雅思長難句100句教師版

1、WORD格式雅思閱讀長難句分析1. It is imagined by many that the operations of the common mind can be by no means compared with these processes, and that they have to be acquired by a sort of special training.2. Whether the government should increase the financing of pure science at the expense of technology or vi

2、ce versa( 反之 ) often depends on the issue of which is seen as the driving force.3. How well the predictions will be validated by later performance depends upon the amount, reliability, and appropriateness of the information used and on the skill and wisdom with which it is interpreted.4.There is no

3、agreement whether methodology refers to the concepts peculiar to historical work in general or to the research techniques appropriate to the various branches of historical inquiry.5.Furthermore, it is obvious that the strength of a country s economy is directly bound up with the efficiency of its ag

4、riculture and industry, and that this in turn rests upon the efforts of scientists and technologists of all kinds.-1-5答案 -1. It is imagined by many that the operations of the common mind can be by no means compared with these processes, and that they have to be acquired by a sort of special training

5、.譯文：許多人認為，普通人的思維活動根本無法與科學家的思維過程相比，認為這些思維過程必須經(jīng)過某種專門訓練才能掌握。要點：句子的框架是it is imagined,that, and that , 。這是典型的句型it + is + p. p. 過去分詞 + that clause。 it 是形式主語，句子真正的主語是兩個并列的that 引導的主語從句，由連詞 and 連接。operation 此處不能譯成“操作 ，根據(jù)上下文應譯成“活動 ，這里的 processes 要譯成“思維過程，而不能簡單地理解成“過程 。2. Whether the government should increase

6、 the financing of pure science at the expense of technology or vice versa( 反之 ) often depends on the issue of which is seen as the driving force.譯文：政府終究是以減少對技術的經(jīng)費投入來增加對純理論科學的經(jīng)費投入還是相反，這往往取決于把哪一方看作是驅(qū)動的力量要點：句子的框架是 whether , or, often depends on , 。 whether , or 引導了主語從句作句子的主語， financing 這里根據(jù)上下文要譯成“經(jīng)費投入

7、；介詞構(gòu)造 of which is seen as thedriving force 是賓語 the issue 的后置定語， of 介詞構(gòu)造中又包含了 which 引導的介詞賓語從句。3. How well the predictions will be validated by later performance depends upon the amount, reliability, and appropriateness of the information used and on the skill and wisdom with which it is interpreted.譯

8、文：這些預測在多大程度上為后來的表現(xiàn)所證實，這取決于所采用信息的數(shù)量、可靠性和適宜性，以及解釋這些信息的技能和才智要點：句子的框架是 how , depends on , and on , 。句子的主語由 how 引導的主語從句擔任；謂語動詞詞組 depends on 后面跟了兩個由 and 連接的并列賓語，在第二個賓語中，介詞with + which引導的定語從句修飾先行詞the skill and wisdom 。專業(yè)資料整理WORD格式1專業(yè)資料整理WORD格式4. There is no agreement whether methodology refers to the conce

9、pts peculiar to historical work in general or to the research techniques appropriate to the various branches of historical inquiry.譯文：所謂方法論是指一般的歷史研究中的特有概念，還是指歷史探究中各個具體領域適用的研究手段，人們對此意見不一。要點：句子的框架是there is no agreement whether ,or ,。主句是there is no agreement,agreement 后面緊跟了由whether 引導的同位語從句作同位語；在同位語從句中

10、，謂語動詞短語refers to 跟了兩個由連詞or 連接的并列賓語： a. the concepts peculiar to historical work in general; b.the research techniques appropriate to the various branches of historical inquiry。在第一個賓語中，形容詞詞組peculiar to historical work和介詞詞組in general 作后置定語修飾the concepts；在第二個賓語中同樣有形容詞詞組appropriate ,to ,of historicalinq

11、uiry作后置定語修飾theresearch techniques。5. Furthermore, it is obvious that the strength of a country s economy is directly bound up with theefficiency of its agriculture and industry , and that this in turn rests upon the efforts of scientists and technologists of all kinds.譯文：再者，顯而易見的是一個國家的經(jīng)濟實力與其工農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)效率密

