地鐵盾構(gòu)隧道管片結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)力學(xué)分析

1、管片襯砌結(jié)構(gòu)力學(xué)分析過(guò)程前處理確定分析標(biāo)題。/TITLE, Mechanical analysis on segment lining of shield tunnel in Metro !分析標(biāo)題/NOPR !菜單過(guò)濾設(shè)置/PMETH,OFF,0KEYW,PR_SET,1 KEYW,PR_STRUC,1 !保留結(jié)構(gòu)分析部分菜單/COM, /COM,Preferences for GUI filtering have been set to display:/COM, Structural 材料、實(shí)常數(shù)和單元類型定義/PREP7 !進(jìn)入前處理器ET,1,BEAM3 !設(shè)置梁?jiǎn)卧愋?，模擬管片襯

2、砌ET,2, COMBIN14 !設(shè)置彈簧單元類型，模擬襯砌與地層相互作用R,1,0.3, 0.00225,0.3, , , , !設(shè)置梁?jiǎn)卧獛缀纬?shù)，單位為mR,2,30e6, , , !設(shè)置彈簧單元幾何常數(shù)，單位為PaMPTEMP, !設(shè)置材料模型MPTEMP,1,0 MPDATA,EX,1,34.5e9 !輸入彈性模量，單位為PaMPDATA,PRXY,1,0.2 !輸入泊松比MPTEMP, !設(shè)置材料模型MPTEMP,1,0 MPDATA,DENS,1,2500 !輸入密度，單位為kgSAVE !保存數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)建立幾何模型（1）創(chuàng)建關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)。K,100,0,0,0, !通過(guò)編號(hào)和坐標(biāo)創(chuàng)建關(guān)鍵

3、點(diǎn)，圓心位置K,1,0.5925,2.7877,0,K,2,-0.5925,2.7877,0, K,3,2.7105,0.8807,0,K,4,-2.7105,0.8807,0, K,5,1.6752,-2.3057,0, K,6,-1.6752,-2.3057,0, !以上6個(gè)關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)為管片環(huán)向接頭位置SAVE !保存數(shù)據(jù)（2）創(chuàng)建盾構(gòu)隧道輪廓線。Larc,1,2,100,2.85 !通過(guò)兩個(gè)端點(diǎn)和圓弧內(nèi)側(cè)任意一點(diǎn)以及半徑畫(huà)圓弧Larc,2,4,100,2.85Larc,4,6,100,2.85Larc,6,5,100,2.85Larc,5,3,100,2.85Larc,3,1,100,2.8

4、5 !以上為盾構(gòu)隧道輪廓線的繪制SAVE !保存數(shù)據(jù)4. 創(chuàng)建彈簧節(jié)點(diǎn)所在的輪廓線（1）創(chuàng)建關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)。K,11,0.7277,3.4235,0, !通過(guò)編號(hào)和坐標(biāo)創(chuàng)建關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)K,12,-0.7277,3.4235,0, K,13,3.3287,1.0816,0, K,14,-3.3287,1.0816,0, K,15,2.0572,-2.8316,0, K,16,-2.0572,-2.8316,0, !以上6點(diǎn)對(duì)應(yīng)管片接頭，只是半徑更大了SAVE !保存數(shù)據(jù)（2）創(chuàng)建左右隧道彈簧節(jié)點(diǎn)輪廓線。Larc,11,12,100,3.5 !通過(guò)兩個(gè)端點(diǎn)和圓弧內(nèi)側(cè)任意一點(diǎn)以及半徑畫(huà)圓弧Larc,12,14,1

