英語時態(tài)及相關習題大全課件

1、初中八種時態(tài)時態(tài)學習是英語學習重點，是學習其他語法的基礎，應與重點學習。第1頁，共37頁。一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)（一）定義表示經常性或習慣性的動作，或存在的狀態(tài)，還表示主語具備的性格和能力及客觀真理。例：I get up at 6:30 in the morning . She is at home .(二)構成 主要用動詞原形表示，當主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時，在動詞詞尾加s/es。(三)句型 1、肯定句：主語+謂語+其他。 She reads English everyday . 2、否定句：主語+dont/doesnt+謂語+其他。 He doesnt get up at 6:30 in the mor

2、ning . 3、一般疑問句：Do/Does+主語+V原+其他？ Do you like English ? Yes ,I do ./No, I dont .第2頁，共37頁。一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)4、特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+do/does+主語+V原+其他？ What time do you get up every morning ? Where does your father work ?（三）用法 1、表示經常性或習慣性的動作，或存在的狀態(tài)，帶與表示頻率的時間狀語如：often , sometimes , usually，always , everyday year，month） , once

3、/twice a week (month , year , etc.) , seldom , on sundays等連用。 I leave home for school at seven every morning . 2、表示客觀真理，科學事實、格言警句。 The sun rises in the east . 日出東方。 The earth goes around the sun . 地球繞著太陽轉。 Ten minus two is eight. 十減二等于八。 Light travels faster than sound . 光的速度比聲音的速度快。 The United Stat

4、es lies by the west coast of the Pacific Ocean. 美國位于太平洋西岸。 3、根據(jù)英文語法規(guī)定，當主句的謂語動詞是一般將來時，那么時間或條件狀語從句的謂語動詞只能用一般現(xiàn)在時來表示將來要發(fā)生的動作。Ill tell him the news when he comes back. 他回來時，我將告訴他這個消息。 If you come this afternoon, well have a meeting .第3頁，共37頁。4、僅為了描述狀態(tài)、性質、特征、能力等等。這里的目的是為了描述現(xiàn)階段的動作或狀態(tài)，其重點不是強調動作發(fā)生的時間、或進行的狀態(tài)。

5、例如：He can speak five foreign languages .他能說五種外語。That is a beautiful city .那是座美麗的城市。Changjiang River is one of the longest rivers in the world. 長江是世界上最長的河流之一。 She majors in music .她主修音樂。 All my family love football .我全家人都喜歡足球。 My sister is always ready to help others . 我妹妹總是樂于助人。（四）動詞第三人稱單數(shù)形式變化規(guī)則 1、一

6、般情況下，動詞后直接加-s;如：help-helps ,clean-cleans ,give-gives等。 2、以s，x，ch，sh或o結尾的動詞，在詞尾加-es;如：dress-dresses,fix-fixes,watch-watches,finish-finishes等。 3、以輔音字母加y結尾的動詞，把y變?yōu)閕，再加-es;如：study-studies,fly-flies,carry-carries等。 4、動詞have遇在主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時，have改為has，如：He has an interesting book .5、動詞be遇有主語是第一人稱單數(shù)時，be改為am，遇有主

7、語是第二人稱時，be改為are，遇有主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時，be改為is 第4頁，共37頁。一般現(xiàn)在時練習題1I _(write) to you as soon as I _(get) to London.2. He doeant feel well and _(not eat) any food this morning.3. He _ not _(see) me come in, for he _(read) something with great interest.4. I _(l;et) you have the book as soon as I _(finish) it.5. Wh

8、ile we _(wait) for our teacher, a little boy _(run) up to us.6. Dont make a niose. Grandpa _(sleep). 7.Its seven now, Toms family_(watch) TV.8. It _(take) me two hours to finish my homework last night.9. What _ your mother _(do) at eight yesterday evening? She _(wash) clothes.10. _ it _ (rain) when

9、school was over yesterday?11. What _(do) _ tomorrow? We _ (play) football.12. There _ (be) a football match on TV this evening.13. They said they _ (visit) the Great Wall the next summer holiday.14. Who _ (dance) the best in your class? 15. Will you come if he _ (not come)?16. The teacher told us th

