2021-2022學(xué)年山西省太原市第五中學(xué)高三下學(xué)期5月模擬考試（一）英語(yǔ)試題

1、2021-2022學(xué)年山西省太原市第五中學(xué)高三下學(xué)期5月模擬考試（一）英語(yǔ)試題第一部分 閱讀理解 （共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分60分）第一節(jié) (共15小題，每小題3分，滿(mǎn)分45分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AVisiting the MetMasters and Masterpieces: Chinese Art from the Florence and Herbert Irving Collection (January 30June 5)An outstanding selection of Chinese art gifted to the Met by Fl

2、orence and Herbert Irving is the focus of this exhibition. Beginning in the early 1970s, the Irvings built one of the most comprehensive collections of Chinese art in the world. The approximately 120 works on display cover almost all major categories of Chinese art.P.S. Art 2021 (January 23June 5)P.

3、S. Art is an annual celebration of achievement in the arts in New York City public schools. This exhibition showcases the creativity of 152 prekindergarten through grade 12 students from all five boroughs.Baseball Cards from the Collection of Jefferson R. Burdick (June 3November 22)The Burdick colle

4、ction of baseball cards tells the history of popular printmaking in the United States, In 1947, Jefferson R. Burdick began to give away his baseball cards to the Met. This exhibition features over one hundred cards produced between the 1880s and the 1950s.Relative Values: The Cost of Art in the Nort

5、hern Renaissance (January 23August 7)Bringing together sixty-two masterpieces of sixteenth-century northern European art from the Met collection and one important loan, this exhibition centers around questions of historical worth, exploring relative value systems in the Renaissance era.OpenSundayTue

6、sday and Thursday: 10:0017:00Friday and Saturday: 10:0021:00Closed WednesdayClosed Thanksgiving Day, December 25, January 1, and the first Monday in May.Tickets$25 for adults; $17 for seniors; $12 for students; free for children under 12.1. What do “Masters and Masterpieces” and “Baseball Cards” hav

7、e in common?A. They end in the same month.B. They focus on the same theme.C. They get their exhibits for free.D. They have the same number of exhibits.2. Which exhibition suits those who favor students works?A. Masters and Masterpieces.B. P.S. Art 2021.C. Baseball Cards.D. Relative Values.3. When ca

8、n you attend an exhibition in the Met?A. 10:0017:00 Saturday.B. 18:0021:00 Thursday.C. 18:0021:00 Tuesday.D. 10:0017:00 Wednesday.【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了美國(guó)大都會(huì)博物館的四個(gè)藝術(shù)展?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Masters and Masterpieces部分的“An outstanding selection of Chinese art gifted to the Met by Florence and H

9、erbert Irving(Florence和Herbert Irving贈(zèng)予大都會(huì)博物館的杰出中國(guó)藝術(shù)品)”及Baseball Cards部分的“Jefferson R. Burdick began to give away his baseball cards to the Met(Jefferson R. Burdick開(kāi)始把他的棒球卡送給大都會(huì)博物館)”可知，這兩個(gè)藝術(shù)展的展品都是由私人捐贈(zèng)的。故選C。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)P.S. Art 2021部分的“This exhibition showcases the creativity of 152 prekindergarte

10、n through grade 12 students(這次展覽展示了152名學(xué)前班到12年級(jí)的學(xué)生的創(chuàng)造力)”可知，本次展覽展示了152名學(xué)齡前兒童至12年級(jí)學(xué)生的創(chuàng)造力，故適合那些喜歡學(xué)生作品的人參觀。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Open部分的“Friday and Saturday: 10:0021:00(周五、周六：10:0021:00)”可知，周六的開(kāi)放時(shí)間是10:0021:00，故選A。BWhen plumbing (水暖設(shè)備) makes funny noises, its not always a good sign. But John Kovac, a harpist

11、 (豎琴演奏者) from Virginia, likes the pipes to sing. He thinks plumbing pipes make good musical instruments.Kovac has made standard harps out of wood for more than 20 years. He says he feels excited when he creates an instrumentwith his hands and uses it to make music come alive. But it takes years of t

12、raining and special tools to make atraditionalmusical instrument. Kovac wanted to share the joy of making instrumentswith people who might not have the time or money to do it. So he decided to find an easier way.Plumbing was the answer. Kovac found PVC pipes at a local store. PVC pipes are the white