5、00,3.5Larc,14,16,100,3.5Larc,16,15,100,3.5Larc,15,13,100,3.5Larc,13,11,100,3.5 !以上為盾構(gòu)隧道彈簧外節(jié)點(diǎn)輪廓繪制，如圖9-6所示SAVE !保存數(shù)據(jù)單元網(wǎng)格劃分（1）設(shè)置單元大小，每6度為一單元，共60個(gè)單元，如圖9-7所示。lsel,s,1,7,6 !選擇線1和7LESIZE,all, , ,4, , , , ,1 !設(shè)置單元大小, 所有選擇的線被劃分成4個(gè)單元Allsel !選擇所有元素lsel,s,2,8,6 !選擇線2和8lsel,a,6,12,6 !再選擇線6和12LESIZE,all, , ,10, ,

6、 , , ,1 !設(shè)置單元大小, 所有選擇的線被劃分成10個(gè)單元Allsellsel,s,3,5,1 !選擇線3到5lsel,a,9,11,1 !再選擇線9和11LESIZE,all, , ,12, , , , ,1 !設(shè)置單元大小, 所有選擇的線被劃分成12個(gè)單元Allsel !選擇所有元素/PNUM,LINE,1 !顯示線/PNUM,ELEM,0 !顯示編號(hào)/REPLOT !重新顯示Lplot !顯示線SAVE !保存數(shù)據(jù)（2）劃分單元，其單元圖如圖9-8所示。TYPE, 1 !設(shè)置將要?jiǎng)?chuàng)建單元的類型，二次襯砌MAT, 1 !設(shè)置將要?jiǎng)?chuàng)建單元的材料REAL, 1 !設(shè)置將要?jiǎng)?chuàng)建單元的幾何常

7、數(shù)lmesh, all !對(duì)所有的線進(jìn)行單元?jiǎng)澐諷AVE !保存數(shù)據(jù)（3）創(chuàng)建彈簧單元，加了彈簧單元的單元網(wǎng)格如圖9-9所示。TYPE, 2 !設(shè)置將要?jiǎng)?chuàng)建單元的類型MAT, 1 !設(shè)置將要?jiǎng)?chuàng)建單元的材料REAL, 2 !設(shè)置將要?jiǎng)?chuàng)建單元的幾何常數(shù)E,1,61 !通過(guò)單元的兩個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)創(chuàng)建彈簧單元 !依次繼續(xù)直到所有的彈簧單元?jiǎng)?chuàng)建完成，其節(jié)點(diǎn)的編號(hào)如圖9-10所示。TYPE, 1 !設(shè)置將要?jiǎng)?chuàng)建單元的類型MAT, 1 !設(shè)置將要?jiǎng)?chuàng)建單元的材料REAL, 1 !設(shè)置將要?jiǎng)?chuàng)建單元的幾何常數(shù)LCLEAR,7,12,1 !清除線16到23上的所有單元ALLSEL,ALL !選擇所有元素NUMMRG,ALL

8、, , , ,LOW !合并所有元素NUMCMP,ALL !壓縮所有元素的編號(hào)/PNUM,KP,0 !以下為顯示單元顏色/PNUM,ELEM,1/REPLOT !重新顯示Eplot !顯示單元Finish !返回Main Menu 主菜單SAVE !保存數(shù)據(jù)加載與求解加載（1）對(duì)四周各節(jié)點(diǎn)施加“Ux”和“Uy”兩個(gè)方向的約束。/SOL !進(jìn)入求解器LST,2,60,1,ORDE,2 !選擇要施加約束的節(jié)點(diǎn)，共60個(gè)FITEM,2,61 FITEM,2,-120!* /GO D,P51X, ,0, , , ,UX,UY, , , , !在“Ux”和“Uy”兩個(gè)方向的施加約束（2）施加重力加速度。

