全新版大學(xué)英語綜合教程3課文原文和翻譯

1、wordunit 1 Mr. Doherty Builds His Dream LifeIn America many people have a romantic idea of life in the countryside. Many living in towns dream of starting up their ownfarm, of living off the land. Fewget round to putting their dreams into practice. This is perhaps just as well, as the life of a farm

2、er is far from easy, as Jim Doherty discovered when he set out to bine being a writer with running a farm. Nevertheless, as he explains, he has no regrets and remains enthusiastic about his decision to change his way of life.在美國，不少人對鄉(xiāng)村生活懷有浪漫的情感。許多居住在城鎮(zhèn)的人夢想著自己辦個(gè)農(nóng)場，夢想著靠土地為生。很少有人真去把夢想 變?yōu)楝F(xiàn)實(shí)。或許這也沒有什么不好，因

3、為，正如吉姆多爾蒂當(dāng)初開 始其寫作和農(nóng)場經(jīng)營雙重生涯時(shí)所體驗(yàn)到的那樣，農(nóng)耕生活遠(yuǎn)非輕松自在。但他寫道，自己并不后悔，對自己作出的改變生活方式的決定 仍熱情不減。Mr. Doherty Builds His Dream LifeJim Doherty1 / 80wordThere are two things I have always wanted to do - write and live on a farm. Today Im doing both. I am not in E. B.Whites class as a writer or in myneighbors league as

4、 a farmer, but Im getting by. And after years of frustration with city and suburban living, my wife Sandy and I have finally found contentment here in the country.多爾蒂先生創(chuàng)建自己的理想生活吉姆多爾蒂有兩件事是我一直想做的一一寫作與務(wù)農(nóng)。如今我同時(shí)做著這兩件事。作為作家，我和 E- B 懷特不屬同一等級，作為農(nóng)場主， 我和鄉(xiāng)鄰也不是同一類人，不過我應(yīng)付得還行。在城市以與郊區(qū)歷經(jīng) 多年的悵惘失望之后，我和妻子桑迪終于在這里的鄉(xiāng)村尋覓到

5、心靈的 滿足。Its a self-reliant sort of life. We grow nearly all ofour fruits and vegetables. Our hens keep us in eggs, with several dozen left over to sell each week. Our bees provide us with honey, and we cut enough wood to just about makeit through the heating season.這是一種自力更生的生活。我們食用的果蔬幾乎都是自己種 的。自家飼養(yǎng)的雞

6、提供雞蛋，每星期還能剩余幾十個(gè)出售。自家養(yǎng)殖2 / 80word的蜜蜂提供蜂蜜，我們還自己動(dòng)手砍柴，足可供過冬取暖之用。Its a satisfying life too. In the summer we canoe on the river, go piicking in the woods and take long bicycle rides.In the winter we ski and skate. We get excited about sunsets.We love the smell of the earth warming and the sound of cattle

7、 lowing. Wewatch for hawksin the sky and deer in the cornfields.這也是一種令人滿足的生活。夏日里我們在河上蕩舟，在林子 里野餐，騎著自行車長時(shí)間漫游。冬日里我們滑雪溜冰。我們?yōu)槁淙?的余輝而激動(dòng)。我們愛聞回暖的氣息，愛聽牛群咋叫。我們守著看鷹 兒飛過上空，看玉米田間鹿群嬉躍。But the good life can get pretty tough. Three months ago when it was 30 below, we spent two miserable days hauling firewood up the

8、 river on a sled. Three months from now, it will be 95 above and we will be cultivating corn, weeding strawberries and killing chickens. Recently, Sandy and I hadto retile the back roof. Soon Jim, 16 and Emily, 13, the youngest of our four children, will help me make some long-overdue improvements o

9、n the outdoor toilet that supplements our indoor plumbing when we are working outside. Later this month, well spray the orchard, paint the barn, plant the garden and clean3 / 80wordthe hen house before the new chicks arrive.但如此美妙的生活有時(shí)會變得相當(dāng)艱辛。就在三個(gè)月前，氣溫降到華氏零下30度，我們辛苦勞作了整整兩天，用一個(gè)雪橇沿著河 邊拖運(yùn)木柴。再過三個(gè)月，氣溫會升到9

