新概念第二冊(cè)第21課

1、.Lesson 21Mad or not? .New words md ri:zn sm dit:mind mad reasonsum determinedadj.發(fā)瘋n.原因 n.量 adj.堅(jiān)定的，下決心的.mad adj 發(fā)瘋的發(fā)瘋的1.be mad 發(fā)瘋，發(fā)狂 （強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài)） 2.“為而瘋狂（著迷）”的表示方法：be mad about Im mad about English.be crazy about go mad 發(fā)瘋，發(fā)狂 （強(qiáng)調(diào)轉(zhuǎn)變） go crazy go insane （insaneinsein adj. 患精神病的，精神病患者的，極愚蠢的）go bananas （go+

2、adj.變得)They are going bananas. =going crazy=going mad (變瘋了) I slowly go insane/go crazy/go mad/go bananas.3.be mad at sb 生某人的氣4.drive sb mad 逼瘋.reason 1)n. 原因原因for this reason 由于這個(gè)原因由于這個(gè)原因For this reason, I was late.由于這個(gè)原因，我遲到了。由于這個(gè)原因，我遲到了。for some reason 由于某個(gè)原因由于某個(gè)原因 ( some: 某一個(gè)，加可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)某一個(gè)，加可數(shù)名詞單數(shù))

3、give a reason 提出理由提出理由the root reason 根本原因根本原因the reason is that 理由是理由是the reason whyis that 的理由是的理由是eg. The reason why I study English is that I envy those who speak English well. 我學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的理由是我羨慕那些講英語(yǔ)很好的人。我學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的理由是我羨慕那些講英語(yǔ)很好的人。. 2) 理性，正常心智理性，正常心智eg. Only man has reason. 只有人類才有理性。只有人類才有理性。 lose ones re

4、ason 喪失理智喪失理智beyond all reasons 毫無(wú)道理毫無(wú)道理bring a person to reason 使（某人）明白道理，使不做糊涂事使（某人）明白道理，使不做糊涂事reasonable adj. 合情合理的，良好的，尚可的合情合理的，良好的，尚可的at a reasonable price 以合理的價(jià)格以合理的價(jià)格cause 導(dǎo)致某事發(fā)生的起因?qū)е履呈掳l(fā)生的起因the cause of the fire 大火的起因大火的起因eg. Smoking is one of the causes of lung cancer. 吸煙是肺癌的起因之一。吸煙是肺癌的起因之一。

5、.sum n. 量量a large sum of:大量的大量的，喜歡跟錢連用，喜歡跟錢連用一大筆錢一大筆錢a large sum of money.sum n. 量量 表“許多”的短語(yǔ)： a great many + pl. a great/large number of + pl. an amount of (money) a (large)sum of (money)修飾貨幣 n. 大意，要旨大意，要旨the sum of a speech 演講大意sum up (1) 合計(jì) sum up all the expenses 把所有的花費(fèi)加起來(lái) (2) 總結(jié)，概括eg. To sum up,

6、 he agrees with us. 總的來(lái)說(shuō)，他同意我們的觀點(diǎn)。in sum = in a word / in short / in brief 總之，要言之.determined adj 堅(jiān)定的，下決心的堅(jiān)定的，下決心的determine vt. 決定，確定，影響決定，確定，影響determine a date for a meeting 確定開會(huì)的日期確定開會(huì)的日期determine on sth 決定做某事決定做某事determine to do stheg. We determined to study English hard. 我們決定要努我們決定要努力學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)。力學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)。b

7、e determined to do sth.下決心做某事下決心做某事eg. I am determined to stay here. 我決定留下來(lái)。我決定留下來(lái)。 表示下決心做某事，句型知多少？表示下決心做某事，句型知多少？make up ones mind to do sthdecide to do sthmake a decision to do sth.課文講解課文講解Mad or not?.Aeroplanes are slowly driving me mad. I live near an airport and passing planescan be heard night

8、 and day.飛機(jī)正在逐漸把我逼瘋。我住在一個(gè)機(jī)場(chǎng)附近，過(guò)往飛機(jī)日夜不絕于耳The airport was built years ago, but for some reason it could not be used then. Last year,however, it came into use.機(jī)場(chǎng)是許多年前建的，但由于某種原因當(dāng)時(shí)未能啟用。然而去年 機(jī)場(chǎng)開始使用了.Over a hundred people must have been driven away from their homes by the noise.有100 多人肯定是被噪音逼得已經(jīng)棄家遠(yuǎn)去I am on

