API682系統(tǒng)ppt課件

1、API Piping PlansAPI 沖洗方案November 2004JC Tianjin TrainingModule 4.3Seal Environment密封環(huán)境1API Piping Plans API 沖洗方案Integral (internal) recirculationfrom pump discharge to seal內(nèi)部循環(huán)從泵的出口到密封 Advantage 優(yōu)點(diǎn) - No external piping 沒有外部沖洗 Limitations 局限性 - Changing flow rate required dismantling of pump 改動流量需求拆泵

2、 - For clean pumpages only 只能是適用干凈的介質(zhì)API Piping Plans API 沖洗方案Points to Note for API Plan 02: API 02 沖洗方案應(yīng)留意的事項：The injection tapping is used for venting prior to startup. -在開車前，入口用來進(jìn)展放空API plan 02 is often used together with plan 62, especially on high temperature bellows seals.沖洗方案2經(jīng)常與62一同用，特別是用在高

3、溫波紋管密封API Piping Plans API 沖洗方案No flushing to the mechanical seal (dead-ended)機(jī)械密封里沒有沖洗Points to Note for API Plan 11: API 沖洗方案11 應(yīng)留意的事項- Use an orifice to restrict the flow rate if the discharge pressure is 3 bar higher than seal chamber pressure.如出口壓力高于密封腔壓力3bar，需求用一個孔板限制流量- Use on clean and low a

4、brasives duties用在干凈，含磨蝕性顆粒少的工礦API Piping Plans API 沖洗方案Seal Flushing By-Pass from Discharge單密封經(jīng)過出口進(jìn)展沖洗Recirculation from seal chamber through a flow control orifice and back to pump suction從密封腔里出,經(jīng)過一個孔板前往到泵的入口Points to Note for API Plan 13:API 沖洗方案 13 應(yīng)留意的事項- Use an orifice to restrict the flow rate

5、 if the seal chamber pressure is 3 bar higher than suction pressure.假設(shè)密封腔壓力高于入口壓力3bar，需求用一個孔限制流量- handle abrasives duty better than API plan 11處置含有磨石性顆粒的工礦13方案好于11方案- higher seal chamber pressure to suppress vaporisation較高的密封腔壓力可抑制它的汽化API Piping Plans API 沖洗方案+=Points to Note for API Plan 14: API 沖洗

6、方案 14 應(yīng)留意的事項：- Flow back to suction side will evacuate vapours that may collect in seal chamber.- Recommended for light hydrocarbon service. API Piping Plans API 沖洗方案Recirculation from pump discharge through a flow control orifice and cooler to sealOpen Loop Cooling CircuitCooling Water Outlet冷水出口Co

7、oling Water Inlet冷水入口API Piping Plans API 沖洗方案Recirculation from a pumping ring in the seal chamber through cooler and back to seal Closed Loop Cooling Circuit 沖洗液經(jīng)過密封腔中的泵效環(huán)從密封腔中流出經(jīng)過換熱器，再前往到密封中，構(gòu)成自封鎖循環(huán)。構(gòu)成封鎖的冷卻回路Throat bushingSuction入口Discharge出口18 - 24Vent at highest point of the piping排起在管線的最高點(diǎn)Cool

8、ing Water Outlet冷水出口Cooling Water Inlet冷水入口mechanical seal with pumping ringHeat exchanger換熱器API Piping Plans API 沖洗方案Points to note for API Plan 23:Thermosyphon design熱虹吸設(shè)計 * heat exchanger 換熱器 18 to 24“ above pump centre line. 在泵中心線以上 18 to 24 * Prevent overheating in standby and startup. * 在泵啟動和備

9、用時，要防止過熱。Install close fitting neck bushing at the bottom of seal chamber to isolate the heat from the impeller end.在密封腔底部安裝喉部襯套用來隔離從葉輪傳出的熱量Used on high temperature applications to minimise heat load on the cooler by cooling only small amount of liquid that is recirculated.用于高溫工況，經(jīng)過冷卻密封腔的小部分的循環(huán)流體來使冷

