初中被動語態(tài)語法重點

1、主動被動一現(xiàn)do/doesam,is,aredone一過didwas,weredone現(xiàn)進am,is,aredoingamisarebeingdone過進wasweredoingwaswerebeingdone現(xiàn)完havehasdonehave,hasbeendone過完haddonehadbeendone一將willdowillbedoneshalldoshallbedoneamisaregoingtodoamisaregoingtobedone過將woulddowouldbedoneshoulddoshouldbedone被動語態(tài)dowasweregoingtowasweregoingto

2、情態(tài)動詞candocanbedonebedonemustdomustbedonemaydoneedntdomaybedoneneedntbedoneoughttodooughttobedoneshoulddoshouldbedone實意動詞needtodoneedtobedone/needdoing附：usedtodousedtobedoneseemtodoseemtobedone二沒有被動語態(tài)的詞1不及物動詞：rise,takeplace,happen,arriveWhenwillthetrain_?arriveB.gettoC.reachD.arrivein部分系動詞：feel,sound

3、,smell,look,taste表示度量的詞：measure,weigh(e.g.)Thebabyweighs9kilograms.(Howmuchdoesthebabyweigh?)(Whatshisweight?)(Howheavyishe?)Theswimmingpoolmeasures25metersacross.以反身代詞為賓語的沒有被動TheboyteacheshimselfEnglish.Theirlargefeetareusedtopushthemquicklythroughthewater.Thecormorantsusetheirlargefeettopushthemse

4、lvesquicklythroughthewater.以相互代詞為賓語的無被動。Weoftenhelpeachother/oneanother.6fit,cost,hold,breakout(爆發(fā))，goout(熄滅)gooff(響起)無被動(eg)ThiscoatfitsmeThebookcostmefiveyuanThehallcanhold1000peopleThewarbrokeoutin1919ThestreetlightswentoutsuddenlyThefirealarmwentoffsuddenly三如何改PV(一)SVO1名詞，賓語從句作賓語(eg)Rosebrokethe

5、windowsThewindowswerebrokenbyRoseWeknowthatBritainisanislandcountry.ItisknownthatBritainisanislandcountry.Britainisknowntobeanislandcountry.Peoplebelievethathewillwintheelection.Itisbelievedthathewillwintheelection.Heisbelievedtowintheelection.Theysaidthattheareawasrichinoil.Itwassaidthattheareawasr

6、ichinoil.Theareawassaidtoberichinoil.(如果賓語為that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，那么可以轉(zhuǎn)化為汁為形式主語的名詞性從句。如：Itisreported,Itissaid,Itisbelieved,Itisknown)動詞不定式作賓語(不能改被動語態(tài))(e.g.)Hewantstogo.(二)SVOO把間接賓語作為主語(人)(e.g.)Myunclegavemeanapple.Iwasgivenanapplebymyuncle.HeshowedmehispostcardsofParis.IwasshowedhispostcardsofParisbyhim.2.把直接賓

7、語作為主語(東西)一定要加介詞to,for1)Myunclegavemeanapple.Anapplewasgiventomebymyuncle.2)Sheboughtthemsomecakes.Somecakeswereboughtforthembyher.用介詞togive,pass,bring,take,lend,send,offer,show,teach,award,ask(sb.sth.=sth.tosb.)用介詞forget,buy,draw,make,sing(sb.sth.=sth.forsb.)(二)SVOC如果動詞不定式作賓補，把間接賓語轉(zhuǎn)化為主語causesb.todos

8、th.wantsb.todosth.wouldlikesb.todosth.ordersb.todosth.invitesb.todosth.asksb.todosth.allowsb.todosth.warnsb.todosth.(不能用todo作主語)(e.g.)Theteacheraskedustocleantheblackboard.Wewereaskedtocleantheblackboardbytheteacher.2.make,let,have,see,observe,notice,watch,hear,help省略to的動詞不定式，改為被動語態(tài)是要把to還原。(e.g.)1)S

9、heseestheboyfallfromthehorse.Theboyisseentofallfromthehorsebyher.2)Isawhimstealingjewellery.Hewasseenstealingjewellerybyme.Steam_fromthecoat.A.wasseentorise(seesb.do)wasseentoraise(seesb.do)wasseenrising(seesb.doing)wasseenraising(seesb.doing)賓補為名詞或形容詞(e.g.)1)Ifoundhimabrightboy.Hewasfoundabrightboybyme.Hewasfoundtobeabrightboy.2)WeconsidertheArcticanorthernpartoftheAtlantic.TheArcticisconsidered(tobe)anorthernpartoftheAtlantic.注意事項1.原先有的介詞和副詞不能丟。(e.g.)1)Nursestakecareofthesickpeople.Thesickpeoplearetakencareofbynurses.2)Athiefbrokeintotheb