英語標(biāo)點(diǎn)用法PPT課件

1、逗號的用法(comma)1.在并列連詞（and, but, for, nor, or, yet ）前使用，用來連接句中的各分句。 One molecule of sulphuric acid contains two atoms of hydrogen, one atom of sulphur, and four atoms of oxygen.2. 逗號用來分隔與句子其他部分密切相連的簡短插入語或旁白。 Research into catalysis has been stimulated by the meeds of the industry and, in turn, better,

2、more efficient catalysts have been discovered. 第1頁/共14頁逗號的用法(comma)3. 用逗號來分隔一系列單詞、詞組和從句。 The chemical engineer must work closely with mechanical, electrical, civil, and metallurgical engineers in order to design and operate the physical equipment in a plant.4.在并列形容詞，即分別修飾同一個名詞的形容詞之間使用逗號，但也有的形容詞之間不加逗

3、號的。 Combinatorial chemistry is one of the important new methodologies developed by academics and researchers in the pharmaceutical ,agrochemical,and biotechnology industries to reduce the time and costs associated with producing effective,marketable, and competitve new drugs.第2頁/共14頁逗號的用法(comma)5. 用

4、逗號來分隔非限定性修飾語，即該修飾語對于句子的意義并非必不可少。(1) 同位語 About a quarter of all production world wide goes into vinyl chloride, the monomer for making PVC.(2) 從句 The chemical industry today is a very diverse sector of manufacturing industry, within which it plays a central role.(3) 副詞短語和從句 By the way, did you hear a

5、bout Sues car?第3頁/共14頁句號的用法(a full point)1. 用以表示一個句子的結(jié)束。 The chemical industrys interest in polymers dates back to the 19th century.2. 用在縮寫中。省略詞一般加句號，如：Mr. Mrs. Ms. B.A. p.m.。 B.C. is the province located on the West Coast.第4頁/共14頁問號的用法(a full point)1.一個文句涉及多項(xiàng)時，各項(xiàng)之后皆可打問號： Did she buy butter? milk? e

6、ggs? apples? books?2.放在括號中的問號表示不能肯定它前面的那個詞、數(shù)字或日期的準(zhǔn)確性： The author of this strange book was born in 1078(?) and died in 1135.第5頁/共14頁冒號的用法(colon)1. 列舉一系列對等成分 However ,they can be divided into four classes: centrifugal pumps, reciprocating pumps, rotary pumps and special pumps.2.用于主副標(biāo)題間 Chemistry: A Sc

7、ience for the Twenty-First Century.3.常用于“as follows” , “the following” The economic advantages will vary depending on the following factors : fluid viscosity , density , and chemical reactivity.第6頁/共14頁冒號的用法(colon) 4.將冒號置于動詞及其補(bǔ)語或賓語之間是不正確的。 The four steps in the procedure are observation, analysis, d

8、ocumentation, and recommendation. (not The four steps in the procedure are: )第7頁/共14頁1.分?jǐn)嗖⒘袕?fù)合句，此時不需并列連詞 For these reasons , crystal size distribution(CSD) must be under control ； it is a prime objective in the design and operation of crystallizers. 2.分?jǐn)嘁押禾柕牟⒘芯?Each valve has a handle or hand-wheel

9、for its operation, a stem to transmit the motion of the hand-wheel to the closure; a closure , which may be a gate , plug or disk ; and the seat in or on which this device rests.分號的用法(semicolon)第8頁/共14頁分號的用法(semicolon)3.用于以連接副詞或諸如 “that is”，“however”，“therefore”，“hence”，“ indeed”，“accordingly”，“besi

10、des”，和“thus”等常用短語連接的獨(dú)立分句之間。 Many kinetic models have been investigated; however, the first-order reaction were studied most extensively. The proposed intermediate is not easily accessible; therefore, the final product is observed initially.第9頁/共14頁引號的用法(quotation marks)引用完整的句子，句首大寫，若引號內(nèi)是句子的一部分，句首不用大

11、寫.逗號、句號位于引號內(nèi). It has been said that a nanometer is “a magic point on the length scale , for this is the point where the smallest man-made devices meet the atoms and molecules of the natural world .” It was stated that “Nanoscience and technology will change the nature of almost every human-made object in the next century.”第10頁/共14頁使用冒號或斜線表示比，而不用短破折號（en dash）。在混合物的組分間使用斜線或en dash, 但不使冒號。 d