10、e earth _ (move) round the sun. 17She _ (buy) a sweater yesterday.18. They _ (have) a party in the garden if it _ (not rain) tomorrow.19. I dont know if Mr.Wang _ (go) to Shanghai tomorrow. If he _ (go), I _ (ask) him _ (take) some books to my daughter, because she _ (study) there.第5頁，共37頁。一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)單項選

11、擇：1.The students will go to the Summer Palace if it _ tomorrow. A.dont rain B. doesnt rain C. wont rain2. There _ an English film next week. A. will have B. is going to have C. is going to be D. was going to be3. The picture _ nice. A.looks B.is looked C.look D.is looking4. She _ down and soon fell

12、asleep. A. live B. lain C. laid D. lay5. They _ the office at nine yesterday morning. A. reached to B. arrived C. went D. get to6. We shall go to Shanghai on business before you _ back next week. A. wil come B. came C. would come D. come7. Dont smoke until the plane _ off. A.takes B.took C.was taken

13、 D.is take第6頁，共37頁。一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài) 8. I saw her _ the room this morning. A.to enter B. entered C. enter D. enters9.the teacher asked us _ to school on time. A. to come B.coming C.come D.comes10. John is always _ others. A. help B. helping C. helps D. to help11. He told us _ at eight. A. working B. to work C.

14、 work D. worked12. Youd better _ at home and _ your homework. A. to stay, do B. stay, do C. to stay, to do D. stay, to do13. He sat down _ a rest. A. having B. have C. to have D. had14. Uncle Wang knows _ a washing machine. A. how to make B. to make C. how making D. what to make15. Jim decided _ Pol

15、ly to Ling Feng when he was back to England. A. to leave B. left C. leaving D. leave第7頁，共37頁。一般過去時（一）結構 一般過去時用動詞的過去式表示。（如表所示）注：在一般過去時的句子中，謂語動詞可分為兩類一類是be動詞，其形式為was與第一、三人稱單數(shù)連用，were與第二人稱和復數(shù)人稱的主語連用。凡是由be動詞做謂語的句子，變否定句時，直接在其后加not,即wasnt 或werent，變一般疑問句將was/ were放在句首，句末用問號。另一類謂語動詞是由行為動詞來充當，如stayedwentvisite

16、d等,這一類動詞做謂語時，可與任何人稱連用，句子變否定時，要在主語后面，動詞的前面加didnt，動詞用原形；一般疑問句是把did提到句首，動詞用原形 基本結構否定詞一般疑問句 Be動詞Was/were+notwas或were提前，放于句首 行為動詞Didnt+doDid+主語+do（動詞原形） 第8頁，共37頁。I was in Shanghai last year .I wasnt in Shanghai last year . Was you in Shanghai last year ? He went to the park yesterday . He didnt go to the

17、 park yesterday ? Did he go to the park yesterday ?（二）句式 1、肯定句：主語+動詞過去式+其他。 I was in Beijing yesterday . I went to the beach yesterday . 2、否定句：主語+wasnt 或werent+其他。 主語+didnt + V原+其他。 I wasnt in Beijing yesterday . I didnt go to the beach yesterday . 3、一般疑問句：was/ were+主語+V原+其他？ Did +主語+V原+其他？ Were you

18、 in Beijing yesterday ? Did you go to the beach yesterday ? 第9頁，共37頁。一般過去時態(tài)4、特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+ was/ were+主語+其他？ 特殊疑問詞+did+主語+V原+其他？ Where were you yesterday ? Where did yougo yesterday ?（三）用法 1、表示過去某一時刻或某一段時間里所發(fā)生的動作或情況，常與明確的時間狀語連用，如：yesterday,last week(month , year),ago,the other day ,just now ,at the ag

19、e of,in 1980等連用。如： At the age of ten ,she began to learn to play the piano . 2、表示過去經常發(fā)生或反復發(fā)生的動作，常與表示頻度的時間狀語連用。 When I was a child ,I often play the football in the street . 3、在時間、條件狀語從句中，常用一般過去時態(tài)代替過去將來時。 He said he wouldnt go if it rained .（四）動詞過去式的規(guī)則變化1) 一般情況下, 在動詞原形末尾加-ed ; 如look-looked2) 結尾是字母e 的

