《航空專業(yè)英語(yǔ)》課件飛機(jī)結(jié)構(gòu)修理專業(yè)英語(yǔ)

1、結(jié)構(gòu)修理專業(yè)英語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)修理車間：古曉文2014年4月14日Aircraft Furnishing飛機(jī)客艙設(shè)備Compartments Location Compartments Location furnishing 客艙設(shè)備 cockpit 駕駛艙stair bay客梯艙wing center box中央翼盒 cabin客艙accessory compartment 附件艙cargo compartment 貨艙bulk cargo compartment 散裝貨艙A. cabin attendant seat 乘務(wù)員座椅B. curtain 隔簾C. galley/buffet 廚房/餐具柜

2、D. lavatory 廁所E. stowage 儲(chǔ)藏間F. passenger compartment seat 客艙座椅G. floor covering (carpet)地板覆層（地毯）H. overhead stowage compartment行李架J. lining 襯層、裝飾板K. emergency exit 應(yīng)急出口L. passenger service unit 旅客服務(wù)組件armrest 扶手seat belt 座椅安全帶seat cushion 坐墊backrest靠背food tray 餐桌板life vest 救生衣pouch 儲(chǔ)存袋baggage bar 行李圍

3、欄framework 框架recline后靠captain 機(jī)長(zhǎng)first officer 副駕駛occupant 乘員oxygen mask 氧氣面罩partition wall 隔板stanchion支柱tie down point 系留點(diǎn)emergency equipment應(yīng)急設(shè)備escape rope撤離繩descent device emergency應(yīng)急下落裝置single/dual lane slide單/雙通道滑梯raft救生船The emergency equipment is installed in the aircraft for the safety of the

4、passengers and the crew. 安裝在飛機(jī)上的應(yīng)急設(shè)備為旅客和機(jī)組乘員提供安全保護(hù)。The cockpit is equipped with adjustable seats for two crew members, a third occupant seat and a folding seat for a fourth occupant.駕駛艙安裝有兩個(gè)可調(diào)節(jié)的機(jī)組座椅，一個(gè)第三乘員座椅和一個(gè)可折疊的第四乘員座椅。Fasteners attach the upper part of the decorative panels to the attachment fitt

5、ings mounted on the aircraft structure. 緊固件將裝飾板的上部連接到安裝在飛機(jī)結(jié)構(gòu)上的接頭上。Adjust the hinge to get the dimension C clearance between the lavatory door and the door frame. 調(diào)節(jié)鉸鏈以達(dá)到廁所門和門框之間的間隙尺寸C。DO NOT TOUCH THE UNIT UNTIL IT IS SUFFICIENTLY COOL TO PREVENT BURNS WHEN YOU DO THE MAINTENANCE TASK(S). 不要接觸部件直到其完

6、全冷卻以防執(zhí)行維護(hù)任務(wù)時(shí)燙傷。The Bulk cargo compartment has tie down/attachment points for the door nets and for the nets and straps which keep the bulk cargo in place. 散裝貨艙安裝有連接門網(wǎng)和散貨固定網(wǎng)及束帶的系留點(diǎn)。Escape slide inflation is automatic if the door is opened with the Emergency Control Handle (ECH) in the ARMED mode. 如果應(yīng)

7、急控制手柄（ECH）在ARMED(待命)模式時(shí)艙門打開，撤離滑梯自動(dòng)充氣。The thermal insulation is distributed through the pressurized fuselage, and is of different thickness, and installed in different ways. 隔熱層分布于整個(gè)承壓機(jī)身，厚度不同，并以不同的方式安裝。The seat pan is spring loaded to return the seat to the retracted position when it is not in use.當(dāng)不

8、使用時(shí)座板在彈簧力的作用下回到收起位置。Open the doors on coatroom and remove all the equipments to lighten the unit weight and to provide access to the seat track attachments.打開衣帽間門，移走所有設(shè)備以減輕部件重量并得以接近座椅導(dǎo)軌連接件。Aircraft Structure飛機(jī)結(jié)構(gòu)station (STA)站位frame (FR)隔框fuselage機(jī)身radome雷達(dá)罩pressure bulkhead承壓隔框nose機(jī)頭powerplant動(dòng)力裝置py