13、 tubing that many plumbers use. You might find some in your house under a sink or in the basement. Kovac says that PVC pipes are great for makinginstruments because they areinexpensive, come in many shapes and sizes, and fit together perfectly. Kovac makes harps, guitars, violins, and drums out of P

14、VC pipes. He also makes uncommon instrumentslike the udu from Nigeria. His instrumentsmay look as if they come from outer space, but they really work. He and some of his music students and friends even started a band called the East Coast PVC Band.Sally Seabright is a violin teacher who plays the PV

15、C violin with the band. At first, the rounded shape of the PVC violin made it difficult to hold between her chin and shoulder, but Kovac made a slight change by adding a piece that fits perfectly under her chin. That kind of adaptabilityis what Kovac admires about PVC. He says, “I know its not easy

16、for the average person to make a musical instrument, but I hope to enable anyone who has ever dreamed of making a violin, harp, or guitar to fulfill his or her dreams.”4. What does the author intend to show in paragraph 2?A. The great hardships of being a harpist.B. The different instrumentsKovac ha

17、s created.C. The process of making a musical instrument.D. The reason Kovac came up with his creative idea.5. Why have PVC pipes won Kovacs favor?A. They are environmentallyfriendly.B. They are highly available and adaptable.C. They can make better sounds than wood.D. They offer a selling point for

18、his instruments.6. What can be learned about the PVC instrumentsfrom paragraph 4?A. They are a bit difficult to hold for players.B. They are very unusual in the way they look.C. They are inspired by outer space elements.D. They are designed to play traditionalmusic.7. Why does the author mention Sal

19、ly Seabright in the last paragraph?A. To explain Kovacs dream.B. To show the strength of PVC.C. To describe his passion for music.D. To introduce the East Coast PVC Band.【答案】4. D 5. B 6. B 7. B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了科瓦奇利用PVC管制作樂(lè)器的原因和它的優(yōu)勢(shì)所在?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Kovac wanted to share the joy of making ins

20、truments with people who might not have the time or money to do it. So he decided to find an easier way.(科瓦奇想與那些可能沒(méi)有時(shí)間或金錢(qián)來(lái)制作樂(lè)器的人分享制作樂(lè)器的樂(lè)趣。所以他決定找一個(gè)更簡(jiǎn)單的方法。)”可推斷，作者在第二段主要介紹科瓦奇產(chǎn)生創(chuàng)意的原因。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Kovac says that PVC pipes are great for making instruments because they are inexpensive, come in m

21、any shapes and sizes, and fit together perfectly.(科瓦奇說(shuō)，PVC管是制造樂(lè)器的好材料，因?yàn)樗鼈儽阋?，形狀和尺寸多種多樣，而且完美地結(jié)合在一起。)”可知，PVC管贏得了科瓦奇的青睞是因?yàn)樗鼈兊目捎眯院瓦m應(yīng)性很強(qiáng)。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“He also makes uncommon instruments like the udu from Nigeria. His instruments may look as if they come from outer space, but they really work.(他還制作

22、一些罕見(jiàn)的樂(lè)器，比如來(lái)自尼日利亞的udu。他的器械看起來(lái)像是來(lái)自外太空，但它們確實(shí)有效。)”可知，PVC器械的樣子看起來(lái)很不尋常。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“At first, the rounded shape of the PVC violin made it difficult to hold between her chin and shoulder, but Kovac made a slight change by adding a piece that fits perfectly under her chin. That kind of adaptabilit

23、y is what Kovac admires about PVC.(起初，PVC小提琴的圓形形狀讓她很難把它放在下巴和肩膀之間，但科瓦奇做了一個(gè)細(xì)微的改變，在她的下巴下添加了一個(gè)完美的部件。這種適應(yīng)性正是科瓦克欣賞PVC的地方。)”可推斷，作者在最后一段提到Sally Seabright，是為了展示PVC的具有很強(qiáng)適應(yīng)性的優(yōu)勢(shì)。故選B。CA homeowner in Massachusetts had a surprise visitor that came down the chimney (煙囪). and it wasnt Santa. A barred owl (橫斑林鸮) was

24、sitting in the fireplace in a home in the city of Bolton, staring at the homeowner. Not sure how to deal with the bird, the homeowner called Mass Wildlife.“This individual was very calm and we simply reached in, gently grabbed it, and placed it in the animal carrier,” Mass Wildlife Central District

