名詞性從句 (5)

1、高考英語專項復習 （十一）名詞性從句1. 名詞性從句考點 1、引導詞 that 與 what；that 與 whether； if 與 whether；what 與 how等的區(qū)別；2、名詞性從句的時態(tài)和語序問題；3、名詞性從句的語氣問題；4、同位語從句與定語從句的比較區(qū)別。1、名詞性從句的引導詞問題問題1： Great changes have taken place in that school. It is no longer _ it was 20 years ago, _ it was so poorly equipped. （05安徽卷） A. what; when B. that

2、; which C. what; which D. which; that A前句考查的是 that 與 what 的區(qū)別。that 在名詞性從句中不充當任何成分，而 what 可充當名詞性的成分。前句的表語從句中還缺少表語，故只能用 what。后句是定語從句，修飾 20 years ago，所以須用 when。問題2：1) What the doctors really doubt is _my mother will recover from the serious disease soon. (上海2001) A. when B. if C. whether D. why2) Eleph

3、ants have their own way to tell the shape of an object and _it is rough or smooth. （05天津卷） A. 不填 B. whether C. how D. what CB 在名詞性從句中表示“是否”這一概念時，連詞 if 一般只能引導賓語從句，而題1是表語從句，故不能選B；注意doubt 的用法，如果是肯定句，用 whether，如果是否定句，用 that。賓語從句中，以下情況只用 whether 不用 if： 與 or 連用時； 后接不定式短語時； 在 decide ; be sure 等動詞后。問題3： _ l

4、eaves the room last ought to turn off the lights. (MET1988) A. Anyone B. The person C. Whoever D. WhoC whoever 引導名詞性從句時表示“無論哪一個”，相當于 anyone who；who 引導名詞性從句時表示帶有疑問的“誰”。根據(jù)該題的意思不難作出選擇。選項A, B后都缺少了 who，而引導定語從句的 who 是不能省略的。 同時還需要注意 whoever 與 no matter who; whatever 與 no matter what 等的區(qū)別。wh-ever 既可引導名詞性從句也

5、可引導狀語從句，而 no matter wh- 只能引導狀語從句。問題4：1) I was surprised by her words, which made me recognize _ silly mistakes I had made. （05湖南卷） A. what B. that C. how D. which 2) Parents are taught to understand _ important education is to their childrens future. （04廣東） A. that B. howC. such D. so AB what 與 how

6、引導感嘆句時，what 后加名詞，how 后加形容詞和副詞。其結構為：What + (a) + (adj.) + n. 但要注意在 what 后不能加表示數(shù)量的 many; much; few; little 等詞。 How + adj. + (a )+ (n.)，要注意的是 how 后的名詞只能為單數(shù)名詞。題1中是復數(shù)名詞，只能用 what；題2中的正常語序是 education is important to their ，所以選B。 2、名詞性從句中的時態(tài)問題問題1：1、Scientists think that the continents _ always where they _

7、today. (05北京卷) A. arent; areB. arent; were C. werent; areD. werent; were 2、 Hurry up! Alice and Sue are waiting for you at the school gate. Oh! I thought they _ without me. (05江西卷) Awent Bare going Chave gone Dhad gone CD當主句的動詞為現(xiàn)在和將來時態(tài)時，名詞性從句中的動作根據(jù)所發(fā)生的時間來定，可以有各種時態(tài)；當主句的動詞為過去時態(tài)時，從句中的動作一般都要使用相應的過去時，除非表

8、示客觀真理。3、名詞性從句中的語序問題問題1： 1、Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see _. (全國2000) A. who is he B. who he is C. who is it D. who it is 2、 The photographs will show you _（MET1989） A. what does our village look like B. what our village looks like C. how does our village look like D. how our village loo

9、ks like DB名詞性從句中都用陳述語序，不用倒裝語序。題1中的干擾項是B，對想要知道的人提問或應答都用 it 而不用人稱代詞 he, I , you 等。題2只要注意是介詞賓語就行了。4. 名詞性從句中的虛擬語氣 A、賓語從句中的虛擬語氣在動詞 suggest, order, demand, request, desire, insist, require, decide, determine, advise, recommend, deserve (值得提及) 后需用 should 型的虛擬語氣?？碱}點擊：The teacher demanded that the work _ bef

10、ore 4 oclock. A. finished B. be finished C. should finish D. finish2. - What did the doctor say about your mothers illness? - He suggested that she _ an operation at once. A. must haveB. hadC. haveD. had hadBCB、主語從句中的虛擬語氣基本句型：It is suggested, ordered, proposed, required, demanded, requested, insiste

11、d； + (should) do It is important, necessary, natural, desirable, strange, advisable, imperative It is a pity, a shame, no wonder 考題點擊：1. Is it necessary that he _ the examination? A. takesB. has to takeC. must takeD. take2. It is strange that he _ you this. A. would tell B. should tell C. had told D

12、. has toldDBC、表語從句和同位語從句中的虛擬語氣 在 suggestion, proposal, idea, plan, order, advice 等名詞后面的表語從句、同位語從句中要用虛擬語氣，即（should）+動詞原形。My idea is that we (should) get more people to attend the conference.I make a proposal that we (should) hold a meeting next week. 考題點擊：His suggestion that you _ once more sounds re

13、asonable. A. try B. tries C. must try D. can tryA5、 it 作形式主語或形式賓語的問題 問題1：1、_ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. (NMET1995) A. There B. This C. That D. It2、 I like_ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright. （04全國I） A thisB that C itD one 3、The chairman th

14、ought _ necessary to invite Professor Smith to speak at the meeting. （05全國卷1） Athat Bit Cthis Dhim DCB主語、賓語從句常用先行詞 it 代替，而將其置于句末。但由 whatever, whoever 引導的主語從句一般不用 it 代替。6、其它需要注意的幾個問題在 think, believe, suppose, expect, guess 等動詞后的否定 前移問題；2）在 hope, believe, imagine, suppose, guess, think, expect, tell, say, fear 以及 be afraid 等詞語后，可用 so 代替一