9、lon發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)吊架wing機(jī)翼vertical stabilizer垂直安定面horizontal stabilizer水平安定面tail cone尾錐windshield風(fēng)擋fixed window固定窗sliding window活動(dòng)窗clearview window活動(dòng)窗、觀察窗belly fairing機(jī)腹整流罩landing gear bay起落架艙passenger/crew door旅客/機(jī)組門、登機(jī)門floor structure地板結(jié)構(gòu)slat縫翼flap襟翼tab調(diào)整片spoiler擾流板aileron副翼wingtip翼尖fence翼刀rib肋板spar翼梁overwing

10、翼上的rudder方向舵elevator升降舵apron裙板、圍板leading edge前緣trailing edge后緣spar box梁盒attach fitting接頭nose cowl進(jìn)氣道、前環(huán)lnlet cowl進(jìn)氣道、前環(huán)fan cowl風(fēng)扇罩thrust reverser反推common nozzle尾噴管exhaust cone排氣錐duct函道primary structure主要結(jié)構(gòu)secondary structure次要結(jié)構(gòu)config構(gòu)型dorsal fin背鰭landing gear door起落架艙門cargo door貨艙門titanium plate鈦板s

11、andwich panel夾芯板bird impact鳥擊flight deck駕駛艙skin蒙皮support支撐longitudinal joint縱向接縫circumferential joint環(huán)向接縫stringer/ longeron 長(zhǎng)桁cross beam橫梁vertical strut立柱seat rail/track座椅導(dǎo)軌splice搭接帶keel beam龍骨梁crack stopper止裂板assembly組件The material, the function and the location of a component have an effect upon t

12、he type of protective treatment applied to a component. 部件的材料、功能和位置決定了用于該部件上的防護(hù)處理類型。Skin stiffeners make the fuselage skin stronger and are riveted to the skin in areas of high stress (door openings, emergency exits, cabin windows, etc.). 蒙皮加強(qiáng)件使機(jī)身蒙皮得到加強(qiáng)并且鉚接在高應(yīng)力區(qū)域（艙門開口、應(yīng)急出口、客艙窗等）的蒙皮上。The fuselage is

13、a semimonocoque structure, light alloy circular frames and longitudinal stringers support and strengthen the main fuselage skin.機(jī)身為半硬殼結(jié)構(gòu)，輕質(zhì)合金的環(huán)形隔框和縱向長(zhǎng)桁支撐并加強(qiáng)了主要機(jī)身蒙皮。 練習(xí)1：nose機(jī)頭 forward fuselage前機(jī)身 center fuselage中機(jī)身 rear fuselage后機(jī)身belly fairing 腹部整流罩tail cone尾錐，keel beam龍骨梁cargo 貨艙splice搭接板beam 橫梁 s

14、tringer長(zhǎng)桁 frame 隔框 Insulation blanket 隔熱棉r(nóng)adome雷達(dá)罩wing tip翼尖leading edge前緣trailing edge后緣spoiler 擾流板flap 襟翼aileron副翼 slat 縫翼front spar前梁rear spar后梁rib 翼肋web腹板horizontal stabilizer水平安定面vertical stabilizer垂直安定面rudder方向舵elevator升降舵dorsal fin背鰭Structure Damage結(jié)構(gòu)損傷scratch劃痕gouge鑿痕crack裂紋dent凹坑distortion變

15、形corrosion腐蝕corrosion preventive compound防腐劑abrasion磨損erosion侵蝕、風(fēng)蝕crease折痕debonding脫膠delamination分層Damage which exceeds the Allowable Damage limits can be repaired by cutting out the damaged area of a structural component and inserting or attaching a reinforcing piece. 超過(guò)可允許損傷限制的損傷可以通過(guò)切除結(jié)構(gòu)件的損傷區(qū)域并嵌入或

16、安裝一個(gè)加強(qiáng)件來(lái)進(jìn)行修理。All corrosion which you find must be immediately and fully removed, because corrosion which remains will cause new corrosion and further decrease the strength of the structure. 被發(fā)現(xiàn)的腐蝕必需立即完全去除，應(yīng)為余留的腐蝕會(huì)造成新的腐蝕并進(jìn)一步減弱結(jié)構(gòu)強(qiáng)度。After the corrosion is fully removed the extent of the damage must be