20、動詞加-d, 如 practice-practiced；3) 結尾是“輔音字母+y” 的動詞, 變“y”為“i” 再加ed, 如study studied;4) 重讀閉音節(jié)結尾, 雙寫動詞尾的輔音字母，再加ed, 如stop stopped。第10頁，共37頁。一般過去時態(tài)不規(guī)則動詞表Infinitive Past tense Infinitive Past tensecatch caught come camedo did draw drewdrink drank drive droveeat ate fall fell am is was are werebegin begun break

21、 brokebring brought build builtbuy bought can could動詞過去式的記憶口訣動詞一般過去時, 表示過去發(fā)生事；be用was或用were, have, has變had；謂語動詞過去式, 過去時間坐標志；一般動詞加- ed, 若是特殊得硬記。否定句很簡單, 主語之后didnt添；疑問句也不難, did放在主語前；如果謂語之前有did, 謂語動詞需還原；動詞若是was, were, 否定就把not添。第11頁，共37頁。一般過去時態(tài)（練習） 1. I _ (watch) a cartoon on Saturday.2. Her father _ (rea

22、d) a newspaper last night.3. We _ to zoo yesterday, we _ to the park. (go)4. _ you _ (visit) your relatives last Spring Festival?5. _ he _ (fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he _.6. Gao Shan _ (pull) up carrots last National Day holiday.7. I _ (sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother _.8. What _ she _ (

23、find) in the garden last morning?She _ (find) a beautiful butterfly.9. It _ (be) Bens birthday last Friday10. 10. We all _ (have) a good time last night.11. He _ (jump) high on last Sports Day.12. 12. Helen _ (milk) a cow on Friday.13. She likes _ newspapers, but she _ a book yesterday. (read)14. He

24、 _ football now, but they _ basketball just now. (play)15. Jims mother _ (plant) trees just now.16. _ they _ (sweep) the floor on Sunday? No, they _.17. I _ (watch) a cartoon on Monday.18 We _ (go) to school on Sunday.19. It _ (be) the 2nd of November yesterday. Mr White _ (go) to his office by car.

25、20. Gao Shan _ (put) the book on his head a moment ago.21. Dont _ the house. Mum _ it yesterday. (clean)22. What _ you _ just now? I _ some housework. (do)23. They _ (make) a kite a week ago.第12頁，共37頁。一般將來時 （一）概念表示將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。There will be an English party next Saturday .We will come to see you to

26、morrow .（二）結構1、由will +動詞原形構成，其will適用于各種人稱，與主語連在一起時，常?？s寫為ll。變否定句時，只需在will后加not，可縮寫為wont 。在疑問句中，will需提前，構成will+主語+動詞原形的結構。 He will arrive here this evening .他今晚抵達這里。2、shall+動詞原形（常用于主語為第一人稱）I shall / will not be free tomorrow .我明天沒空。3、be going to+動詞原形（打算、準備做某事） He is going to spend his holidays in Lond

27、on . 他打算在倫敦度假 第13頁，共37頁。一般將來時態(tài)（三）用法 1、表示在將來某個時間將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，常與表示將來的時間狀語，如：tomorrow, next day（week，month，year）， this evening (weekend ), in the future , in a few minutes， the day after tomorrow ,by， soon 等連用。I will pay a visit to Shanghai next week .I hope you wont be late next time . 2、當主句為一般現(xiàn)在時，在以

28、after,when,while,as soon as ,if ,unless等引導的時間或條件句中，要用一般現(xiàn)在時表將來。Ill do it better if the teacher gives me another chance .第14頁，共37頁。一般將來時態(tài)一般將來時練習題一、單項選擇( ) 1. There _ a meeting tomorrow afternoon. A. will be going to B. will going to be C. is going to be D. will go to be( ) 2. Charlie _ here next month

29、. A. isnt working B. doesnt working C. isnt going to working D. wont work( ) 3. He _ very busy this week, he _ free next week. A. will be; is B. is; is C. will be; will be D. is; will be( ) 4. There _ a dolphin show in the zoo tomorrow evening. A. was B. is going to have C. will have D. is going to

