被動語態(tài)聽課

1、被動語態(tài)The Passive Voicebe +動詞的過去分詞教學(xué)目標 1.復(fù)習動詞過去分詞的變化形式 2.學(xué)習主動與被動語態(tài)的相互轉(zhuǎn)換，掌握被動語態(tài)的基本結(jié)構(gòu) 3.熟練鞏固被動語態(tài)的正確用法 一、 Review 復(fù)習1、規(guī)則動詞過去分詞的構(gòu)成： (1)如worked , 一般情況+ed(2)如liked ,以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾，直接+d(3)如study studied ,以“輔音字母+y”， y i+ed(4)如stopped，planned , 以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，且末尾只有一個輔音字母的 則雙寫這個輔音字母再加+ed 2.不規(guī)則動詞過去分詞：課本附錄140頁water use stop d

2、oclean find study makeshut ask wash playplant speak take buildtell give meet paintsend have drink watch repair learn draw eat buy have turn cut二.被動語態(tài)的概念 “語態(tài)”表示主語和謂語動詞之間的關(guān)系。英語中動詞有主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)兩種語態(tài)。1.主動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的執(zhí)行者 E.g. Cats eat fish.2.被動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的承受者 E.g. Fish is eaten by cats.在被動語態(tài)中動作的執(zhí)行者有時用by短語表示出來.三.

3、被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成被動語態(tài)由“助動詞be+ 動詞的 過去分詞 ”構(gòu)成。人稱、數(shù)和時態(tài)的變化是通過be 的變化表現(xiàn)出來， 小竅門： 我們可以這樣看被動語態(tài)的基本構(gòu)成： be + 及物動詞的過去分詞表示時態(tài) 表示被動 要變化 不變化 變化：示例(主動語態(tài)） Cats eat fish.Fish四.從主動語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)1.賓語is eaten by cats.主語2 謂語加be,動詞變?yōu)檫^去分詞3.主語介詞by 賓語（被動語態(tài))主動與被動的轉(zhuǎn)換：時態(tài)不變1.主動中的賓語 被動語態(tài)的主語 ，賓格主格 him he2.謂語變成被動結(jié)構(gòu)（be過去分詞）eat be eaten3.主動中的主語 被動語態(tài)的賓語

4、（介詞by之后）， 主格賓格 I me注意：1. by短語后跟代詞的賓格2. by短語可以省略3. 其他的成分 (定語,狀語) 不變, 句式也不能變.by many students.主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)的方法1.Many students study English.Englishis studied2.They make shoes in that factory.Shoesare madeby themin that factory.主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)的方法by the teacher. 3.The teacher asks him questions.Heis askedquestion

5、s五.被動語態(tài)的用法1. 不知道動作的執(zhí)行者是誰。這塊手表是中國制造的。This watch is made in China.2. 沒有必要指出動作的執(zhí)行者每年都應(yīng)該種更多的樹。Many trees should be planted every year.3. 需要強調(diào)或突出動作的承受者。世界上越來越多的人說漢語。Chinese is spoken by more and more people in the world.4. 句子的主語是動作的承受者。許多房屋被沖走了。Many houses were washed away by the flood.She waters the flo

6、wers every day.The flowersevery day.are wateredby her1.一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)am/is /are +過去分詞六.被動語態(tài)的幾種常見時態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)They play football on Sunday.Lucy does the homework in the evening.They often use computers in class.We make these machines in Beijing.Football is played by them on Sunday.The homework is done by Lucy i

7、n the evening.Computers are often used by them in class.These machines are made in Beijing.Practice1. They bought ten computers last term by them last term.2.一般過去時的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)：was/were +過去分詞last year.2.We planted many trees last year.Many treeswere plantedTen computerswere boughtThey built the tall build

8、ing last year.He took good care of his little brother yesterday.We cleaned our classroom just now.They used this room for resting.The tall building was built by them last year.His little brother was taken good care of by him yesterday.Our classroom was cleaned by us just now.This room was used for r

9、esting by them.3.一般將來時的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)：will be+過去分詞1.They will finish the work in ten days.by them in ten days.The workwill be finished2.Tom will clean the room tomorrow.The roomwill be cleanedbyTom tomorrow.We will have a sports meeting next week.Children will take some photos in the schoolyard tomorrow.The

10、 headmaster will give a talk this afternoon.A sports meeting will be had by us next week.Some photos will be taken by children in the school tomorrow.A talk will be given by the headmaster this afternoon.4.含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)：can/may/must/should + be+過去分詞1.Amy can take good care of Gina by Amy.Ginacan be

11、taken good care of2.You should drink more water.More water should be drunkby you.1.He can take care of the baby.2.Lucy may draw the pictures.3.You must turn off the lights.4.They should learn English well. The baby can be taken care of by him.The picture may be drawn by Lucy.The lights must be turne

