Oracle9i應(yīng)用服務(wù)器及J2EE架構(gòu)課件

1、Oracle 9i應(yīng)用服務(wù)器及J2EE架構(gòu)馬 梅 計算中心數(shù)據(jù)庫課題組2002.2.25內(nèi) 容Oracle 9i應(yīng)用服務(wù)器Oracle9iAS Containers for J2EE ArchitectureOracle 9i 應(yīng)用服務(wù)器Oracle9iAS同Oracle9i和Oracle9iDeveloperSuite工具集結(jié)合在一起，為創(chuàng)建、提交和管理Internet應(yīng)用提供了高度可伸縮的、基于標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的基礎(chǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)和優(yōu)良的數(shù)據(jù)集成特性。適于運行任何Internet應(yīng)用包括J2EE和基于模型的應(yīng)用。Oracle9iAS提供了由Apache所支持的Oracle9iAS高速緩存等新特性，可大幅提高網(wǎng)站

2、性能和規(guī)?？烧{(diào)性。無需增加更多的昂貴硬件就可以以更豐富的動態(tài)頁面內(nèi)容支持更多的用戶。Oracle9iAS以Web界面為先，將瀏覽器作為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)訪問界面，同時還有很多可用的現(xiàn)成Portlet(網(wǎng)頁模塊)存儲在Oracle9i數(shù)據(jù)庫中，這樣用戶只需要通過裝配組合就可以快速構(gòu)造出企業(yè)電子商務(wù)門戶。Oracle9iAS還支持基于角色的個性化處理，能夠構(gòu)建一次登錄門戶。Oracle9iASWireless支持任何訪問設(shè)備，并能夠根據(jù)訪問設(shè)備的不同進(jìn)行個性化處理。List of iAS DocumentsList of Books for New Users /docs/cd/A97329_02/90200d

3、oc_otn/mix.902/q20102/new.htm List of Books for Administrators /docs/cd/A97329_02/90200doc_otn/mix.902/q20102/admin.htmList of Books for Application Developers/docs/cd/A97329_02/90200doc_otn/mix.902/q20102/appdev.htmOracle9i Application Server Solutions Oracle9i Application Server Components(1）Solut

4、ion Oracle9iAS ComponentsJ2EE and Internet Applications Oracle HTTP Server ,OracleiAS Containers for J2EE, OracleiAS Web Services, Oracle PL/SQL,Oracle9iAS Forms Services, Oracle XML Developer Kit,Oracle9i Clien Portals Oracle9iAS Portal, Oracle9iAS Portal Developer Kit Wireless Oracle9iAS Wireless

5、Caching Oracle9iAS Web Cache Oracle9i Application Server Components(2)Solution Oracle9iAS ComponentsBusiness IntelligenceOracle9iAS Reports Services ,Oracle9iAS Discoverer, Oracle9iAS Personalization, Oracle9iAS Clickstream IntelligenceE-Business Integration Oracle9iAS InterConnect ，Oracle9iAS Unifi

6、ed essaging，Oracle Internet File SystemManagement and Security Oracle Enterprise Manager， Oracle9iAS SingleSign-On，Oracle Internet Directory，Oracle9iAS Infrastructure J2EE and Internet ApplicationsOracle9iAS 完全基于J2EE架構(gòu)支持最新的工業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和編程語言，包括 J2EE API、 XML, and Web services 最全面和最靈活的架構(gòu)，用戶可使用熟悉的編程語言和技術(shù)就可以設(shè)計、

7、開發(fā)和分發(fā)動態(tài)Web站點、門戶和事務(wù)應(yīng)用程序，提供全面的Web servicesSupported Technologies and Programming Languages Java and J2EEXMLPL/SQL JSP ：JavaServer Pages Servlets EJB：Enterprise JavaBeans JDBC ：Java Database Connectivity JTA ：Java Transaction API JNDI ：Java Naming and Directory Interface JMS ：Java Message Service JAAS

8、：Java Authentication and Authorization Service Web Services DOM ：Document Object Model XSLT ：Extensible Stylesheet Language Transformations XML Schemas SAX ：Simple API for XML XSQL IDAP ：Internet Data Access Presentation XPath ：XML Path Language SOAP ：Simple Object Access Protocol WSDL ：Web Services

9、 Description Language UDDI ：Universal Description, Discovery, and Integration PL/SQL Server Pages PL/SQL Web Toolkit Oracle Forms Oracle9iAS Containers for J2EE ArchitectureOracle9iAS 容器 OC4JOC4J： Oracle9iAS Container for J2EEOC4J是一個快速的、輕量級的、可伸縮的符合J2EE標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的J2EE容器，運行在標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的Java虛擬機上，包括兩個容器：OC4J Web Contsin