17、examined and compared with the allowable damage limits. 腐蝕完全去除后，必需檢查損傷程度并與可允許損傷限制對(duì)比。練習(xí)2：corrosion 腐蝕, scratch 劃傷,dent 凹坑， crack 裂紋gouge 鑿痕, nick 刻痕,mark 傷痕, burnt 燒傷lightning strike雷擊, crease 折痕、皺痕debonding脫膠, delaminating分層distortion 扭曲， deformation 變形，Structure Repair結(jié)構(gòu)修理doubler加強(qiáng)板patch補(bǔ)片cutout切口c

18、utout/cutting line切割線fastener spacing/pitch緊固件間距edge distance/margin (緊固件) 邊距finger doubler指形板filler填片shim填隙片splice strap搭接帶chamfer倒角flange緣邊web腹板repair angle修理角材sealant密封劑interfay結(jié)合面fillet seal填角密封overcoat保護(hù)層bend彎曲bend angle彎曲角bend radius彎曲半徑section angle部件角sheet thickness板厚joggle下陷、折接pneumatic氣動(dòng)的s

19、ander打磨器step sanding臺(tái)階打磨scarf sanding斜面打磨blend out打磨去除dress out(凹坑)整形cold form冷成形stop hole止裂孔heattreatment熱處理Heat treatment shall be carried out uniformly over the whole material and never on a part of the material only.應(yīng)均勻地對(duì)整體材料進(jìn)行熱處理，而不可以僅針對(duì)材料的一部分。You can form light-alloy sheet in either its as rec

20、eived condition or heattreated condition. 可以在收貨狀態(tài)或熱處理狀態(tài)下對(duì)輕質(zhì)合金薄板進(jìn)行成形操作。Sealing the external joints of the aircraft structure to make sure that water does not go into the structure and to make the structure aerodynamic. 密封飛機(jī)結(jié)構(gòu)的外部接縫以確保水分不進(jìn)入結(jié)構(gòu)并獲得結(jié)構(gòu)的氣動(dòng)性。練習(xí)3：shim薄板, sleeve管套袖口 wet assembly濕安裝sketch草圖, res

21、in樹脂 drill 鉆 mill銑ream鉸 diameter 直徑 oversize 加大級(jí)external repair 貼補(bǔ) flush repair挖補(bǔ) doublers 襯片、加強(qiáng)片 filler 補(bǔ)片,填充劑,margin邊距, rivet pitch/spacing 鉚釘間距chamfer 倒角 section 剖面joggling 折邊 tolerance 偏差wax 打蠟 facing 端面,profile 輪廓、外形 gap 缺口、間隙sealant密封膠 adhesive粘接劑label、tag標(biāo)簽 release agent 分離劑debur去毛刺 countersi

22、nk埋窩stripping褪漆 abrasion打磨Structure Material結(jié)構(gòu)材料aluminium alloy鋁合金titanium alloy鈦合金monel蒙乃爾（銅鎳合金）corrosion resistant steel (CRES)不銹鋼copper銅clad金屬包層unclad/bare非金屬包層AL Clad Sheet包鋁板e(cuò)xtrusion擠壓型材formed section板彎型材bar棒料tube管料sheet薄板 (0.25 inch)plate 板材(0.25 inch)forging鍛件extrusionformed sectioncomposite

23、 material復(fù)合材料glassfiber玻璃纖維carbonfiber碳纖維aramidfiber芳綸纖維honeycomb core蜂窩夾芯resin樹脂teflon特氟隆silicone硅樹脂adhesive粘接劑adhesive film膠膜topcoat面漆primer底漆coating涂層、漆層Carbonfiber parts may include small quantities of Glassfiber or Aramidfiber used as dielectric coating or galvanic corrosion protection. 碳纖維部件可能

24、會(huì)包含少量的玻璃纖維或芳綸纖維用作絕緣層或電偶腐蝕保護(hù)。The floor panels are made of a honeycomb core which is bonded between Glass-fiber Reinforced Plastic (GFRP) sheets.地板是由蜂窩夾芯粘接于玻璃纖維增強(qiáng)塑料（GFRP)薄板之間制成的。 Fastener緊固件rivet鉚釘solid rivet實(shí)芯鉚釘blind rivet拉鉚釘pin銷釘Hi-Lok高鎖釘、海螺釘screw螺釘bolt螺栓nut螺帽washer墊片lockbolt鎖螺栓self-locking自鎖nutplat