12、d off by you.English should be learned well by them.5.現(xiàn)在進行時的被動語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)is / am / are + being 過去分詞1.Some workers are painting the rooms nowby some workers now.The roomsare being painted2.He is watching TV.TVis being watched by him.6.現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)have / has been 過去分詞1.We have made twenty more keysby us.Tw

13、enty more keyshave been made2.We have finished our compositions.Our compositionshave been finishedby us.表格：被動態(tài)基本結(jié)構(gòu)時態(tài)被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)一般現(xiàn)在時一般過去時現(xiàn)在進行時一般將來時現(xiàn)在完成時含有情態(tài)動詞can/may/must/should be doneam/is/are donewas/were doneam/is/are being doneshall/will/be going to be donehave/has been donebe + PP被動語態(tài)的基本結(jié)構(gòu):有各種時態(tài)的變化

14、考點一:1. Now English _ by more and more people all over the word. A. speaks B. is spoken C. was spoken一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)：am / is / are + PP2. The lost boy _ at the street corner last night. A. was found B. is found C. was looked for一般過去時的被動語態(tài)：was / were + PP3. I have to go to work by taxi because my car at th

15、e garage. Awill be repaired Bis repaired Cis being repaired Dhas been repaired現(xiàn)在進行時的被動語態(tài)：am / is / are + being+ PP4. Three bridges _ since last year. A. have built B. were built C. have been built現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)：have / has + been + PP5. More man-made satellites _ in the future. A. will send up B. will be

16、 sent up C. are sent up一般將來時的被動語態(tài)：will + be + PPbe going to + be + PP6. Flowers _ every day. A. has been watered B. should be watered C. should water含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)：情態(tài)動詞 + be + PP中考挑戰(zhàn) （ ）1. Thousands of trees every day. A. are cut downB. are being cut down C. have been cut down D. had been cut down（ ）2.

17、Football in most middle schools in many countries. A. play B. plays C. is playing D. is played（ ）3. He a warm welcome at the station. A. was given B. gave C. was giving D. has given（ ）4. The room again tomorrow afternoon. A. will be cleaned B. will clean C. is cleaned D. cleans 一.選擇（ ） 5.The trees m

18、ust _ three times a week. A. water B. is watering C. be watered D. waters（ ） 6.Another new building _last month near my school. A. was built B. built C. has been built D. is built（ ） 7. A new bridge _ over the river next year. A is built B will build C will be built D will built（ ）8. All the answers

19、 already. A. have been found out B. have found out C. are found out D. were found out（ ）9. Many new houses for teachers since last year. A. are building B. built C. have built D. have been built（ ）10. The river smells terrible. People must dirty things into it. A. be stopped throw B. be stopped from

20、 throwing C. stop to throw D. stop from throwing（ ）11. The lost boy this early morning. A. found B. was founded C. was found D. had found二、用所給的詞填空。1Our house (paint)regularly every June2My fathers car (repair)last week3English_(speak)all over the world now4The flowers in our small garden_ (water)eve

21、ry day5This book_ (write)about ten years ago6The doors and windows_ (shut)last night and then we went to bed7Last Saturday I_ (meet)at the station8. We_ (invite)to a party last Saturday evening9We couldnt use the telephone the day before yesterday，but the telephone line _ (repair)yesterday afternoon

22、10Our house is very oldIt_ (build)a hundred years ago 用所給動詞的適當時態(tài)和語態(tài)填空 1. When _ the first man-made satellite _ （send）up into space ? 2. Last year vegetables _ (grow）in the garden by Tom and he _ (sell）them himself. 3. She _ （help）him with his homework tomorrow evening. 4. How many magazines _（ can b

23、orrow）in your library every week ? Homework5. John _（hear）to go upstairs two hours ago. 6. Who _ （save）her father ? He _ （save）by that policeman. 1.- What do you think of the football match yesterday ?- Its surprising. The strongest team _.A. was beaten B. won C. scored D. was failed2.I wont come to

24、 the party unless Sue_.A. will invite B. invites C. invited D. is invited3.What are on show in the museum? Some photos _ by African children.A. are taken B. have been taken C. taken D. were taken4. The boy _ study at home by her last Sunday.A made B was made C was made to D made to中招模擬考點二:被動語態(tài)中的特殊情況

25、:6. Good medicine _ bitter to the mouth. A. tastes B. is tasted C. taste This pen _ well. A. is sold B. sell C. sells感官動詞, 和sell等動詞用主動語態(tài)表被動.7. Many people _ during the earthquake in May, 2008. A. were died B. dead C. diedhappen, last, die等動詞不使用被動.8. The man _ clean the toilet because he _ rubbish bo

26、ut when the police walked past the park. A. was made; was seen to throw B. was made to; was seen throwing C. made; sawsee / hear sb. do sthbe seen / heard to do sthsee / hear sb. doing sth.be seen / heard doing sth.make sb.do sth.be made to do sth.主動:被動:主動:被動:主動:被動:9. Children should _. A. take good