25、Manager Todd Olanyk says. Before releasing the owl, Olanyk examined the bird for injuries and found none. “It was released just outside the house where it was found,” he says.Wildlife experts say barred owls may find chimneys enticing during this time of year because they begin laying eggs from Febr

26、uary through May. Since they dont build their own nests, they look for holes. Mass Wildlife has also received similar reports of this happening with other birds. To help prevent wild animals like birds and bats from entering your home, Mass Wildlife suggests placing a metal cap with a screen on your

27、 chimney. Chimneys arent the only places that pose a danger to birds and other wildlife.According to a 2014 study, 27% of the more than 100 uncapped bollards (路樁) had dead birds inside them. Bollards are used for traffic control or building security. Theyre usually capped but in this case, many of t

28、hese posts were left open. They also looked at 88 open pipes used as gate posts and 11% contained dead birds. In another study on a nearby highway, 14% of the open pipes had dead birds. “The birds likely investigate the open pipe as a potential nesting site, and once inside they cannot climb the smo

29、oth metal or extend their wings to fly out. Alternatively, birds may attempt to land on the upright open pipes and then fall in,” the researchers wrote.8. What did Olanyk find about the owl?A. It looked anxious.B. It was looking for a baby.C. It was in good shape.D. It missed its owner.9. What does

30、the underlined word “enticing” in paragraph 3 mean?A. Narrow.B. Attractive.C. Choking.D. Confusing.10. Which measure would Mass Wildlife agree with to protect birds?A. Making large carriers.B. Cleaning chimneys regularly.C. Fixing cameras on bollards.D. Placing caps on open pipes.11. What is the pur

31、pose of this text?A. To tell a story.B. To introduce a bird.C. To analyze a phenomenon.D. To advertise an organization.【答案】8. C 9. B 10. D 11. C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章講述了馬薩諸塞州的一戶(hù)人家迎來(lái)了一位不速之客橫斑林鸮。文章從意外闖入煙囪的橫斑林鸮入手，分析了鳥(niǎo)為什么會(huì)飛到煙囪、路樁及管道里，并陳述了Mass Wildlife提出的建議?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“This individual was very calm(這

32、只鳥(niǎo)非常冷靜)”和“Olanyk examined the bird for injuries and found none(奧蘭尼克檢查了這只鳥(niǎo)的傷勢(shì)，沒(méi)有發(fā)現(xiàn)任何損傷)”可知，這只橫斑林鸮非常鎮(zhèn)靜，也沒(méi)有受傷，狀況良好。故選C?！?題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線(xiàn)詞后的“because they begin laying eggs from February through May. Since they dont build their own nests, they look for holes(因?yàn)樗鼈儚?月到5月開(kāi)始產(chǎn)卵。因?yàn)樗鼈儾蛔约褐?，所以它們?huì)找洞)”可知，橫斑林鸮不筑巢，而是

33、找洞去孵蛋。故此推斷煙囪對(duì)它們有“吸引力”。enticing意為“有吸引力的”。故選B?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“They also looked at 88 open pipes used as gate posts and 11% contained dead birds. In another study on a nearby highway, 14% of the open pipes had dead birds.( 他們還觀察了88個(gè)用作門(mén)柱的開(kāi)放管道，11%的管道里有死鳥(niǎo)。在附近高速公路的另一項(xiàng)研究中，14%的開(kāi)放管道有鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)死亡。)”可知，這些路樁和管道是開(kāi)口

34、的，再結(jié)合第三段中的“Mass Wildlife suggests placing a metal cap with a screen on your chimney(Mass Wildlife建議在你的煙囪上放一個(gè)帶屏幕的金屬蓋子)”可推知，在開(kāi)口的管子上安裝蓋子可以防止鳥(niǎo)進(jìn)入。故選D?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。本文從意外闖入煙囪的橫斑林鸮入手，分析了鳥(niǎo)為什么會(huì)飛到煙囪、路樁及管道里，并陳述了Mass Wildlife提出的建議。由此可推知，文章的寫(xiě)作目的是為了分析一個(gè)現(xiàn)象。故選C。DHow might architecture aid in solving the housing cris

35、is and help build a more sustainable future? In 2019, 3D printing company WASP and Mario Cucinella Architects (MCA) revealed their concept to design the first 3D printed house made entirely from clay. Today, the joint project, known as TECLA, is finally complete and on display near Bologna, Italy.Ov