30、be( ) 5. -_ you _ free tomorrow? - No. I _ free the day after tomorrow.A. Are; going to; will B. Are; going to be; willC. Are; going to; will be D. Are; going to be; will be( ) 6. Mother _ me a nice present on my next birthday. A. will gives B. will give C. gives D. give( ) 7. - Shall I buy a cup of

31、 tea for you? -_. （不，不要。） A. No, you wont. B. No, you arent. C. No, please dont. D. No, please.( ) 8. - Where is the morning paper? - I _ if for you at once. A. get B. am getting C. to get D. will get( ) 9. _ a concert next Saturday? A. There will be B. Will there be C. There can be D. There are( )

32、10. If they come, we _ a meeting. A. have B. will have C. had D. would have第15頁，共37頁。一般將來時態(tài) ( ) 10. If they come, we _ a meeting. A. have B. will have C. had D. would have( ) 11. He _ her a beautiful hat on her next birthday. A. gives B. gave C. will giving D. is going to giving( ) 12. He _ to us as

33、 soon as he gets there. A. writes B. has written C. will write D. wrote( ) 13. He _ in three days. A. coming back B. came back C. will come back D. is going to coming back( ) 14. If it _ tomorrow, well go roller-skating.A. isnt rain B. wont rain C. doesnt rain D. doesnt fine( ) 15. - Will his parent

34、s go to see the Terra Cotta Warriors tomorrow? - No, _ （不去）. A. they willnt. B. they wont. C. they arent. D. they dont.( ) 16. Who _ we _ swimming with tomorrow afternoon? A. will; go B. do; go C. will; going D. shall; go( ) 17. We _ the work this way next time. A. do B. will do C. going to do D. wi

35、ll doing( ) 18. Tomorrow he _ a kite in the open air first, and then _ boating in the park.A. will fly; will go B. will fly; goes C. is going to fly; will goes D. flies; will go( ) 19. The day after tomorrow they _ a volleyball match.A. will watching B. watches C. is watching D. is going to watch( )

36、 20. There _ a birthday party this Sunday. A. shall be B. will be C. shall going to be D. will going to be第16頁，共37頁。過去將來時 表示過去的某時以后將要發(fā)生的動作。但這個將來時間絕不會延伸到“現(xiàn)在”；而僅限于“過去時間區(qū)域內”。由此可以看出，含這個時態(tài)的句子常帶一個表示“過去某個時間點”的狀語。這個狀語或是一個短語，或是一個句子。這個時態(tài)常用于：A）賓語從句或間接引語中；B）表示過去習慣性的動作；C）表示過去情況中的“愿望”、“傾向”，多用于否定句。例如：A) When I tho

37、ught about it , I wondered what their reaction would be . 當我考慮這件事時，我想知道他們的反應是什么。She told me that she would go on trip to Europe the next day. 她告訴我，她第二天要去歐洲旅行 第17頁，共37頁。過去將來時態(tài)He didnt expect that we would all be there. 他沒料到我們會全在那兒。B) During that period , he would do morning-exercises every day. 在那段時間

38、，他每天早鍛煉。Whenever he had time, he would help his mother with some housework. 無論他什么時間有空,他總是幫他媽媽干點家務活。C) No matter how difficult the work was , he would keep on doing it until he accomplished it . 不管工作有多難，他總會堅持不懈地把它干完。They knew that we would never permit such a thing. 他們知道我們絕不會允許發(fā)生這樣的事。Even after the l

39、ecture ended, the audience would not leave . 甚至在講座結束之后，聽眾仍不肯離去。過去將來時基本結構過去將來時由would, was/were going to, was/were to was/were about to等加動詞原形構成, 也可由was/were on the point of加動名詞構成。例句：I knew you would agree. 我知道你會同意的。I said I would arrange everything. 我說我來安排一切。過去將來時練習題第18頁，共37頁。過去將來時態(tài)I. 選擇填空1. Li Ming s

40、aid he _happy if Brian_to China next month. A. as; come B. was; would come C. would be; came D. will be; come2. Jenny said she _her holiday in China. A. spent B. would spent C. was going to spent D. would spend3. What did your son say in the letter? He told me that he _ the Disney World the next day