9、ACEL,0,10,0, !在Y方向施加重力加速度Save !保存數(shù)據(jù)（4）節(jié)點(diǎn)力的計(jì)算。具體的計(jì)算公式如第3.3.3小節(jié)中介紹的等效節(jié)點(diǎn)荷載計(jì)算式，本實(shí)例采用EXCEL電子表格進(jìn)行計(jì)算。FLST,5,8,4,ORDE,5 !原則節(jié)點(diǎn)所在的6條線，線7到12Allsel !選擇所有元素lsel,s,7,12,1 !選擇線7到12NSLL,R,1 !選擇線上的節(jié)點(diǎn)/PNUM,NODE,1 !顯示節(jié)點(diǎn)編號(hào)設(shè)置/REPLOT NPLOT !顯示節(jié)點(diǎn)NLIST,ALL, , , ,NODE,NODE,NODE !列出節(jié)點(diǎn)坐標(biāo)SAVE !保存數(shù)據(jù)（4）在節(jié)點(diǎn)上施加節(jié)點(diǎn)力，加上荷載和位移邊界條件后的幾何模

10、型如見(jiàn)圖9-11所示。f,1,fx,-3502.5 !在節(jié)點(diǎn)上施加X(jué)方向節(jié)點(diǎn)力f,3,fx,-1170f,4,fx,0f,5,fx,3502.5f,2,fx,5790 !以上為在拱頂管片（封頂塊）上施加X(jué)方向節(jié)點(diǎn)力f,7,fx,8017.5f,8,fx,10155f,9,fx,12187.5f,10,fx,14077.5f,11,fx,15825f,12,fx,17385f,13,fx,18765f,14,fx,19935f,15,fx,20887.5f,6,fx,21611.25 !以上為在左鄰接塊上施加X(jué)方向節(jié)點(diǎn)力f,17,fx,22098f,18,fx,22342.97396f,19,f

11、x,22342.77605f,20,fx,22098f,21,fx,21611.25f,22,fx,20888.25f,23,fx,19935f,24,fx,18765f,25,fx,17385f,26,fx,15825f,27,fx,14077.5f,16,fx,12187.5 !以上為在左標(biāo)準(zhǔn)塊上施加X(jué)方向節(jié)點(diǎn)力f,29,fx,10155f,30,fx,8017.5f,31,fx,5790f,32,fx,0f,33,fy,1170f,34,fx,0f,35,fx,-3502.5f,36,fx,-5790f,37,fx,-8017.5f,38,fx,-10155f,39,fx,-12187.

12、5f,28,fx,-14077.5 !以上為底部標(biāo)準(zhǔn)塊上施加X(jué)方向節(jié)點(diǎn)力f,41,fx,-15825f,42,fx,-17385f,43,fx,-18765f,44,fx,-19935f,45,fx,-20888.25f,46,fx,-21611.25f,47,fx,-22098f,48,fx,-22342.77611f,49,fx,-22342.9739f,50,fx,-22098f,51,fx,-21611.25f,40,fx,-20887.5 !以上為在右標(biāo)準(zhǔn)塊上施加X(jué)方向節(jié)點(diǎn)力f,52,fx,-19935f,53,fx,-18765f,54,fx,-17385f,55,fx,-1582

13、5f,56,fx,-14077.5f,57,fx,-12187.5f,58,fx,-10155f,59,fx,-8017.5f,60,fx,-5790 !以上為在右鄰接塊上施加X(jué)方向節(jié)點(diǎn)力f,1,fy,-35354.4 !在節(jié)點(diǎn)上施加Y方向節(jié)點(diǎn)力f,3,fy,-35745.6f,4,fy,-35745.6f,5,fy,-35354.4f,2,fy,-34578 !以上為在拱頂管片（封頂塊）上施加Y方向節(jié)點(diǎn)力f,7,fy,-33426f,8,fy,-31896f,9,fy,-30024f,10,fy,-27816f,11,fy,-25308f,12,fy,-22536f,13,fy,-19500

14、f,14,fy,-16248f,15,fy,-12828f,6,fy,-9264 !以上為在左鄰接塊上施加Y方向節(jié)點(diǎn)力f,17,fy,-5604f,18,fy,-1872f,19,fy,0f,20,fy,5604f,21,fy,9264f,22,fy,12828f,23,fy,16248f,24,fy,19500f,25,fy,22524f,26,fy,25320f,27,fy,27816f,16,fy,30024 !以上為在左標(biāo)準(zhǔn)塊上施加Y方向節(jié)點(diǎn)力f,29,fy,31896f,30,fy,33418.8f,31,fy,34579.2f,32,fy,35179.2f,33,fy,35749.

