新概念英語三Lesson42(共37張)課件

1、Lesson 42 Modern cavemen現(xiàn)代洞穴人Learning objectives 掌握一些單詞的具體用法； 學習課文； 進行一些口語訓練。New words and expressioncaveman n. 洞穴人，粗暴的男人=cave dweller洞穴人pot-holing n. 洞穴探險 也作potholing=cavingpothole 坑洞，鍋穴pot-holer 洞穴探險者solitude n.孤獨，獨居，荒僻之地，幽靜的地方He passed twenty-four years in solitude.loneliness n. 孤獨， 寂寞This famous

2、 explorer finally died in loneliness.這位著名的探險家最后在孤寂中死去。Loneliness in a gloomy raining day may be unbearable to him.對他來說，陰郁的雨天的寂寞是難以忍受的。lonely adj. 寂寞的，荒涼的A lonely star shone out against the black sky. 一顆孤星在黑色的夜空中閃閃發(fā)亮。aloneness n. n. 孤獨感， 單獨When a person cannot kill aloneness or find no one to communi

3、cate, no one to understand his life, the people will get angry.當一個人不能打發(fā)孤獨,找不到可以交流的人,沒有人能理解他,便會積怨于心。New words and expressionalone adj. 單獨的，獨自一人的，孤單的 adv. 獨自地，僅僅Do you ever take the subway alone late at night? 你有沒有在深夜單獨乘過地鐵？You cant live on bread alone.你不能僅靠面包維生。 isolation n. 隔離，孤立The old man lives in

4、 isolation in the forest.老人獨自一人在森林中居住。The patient was taken to the isolation ward.這病人被移往隔離病房。New words and expressionisolate vt.使孤立，隔離 We should never isolate ourselves from the mass我們永遠不能脫離群眾。separation n. 分離，分居，缺口，分隔線The long separation was a test of their love.長期分離對他們的愛情是個考驗.separateadj. 分開的，不同的，

5、單獨的，各自的We dont have a separate dining roomthe living area is all one.我們沒有單獨的飯廳活動空間都在一處。v. 分開，隔開，區(qū)分，分居，脫離Even numerous mountains and rivers cannot separate our friendship.縱然是萬水千山也隔不斷我們的情誼。New words and expressionprivacy n. 隱居，隱私，秘密，私生活They dont want their privacy invaded by reporters.他們不想讓他們的私生活被記者爆料

6、。private adj.私人的，個人的，私下的，私有的，緘默的 The president is paying a private visit to Europe.總統(tǒng)正在歐洲進行私人訪問。We each have our private views about it.我們每個人對這件事都有自己的看法。lure vt.誘惑，吸引 lure into誘騙 . 進入(某處). We can lure the owner into leaving the house unlocked so that we can steal the jewels.我們可以騙得主人不鎖門離開家，這樣我們就可以偷那些

7、珠寶了。 New words and expressionlure away 勸說離開He tried in vain to lure her away from husband and home.他企圖誘使她離開丈夫和家庭，結(jié)果是枉費心機。 bring someone to the lure 引某人上鉤Since John is a womanizer, it is not difficult to bring him to the lure.約翰既然是個好色之徒，引他上鉤并不難。entice v.誘使，引誘 Advertisements are designed to entice peo

8、ple into spending money/to spend money. 廣告宣傳的目的是誘使人花錢。enticement n.The enticement of the big city lure her away from her home.大城市的種種誘惑吸引了她離家出走。New words and expressiontempt vt.誘惑，慫恿，引誘，吸引 temptationHe was tempted into a life of crime by greed and laziness.他受貪婪和懶惰的驅(qū)使步入了罪惡的一生。attract v.吸引，引來 attractio

9、nShe gave a quiet cough to attract my attention.她輕輕地咳了一聲好引起我注意。bait n.餌，引誘 The bait hides the hook.諺餌中必有詐。fascinate vt.使 . 入迷，吸引住 Anything to do with old myths and legends fascinates me.任何與上古神話傳說有關的東西都會使我著迷。New words and expressionattract, charm, enchant, fascinate, tempt, attract: 普通用詞，指客觀上吸引人的注意力。