12、切相關，而效率的提高那么又有賴于各種科技人員的努力要點：句子的框架是furthermore, it is obvious that , and that , 。這是典型的句型it + is + obvious+ that clause 。 it 是形式主語，真正的主語是由連詞and 連接的兩個并列的主語從句：a. that thestrength is , bound with , ; b. and that this , rests upon the efforts , 。第一個主語從句中的詞組 be bound up with 是“與 , 有關聯(lián) 之意；在第二個主語從句中， 代詞 this

13、 指代前文的 the efficiency of its agriculture and industry ，譯為“效率的提高。專業(yè)資料整理WORD格式2專業(yè)資料整理WORD格式6.What could be a key to jet lag and winter blues is the hormone melatonin, which is known to regulate body rhythms.7.There are now 31 million kids in the 12-to-19 age group, and demographers predict that there

14、will be35 million teens by 2021, a population bigger than even the baby boom at its peak.8.It seemed almost unbelievable but what appeared to be happening was that the fault was actually being lubricated by the injection of the fluid.9.It is scarcely surprising, then, that education systems have for

15、 several decades past been severely criticized, partly on the ground that education prepares people to live in an already outdated society.10.There are strong grounds for thinking that the health of both individuals and societies derives from what were able to put into life, rather than what we try

16、to get out of it.-6-10答案 -6. What could be a key to jet lag and winter blues is the hormone melatonin, which is known to regulate body rhythms.譯文：能解除時差綜合癥和冬季憂郁癥的關鍵是荷爾蒙褪黑激素，人們知道這種激素能夠調(diào)節(jié)人體節(jié)奏。要點：句子的框架是what ,is the hormone melatonin which is, 。 what 引導了一個主語從句，而謂語局部中由which 引導了非限制性定語從句hormone melatonin 。句

17、中 jet-lag 是“時差綜合癥， blues 不能譯成“藍色 ，而是“憂郁之意。7. There are now 31 million kids in the 12-to-19 age group, and demographers predict that there will be 35 million teens by 2021, a population bigger than even the baby boom at its peak.譯文： 12 歲至 19 歲年齡組的孩子目前有 3100 萬，人口學家預測，到2021年他們將到達 3500 萬，比二戰(zhàn)后生育頂峰期出生的孩子還

18、多要點：句子的框架是there are ,kids , and demographers predict that , 。這是一個并列復合句，在第二個并列分句中，謂語動詞predict 后面跟了一個that 引導的賓語從句；在that 賓語從句中， a population bigger than even the baby boom at its peak 是 35 million teens 的同位語。8. It seemed almost unbelievable but what appeared to be happening was that the fault was actua

19、lly being lubricated by the injection of the fluid.譯文：地球內(nèi)的斷層正在被人們注入的液體所潤滑，這幾乎是難以令人相信的，但是這確實正在發(fā)生。要點：句子的框架是it seemed ,but what ,was that , 。句子由but 連接的兩個并列分句構(gòu)成： a. it seemed almost unbelievable; b. what appeared to be happening was that,在第二個分句中， what 引導了主語從句擔任主語， that 引導了表語從句。這里 injection 不能譯成“注射 ，根據(jù)上下

20、文要譯成“注入 。專業(yè)資料整理WORD格式3專業(yè)資料整理WORD格式9. It is scarcely surprising, then, that education systems have for several decades past been severely criticized, partly on the ground that education prepares people to live in an already outdated society.譯文：那么教育體制在過去幾十年中受到嚴厲的批評，就不那么令人感到驚訝了，批評者的局部根據(jù)是，這種教育培養(yǎng)人們在一種已過時

21、的社會中生存。要點：句子的框架是it is, surprising , that education system have , been , criticized,on the ground that, 。 it是形式主語，真正的主語是that 引導的主語從句，而主語從句又包含了 that 引導的同位語從句that education prepares people to live in an already outdated society 作介詞詞組 on the ground 中 ground 的同位語， ground 這里的意思是“根據(jù)。10.There are strong gro