10、5度，我們就要給玉米松土， 在草莓地除草，還要宰殺家禽。前一陣子我和桑迪不得不翻修后屋頂。 過些時(shí)候，四個(gè)孩子中的兩個(gè)小的，16歲的吉米和13歲的埃米莉， 會幫著我一起把拖了很久沒修的室外廁所修葺一下，那是專為室外干 活修建的。這個(gè)月晚些時(shí)候，我們要給果樹噴灑藥水，要油漆谷倉， 要給菜園播種，要趕在新的小雞運(yùn)到之前清掃雞舍。In between such chores, I manage to spend 50 to 60 hours a week at the typewriter or doing reporting for the freelance articles I sell to

11、 magazines and newspapers. Sandy, meanwhile, pursues her owndemanding schedule. Besides the usual household routine, she oversees the garden and beehives, bakes bread, cans and freezes, drives the kids to their music lessons, practices with them, takes organ lessons on her own, does research and typ

12、ing for me, writes an article herself now and then, tends the flower beds, stacks a little wood and delivers the eggs. There is, as the old saying goes, no rest for the wicked on a place like this - and not much for the virtuouseither.在這些活計(jì)之間，我每周要抽空花五、六十個(gè)小時(shí)，4 / 80word不是打字撰文，就是為作為自由撰稿人投給報(bào)刊的文章進(jìn)展采訪。桑迪如

13、此有她自己繁忙的工作日程。除了日常的家務(wù)，她還照管菜園和蜂房，烘烤面包，將食品裝罐、冷藏，開車送孩子學(xué)音樂，和他們一 起練習(xí)，自己還要上風(fēng)琴課，為我做些研究工作并打字，自己有時(shí)也 寫寫文章，還要侍弄花圃，堆摞木柴、運(yùn)送雞蛋。正如老話說的那樣， 在這種情形之下，壞人不得閑一一賢德之人也歇不了。None of us will ever forget our first winter. We wereburied under five feet of snow from December through March.While one storm after another blasted huge

14、 drifts up against the house and barn, we kept warm inside burning our own wood, eating our own apples and loving every minute of it.我們誰也不會忘記第一年的冬天。從 12月一直到3月底，我 們都被深達(dá)5英尺的積雪困著。暴風(fēng)雪肆虐，一場接著一場，積雪厚 厚地覆蓋著屋子和谷倉，而室，我們用自己砍伐的木柴燒火取暖，吃 著自家種植的蘋果，溫馨快樂每一分鐘。When spring came, it brought two floods. First the river o

15、verflowed, covering much of our land for weeks. Then the growing season began, swamping us under wave after wave of produce. Our freezer filled up with cherries, raspberries,strawberries, asparagus, peas, beans and corn. Then our5 / 80wordcanned-goods shelves and cupboards began to grow with preserv

16、es, tomato juice, grape juice, plums, jams and jellies. Eventually, the basement floor disappeared under piles of potatoes, squash and pumpkins, and the barn began to fill with apples and pears. It was amazing.開春后，有過兩次泛濫。一次是河水外溢，我們不少田地被淹 了幾個(gè)星期。接著一次是生長季節(jié)到了， 一波又一波的農(nóng)產(chǎn)品潮涌而 來，弄得我們應(yīng)接不暇。我們的冰箱里塞滿了櫻桃、藍(lán)莓、草莓、蘆

17、 筍、豌豆、青豆和玉米。接著我們存放食品罐的架子上、柜櫥里也開 始堆滿一罐罐的腌漬食品，有番茄汁、葡萄汁、子、果醬和果凍。最 后，地窖里遍地是大堆大堆的土豆、西葫蘆、南瓜，谷倉里也儲滿了 蘋果和梨。真是太美妙了。The next year we grew even more food and managed to get through the winter on firewood that was mostly from our own trees and only 100 gallons of heating oil. At that point I began thinking seri