10、卻器的熱負(fù)荷降至最低.For high temperature boiler feed pump applications用于高溫鍋爐給水泵上Other applications其他運(yùn)用 * high temperature liquid close to bubble point. * 接近沸點(diǎn)的高溫液體.API Piping Plans API 沖洗方案Recirculation from pump discharge through a cyclone separator delivering clean fluid to the seal and fluid with solids b

11、ack to pump suction line沖洗液從泵出口流出，經(jīng)過一旋液分別器，使干凈流體進(jìn)入密封腔，帶有顆粒的流體前往到泵入口處構(gòu)成封鎖循環(huán)Clean overflowUnderflowInletAPI Piping Plans API 沖洗方案Points to Note for API Plan 32:對于API plan 32 須留意:- Chose a proper source of seal flush to eliminate the potential for vaporisation of the injected fluid and to avoid contami

12、nation of the fluid being pumped with the injected flush.選擇適宜的密封沖洗源， 以減少沖洗流體的汽化，同時可防止沖洗流體被污染。- Install a labyrinth bushing at the bottom of the stuffing box to control the flushing and pressure if necessary.- - 如有必要的話，在密封腔底部安裝喉部襯套或迷宮密封來控制沖洗和壓力。API Piping Plans API 沖洗方案Single Seal Flushing from Exter

13、nal Source單密封經(jīng)過外部來源進(jìn)展沖洗Throat BushingRecirculation from pump discharge through a cyclone separator delivering clean fluid through a cooler and then to seal and fluid with solids back to pump suction lineCooling Water OutletCooling Water InletAPI Piping Plans API 沖洗方案Needle valveExternal reservoir pr

14、oviding a dead-ended blanket of fluid to the quench connection of the gland. Points to Note for API Plan 51:對于API plan 51 須留意: - Dead ended blanket on atmospheric side of seal to prevent freezing of moisture. Seal face will not stick together when the pump started. - 在密封大氣側(cè)，一端封鎖的情況可防止潮氣的凍結(jié)，這樣在泵啟動時，密

15、封面就不會粘接在一同。 Typical application : 典型的運(yùn)用Pump operating below 0 C運(yùn)用于泵在 0C以下- API 610 8th Edition has eliminated this piping plan.API 610 第八版曾經(jīng)取消這個沖洗方案-API Piping Plans API 沖洗方案Piping SystemsAPI Piping Plans API 沖洗方案 A fluid used as a lubricant or buffer between dual mechanical seals. 這種液體象緩沖劑，光滑劑用在雙機(jī)械

16、密封 The buffer fluid is always at a pressure lower than the pump process pressure being sealed.緩沖液的壓力通常低于被密封的介質(zhì)的壓力 A fluid which is introduced between dual mechanical seals to completely isolate the pump process liquid from the environment.雙機(jī)械密封里的隔離液使泵送的工藝液體與大氣分別 Pressure of the barrier fluid is alwa

17、ys higher than the pump process pressure being sealed.隔離液壓力總是高于泵的運(yùn)作壓力The purpose of fluid circulationis to remove heat from mechanical sealAPI Piping Plans API 沖洗方案Pumping ringPump On applications below ambient temperature, circulation of barrier fluid may not be desirable. 這種情況適用于比室溫低的工況，隔離液的循環(huán)不能滿足

18、要求。 The atmosphere will heat the reservoir and consequently add heat to the seal area.外部對儲罐進(jìn)展加熱，從而，對密封區(qū)域進(jìn)展加熱。T2T1 Fluid circulation by temperature difference between the seal and reservoir. 流體依托密封腔和儲罐的溫差進(jìn)展循環(huán) Higher temperature liquid at seal has lower density rises to the reservoir.密封中的高溫流體密度較小，依托熱虹