41、. A. will visit B. has visitedC. is going to visit D. would visit4. I hoped Tina _ to my birthday party on time the next Wednesday. A. to come B. is coming C. will come D. was coming5. Father said that he _ me to Beijing the next year. A. took B. would take C. takes D. will take6. We were not sure w

42、hether they _ more vegetables. A. are going to grow B. were going to grow C. will grow D. have grown7. She _ to work when the telephone rang. A. is going B. will go C. was about to go D. is to go第19頁，共37頁?，F(xiàn)在進行時（一）結構 由 Be(amisare) 動詞ing 構成。（二）用法1、表示說話時刻正在進行的動作及行為，或者包括說話時刻在內的一段時間正在進行的動作。常用時間狀語及標志詞：now

43、( at the moment ) , listen , look , this week , this evening , these days 等。 Listen , Someone is playing the piano in the next room . 2、表示一種漸進的過程。My younger brother is becoming more and more insterested in English .第20頁，共37頁。現(xiàn)在進行時3、與always , all the time , forever等連用，表示說話人某種強烈的情感，如：贊許、批評；喜歡、厭惡等。例如：H

44、e is always thinking of others , not of himself . （表示贊許）他總是為他人著想，而不為自己。She is often doing well at school. （表示滿意）她在學校學習挺不錯的。Are you feeling better today? （表示親切）你今天覺得好一些嗎？One of my roommates is constantly leaving things about.（表示不滿）我的一個室友老是亂扔東西。Some sellers are often knocking at our door and promoting

45、 their products to us .（表示不喜歡） 有些推銷員老是敲我家的門,向我們推銷他們的產品。4、表示移位的動詞，如go,come,leave,start,arrive等，其現(xiàn)在進行時可表將來。 She is leaving for Beijing next weak .My friend is coming for dinner .第21頁，共37頁。現(xiàn)在進行時（三）句型 1、肯定句：主語+ be(amisare) 動詞ing +其他。 I am studying now . 2、否定句：主語+ be +not+動詞ing +其他。 I am not studying now

46、 . 3、一般疑問句：Be+主語+動詞ing +其他？ Is she studying now ? Yes ,she is ./No,she isnt . 4、特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+ Be+主語+動詞ing +其他？ What are you doing now ? （四）動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞形式構成的幾種方法： 1、一般在動詞原形結尾直接加-ing 。read-reading ，go-going ，visit-visiting 2、以不發(fā)音字母e結尾的動詞，去e再加-ing。 live-living, write-writing，make-making,take-taking 3、以重讀閉音節(jié)結

47、尾且末尾只有一個輔音字母的詞，雙寫這個字母再加-ing 。sit-sitting,begin-beginning,get-getting,run-running,put-putting 4、少數(shù)幾個以ie結尾的動詞，變ie為y再加-ing。 die-dying, lie-lying, tie-tying第22頁，共37頁?，F(xiàn)在進行時1.The boy _ ( draw)a picture now.2. Listen .Some girls _( sing)in the classroom .3. My mother _ ( cook )some nice food now.4. What _

48、you _ ( do ) now?5. Look . They _( have) an English lesson .6.They _(not ,water) the flowers now.7.Look! the girls _(dance )in the classroom .8.What is our granddaughter doing?She _(listen ) to music.9. Its 5 oclock now. We _(have)supper now10._Helen_(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is 第23頁，共37頁。過去進行時 （一）結構

49、 由was/were+動詞-ing構成。（二）用法 表示過去某一時刻或某一段時間正在進行或發(fā)生的動作。動作發(fā)生的特指時間常用一個短語或時間狀語從句來表明，如：at this time yesterday，at 7:00 yesterday ，last night ,from seven to nine ,at that time以when或while引導的時間狀語從句等。 My family were watching TV at this time yesterday . 注意：（1）以when引導的時間狀語從句中，從句動作，主句用過去進行時，表示一個動作發(fā)生時，另一個動作正在進行。 Whe

50、n he called me , I was having dinner . （2）以while引導的時間狀語從句中，從句與主句的動作在過去某一時刻同時進行，while常譯為“當?shù)臅r候，同時”。 Tom was doing his hmework while hie sister was watching TV .第24頁，共37頁。過去進行時 1.I _ cooked a meal when you _ me.a cooked, were ringing b. was cooking, rangc. was cooking, were ringing d. cooked, rang2.He