10、er Servlet Container JSP TranslatorOC4J EJB ContainerServlet Container工作原理 當(dāng)一個請求被映射到一個Servlet時，Servlet Container執(zhí)行如下步驟：如果Servlet不存在，則加載 Servlet類實例化 Servlet類的一個實例初始化 Servlet實例Container 請求 Servlet，傳遞請求和響應(yīng)對象，請求對象（request objects）包括客戶端信息、請求參數(shù)和HTTP頭，響應(yīng)對象(response objects )返回Servlet的輸出到客戶端。Servlet從客戶端提取信息

11、、訪問外部資源，然后組裝基于那些信息的響應(yīng)。JSP Translator工作原理JSP Translator包括翻譯器和編譯器。翻譯器把JSP翻譯成Java源代碼文件，編譯器把源文件編譯成Java字節(jié)代碼（.class）文件,使用Java的運行時庫在Servlet Container中執(zhí)行一個Servlet。運行時庫包括解釋JSP文件中的標(biāo)簽（Tag）和宏的支持文件 ，Servlet Container還提供對Java API和其他服務(wù)的訪問。當(dāng)用戶從JSP文件（例如http:/host/Hello.jsp）請求一個URL時,其工作步驟如下：Web Server 請求JSP Translato

12、r ，它翻譯Hello.jsp 為Hello.java文件。請求Java編譯器建立 Hello.class。請求Java運行時庫，運行Hello.class如果Hello.class有數(shù)據(jù)庫的請求信息，則Servlet Container提供JDBC訪問，是它檢索到信息并將結(jié)果返回到客戶端瀏覽器。 OC4J EJB Container工作原理EJB Container如何工作依賴于使用那種類型的bean， Container管理一個J2EE應(yīng)用的bean的執(zhí)行。對于會話beans（session beans）EJB Container提供與Web Container相同的所有的服務(wù)，例如對AP

13、I和虛擬機的訪問、事務(wù)服務(wù)、安全和對EJB方法授權(quán)等。對于實體beans（entity beans），它是以永久存儲機制來表示商務(wù)對象，用戶可以選擇bean管理它自己的永久存儲，即bean-managed persistence (BMP) beans；也可以使用Container管理永久存儲，即container-managed persistence (CMP) beans. 。Oracle9iAS Containers for J2EE Supported APIs APIVersionJavaServer Pages(JSP)1.2Java Servlet 2.3Enterprise

14、Java Beans (EJB) 2.0Java Database Connectivity (JDBC) 2.0Java Transaction API (JTA) 1.0Java Message Service (JMS) 1.0JavaMail 1.2JavaBeans Activation Framework 1.0Java API for XML (JAXP 1.1J2EE Connector API 1.0Java Authentication and Authorization Service (JAAS) 1.0What is JSP?（1）JSP:Java Server Pa

15、geSun 公司1999年6月推出的技術(shù)，該技術(shù)受Sun公司主導(dǎo)，并采用了計算機硬軟件、通信、數(shù)據(jù)庫領(lǐng)域等多家廠商意見共同制定的一種基于Java的Web動態(tài)網(wǎng)頁技術(shù)。JSP是一種基于Web服務(wù)器端的腳本語言，需要支持JSP的引擎或應(yīng)用服務(wù)器。它包裝了Java Servlet系統(tǒng)的界面，簡化了Java Servlet的使用難度。使用JSP標(biāo)簽（Tag）提供網(wǎng)頁動態(tài)執(zhí)行能力。是一種與硬件平臺、操作系統(tǒng)、Web服務(wù)器無關(guān)的技術(shù)。JSP與Servlet的關(guān)系：JSP 文件（.JSP） Servlet源代碼(.java)Java 可執(zhí)行代碼(.class)ServletJSP translator, J

16、SP engine是翻譯、執(zhí)行和處理JSP頁面的實體，并傳遞請求。根據(jù)實現(xiàn)到實現(xiàn)，JSP translator 的體系結(jié)構(gòu)是有變化的，但無論如何變化它是一個或多個Servlet組成。JSP translator是通過servlet container執(zhí)行的。 What is a Servlet?Servlet是基于Web組件的Java技術(shù)，由Servlet Container管理，產(chǎn)生動態(tài)網(wǎng)頁內(nèi)容。Servlet是小Java程序，運行在Web Sercer端，與運行在客戶瀏覽器端的Applet不同。 servlets與系統(tǒng)平臺無關(guān)。Servlets 與 web clients交互是通過 req

17、uest/response 規(guī)范由 servlet container實現(xiàn)的。What is a Servlet Container?Containers, sometimes called servlet engines, are web server extensions that provide servlet functionality.The servlet container is a part of a web server or application server .It provides the network services over which requests an

18、d responses are sent, decodes MIME based requests, and formats MIME based responses. A servlet container also contains and manages servlets through their lifecycle.What is EJB?EJB :Enterprise JavaBeans J2EE其中一個引人注目的技術(shù)是EJB。它提供了一個架構(gòu)來開發(fā)和配置到客戶端的分布式商業(yè)邏輯，因此可以明顯減少開發(fā)擴展性、高度復(fù)雜企業(yè)應(yīng)用的難度。EJB規(guī)范定義了EJB組件應(yīng)該如何及何時與它們的容