9、e of the few people left. Sometimes I think this house will be knocked down by a passing plane.我是少數(shù)留下來(lái)的人中的一個(gè)。有時(shí)我覺(jué)得這房子就要被一架飛過(guò)的飛機(jī)撞倒I have been offered a large sum of money to go away, but I am determined to stay here.他們?cè)蛭姨峁┮淮蠊P錢讓我搬走，但我決定留在這兒Everybody says I must be mad and theyare probably right.大家都說(shuō)我

10、肯定是瘋了，也許他們說(shuō)的是對(duì)的。1、Mad or not? = mad or not mad? or not 在疑問(wèn)詞的后面，表示在疑問(wèn)詞的后面，表示“是還不是是還不是”，選擇，選擇概念概念2、Aeroplanes are slowly driving me mad. 1). aeroplane = airplane 飛機(jī)飛機(jī) 2). drive sb mad 把某人逼瘋把某人逼瘋 e.g. You are driving me mad. drive (drove , driven) eg. He drives his car very badly. 3、I live near an airp

11、ort and passing planes can be heard night and day. night and day He forgot the man with passing time. sleeping baby 正在睡覺(jué)的小孩 waiting car 正在等待的車.4、The airport was built years ago, but for some reason it could not be used then.1) years前面不加確定的數(shù)詞時(shí)，一般表示“許多年”years ago = many years ago，weeks等的用法與它相似 I have

12、not seen him for weeks.2)for some reason由于某個(gè)理由 some+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)：可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)： 某一某一 some book some+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)：可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)：一些一些 some books some+不可數(shù)名詞：不可數(shù)名詞： 一些一些 some water Ill tell you some day.Well talk about it some other time. 5. Last year,however,it came into use. Over a hundredpeople must have been driven away from

13、 their homes bythe noise.1) come into use:投入使用投入使用(永無(wú)被動(dòng)，物作主語(yǔ)）永無(wú)被動(dòng)，物作主語(yǔ)） come into:進(jìn)入得到、獲得財(cái)富進(jìn)入得到、獲得財(cái)富eg. The airport came into use last year. 這個(gè)機(jī)場(chǎng)去年投入使用。這個(gè)機(jī)場(chǎng)去年投入使用。 go out of use 停止使用停止使用2) over = more than3) away from 離開離開4) Home ,family與與 house 的區(qū)別的區(qū)別home:家家,強(qiáng)調(diào)有感情強(qiáng)調(diào)有感情;house僅僅指房子僅僅指房子;family:家人家人 6

14、.I am one of the few people left. Sometimes I think this house will be knocked down by a passing plane. 1). one of +名詞復(fù)數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù) +謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單數(shù)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單數(shù)+形容詞的最高形容詞的最高2）left表示被留下來(lái)的，表示被留下來(lái)的，leave-left-left , left作作定語(yǔ)后置定語(yǔ)后置,常放常放n.后后. left 剩下的剩下的東西，相當(dāng)于東西，相當(dāng)于“Who are left (by the others) 其他人走了留下他們其他人走了留下他們” I have a

15、bag left. There is ten cents left in my pocket. （cent sent n.(貨幣單位貨幣單位)分分, 分幣）分幣） .3)、sometimes 有時(shí)候有時(shí)候 sometime （過(guò)去或?qū)?lái)）某時(shí)候（過(guò)去或?qū)?lái)）某時(shí)候 some time 一段時(shí)間一段時(shí)間 4、knock down 拆散，撞倒拆散，撞倒 knock at 敲敲 knock out 打昏打昏 knock off 下班；從下班；從碰下去；優(yōu)惠，碰下去；優(yōu)惠，折扣折扣 knock over 撞翻，打翻，撞倒撞翻，打翻，撞倒. I have been offered a large sum

16、 of money to go away, but I am determined to stay here. offer v. 提供（相當(dāng)于given） offer help 提供幫助 offer a sum of money 提供一筆錢 offer a job 提供一份工作 offer sb sth offer sth to sb give sb. sth.被動(dòng)sb. be given sth. give sth. to sb.被動(dòng) sth. be given to sb. be determined to do sth 下定決心要做. Special difficultiesDriveD

17、rive1 1、drive drive 開車開車2 2、drive sb. mad drive sb. mad 把某人逼瘋把某人逼瘋3 3、drive sb.back drive sb.back 把某人攆回去把某人攆回去4 4、drive into drive into 把把趕趕進(jìn)進(jìn)5 5、drive out of drive out of 趕出趕出6、他開車開得很糟糕。7、農(nóng)夫把牛趕進(jìn)田里。8、我們的軍隊(duì)把敵人攆了回去。9、戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)期間，許多人被趕出了家園。.home ,family與與 house 的區(qū)別的區(qū)別home:家家,強(qiáng)調(diào)有感情強(qiáng)調(diào)有感情house:僅僅指房子僅僅指房子family:家