18、ously about quitting my job and starting to freelance. The timing was terrible. By then, Shawnand Amy, our oldest girls were attending expensive Ivy League schools and we had only a few thousand dollars in the bank. Yet we kept ing back to the same question: Will there ever be a better time?The answ

19、er, decidedly, was no, and so - with my employers6 / 80wordblessings and half a years pay in accumulated benefits in my pocket - off I went.第二年我們種了更多的作物，差不多就靠著從自家樹林砍斫的 木柴以與僅僅100加侖的燃油過了冬。其時(shí)，我開始認(rèn)真考慮起辭了 職去從事自由撰稿的事來。時(shí)機(jī)選得實(shí)在太差。當(dāng)時(shí)，兩個(gè)大的女兒 肖恩和埃米正在費(fèi)用很高的常春藤學(xué)校上學(xué)，而我們只有幾千美金的銀行存款。但我們一再回到一個(gè)老問題上來：真的會有更好的時(shí)機(jī) 嗎？答案無疑是否認(rèn)

20、的。于是，帶著老板的祝福，口袋里揣著作為累 積津貼的半年薪水，我走了。There have been a few anxious moments since then, but on balance things have gone much better than we had any right to expect. For various stories of mine, Ive crawled into black-bear dens for Sports Illustrated, hitched up dogsled racing teams for Smithsonian maga

21、zine, checked out the Lake Champlain monster for Science Digest, and canoed through the Boundary Waters wilderness area of Minnesota for Destinations.那以后有過一些焦慮的時(shí)刻，但總的來說，情況比我們料想的 要好得多。為了寫那些容各不一樣的文章，我為體育畫報(bào)爬進(jìn)過 黑熊窩；為史密森期刊替參賽的一組組狗套上過雪橇；為科學(xué) 文摘調(diào)查過尚普蘭湖水怪的真相；為終點(diǎn)雜志在明尼達(dá)劃著小 舟穿越美、加邊界水域的公共荒野保護(hù)區(qū)。7 / 80wordIm not m

22、aking anywhere near as much money as I did when I was employed full time, but now we dont need as mucheither.I generate enough ine to handle our $600-a-month mortgage payments plus the usual expenses for a family like ours. That includes everything from music lessons and dental bills to car repairs

23、and college costs. When it es to insurance, we have a poor mans major-medical policy. Wehave to pay the first $500 of any medical fees for each member of the family. It picks up 80%of the costs beyond that. Although we are stuck with paying minor expenses, our premium is low - only $560 a year - and

24、 we are covered against catastrophe. Aside from that and the policy on our two cars at $400 a year, we have no other insurance. But we are setting aside $2,000 a year in an IRA.我掙的錢遠(yuǎn)比不上擔(dān)任全職工作時(shí)的收入，可如今我們需要的錢也沒有過去多。我掙的錢足以應(yīng)付每月600美金的房屋貸款按揭以 與一家人的日常開銷。那些開銷包括了所有支出，如音樂課學(xué)費(fèi)、牙 醫(yī)賬單、汽車維修以與大學(xué)費(fèi)用等等。至于保險(xiǎn)，我們買了一份低收 入者

25、的主要醫(yī)療項(xiàng)目保險(xiǎn)。我們需要為每一位家庭成員的任何一項(xiàng)醫(yī) 療費(fèi)用支付最初的500美金。醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)如此支付超出局部的80%。雖然我們?nèi)砸Ц缎【植酷t(yī)療費(fèi)用，但我們的保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)也低-每年只要 560美金-而我們給自己生大病保了險(xiǎn)。除了這一保險(xiǎn)項(xiàng)目，以與兩8 / 80word輛汽車每年400美金的保險(xiǎn)，我們就沒有其他保險(xiǎn)了。不過我們每年 留出2000美元入個(gè)人退休金賬戶。Weve been able to make up the difference in ine bycutting back without appreciably lowering our standard of living. We

26、continue to dine out once or twice a month, but now wepatronize local restaurants instead of more expensive places in the city. Westill attend the opera and ballet in Milwaukee but only a few times a year. We eat less meat, drink cheaperwine and see fewer movies. Extravagant Christmases are a memory