22、unds for thinking that the health of both individuals and societies derives from what were able to put into life, rather than what we try to get out of it.要點：句子的框架是there are ,grounds for thinkingthat the health,derives from what ,rather than what , 。介詞構(gòu)造for thinking, 中包含了that 引導的賓語從句作分詞thinking 的賓語；

23、而這個賓語從句中又包含了兩個并列的介詞賓語從句：a. what we re able to put into life; b.what we try to get out of it.兩個賓語從句由rather than 連接。譯文：至于個人和社會的*可以以這樣的理由來衡量，我們對生活能夠付出多少而不是我們能向生活取得多少。專業(yè)資料整理WORD格式4專業(yè)資料整理WORD格式11. It therefore becomes more and more important that, if students are not to waste their opportunities, there w

24、ill have to be much more detailed information about courses and more advice.12. Experts are debating whether we should burden young children with mental computation, or encourage the use of calculators to relieve children of hard work and free their minds to understand math concepts.13. The announce

25、ment by Boeing that it has decided to scrap plans to build a futuristic, high-speedplane called the sonic cruiser brings an end to one of the most imaginative and some say quixotic projects in recent aerospace engineering14. A religious sect that contends that space travelers created the human race

26、by cloning themselves declared Friday that the first cloned human had been born, but it offered few details and no evidence to support the claim.15.Yet no such effect had been detected in any of the ingenious and delicate experiments that physicists had devised: the velocity 速度 of light did not vary

27、.-11-15答案 -11. It therefore becomes more and more important that, if students are not to waste their opportunities, there will have to be much more detailed information about courses and more advice.譯文：因此，如果要使學生充分利用他們上大學的時機，就得為他們提供大量關于課程的更為詳盡的信息，做更多的指導。這個問題顯得越來越重要了。要點：句子的框架是it ,becomes ,that, if , t

28、here willhave to be, 。 it 是形式主語， that引導的主語從句是句子的真正主語，在that 從句中， if 引導了條件狀語從句。12. Experts are debating whether we should burden young children with mental computation, or encourage the use of calculators to relieve children of hard work and free their minds to understand math concepts.譯文：我們應該用心算來增加孩子

29、們的負擔，還是應該鼓勵他們使用計算器來減輕其繁重的學習任務，使他們不再費心去理解抽象的數(shù)學概念，專家們對此尚未達成一致。要點：句子的框架是experts are debating whether we should , or encourage, 。句子的主語局部是 experts are debating , ，而 whether ,or ,引導了賓語從句作謂語動詞are debating 的賓語。其中 burden,with , 是“使 , 背上負擔之意；在后半句or encourage the use of calculators torelieve children of hard w

30、ork and free their minds to understand math concepts 中，兩個并列的不定式短語 to relieve , of , 和 to free, to understand , 作目的狀語。 另外，詞組 relieve somebodyof something 指“減輕, 。13. The announcement by Boeing that it has decided to scrap plans to build a futuristic, high-speed plane called the sonic cruiser brings an

31、 end to one of the most imaginative and some say quixotic projects in recent aerospace engineering.譯文：波音公司宣布放棄修建一種名叫“音速游艇的新潮、高速飛機的方案，這一決定使近年來航空工程中最富想象力還有人稱純屬空想的方案落了空。要點：句子的框架是 the announcement, that is has decided, brings an end to , 。主語 the announcement 后面跟了一個 that 引導的同位語從句， 在 that 從句中， 動詞不定式短語 to

32、build , called the sonic cruiser 作 plan 的后置定語，而不定式短語中的過去分詞短語 called the sonic cruiser作 plane 的后置定語；破折號之后的and some say 是插入語。專業(yè)資料整理WORD格式5專業(yè)資料整理WORD格式14. A religious sect that contends that space travelers created the human race by cloning themselves declared Friday that the first cloned human had bee