19、器交互。由容器來負(fù)責(zé)提供普通的服務(wù)，例如目錄服務(wù)、事務(wù)管理、安全、資源池和容錯。The component-based application model for Java defined by JavaSoft. It provides most of the system level services such as multi-threading to ease application programming. EJB relies on various standardized enterprise services, such as JNDI, JTS, JDBC, etc. to

20、facilitate application programming and enable EJB objects to be interoperable across various EJB servers.It fulfills the write once, run anywhere paradigmWhat is EJB container?EJB containerThe component coordinator in an EJB application. The one of key EJB runtime components. EJB applicationA framew

21、ork of deploying CORBA objects written in Java, which adhere to the EJB specification.EJB deployment descriptorDD: Deployment DescriptorsA J2EE application and each of its modules has its own deployment descriptor (DD). A DD is an XML text-based file with an .xml extensionIt describes the deployment

22、 settings for a component. For example, an enterprise bean module DD declares transaction attributes and security authorizations for an enterprise bean. DD information is declarative so it can be changed without modifying the bean source code. At runtime, the J2EE server reads the DD and acts on the

23、 component accordinglyEJB DDA serialized object that provides information, such as transaction and security policies, about how an EJB application or object should be deployed.What Is a J2EE Application?J2EE應(yīng)用程序是由多個J2EE組件組成的，一個J2EE組件是一個自含功能軟件單元， J2EE應(yīng)用程序用這些單元與它相關(guān)的類和用于與其它組件通信的XML描述符文件裝配而成。 J2EE組件是用JA

24、VA程序語言寫的，與用JAVA語言編寫的其它程序有相同的編譯方法。J2EE分布式多層應(yīng)用體系結(jié)構(gòu)Oracle9iAS使用了多層分布式應(yīng)用模型。一個多層分布式應(yīng)用模型按照功能把一個應(yīng)用邏輯分成組件，各種構(gòu)成J2EE應(yīng)用的各種應(yīng)用組件可以安裝在不同的機器上。圖：說明了兩層J2EE應(yīng)用分成了 client, Web, business logic, and enterprise data tiers.J2EE的客戶端類型J2EE applications 支持如下兩種客戶端方式：Application Clients: Applications running on a client machine

25、 that directly access enterprise beans that are running in the business logic tier. Application clients can also open an HTTP connection to establish communication with a servlet running on the Internet tier if a J2EE application requires it. Dynamic HTML and XML Pages: In the context of J2EE applic

26、ations, dynamic HTML and XML pages are generated by servlets or pages created with JavaServer Pages technology running in the Web tier. These pages can be extensions to traditional static HTML pages allowing application developers to offer customized and personalized pages to the J2EE Application 組件

27、類型在J2EE applications使用的組件： Servlets: A servlet is a Java class used to extend the capabilities of servers that host applications accessed through a request-response programming model. JavaServer Pages: JavaServer pages (JSPs) are text files that contain two types of information: static template data

28、, which can be expressed in any text-based format, such as HTML, WML (Wireless Markup Language), or XML, and JSP elements, which construct dynamic content. Enterprise Beans: Enterprise beans are server-side components that encapsulate the business logic of an application. 應(yīng)用服務(wù)器管理員的任務(wù)Task1: Determine

29、 Which Oracle9iAS Solutions You RequireTask2: Design Your Application ServerTask3: Install Your Application ServerTask4: Learn to Use the Administration ToolsTask5: Perform Postinstalltion TasksTask6: Configure Your Application ServerTask7: Deploy ApplicationsTask8: Monitor Your Application ServerTa

30、sk9: Back Up Your Application ServerTask10: Reconfigure Your Application Server DesigniAS 安裝類型 (1)J2EE and Web Cache: Provides a basic Web server that enables you to develop and deploy Java 2 Enterprise Edition (J2EE) applications, use J2EE and Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP) based Web services

31、, accelerate Web site performance, and manage your application server with a Web-based tool.Portal and Wireless: Enables you to deploy enterprise portals and wireless applications. Includes all components available in the J2EE and Web Cache install type.Business Intelligence and Forms: Enables you t

32、o analyze clickstream data, personalize applications, perform data analysis, generate Web-based reports, create Discoverer public connections, configure Discoverer viewer and Discoverer Portlet Provider, and use Forms-based applications. Includes all components available in the Portal and Wireless i

33、nstall type.Unified Messaging: Enables you to integrate different types of messages into a single framework. Includes all of the components available in the Business Intelligence and Forms install type.iAS 安裝類型(2)Table : Oracle9iAS Install TypesiASAdministration Tools Oracle Enterprise Manager Web Site Oracle Enterprise Manager Console Using the Console with the Oracle Enterprise Manager Web SiteOracle Enterprise Manager Web siteThe Oracle Enterprise Manager Web s