25、e托板螺帽clipnut夾板螺帽collar螺帽protruding head凸頭countersunk head埋頭tension head拉伸頭shear head剪切頭grip length夾緊長(zhǎng)度CollarSolid RivetProtrudingHeadCountersunkHeadBlind RivetProtrudingHeadCountersunkHeadHi - Lok PinProtrudingHeadCountersunkHeadLockboltClipnutNutplateGrip LengthWhen a fastener hole is damaged and o

26、utside the tolerances for the original fastener nominal diameter, an oversize fastener must be installed.當(dāng)一個(gè)緊固件孔損傷并且超出原有緊固件標(biāo)稱直徑的公差范圍時(shí)，必需安裝一個(gè)加大尺寸的緊固件。 When an aluminum rivet is upset against a softer material, a washer must be used under the upset head to prevent eruption of the softer material. 當(dāng)一個(gè)鋁

27、鉚釘?shù)溺咁^形成在較軟的材料一邊時(shí)，必需在鉚釘鐓頭下使用墊片以防止較軟材料脹裂。Hi-Lok pins installed in aluminum structure shall be installed into interference-fit holes unless otherwise specified on the engineering drawing. 安裝在鋁質(zhì)結(jié)構(gòu)中的高鎖釘應(yīng)安裝在干涉配合的孔中，除非工程圖紙上有其它說(shuō)明。Translation 翻譯Translation 翻譯翻譯的基本過(guò)程：一、理解：翻譯的關(guān)鍵在于理解，理解是表達(dá)的前提。二、表達(dá)：表達(dá)是翻譯過(guò)程的第二步，是

28、成功實(shí)現(xiàn)由英語(yǔ)轉(zhuǎn)換為漢語(yǔ)的關(guān)鍵。三、校對(duì)：校對(duì)階段是理解和表達(dá)階段的進(jìn)一步深化，是對(duì)原文內(nèi)容進(jìn)一步核實(shí)以及對(duì)譯文語(yǔ)言進(jìn)一步推敲的階段。Translation 翻譯翻譯標(biāo)準(zhǔn)：一、準(zhǔn)確：譯文必須正確傳達(dá)原文的內(nèi)容，不得有任何篡改、歪曲的現(xiàn)象。二、通順：譯文語(yǔ)言必須明白暢達(dá)，符合漢語(yǔ)習(xí)慣和規(guī)范。三、完整：翻譯出來(lái)的每一句話，應(yīng)該是一句完整的漢語(yǔ)句子，沒(méi)有遺漏、增刪原文的意思。Translation 翻譯翻譯方法：直譯：翻譯的時(shí)候盡量保持原文的語(yǔ)言形式，包括原文的用詞、句子結(jié)構(gòu)、內(nèi)容和意義。意譯：由于英漢兩種語(yǔ)言中的詞匯、語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)、表達(dá)方式及謀篇布局都具有其特殊性，在翻譯的過(guò)程中，需要把英語(yǔ)原文作解釋

29、性的翻譯。同時(shí)注意一詞多義現(xiàn)象，如flap 拍打/襟翼、elevator電梯/升降舵等。Translation 翻譯翻譯的核心策略：拆分與組合拆分：理解英文原文、拆分語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)組合：改變?cè)捻樞?，組合漢語(yǔ)譯文例：The location of the horizontal tail surfaces must take into consideration both the effect of the propeller slipstream and the turbulence produced by the airflow over the wings.水平尾翼的位置安排必須要考慮到螺旋槳上

30、反氣流效應(yīng)和機(jī)翼上表面氣流產(chǎn)生的紊流兩者的影響。翻譯練習(xí)The radome, wing center box, nose and main gear bays, belly fairing and cone/rear fuselage are not in the pressurized zone. 雷達(dá)罩、中央翼盒、前、主起落架艙、腹部整流罩和尾椎后機(jī)身不屬于增壓區(qū)域。翻譯練習(xí)The spoilers are wedge-shaped structures. They have carbon-fiber top and bottom skins, sides and a trailing

31、edge profile, bonded to a honeycomb core. They are connected by aluminum-alloy attachment fittings and hinged to the rear spar and rear false spar. 擾流板的結(jié)構(gòu)是楔形的。其內(nèi)部是蜂窩結(jié)構(gòu)，上下碳纖維表面、側(cè)邊以及后緣與蜂窩結(jié)構(gòu)粘接在一起。擾流板通過(guò)鋁合金連接接頭鉸接到后梁和假梁上。翻譯練習(xí)The primary structural components of the stabilizers (spars, ribs and skin panels) are made of laminations of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic (CFRP