27、, and we bine vacations with story assignments.我們通過節(jié)約開支而又不明顯降低生活水準(zhǔn)的方式來彌補(bǔ)收 入差額。我們每個(gè)月仍出去吃一兩次飯，不過現(xiàn)在我們光顧的是當(dāng)?shù)?餐館，而不是城里的高級飯店。我們?nèi)匀ッ軤栁只牳鑴】窗爬傺莩觯?不過一年才幾次。我們?nèi)獬缘蒙倭耍坪鹊昧畠r(jià)了，電影看得少了。 鋪的圣誕節(jié)成為一種回憶，我們把完成稿約作為度假的一局部 12 I suspect not everyone who loves the country would be happy living the way we do. It takes a couple o

28、f special qualities. One is a tolerance for solitude. Because we are so busy and on such a tight budget, we dont entertain much. During the growing season there is no time for socializing anyway. Jim and Emily are involved in school activities, but they too spend9 / 80wordmost of their time at home.

29、我想，不是所有熱愛鄉(xiāng)村的人都會樂意過我們這種生活的。這種生活需要一些特殊的素質(zhì)。其一是耐得住寂寞。由于我們?nèi)绱嗣β担?手頭又緊，我們很少請客。在作物生長季節(jié)，根本就沒工夫參加社交 活動(dòng)。吉米和埃米莉雖然參加學(xué)校的各種活動(dòng)，但他倆大多數(shù)時(shí)間也呆在家里。The other requirement is energy - a lot of it. The wayto makeself-sufficiency work on a small scale is to resist the temptation to buy a tractor and other expensive laborsavin

30、gdevices. Instead, you do the work yourself. The only machinery we own (not counting the lawn mower) is a little three-horsepower rotary cultivator and a 16-inch chain saw.另一項(xiàng)要體力一一相當(dāng)大的體力。小圍里實(shí)現(xiàn)自給自足的途徑 是抵制誘惑，不去購置拖拉機(jī)和其他昂貴的節(jié)省勞力的機(jī)械。相反， 你要自己動(dòng)手。我們僅有的機(jī)器不包括割草機(jī)是一臺 3馬力的小 型旋轉(zhuǎn)式耕耘機(jī)以與一架16英寸的鏈鋸。How muchlonger well

31、have enough energy to stay on here is anybodys guess - perhaps for quite a while, perhaps not.Whenthe time es, well leave with a feeling of sorrow but also with a sense of pride at what weve been able to acplish. We should make a fair profit on the sale of the place, too. Weve10 / 80wordinvested abo

32、ut $35,000 of our ownmoneyin it, and we could just about double that if we sold today. But this is not a good time to sell. Onceeconomic conditions improve, however, demandfor farms like ours should be strong again.沒人知道我們還能有精力在這里再呆多久-也許呆很長一陣 子，也許不是。到走的時(shí)候，我們會愴然離去，但也會為自己所做的 一切深感自豪。我們把農(nóng)場出售也會賺相當(dāng)大一筆錢。我們自

33、己在農(nóng)場投入了約35, 000美金的資金，要是現(xiàn)在售出的話價(jià)格差不多可以 翻一倍。不過現(xiàn)在不是出售的好時(shí)機(jī)。但是一旦經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢好轉(zhuǎn)，對我 們這種農(nóng)場的需求又會增多。We didnt move here primarily to earn money though. We camebecause we wanted to improve the quality of our lives. When I watch Emily collecting eggs in the evening, fishing with Jim on the river or enjoying an old-fashio

34、ned piic in the orchard with the entire family, I know weve found just what we were looking for.但我們主要不是為了賺錢而移居至此的。我們來此居住是因?yàn)橄胩岣呱钯|(zhì)量。當(dāng)我看著埃米莉傍晚去收雞蛋，跟吉米一起在河上 釣魚，或和全家人一起在果園里享用老式的野餐，我知道，我們找到 了自己一直在尋求的生活方式。Donna Barron describes how American family life has11 / 80wordchanged in recent years. She identifies

35、 three forces at work.What are they? Read on to find out. Then ask yourself whethersimilar forces are at work within China. W川 family life here end up going in the same direction?唐娜巴倫描述了美國家庭生活近幾年來的變化。她指出有三種力量在起作用。是哪三種力量？請讀本文。讀后問一下自己，同樣 的力量在中國是否也在起作用。中國的家庭生活最終是否會朝著同一 個(gè)方向變化？The Freedom GiversFergus M.