33、n born, but it offered few details and no evidence to support the claim.譯文：一個宣稱人類是由外星人克隆而成的邪教組織于星期五宣布第一個克隆人已出生，但它沒有談及過多細節(jié)，也沒有提供任何證據(jù)。要點：句子的框架是a religious sect ,declared ,that , but it offered , 。這個句子中，由but連接了兩個并列分句。在前一個分句中，由that 引導的定語從句that contends that,by cloningthemselves 修飾先行詞a religious sect，而定語

34、從句中又包含了that 引導的賓語從句作動詞contends 的賓語。15.Yet no such effect had been detected in any of the ingenious and delicate experiments that physicists had devised: the velocity 速度 of light did not vary.譯文：然而在任何物理學家所進展過的精細巧妙的實驗中，都沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)這種影響：光速沒有變化。要點：定語從句的構(gòu)造是簡單的主謂賓構(gòu)造，翻譯成前置的定語詞組。專業(yè)資料整理WORD格式6專業(yè)資料整理WORD格式16. If the

35、 probe takes, say, 100 years to make a copy of itself, then the average speed at which all probes would spread throughout the galaxy 星系 would be about 1/25th the speed of light17. But such troubles is confined mainly to the railways on which the current is picked up from a third rail rather than fro

36、m overhead conductors.18. As brighter areas of the image eject more electrons than the darker or shaded portions, an electronic image is produced in which varying degrees of positive charge duplicate light intensities seen in the scene being pictured.19. To kill weed which may sprawl rampantly among

37、 crops in the first several years, effective weedicide is needed to play the same role as ploughing fields does to eliminate weed.20. At a large terminal railway station, the work of the station master is largely administrative becauseof the extent of the operations and the staff of which he is in c

38、ommand.-16-20答案 -16. If the probe takes, say, 100 years to make a copy of itself, then the average speed at which all probes would spread throughout the galaxy 星系 would be about 1/25th the speed of light.譯文：如果探測體需要，比方說， 100 年時間來生成自己的副體，那么所有探測體傳遍整個星系的平均速度大約為光速的 1/2517. but such troubles is confined m

39、ainly to the railways on which the current is picked up from a third rail rather than from overhead conductors.譯文：但是，這樣的問題主要局限于從第三軌而不是從高架線得到電力的那些鐵路上。要點：在限制性定語從句中有一個固定短語 rather than，我們還是把它翻譯成稍復雜的帶“的的定語從句。18. As brighter areas of the image eject more electrons than the darker or shaded portions, an el

40、ectronic image is produced in which varying degrees of positive charge duplicate light intensities seen in the scene being pictured.譯文：因為圖像的較明亮的局部比黑暗的局部或者陰影局部發(fā)射的電子更多，所以產(chǎn)生的電子圖像隨正電荷的變化強度，使正在描述的熒幕上的光強度成倍增強。要點：在這句的定語從句中，有現(xiàn)在分詞作前置定語，及過去分詞作后置定語，翻譯成前置的定語詞組會生澀拗口。因此，將從句與主句分開翻譯，單獨成句。19. To kill weed which may

41、sprawl rampantly among crops in the first several years, effective weedicide is needed to play the same role as ploughing fields does to eliminate weed.譯文：在最初的幾年里，雜草可能在農(nóng)作物之間繁茂地蔓生，為了消滅這些雜草，需要有效的除草劑，發(fā)揮與耕地同樣的消滅雜草的作用。要點：這是一個典型的將定語從句譯為前置的并列分句的例子。專業(yè)資料整理WORD格式7專業(yè)資料整理WORD格式20. At a large terminal railway st

42、ation, the work of the station master is largely administrative because of the extent of the operations and the staff of which he is in command.譯文：在大的鐵路終點站，站長的工作主要是行政管理的，這是由于車站運營X圍廣、工作人員多。要點：在本句的翻譯中根本上看不出原句中定語從句of which he is in command 的痕跡。定語從句完全融入漢語翻譯中。專業(yè)資料整理WORD格式8專業(yè)資料整理WORD格式21. Attending servic