19、吸景象上升到儲罐中 Lower temperature liquid at reservoir has higher density falls to the seal to provide cooling.儲罐中的低溫流體密度較大，下降到密封腔中對密封進(jìn)展冷卻External Force CirculationThermosyphonPumping RingDead EndedAPI Piping Plans API 沖洗方案Points to Note for API Plan 52:Typically used with an Arrangement 2 unpressurised du

20、al seal.通常用于不帶壓雙封 During normal operation, circulation is maintained by an internal pumping ring.在正常操作情況下，經(jīng)過腔內(nèi)的泵效環(huán)維持循環(huán) The reservoir is usually continuously vented to a vapour recovery system and is maintained at a pressure less than the pressure in the seal chamber.儲罐通常與回收系統(tǒng)相連通，罐內(nèi)壓力通常低于密封腔壓力Pressur

21、e Gauge 壓力計Level Gauge 液位計Fill valveOrificeDrainLevel Switch (H) 液位開關(guān)Level Switch (L)Pressure Switch 壓力開關(guān)(Normally Open)Vent valve 排氣閥 External reservoir providing buffer fluid for the outer seal of an unpressurised dual seal arrangement.外部儲罐對不帶壓雙封的外密封提供緩沖液API Piping Plans API 沖洗方案Pressure Gauge 壓力表

22、Level Gauge 液位計Level Switch (L)液位開關(guān)Vent Valve 排氣閥(Normally Close) 通常關(guān)著OrificePressure Switch 壓力支配開關(guān) External Pressure 外部壓力 SourceOne-way Block Valve(Normally Open)單向截止閥Points to Note for API Plan 53:Typically used with an Arrangement 3 pressurised dual seal.通常用于帶壓雙封 During normal operation, circulat

23、ion is maintained by an internal pumping ring.在正常操作情況下，經(jīng)過腔內(nèi)的泵效環(huán)維持循環(huán) The reservoir pressure is greater than the process pressure being sealed.罐內(nèi)壓力通常高于被密封介質(zhì)壓力 External reservoir providing pressurised barrier fluid for the outer seal of an pressurised dual seal arrangement.外部儲罐對帶壓雙封的外密封提供隔離液DrainAPI Pi

24、ping Plans API 沖洗方案Points to Note for API Plan 54:Typically used with an Arrangement 3 pressurised dual seal.通常用于帶壓雙封During normal operation, circulation is maintained by an external pump or pressure system.在正常操作情況下，經(jīng)過外部的泵或壓力系統(tǒng)維持循環(huán) The circulating barrier fluid pressure is greater than the process p

25、ressure being sealed. 循環(huán)隔離液的壓力高于被密封介質(zhì)的壓力 External barrier fluid system providing pressurised barrier fluid for the outer seal of an pressurised dual seal arrangement外部隔離液系統(tǒng)對帶壓雙封的外密封提供帶壓隔離液 API Piping Plans API 沖洗方案Safe to use, handle, store貯藏、操作、運(yùn)用平安可靠Stable liquid at ambient temperatures在環(huán)境溫度下，性能穩(wěn)定

26、 Not a VOC, VHAP or other regulated compound不易揮發(fā)、非有害物質(zhì)Non flammable不易熄滅Non foaming when pressurised加壓時，不易產(chǎn)生泡沫Clean and good lubricity干凈且有較好的光滑性Compatible with process fluid與工藝流體有互容性Compatible with seal materials與密封資料兼容Good heat transfer properties有好的傳熱性能 Good flow qualities at very low temperatures

27、在低溫下，有好的流動性Low solubility of gas對氣體有較低的溶解性Local availability當(dāng)?shù)厝菀撰@得Low cost本錢低 VOC : Volatile Organic CompoundVHAP : Volatile Hazardous Air PolutantsSelection of Buffer / Barrier FluidAPI Piping Plans API 沖洗方案Tapped connections for the purchasers use在接口處攻螺紋，以方便用戶運(yùn)用Point to Note for API Plan 61:對于API