36、 Bordewich1 A gentle breeze swept the Canadian plains as I stepped outside the small two-story house. Alongside me was a slender woman in a black dress, my guide back to a time when the surrounding settlement in Dresden, Ontario, was hometo a hero in American history. As we walked toward a plain gra

37、y church, Barbara Carter spoke proudly of her great-great-grandfather, Josiah Henson. He was confident that the Creator intended all men to be created equal. And he never gave up struggling for that freedom.12 / 80word給人以自由者弗格斯 M 博得威奇我步出這幢兩層小屋，加拿大平原上輕風(fēng)微拂。我身邊是一位 苗條的黑衣女子，把我?guī)Щ氐竭^去的向?qū)?。那時(shí)，安大概省得雷斯頓 這一帶住著美國

38、歷史上的一位英雄。我們前往一座普普通通的灰色教 堂，芭芭拉卡特自豪地談?wù)撝涓咦鎲藤悂喓嗌！八麍?jiān)信上帝要所有人生來平等。他從來沒有停止過爭取這一自由權(quán)利的奮斗。2 Carters devotion to her ancestor is about more than personal pride: it is about family honor. For Josiah Henson has lived on through the character in American fiction that he helped inspire: Uncle Tom, the long-suffer

39、ingslave in HarrietBeecher Stowes Uncle Toms Cabin. Ironically, that character has e to symbolize everything Henson was not. A racial sellout unwilling to stand up for himself? Carter gets angry at the thought. Josiah Henson was a man of principle, she said firmly.卡特對其先輩的忠誠不僅僅關(guān)乎一己之驕傲，而關(guān)乎家族榮 譽(yù)。因?yàn)閱藤悂喓?/p>

40、森至今仍為人所知是由于他所激發(fā)的創(chuàng)作靈感使 得一個(gè)美國小說人物問世：湯姆叔叔，哈麗特比徹斯陀的小說湯 姆叔叔的小屋中那個(gè)逆來順受的黑奴。具有諷刺意味的是，這一人 物所象征的一切在亨森身上一點(diǎn)都找不到。一個(gè)不愿奮起力爭、背叛13 / 80word種族的黑人？卡特對此頗為憤慨。“喬賽亞亨森是個(gè)有原如此的人，她肯定地說。3 I had traveled here to Hensons last home- nowa historic site that Carter formerly directed - to learn more about a man whowas, in manyways,

41、an African-American Moses. After winning his own freedom from slavery, Henson secretly helped hundreds of other slaves to escape north to Canada - and liberty. Many settled here in Dresden with him.我遠(yuǎn)道前來亨森最后的居所一一如今已成為卡特曾管理過的 一處歷史遺跡一一是為了更多地了解此人，他在許多方面堪稱黑人摩西。亨森自己擺脫了黑奴身份獲得自由之后，便秘密幫助其他許多黑奴逃奔北方去加拿大一一逃奔自由

42、之地。許多人和他一起在得雷斯頓 這一帶定居了下來。4 Yet this stop was only part of a much larger mission for me. Josiah Henson is but one name on a long list of courageous men and women who together forged the Underground Railroad, a secret web of escape routes and safe houses that they used to liberate slaves from the Amer

43、ican South. Between 1820 and 1860, as many as 100,000 slaves traveled the Railroad to freedom.但此地只是我所承當(dāng)?shù)姆敝厥姑囊惶幫Ａ舻亍藤悂喓嗌?4 / 80word只是一長串無所畏懼的男女中的一個(gè)名字，這些人共同創(chuàng)建了這條 “地下鐵路，一條由逃亡線路和可靠的人家組成的用以解放美國南 方黑奴的秘密網(wǎng)絡(luò)。在1820年至1860年期間，多達(dá)十萬名黑奴經(jīng)由 此路走向自由。5 In October 2000, President Clinton authorized $16 million for the