43、es at the Cathedral of Pisa, he found himself watching a swinging chandelier, which air currents shifted now in wide arcs, now in small ones.22. Although he got generally good grades and was outstanding in mathematics, Einstein hated the academic high school he was sent to in Munich, where success d

44、epended on memorization and obedience to arbitrary authority.23. One is the visible edge of the sun, which is a gaseous “surface from which visible light photons 光子 freely emerge.24. Rockets perform best in space, where there is no atmosphere to impede their motion25. Congress, which had met to cont

45、inue its protests to the crown, found itself raising an army and selecting George Washington as its commander in chief.-21-25答案 -21. Attending services at the Cathedral of Pisa, he found himself watching a swinging chandelier, which air currents shifted now in wide arcs, now in small ones.譯文：一次在比薩大教

46、堂做禮拜時，他發(fā)現(xiàn)自己正看著一個吊燈架，它隨著氣流時而劃一個大弧，時而劃一個小弧。要點：定語從句被翻譯為后置的并列分句，用人稱代詞“它代替先行詞“吊架燈。22. Although he got generally good grades and was outstanding in mathematics, Einstein hated the academic high school he was sent to in Munich, where success depended on memorization and obedience to arbitrary authority.譯文：

47、雖然愛因斯坦門門功課都很優(yōu)異，數(shù)學尤為突出，但他很討厭上這所慕尼黑的中學。在這所學校里成功取決于死機硬背和對專職權威的服從。要點： although 引導的讓步狀語從句和where 引導的非限制性定語從句。23. One is the visible edge of the sun, which is a gaseous “surface from which visible light photons 光子 freely emerge.譯文：一個例子就是太陽的邊緣，這是一個氣狀的外表，可見光的光子從中源源涌出。要點：本句在非限制性定語從句里又包含一個限制性定語從句，為了符合漢語表達習慣，我們

48、將兩個定語從句都譯為后置的并列分句。24. Rockets perform best in space, where there is no atmosphere to impede their motion譯文：火箭在太空中運行最正確，因為在那兒不存在阻礙他們運動的大氣。要點：在語義上，定語從句與主句的關系為因果關系，因此我們將定語從句譯為原因狀語從句。25. Congress, which had met to continue its protests to the crown, found itself raising an army and selecting George Wash

49、ington as its commander in chief.譯文：代表大會先前已集會決定繼續(xù)向英皇提抗議，而現(xiàn)在那么開展到招募兵員并推選喬治" 華盛頓為總司令了。要點：定語從句與先行詞融合起來，翻譯成時間狀語從句。專業(yè)資料整理WORD格式9專業(yè)資料整理WORD格式26. This food supply will not increase nearly enough to match this, which means that we are heading into a crisis in the matter of producing and marketing food.

50、27. Other issues that concern the body politic, such as crime, poverty, and welfare, are not easily linked to public support of scientific research, save at the educational level.28. In the Greek heritage of the west, myth has always been in tension with reason, which signified the rational and anal

51、ytic mode of arriving at a true account of reality.29. Medicine, like all branches of science, needs scholars who are able to develop appropriate "rule of evidence" and then apply those rules to the continuously flowing stream of new data to determine what is relevant.30. Behaviorists sugg

52、est that the child who is raised in an environment where there are many stimuliwhich develop his or her capacity for appropriate responses will experience greater intellectual development.-26-30答案 -26. This food supply will not increase nearly enough to match this, which means that we are heading in

53、to a crisis in the matter of producing and marketing food.要點：句子的框架是 the food supply will not increase. to match this, which means that we are heading into a crisis . 。關系代詞 which 引導非限制性定語從句。其先行詞是前面一整句。翻譯時譯成另一個分句。在這個從句中又包含了一個由that 引導的名詞從句作means 的賓語。指示代詞 this 在這兒指代上文的人口增長。譯文：食品供應的增加將趕不上人口的增長，這就意味著我們在糧食的生產(chǎn)和購銷方面正陷入危機。27. Other issues that concern the body politic, such as crime, poverty, and welfare, are not easily linked to public support of scientific research, save at the educati