51、said he _ to draw a plane on the blackboard at that time.a. tries b. tried c. was trying d. will try3.While she _ TV, she _ a sound outside the room.a. was watching, was hearing b. watched, was hearingc. watched, heard d. was watching, heard4.They _ a football game from 7 to 9 last night.a. were wat

52、ching b. watch c. watched d. are watching5.What book _ you _ when I _ you at four yesterday afternoon?a. did, read, was seeing b. did, read, sawc. were, reading, saw d. were, reading, was seeing6.It was Friday evening. Mr and Mrs. Green _ ready to fly to England.a. are getting b. get c. were getting

53、 d. got第25頁，共37頁。過去進行時7.Lei Feng _ always _ of others when he _ in the army.a. is, thinking, was b. was, thinking, is c. did, think, is d. was, thinking, was8.A girl _ my pen fall off the table when she _ me.a. saw, passed b. was seeing, passed c. was seeing, passed d. was seeing, was passing9.We _

54、for tom at ten last Sunday. He often kept us _.a. were waiting, waiting b. were waiting, wait c. waited, waiting d. waited, wait10.He _ his father on the farm the whole afternoon last Saturday.a. helps b. would help c. was helping d. is helping11.While mother _ some washing, I _ a kite for Kate.a. d

55、id, made b. was doing, made c. was doing, was making d. did, was making12._ you angry then? they _ too much noise.a. are, were making b. were, were making c. are, made d. were, made第26頁，共37頁?，F(xiàn)在完成時（一）含義 現(xiàn)在完成時用來表示現(xiàn)在之前已發(fā)生或完成的動作或狀態(tài)，但其結果卻和現(xiàn)在有聯(lián)系, 也就是說, 動作或狀態(tài)發(fā)生在過去但它的影響現(xiàn)在還存在。e.g. I have lost my wallet. (含義是

56、：現(xiàn)在我沒有錢花了。)Jane has laid the table.(含義是：已可以吃飯了。) Michael has been ill.(含義是：現(xiàn)在仍然很虛弱。) He has returned from abroad. (含義是：現(xiàn)在已在此地)（二）結構 助動詞have /has+動詞過去分詞，主語為第三人稱單數(shù)用has，其他人稱用have 。第27頁，共37頁?，F(xiàn)在完成時（三）句型 1、肯定句：主語+have /has+動詞過去分詞+其他。 I have studied English for 5 years . 2、否定句：主語+have /has+not +動詞過去分詞+其他。

57、We havent been there . 3、一般疑問句：Have/Has+主語+動詞過去分詞+其他？ Has he eaten that apple ? 4、特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+ have /has +主語+動詞過去分詞+其他？（四）用法 1、現(xiàn)在完成時可以用來表示發(fā)生在過去某一時刻的、持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的情況,常與for, since連用。 e.g. Mary has been ill for three days. I have lived here since 1998. 2、現(xiàn)在完成時往往同表示不確定的過去時間狀語連用, 如already, yet, just, before, re

58、cently, lately等：e.g. He has already obtained a scholarship. I havent seen much of him recently (lately). We have seen that film before. Have they found the missing child yet?第28頁，共37頁?，F(xiàn)在完成時 3、現(xiàn)在完成時常常與表示頻度的時間狀語連用，如often, sometimes, ever, never, twice, on several occasion等：e.g. Have you ever been to B

59、eijing? I have never heard Bunny say anything against her. I have used this pen only three times. It is still good. George has met that gentleman on several occasions. 4、現(xiàn)在完成時還往往可以同包括現(xiàn)在時間在內的時間狀語連用，如now, up to these few days/weeks/months/years, this morning/week/month/year, now, just, today, up to pr

60、esent, so far等。e.g. Peter has written six papers so far. Man has now learned to release energy from the nucleus of the atom. There has bee too much rain this year. The relations between us have been enhanced in the past few years. Up to the present everything has been successful.第29頁，共37頁。現(xiàn)在完成時 5、現(xiàn)在