminds me of my _ grandfather.This photo reminds me of my _ grandfather. Hes not been feeling well just _.Hes not been feeling well just _. In _ autumn, you will find the ground In _ autumn, you will find the ground covered with fallen leaves. covered with fallen leaves. At first h

31、e denied all guilt, but he _made At first he denied all guilt, but he _made a partial confession. a partial confession. latelate late late laterlater 1late adj. & adv. 遲，遲的，晚的，晚期，在晚期。遲，遲的，晚的，晚期，在晚期。也可指人也可指人“已故的已故的” He is never late or school. 他上學(xué)從不遲到。他上學(xué)從不遲到。 The train was 10 minutes late. 火車晚點(diǎn)十

32、分鐘?；疖囃睃c(diǎn)十分鐘。 2. later adj. & adv. 為為late比較級(jí)，意指較遲，較晚一些。比較級(jí)，意指較遲，較晚一些。 如：如： Two hours later, the ship sank. 兩小時(shí)后，輪船沉兩小時(shí)后，輪船沉沒了。沒了。 See you later! 再見！再見！ 3latter adj. 意思是指（兩者中）后者的，后者，反義意思是指（兩者中）后者的，后者，反義詞是詞是former，（兩者中）前者。注意，不要把，（兩者中）前者。注意，不要把latter與與late的比較級(jí)的比較級(jí)later混淆。如：混淆。如： Of the two the latter

33、 is far better than the former. 兩者中后者遠(yuǎn)比前者好。兩者中后者遠(yuǎn)比前者好。 4latest adj. & adv. 為為late的最高級(jí)。意思是最的最高級(jí)。意思是最新、最近或最遲。新、最近或最遲。A British car company was about to sell its latest type of car in Germany. 一一家英國(guó)汽車公司正要在德國(guó)出售其最新型的汽車。家英國(guó)汽車公司正要在德國(guó)出售其最新型的汽車。 5lately adv. (=recently) 最近，近來，通常用最近，近來，通常用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)，于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)，

34、 如：如： The old palace has lately been rebuilt. 古老古老的宮殿最近得以重建。的宮殿最近得以重建。 Have you seen him lately? 你最近見到過他嗎？你最近見到過他嗎？ 1 通常情況下通常情況下very, too, so, quite, fairly等副詞不能修飾等副詞不能修飾比較級(jí)。修飾形容詞比較級(jí)。修飾形容詞 able, impossible, right, wrong, mistaken等一般不用等一般不用very，通常用，通常用quite。E,g. Im quite able to pay for the dress. Yo

35、ure quite mistaken.2.fairly與與 rather1)不定冠詞不定冠詞 a可放在可放在rather 前或后，但只能放在前或后，但只能放在fairly前。前。a fairly good story a rather cold day/rather a cold day2)rather 通常含有通常含有“不適當(dāng)不適當(dāng)”之意，而之意，而fairly通常含有通常含有“適當(dāng)適當(dāng)”之意。之意。Its fairly warm in spring.Its rather cold today.3 rather可以和可以和ed形式，比較級(jí)或形式，比較級(jí)或too連用，而連用，而fairly不能

36、。不能。My brother is rather better today.This book is rather too difficult for thejuniors but rather too easy for the seniors. It was a nice house,but _ too small for a family of five. A.rarely B.fairly C.rather D.pretty【解析】【答案】【解析】【答案】C 考查副詞辨析?？疾楦痹~辨析。 rarely很少；很少；fairly相當(dāng)；相當(dāng)；rather相當(dāng)；相當(dāng)；pretty很；相當(dāng)。很；相

37、當(dāng)。rather可以可以與比較級(jí)、與比較級(jí)、too及動(dòng)詞連用，而及動(dòng)詞連用，而fairly與與pretty則不能。則不能。still, yet, alreadystill, yet, alreadyalready表示某事已經(jīng)發(fā)生;yet表示期待某事發(fā)生；still表示某事還在進(jìn)行，主要用于肯定句。He has already finished his homework.He hasnt finished his homework yet.He is still doing his homework now. The guests are _ here. But the The guests a

38、re _ here. But the meat is not ready _. It _ meat is not ready _. It _ has to be cooked for another five has to be cooked for another five minutes.minutes. Have you finished the work Have you finished the work _? You are very speedy. _? You are very speedy. already alreadystillstill yet yet yet yet

39、英語(yǔ)中有的副詞兼有兩種形式：一種是與形英語(yǔ)中有的副詞兼有兩種形式：一種是與形容詞同形；另一種是在該形容詞后面加副容詞同形；另一種是在該形容詞后面加副詞詞綴詞詞綴-ly構(gòu)成。這兩種形式的副詞在詞義構(gòu)成。這兩種形式的副詞在詞義上和用法上有一定的差異，有的甚至完全上和用法上有一定的差異，有的甚至完全不同。不同。firm穩(wěn)固地穩(wěn)固地 firmly堅(jiān)固地堅(jiān)固地direct徑直地徑直地 directly恰好，直接，坦率地恰好，直接，坦率地free自由地、免費(fèi)地自由地、免費(fèi)地 freely自由自在地自由自在地flat平淡地平淡地 flatly直截了當(dāng)?shù)刂苯亓水?dāng)?shù)豀igh 高高地高高地 highly 高度得高

40、度得just正好正好 justly公正地公正地late遲、晚遲、晚 lately最近最近near近近 nearly幾乎幾乎pretty相當(dāng)?shù)叵喈?dāng)?shù)?prettily優(yōu)美地優(yōu)美地sharp突然地、急劇地突然地、急劇地 sharply嚴(yán)厲地嚴(yán)厲地short（suddenly）突然）突然 shortly 不久不久even甚至甚至 evenly平均地平均地clean完全地、徑直地完全地、徑直地 cleanly清潔地清潔地 利索地利索地 clear隔開、不接觸隔開、不接觸 clearly清晰地，明顯地清晰地，明顯地close近近 closely緊密地、接近緊密地、接近地地easy安適地安適地 easil

41、y容易地容易地dead突然地，完全地突然地，完全地 deadly死一般地、非死一般地、非常常 fair公平地，正直地公平地，正直地 fairly相當(dāng)?shù)叵喈?dāng)?shù)豩ard努力地努力地 hardly幾乎沒有幾乎沒有most最最 mostly重要地重要地 right直接地、立即直接地、立即 rightly公正地、正確公正地、正確地地I clean forgot to ask her.Jack caught the ball cleanly.He lives close by the village.We must look closely at the problems.After a days har

42、d work, he was dead tired.The book is deadly dull.The birds are flying high.He is a highly skilled worker.He has been working late.I havent seen him lately.The film director is pretty known.非常非常We are prettily dressed.穿得很漂亮穿得很漂亮The road turns sharp/sharply to the right.突然突然He turns around sharp/shar

43、ply.突然突然1. The bread is _ than these cakes A. very delicious B. much delicious C. more delicious D. as delicious2. Lin Tao jumped _ in the long jump in the school sports meeting A. far B. farther C. farthest D. quite far3. When they met in the hotel . They talked and laughed _A. happily B. happy C. happier D. happiestCCA 4. In our