10、charm: 側(cè)重迷住某人或使之高興。enchant: 著重指有能力引起被迷住者的歡樂或贊美。fascinate: 通常含使人無法拒絕、無法擺脫的意味。tempt: 指吸引力很強，強調(diào)欲望被喚醒。rambler n. 漫步者，散步者 ramble v. 漫步,漫談 n. CWe went for a ramble through the woods.我們散步穿過樹林。undertaking n. 任務，工作，事業(yè)，企業(yè)He is too timid to venture upon a new undertaking.他太膽小，不敢從事新的事業(yè)。New words and expression意

11、思類似于task，job ，enterpriseundertake v. 承擔，從事，保證，答應We could undertake the work for the time being.我們可暫時承擔這項工作。foresight n. 預見，深謀遠慮 The couple had the foresight to plan their retirement wisely.他們夫婦很有遠見，精心安排了退休后的生活。foresighted adj. 有先見之明的， 能預料的， 深謀遠慮的prevision n. 先見，預感farsightedness n. 遠視眼， 遠見prescience

12、n. 預知，先見Still he had a strange prescience, an intimation of something yet to come.不過他有一種奇特的預感，感到了某件事情就要發(fā)生！New words and expressionforetell v. 預言，預告，預示W(wǎng)e cant foretell how the world will end.我們不能預言世界將如何終結(jié)。forecast v&n.預測，預報 The weather forecast says it will be sunny tomorrow.天氣預報說明天是晴天。foresee He for

13、esaw that his journey would be delayed by bad weather. 他預知自己的旅程會被惡劣天氣耽擱。predict v.預言，預報，預知，預測 It is virtually impossible to predict the future accurately.精確預言未來的事實際上是辦不到的。anticipate vt.預期，提前使用，搶 . 前,期待 vi. 預言We anticipate hearing from you again. 我們期待再接到你們的來信。New words and expressionGrenoble n. 格勒諾布爾

14、(法國東南部城市)chasm n. n. 分歧，深坑，裂口Suddenly a huge chasm opened in the earth.大地突然裂開，形成一道深坑。There is always a vast chasm between rich and poor.貧富的鴻溝始終存在。gap n. 缺口，裂縫，差距，空白The road goes through a gap in the hills.這條路穿過兩條山脈之間的峽谷。abyss n. 深淵， 無底洞He has been in the abyss of despair.他已陷入絕望的深淵。New words and expr

15、essiongorge n. 峽谷，咽喉，大量食物，飽食，阻礙物，厭惡Have you been to the Yangtse Gorges?你去過長江三峽嗎？flaw n. 小裂縫, 瑕疵，缺陷，破綻，The flaw in this vase makes it less valuable.這個花瓶因為有點缺陷，不那么值錢了。distinguished adj.杰出的，卓越的，尊敬的 Distinguished guests and friends from the media: Good morning!尊敬的各位來賓，新聞界的朋友們:上午好!distinguish vt.區(qū)別，辨認，使顯

16、著 We should distinguish between right and wrong.我們應辨別是非。New words and expressiondistinguish oneself v. 使杰出,使揚名 He distinguished himself by his courage.他因英勇而揚名。Everest n. 珠穆朗瑪峰Everest is the highest mountain in the world. wade v. 跋涉， 涉水Theres no bridge; well have to wade across (the stream). 沒有橋，我們得渡

17、過(小河)去。wade intovt. 涉入,精神飽滿地開始,猛烈攻擊， 狼吞虎咽地吃He always waded into me whatever I said. 不管我說什么，他總是猛烈地抨擊我。New words and expressionwade invt. 涉入,參與 The job has to be done, so lets wade in immediately. 這件工作非做不可，咱們說干就干吧。wade through艱難地通過,費力地作完It took me at least three months to wade through The Decline of t