44、National Underground Railroad Freedom Center to honor this first great civil-rights struggle in the U. S. The center is scheduled to open in 2004 in Cincinnati. And its about time. For the heroes of the Underground Railroad remain too little remembered, their exploits still largely unsung. I was int

45、ent on telling their stories. 2000年 10 月，克林頓總統(tǒng)批準(zhǔn)撥款1600萬美元建造全國“地下鐵路自由中心，以此紀(jì)念美國歷 史上第一次偉大的斗爭。中心計(jì)劃于2004年在辛辛那提州建成。真是該建立這樣一個(gè)中心的時(shí)候了。因?yàn)榈叵妈F路的英雄們依然默默無 聞，他們的業(yè)績依然少人頌揚(yáng)。我要講述他們的故事。6 John Parker tensed when he heard the soft knock. Peering out his door into the night, he recognized the face of a trusted neighbor. T

46、heres a party of escaped slaves hiding in the woods in Kentucky, twenty miles from the river, the man whispered urgently. Parker didnt hesitate. Ill go, he said, pushing15 / 80worda pair of pistols into his pockets.聽到輕輕的敲門聲，約翰帕克神情緊起來。他開門窺望，夜 色中認(rèn)出是一位可靠的鄰居?！坝幸蝗禾油雠`躲在肯塔基州的樹林 里，就在離河20英里的地方，那人用急迫的口氣低語道。帕

47、克沒 一點(diǎn)兒遲疑?！拔揖腿ィf著，把兩支手槍揣進(jìn)口袋。7 Born a slave two decades before, in the 1820s, Parker had been taken from his mother at age eight and forced to walk in chains from Virginia to Alabama, where he was sold on the slave market. Determined to live free someday, he managed to gettrained in iron molding. Eve

48、ntually he saved enough money working at this trade on the side to buy his freedom. Now, by day, Parker worked in an iron foundry in the Ohio port of Ripley. By night he was a conductor on the Underground Railroad, helping people slip by the slave hunters. In Kentucky, where he was now headed, there

49、 was a $1000 reward for his capture, dead or alive.20 年前，即19世紀(jì)20年代，生來即為黑奴的帕克才 8歲就 被從母親身邊帶走，被迫拖著鐐銬從弗吉尼亞走到阿拉巴馬， 在那里 的黑奴市場被買走。他打定主意有朝一日要過自由的生活， 便設(shè)法學(xué) 會了鑄鐵這門手藝。后來他終于靠這門手藝攢夠錢贖回了自由。 現(xiàn)在, 帕克白天在俄亥俄州里普利港的一家鑄鐵廠干活。 到了晚上，他就成16 / 80word了地下鐵路的一位“乘務(wù)員，幫助人們避開追捕逃亡黑奴的人。在 他正前往的肯塔基州，當(dāng)局懸賞1000美元抓他，活人死尸都要。Crossing the Ohio R

50、iver on that chilly night, Parker found ten fugitives frozen with fear. Get your bundles and follow me, he told them, leading the eight men and two women toward the river. They had almost reached shore whena watchmanspotted them and raced off to spread the news.在那個(gè)陰冷的夜晚，帕克渡過俄亥俄河，找到了十個(gè)喪魂落魄 的逃亡者?！澳煤冒?/p>

51、跟我走，他一邊吩咐他們，一邊帶著這八男 二女朝河邊走去。就要到岸時(shí)，一個(gè)巡夜人發(fā)現(xiàn)了他們，急忙跑開去 報(bào)告。Parker saw a small boat and, with a shout, pushed theescaping slaves into it. There was room for all but two. As the boat slid across the river, Parker watched helplessly as the pursuers closed in around the menhe was forced to leave behind.帕克看見一