28、plan 61 須留意:Typically this plan is used when the purchaser is to provide fluid (such as steam, gas, or water ) to an auxiliary sealing device.通常在買方能給密封輔助系統(tǒng)提供流體如蒸汽、氣體或水的情況下，才采用該方案API Piping Plans API 沖洗方案Points to Note for API Plan 62:對于API plan 62 須留意:The quench may be required to prevent solids fro

29、m accumulating on the atmospheric side of the seal. 防止在密封大氣側(cè)有顆粒積累Typically used with a close-clearance throttle bushing.普遍運(yùn)用小間隙節(jié)流襯套API Piping Plans API 沖洗方案Single Seal Quench from External Source單密封經(jīng)過外部急冷 Plan 53a (A.4.12)Arrangement 3, Contacting Wet (CW) Seals陳列方式3，接觸式濕密封Dual Pressurised (Double)

30、Seals 帶壓雙封Utilises direct nitrogen blanket for pressure利用氮?dú)鈦碓鰤篸ue to nitrogen entrainment in the barrier liquid由于氮?dú)鈺A進(jìn)封液中API 682 limits the maximum nitrogen pressure to 10 barg, JC recommendation is maximum nitrogen pressure 21 barg, as long as the barrier fluid temperature is less than 120C API 682

31、 限制了氮?dú)獾淖畲髩毫?0barg, 約翰克蘭建議只需隔離液溫度小于120度， 最大氮?dú)鈮毫?1barg,API 682 2nd Edition API 682 第二版 New Piping Plans 新的沖洗方案 Plan 53b (A.4.12) 53MArrangement 3, Contacting Wet (CW) Seals 陳列方式3，接觸式濕密封Dual Pressurised (Double) Seals 帶壓雙封Utilizes bladder accumulator for pressure 利用蓄能器來增壓Bladder eliminates nitrogen co

32、ntact with barrier liquid橡膠囊把氮?dú)馀c隔離液分開Allows for higher pressure applications 允許高壓力運(yùn)用Configuration Includes:Accumulator蓄能器Pressure Indicator 壓力顯示器Pressure Switch壓力開關(guān)Heat Exchanger換熱器BIBOTIBIBOFWhen SpecifiedAPI 682 2nd Edition API 682 第二版New Piping Plans 新的沖洗方案 Plan 53c (A.4.12)Arrangement 3, Contact

33、ing Wet (CW) Seals陳列方式3，接觸式濕密封Dual Pressurised (Double) Seals 帶壓雙封Utilizes piston pot for pressure 利用活塞增壓BIBOBIBOFWhen SpecifiedAPI 682 2nd Edition API 682 第二版New Piping Plans 新的沖洗方案 Plan 53c (A.4.12)Allows for higher pressure applications 允許高壓力運(yùn)用Configuration includes:構(gòu)造包括Piston pot 活塞Pressure indi

34、cator壓力顯示器Pressure switch 壓力開關(guān)Heat exchanger換熱器Level switch液位開關(guān)Piston pot eliminates nitrogen contact with barrier liquid活塞缸阻斷了隔離液與氮?dú)獾你暯覲iston provides constant pressure ratio to seals (1.1:1) 活塞給密封提供繼續(xù)的壓力比率Spring 彈簧API 682 2nd Edition API 682 第二版New Piping Plans 新的沖洗方案 Plan 72 (A.4.16)Arrangement 2

35、, w/ Containment Seal (CS) 陳列方式2，輔助二次密封Dual Un-Pressurised (Tandem) Seals 不帶壓串聯(lián)密封Dry-running secondary containment seal 干運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)二次輔助密封Low pressure nitrogen sweep (purge)低壓氮?dú)獯祾逽weeps primary leakage to collection system 主密封走漏的東西排放到搜集系統(tǒng)里Dilutes primary leakage to lower emission levels 稀釋走漏的東西Used in conjunction with Plan 75 or 76 ，與75方案或76方案一同運(yùn)用CSV: containment seal ventCSD: containment seal DrainGBI: gas buffer inletFIL: coalescing filterAPI 682 2nd Edition API 682 第二版New Piping Plans 新的沖洗