18、he West. 我起瑪花了三個月的時間才讀完西方文明的衰落。waterfall n. 瀑布gear n.工具，裝備 We need to sort out our camping gear before we go away.我們需要在離開前把我們野營用的裝備準備好。New words and expressioninflatable adj.可充氣的 That is an inflatable rubber boat.那是條可充氣的橡皮船。inflate vt.使膨脹，使得意，使通貨膨脹He is inflated with pride.他趾高氣揚。inflation通貨膨脹 rubble

19、 n. 瓦礫， 碎石Rubble covered the pavement.人行道上鋪了碎石塊。insistent adj.堅持的，迫切的 He was insistent on walking home.他堅持走回家。New words and expressionpersistent堅持的，連續(xù)的，固執(zhí)的 She eventually married the most persistent one of her admirers.她終于嫁給了最執(zhí)著追求她的人。boom v. 轟響，促進 n. 繁榮Foreign investments boomed the city.國外投資使這個城市迅速

20、繁榮起來。waterspout n. 強大的水柱， 海龍卷， 排水口spout n.噴口，水管，水柱 cleft n.裂縫，開裂 & adj.裂開的，分離的 The climber fell down a cleft in the rocks.爬山者跌入巖石的裂縫里。New words and expressioncleave v. .裂開，分開（尤指沿天然紋理），使分開 They cleaved a path through the wilderness.他們在荒原中開辟出一條路。cavern n.大洞穴 They explored the large cavern at the base

21、of this cliff.他們勘探了這個懸崖底部的大洞穴。stalagmite n. 石筍stalactite n.鐘乳石 limestone n. 石灰石We may burn limestone to obtain lime.我們可以通過燒石灰石來得到石灰。New words and expressionglisten v. 閃爍潮濕的物體上所反射的光澤，或是柔弱的光輝The street glistened in the rain.街道在雨水中閃光。eerie= eery adj. 怪誕的， 可怕的， 奇異的， 害怕的Its eerie to walk through a dark w

22、ood at night.夜晚在漆黑的森林中行走很是恐怖。weird adj.離奇的,古怪的strange adj.奇怪的,陌生的scary adj.可怕的,容易受驚的New words and expressiondome n.圓屋頂，蒼穹 They formed the dome with the trees branches.他們用樹枝搭成圓屋頂。She looked at the blue dome of the sky.她看著藍色的蒼穹。precise adj. 精確的，恰好的，準確的，嚴格的descent n. 下降precaution n. 預防，預防措施immense adj.

23、 巨大的，廣大的tunnel v. 挖地道，挖隧道course n. 路線plateau n. 高原spot v. 認出New words and expressionsteep adj. 險峻的，陡峭的corridor n. 走廊plunge v.使投入，跳入，栽進 dinghy n.小船，救生艇 current n. 水流pile n.堆，大量 arc n.弧，弧形物 instinct n.直覺，本能，天性 arouse v.叫醒，喚醒，激起 shallow adj.淺的，薄的 課文解析Cave exploration, ,as it has come to be known, isas

24、known 是由從屬連詞引導的方式狀語從句，課文中作插入語，表示“正如人們已經(jīng)開始知道的那樣”。代詞it指cave exploration 或 pot-holing.as除可用來引導時間，原因，讓步等狀語從句外，還可用來引導方式狀語從句，表示“正如”之意，如， Wed better leave the things as they are. 我們最好讓這些東西保持其原來的樣子。Perhaps it is the desires for solitude or the chance of making an unexpected discovery that lures people本句中it

25、is that結(jié)構(gòu)為強調(diào)句式，由其正常結(jié)構(gòu)The desire for solitude or the chance of making an unexpected discovery lures people變化而來。被強調(diào)的部分是正常結(jié)構(gòu)中的主語，即the desire for or the chance of, lures 為句子中的謂語動詞。這種結(jié)構(gòu)常常被譯作“正是”For him, caves have the same peculiar fascination which high mountains have for the climber.for him 對他來說。這里的him

26、泛指洞穴探險者。the same 不僅可以與as, that搭配使用，而且還可以同who, which(較少用),where等搭配使用，均表達“與一樣”之意，如，Hes the same man who/that was here yesterday.I was born in the same room where my brother was born.但是，如果后面為省略句，即一個名詞或代詞（作從句主語）時，通常使用as,如，I read the same book as you.Her hairs the same color as her mothers.課文解析It can tak