52、條小船，便大喝一聲，把那些逃亡黑奴推上了船。大家都上了船，但有兩個(gè)人容不下。小船徐徐駛向?qū)Π叮量搜郾牨?地看著追捕者把他被迫留下的兩個(gè)男人圍住。The others made it to the Ohio shore, where Parker17 / 80wordhurriedly arranged for a wagon to take them to the next station on the Underground Railroad - the first leg of their journey to safety in Canada. Over the course of h

53、is life, John Parker guided more than 400 slaves to safety.其他的人都上了岸，帕克急忙安排了一輛車把他們帶到地下鐵 路的下一 “站一一他們走向安全的加拿大之旅的第一程。約翰帕 克在有生之年一共帶領(lǐng)400多名黑奴走向安全之地。While black conductors were often motivated by their own painful experiences, whites were monly driven by religious convictions. Levi Coffin, a Quaker raised i

54、n North Carolina, explained, The Bible, in bidding us to feed the hungry and clothe the naked, said nothing about color.黑人去當(dāng)乘務(wù)員常常是由于本人痛苦的經(jīng)歷，而那些白人如此往往是受了信仰的感召。在北卡羅來納州長大的貴格會教徒利瓦 伊科芬解釋說：“圣經(jīng)上只是要我們給饑者以食物，無衣者以衣 衫，但沒提到過膚色的事。In the 1820s Coffin moved west to Newport (now FountainCity), Indiana, where he ope

55、ned a store. Word spread that fleeing slaves could always find refuge at the Coffin home. At times he sheltered as manyas 17 fugitives at once, and he kept18 / 80worda team and wagon ready to convey them on the next leg of their journey. Eventually three principal routes converged at the Coffin hous

56、e, which came to be the Grand Central Terminal of the Underground Railroad.在19世紀(jì)20年代，科芬向西遷移前往印第安納州的新港即今天的噴泉市，在那里開了一家小店。人們傳說，逃亡黑奴在科芬 家總是能得到庇護(hù)。有時(shí)他一次庇護(hù)的逃亡者就多達(dá)17人，他還備有一組人員和車輛把他們送往下一段行程。到后來有三條主要路線在 科芬家集合，科芬家成了地下鐵路的中央車站。For his efforts, Coffin received frequent death threats and warnings that his store an

57、d home would be burned. Nearly every conductor faced similar risks - or worse. In the North, a magistrate might have imposed a fine or a brief jail sentence for aiding those escaping. In the Southern states, whites were sentenced to months or even years in jail. One courageous Methodist minister, Ca

58、lvin Fairbank, was imprisoned for more than 17 years in Kentucky, where he kept a log of his beatings: 35,105 stripes with the whip.科芬經(jīng)常由于他做的工作受到被殺的威脅，收到焚毀他店鋪和住宅的警告。幾乎每一個(gè)乘務(wù)員都面臨類似的危險(xiǎn)一一或者更為嚴(yán) 重。在北方，治安官會對幫助逃亡的人課以罰金，或判以短期監(jiān)禁。19 / 80word在南方各州，白人如此被判處幾個(gè)月甚至幾年的監(jiān)禁。 一位勇敢的循 道宗牧師卡爾文費(fèi)爾班克在肯塔基州被關(guān)押了 17年多，他記錄了 自己遭受毒打的

59、情況：總共被鞭笞了 35,105下。As for the slaves, escape meant a journey of hundreds of miles through unknowncountry, where they were usually easy to recognize. With no road signs and few maps, they had to put their trust in directions passed by word of mouth and in secret signs -nails driven into trees, for exa

60、mple - that conductors used to mark the route north.至于那些黑奴，逃亡意味著數(shù)百英里的長途跋涉，意味著穿越自己極易被人識別的陌生地域。沒有路標(biāo)，也幾乎沒有線路圖，他們 趕路全憑著口 口相告的路線以與秘密記號一一比如樹上釘著的釘 子一一是乘務(wù)員用來標(biāo)示北上路線的記號。Many slaves traveled under cover of night, their faces sometimes caked with white powder. Quakers often dressed their passengers, both male a