15、2f,34,fy,35749.2f,35,fy,35356.8f,36,fy,34579.2f,37,fy,33418.8f,38,fy,31896f,39,fy,30024f,28,fy,27816 !以上為底部標(biāo)準(zhǔn)塊上施加Y方向節(jié)點(diǎn)力f,41,fy,25320f,42,fy,22524f,43,fy,19500f,44,fy,16248f,45,fy,12828f,46,fy,9264f,47,fy,5604f,48,fy,1872f,49,fy,0f,50,fy,-5604f,51,fy,-9264f,40,fy,-12828 !以上為在右標(biāo)準(zhǔn)塊上施加Y方向節(jié)點(diǎn)力f,52,fy,-162

16、48f,53,fy,-19500f,54,fy,-22536f,55,fy,-25308f,56,fy,-27816f,57,fy,-30024f,58,fy,-31896f,59,fy,-33426f,60,fy,-34578 !以上為在右鄰接塊上施加Y方向節(jié)點(diǎn)力求解（1）求解前設(shè)置。NROPT,FULL, , !采用全牛頓拉普森法進(jìn)行求解Allsel !選擇所有內(nèi)容Outres,all,all !輸出所有內(nèi)容D,4, ,0, , 34, 30,UX, , , , , !在節(jié)點(diǎn)4，34上施加水平位移約束D,19, ,0, , 49, 30,UY, , , , , !在節(jié)點(diǎn)49，19上施加豎向

17、位移約束（2）求解。Solve !求解計(jì)算Finish !求解結(jié)束返回Main Menu 主菜單SAVE !保存數(shù)據(jù)后處理初次查看內(nèi)力和變形結(jié)果（1）繪制變形圖，如圖9-12所示。路徑為：General Postproc Plot Results Deformed Shape DefUndeformed。/POST1 !進(jìn)入后處理器PLDISP,1 !繪制變形和未變形圖（2）內(nèi)力表格制作。路徑：General PostprocElement TableDefine Table。ETABLE, ,SMISC, 6 ! 6、12表示彎矩ETABLE, ,SMISC, 12 ETABLE, ,SMI

18、SC, 1 ! 1、7表示軸力ETABLE, ,SMISC, 7 ETABLE, ,SMISC, 2 ! 2、8表示剪力ETABLE, ,SMISC, 8 （3）查看內(nèi)力，包括彎矩、軸力和剪力，如圖9-13圖9-15所示。路徑：General Postproc Plot Results Contour Plot Line Elem Res。ESEL,U,TYPE,1 !僅顯示單元類型1PLLS,SMIS6,SMIS12,-1.5,0 !繪制彎矩圖PLLS,SMIS1,SMIS7,1,0 !繪制軸力圖PLLS,SMIS2,SMIS8,2,0 !繪制剪力圖Save !保存數(shù)據(jù)去除受拉彈簧再計(jì)算由圖

19、9-12可以看出，大部分彈簧單元都是受拉，因此要去除受拉彈簧單元，并進(jìn)行重新計(jì)算。采用單元的“生死”來(lái)模擬，即將受拉彈簧的屬性賦予“死”。路徑：SolutionLoadStepOptionsOtherBirthandDeathKill Elements。Finish !結(jié)束后處理器操作/sol !進(jìn)入求解器FLST,2,13,2 !選擇單元共13個(gè)彈簧（底部的）FITEM,2,147 FITEM,2,148 FITEM,2,149 FITEM,2,150 FITEM,2,152 FITEM,2,151 FITEM,2,153 FITEM,2,154 FITEM,2,155 FITEM,2,156 FITEM,2,157 FITEM,2,158 FITEM,2,159 EKILL,P51X !殺死所選擇的單元 FLST,2,13,2 !選擇單元