27、e as long as eight days to rig up rope ladders and to establish supply bases before a descent can be made into a very deep cave.as long as eight days 長達8天的時間。這里用asas結(jié)構(gòu)強調(diào)所用天數(shù)之多。it在句子中為先行詞it的使用方法，其后的兩個動詞不定式短語to rig up 和to establish 為邏輯主語。rig up 臨時/草草搭起，架起，如，Some of the soldiers had rigged up tents for

28、 the night.其中一些士兵已經(jīng)搭起了過夜的帳篷。make a descent into 下降進入, 如They made a descent into the mine.他們下了礦井。該句的從句中用的是被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)，即將該短語結(jié)構(gòu)中的賓語a descent 提前作了主語。課文解析As it is only six feet across,as為從屬連詞，引導一個原因狀語從句，即“由于它（指洞口）僅6英尺寬”the cave might never have been discovered had not the entrance been spotted“might + 完成時態(tài)”結(jié)構(gòu)

29、用來表示過去可能發(fā)生而沒有發(fā)生的事情，如You were stupid to try climbing up there. You might have killed yourself.使用這一結(jié)構(gòu)時，往往含有批評或責備的意味。這個結(jié)構(gòu)同后面的had not構(gòu)成虛擬語氣結(jié)構(gòu)。had not 為非真實性條件狀語從句，省略了if。 正常的結(jié)構(gòu)為：if the entrance had not been spotted by 非真實性條件從句中if的省略多用于較正式的文體之中，并且該從句中的主語后通常為were或had,或情態(tài)助動詞should。省略if的非真實性條件狀語從句。需使用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)形式，如

30、：課文解析Had I realized what you intended I should not have wasted my time trying to explain matters to you.如果我本來了解你的意圖，我就不會浪費時間向你作解釋了。Should you change your mind, let us know.你如果改變主意就告訴我們。it has become a sort of pot-holers Everest.句子指Gouffer Berger洞，把它比作Everest是暗喻手法。課文解析 much of it still remains to be

31、explored.remains to be explored 有待于進一步勘探。句子中的it指Gouffer Berger洞，much of it意即“這個洞中的許多東西”。They had to edge their way along this, sometimes wading, or swimmingedge their way 側(cè)身緩緩向前移動。sometimes wading across 與or swimming across為兩個現(xiàn)在分詞短語，在句子中作方式狀語，修飾edge。課文解析They plunged into the lake, and after loading,

32、 let theplunged 和let在句子中并列作謂語。and after loading在句子中作插入語，說明動作let發(fā)生的時間。To protect themselves from the icy water, they had to protect from 保護 以免 文中To protect themselves from the icy water 為動詞不定式，作目的狀語。將目的狀語的動詞不定式置于句首較其置于句后更為正式，語氣較重。At the far end of the lake,在湖的頂那頭/盡頭。介詞短語，在句子中作地點狀語。根據(jù)其后所隨內(nèi)容的不同，短語介詞at

33、the end of 可表示“在底（時間狀語）”，“在結(jié)尾（盡頭，為地點狀語）”和“達 限度（程度狀語）”，如，課文解析They went to Beijing at the end of last year.Youll find an index at the end of this book.She was at the end of her patience.an insistent booming sound which they found was caused by a small waterspout shooting downwhich was caused by of the

34、 cave 為定語從句，修飾sound。They found 為插入語，對其前面的成分作進一步的追加說明。除find外，常見用于此類插入語的動詞還有think, hope, guess, believe, suppose, wonder, see, know等，如，This, I suppose, will give you some idea of our stand on the issue.這個，我想，可以幫助你們對我們在此問題上的立場有所了解。課文解析The book he lent you, I think, was both interesting and instructive.他借給你的那本書我覺得既有趣又有教育意義。Squeezing through a cleft in the rocks, the size of a huge concert hall.Squeezing th