18、人家人 . 動(dòng)詞語(yǔ)態(tài)動(dòng)詞語(yǔ)態(tài)英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有兩種語(yǔ)態(tài) 主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者 Many people speak English.(主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)) English is spoken by many people.(被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)).被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)構(gòu)成 助動(dòng)詞助動(dòng)詞+及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞 （ be + P.P.). 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的基本形式：be + done一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：過(guò)去完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：am/is/are + donewas/were + doneam/i

19、s/are + being donewas/were + being donehave/has + been donehad + been done. 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的基本形式：be + done一般將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：will/shall + be done;is/am/are going to be donemust/can(could)/may(might)/+ be donemust/can(could)/may(might)/+ have been done.以以see為例，比較主動(dòng)語(yǔ)和態(tài)被為例，比較主動(dòng)語(yǔ)和態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)形式動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)形式.肯定句，否定句及疑問(wèn)句如下

20、。Cars are made in Changchun. Cars are not made in Changchun. -Are cars made in Changchun? (-Yes, they are./No,they arent.) Where are cars made? p26.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)使用方法被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)使用方法 不知道動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者是誰(shuí)，或沒(méi)有必要指出不知道動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者是誰(shuí)，或沒(méi)有必要指出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)。動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)。 My bike was stolen last night. Letters are collected at eight every morning. 2.

21、為了強(qiáng)調(diào)或突出動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí)。為了強(qiáng)調(diào)或突出動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí)。 The desk was made by Master Wang. The bag was taken away by his sister. .3. 為了更好地安排句子為了更好地安排句子 The well-known person got on the bus and was immediately recognized by people. 4. 在上下文中，為了使句子間連接緊密時(shí)。在上下文中，為了使句子間連接緊密時(shí)。 I have a new skirt. It was given to me as a birthday pr

22、esent by my aunt. .將下列句子改成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 1.We use English as a foreign language. English is used as a foreign language( by us) 2. People write business letters in English Business letters are written( by people) in English. 3.They make telephone calls in English. Telephone calls are made( by them) in English

23、.主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)注意主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)注意1、含直接賓語(yǔ)和間接賓語(yǔ)的主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)有兩種情況: 2、Eg He gave the boy an apple. (1)把間接賓語(yǔ)改為主語(yǔ),直接賓語(yǔ)保留不變: The boy was given an apple (2)把直接賓語(yǔ)改為主語(yǔ),此時(shí),間接賓語(yǔ)前要 加to或for. An apple was given to the boy. (give, pass, show, send- to ) (buy, draw, make, -for ).4.Travelers and business people use English

24、. English is used by travelers and business.5.Farmers grow rice in Zhejiang. Rice is grown by farmers in Zhejiang.Consolidation (鞏固） 在這個(gè)地方小汽車經(jīng)常被偷。 這個(gè)報(bào)告上個(gè)星期一交了。 這本書正在寫。 當(dāng)我上次去那里的時(shí)候，這些建筑物正在建造中。 我已經(jīng)被提供了一個(gè)新的職位。 這間酒店以前已經(jīng)被預(yù)定過(guò)了。 她將會(huì)被給予這些錢。 這次旅程將會(huì)被取消。 8.我找不到我的提包。它肯定被人偷走了。. Cars are often stolen in the place.

25、 The report was handed in last Monday. The book is being written now. The buildings were being built when I was there last time. I have been offered a new position. The hotel had been booked before.7.She will be given the money. The trip is going to be canceled.8.I cant find my bag. It must have bee

26、n stolen.Tell the story1、Aeroplanes - slowly - mad2 、live - airport - passing planes - heard - and day3、airport - built - years ago - not used4、Last year - came - use5、hundred - driven away - homes - noise6、I - one - few - left 7、think - house - knocked down - plane 8、offered - sum - go - determined

27、 - here 9、Everybody - mad - probably right .( ) Our room must _ clean. A. keep B. be kept C. to be kept D. to keep ( ) -Id like to buy that coat.-Im sorry. _. A. it sold B. its selling C. Its been sold D. it had been soldBC.( ) Doctors _ in every part of the world. A. need B. are needing C. are needed D. will need( ) These papers _ yet. have not w