27、 care of B. be taken good care C. be taken good care of固定短語的被動不要丟掉后面的介詞或副詞10. Your desk _. A. needs repair B. needs repairing C. needs to repairneed, allow 可以用-ing形式表示被動need to be done = need doingbe allowed to do = allow doing中考被動語態(tài)考題1.The river smells terrible. People must _ dirty thing into it.(南

28、京市中考題） A be stopped to throw B be stopped from throwing C stop to throw D stop from throwing 2.This book _ often _from the library.(北京市中考題）A arent; take away B taken awayC isnt; taken away D be taken away3.He _ _ (tell) to return his books to the library yesterday. (黃岡市中考題）was told5. Another man-mad

29、e satellite was sent up into space by them last week (濟南市中考題） another man-made satellite into space last week.變主動語態(tài)7.People there planted many trees last year. Trees _ _ by people there last year. (青島市中考題）8. They grow vegetables on the farm. The vegetables _ _on the farm（上海市中考題）TThey sent upwere pla

30、nted are grown1.-Did you go to Jims birthday party? -No, I _. (北京2003年中招試題) A. am not invited B. wasnt invited C. havent invited D. didnt invited2. To make our city more beautiful, rubbish _ into the river. A. neednt be thrown B. mustnt be thrown C. cant throw D. may not throw (重慶2003年中招試題)中招名題回顧3.Y

31、ou may go fishing if your work_. (河北2003年中招試題) A. is done B. will be done C. has done D. have done4.We are told _ everywhere. Its our duty to keep our school clean. (遼寧2003年中招試題) not to make much noise B. to throw waste paper C. to draw D. not to spit3. In summer meat and fruit _for a long time.A ca

32、nt be kept B doesnt keep C is not kept D isnt keeping4. These films _ by young children.A should not seen B shouldnt be seen C should be not seen D should see5. The piece of music _ great.A sounds B sounded C is sounded D is sounding6. It _ in a small village last month.A happened B was happened C h

33、appen D had happened2. Our classroom should _ clean and tidy.A was kept B be kept C is keep D have kept3. No letter _ since you left for Shanghai.A have received B have been received C had been received D has been received4. Im afraid you cant go in. The room_.A is painted B has painted C is being p

34、ainted D is painting5. To make our city more beautiful, rubbish _into the river.A neednt be thrown B mustnt be thrown C cant throw D may not throw6. The girl _ singing when we passed by.A heard B was heard C was heard to D heard to3. My new pen _ well.A writes B is writing C is written D was writing

35、4. A lot of money _ spent on books.A has B have C has been D have been5.Another bridge_set up over the river in 6 years.A is being B will been C will be D has been6.My bike _ for 3 days. A is mended B has been mended C hasnt be mended D is being mended.7. - Why, you are wet all over! - I _just now a

36、nd I rushed all the way here.A caught the rain B was caught in the rain C caught a rain D was caught by a rain3. We are told that these books _ to the library. A can be returned B may return C must be returned D must returned4. This kind of medicine _ after supper.A should take B should be taken C s

37、hould be eaten D should eat5. A talk on Chinese history _in the school hall next week. A is given B has been given C will give D will be given6. He _ go into the room just now.A saw B was seen C was seen to D saw toHomework :1.He cleans the classroom everyday.2.They finished their homework.3.I can m

38、end his bike.4.She will buy ten books tomorrow.5.We shouldnt allow them to go out with their friends.6.The old man often makes us laugh.cleanfinishplaysmokeplantcarryfind found found makemade madeinventbuild built builtsweep swept swepttake took takenbuy bought boughthave had hadLets have a try.sing

39、 sang sungtelltold toldgivegave givenBuy shut變化：示例The boy broke the glass.（主動語態(tài)）The glass從主動語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)1.賓語 主語2.謂語 加be,動詞變?yōu)檫^去分詞3.主語 介詞by 賓語was brokenby the boy（被動語態(tài)）【知識總結(jié)歸納】一. 概念：表示動作與主語之間是被動關(guān)系的句子是被動語態(tài)。二. 主動語態(tài)與被動語態(tài)之間如何轉(zhuǎn)換 We Visited that factory last summer 主動語態(tài)主語 謂語 賓語 狀語That factory was visited by us last summer 被動語態(tài) 主語 謂語 賓語 狀語 小竅門： 我們可以這樣看被動語態(tài)的基本構(gòu)成： be + 及物動詞的過去分詞表示時態(tài) 表示被動 要變化 不變化 Ann can take good care of the cats The cats can be taken good care of by Ann.情態(tài)動詞(model verb)： S+ can/must/should等情態(tài)動詞 + be+過去分詞1. 找賓語