36、er the past few years, a number of 3D printed homes and communities have been conceptualized. While previous structures were made from concrete or plastic, TECLA was built from soil found at the site mixed with water, fibers from rice husks (殼) and a binder (粘合劑), the last of which is less than 5% o

37、f the total volume. Printing with clay does have its weaknesses. Its a much slower process than quick-drying concrete the design can be printed in 200 hours but the clay mixture can take weeks to dry, depending on climate, and it also has height limitations.Building homes from earth, Cucinella point

38、ed out, is not new. “The challenge was really using an old material in the history of architecture with new technology to find a new shape of a house,” Cucinella said. To that end, the Crane WASP printers mixed water with the local earth, and then printed the 60-square-meter TECLA model layer by lay

39、er. The design features two circular spaces joined together with skylights, inviting full natural light inside. The residence includes a living area, a bedroom and bathroom. Its furniture, including tables and chairs, can also be printed using WASPs machinery, while components like doors and windows

40、 were fixed post-printing.The idea behind TECLA isnt necessarily to copy the same home for any environment, but to adjust the design based on the location. “We are not producing one type of house that you can print and use everywhere, because its different if you design a house in the north of Italy

41、, or in the middle of Africa,” Cucinella explained. “The house responds to different climates.” Additionally, the building process can be easily taught and widely used.12. What is the disadvantage of printing with clay?A. 3D printers are costly.B. Clay is not strong enough.C. Its not easy to mix ric

42、e husks with clay.D. It takes a long time to dry the mixture.13. Which of the following best describes TECLA?A. It is air-conditioned.B. It is the first 3D printed house.C. It is fully equipped.D. It adopts a solar heating system.14. What is the significance of TECLA?A. It adapts to different climat

43、es.B. It limits the height of buildings.C. It uses few binders in printing.D. It can be moved without effort.15. What is the best title for the text?A. The challenges for 3D printingB. Is this 3D printed home the future of housing?C. The ways to renew 3D printing machineryD. Can we simplify the inst

44、ructions on 3D printing?【答案】12. D 13. C 14. A 15. B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了3D打印房屋的優(yōu)勢(shì)和發(fā)展前景。【12題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Printing with clay does have its weaknesses. Its a much slower process than quick-drying concrete the design can be printed in 200 hours but the clay mixture can take weeks to dry, depending on

45、 climate, and it also has height limitations.(用粘土印刷確實(shí)有它的弱點(diǎn)。這是一個(gè)比快干混凝土慢得多的過(guò)程設(shè)計(jì)可以在200小時(shí)內(nèi)打印出來(lái)，但粘土混合物可能需要數(shù)周時(shí)間才能干燥，這取決于氣候，而且它也有高度限制。)”可知，粘土印刷的缺點(diǎn)是需要很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間來(lái)干燥混合物。故選D?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“The residence includes a living area, a bedroom and bathroom. Its furniture, including tables and chairs, can also be printe

46、d using WASPs machinery, while components like doors and windows were fixed post-printing.(住宅包括一個(gè)起居區(qū)、一間臥室和一間浴室。包括桌椅在內(nèi)的家具也可以使用WASP的機(jī)器進(jìn)行打印，而門(mén)和窗等部件則是在打印后進(jìn)行固定的。)”可知，TECLA模型房子設(shè)備齊全。故選C?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“The house responds to different climates.(房子能適應(yīng)不同的氣候。)”可知，TECLA的重要性是它能適應(yīng)不同的氣候。故選A?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“

47、How might architecture aid in solving the housing crisis and help build a more sustainable future?(建筑如何幫助解決住房危機(jī)，幫助建設(shè)一個(gè)更可持續(xù)的未來(lái)?)”以及下文講述的是3D打印房屋的優(yōu)勢(shì)，可知，文章主要探討的是3D打印房屋是未來(lái)的住房這一前景問(wèn)題。所以“Is this 3D printed home the future of housing?(3D打印房屋是未來(lái)的住房嗎?)”作為文章標(biāo)題最為合適。故選B。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題3分，滿(mǎn)分15分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白

48、處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Whether youre in high school or college, classes will be over in a few short months. If youd like to work this summer, have you started looking for a job? If not, nows the time to search for positions, fill out applications, and get yourself hired. To get the process started, foll

49、ow our tips below.Make or update your resume. Even if potential positions require you to submit an application, some may also ask for anaccompanyingresume. _16_ You can also use free online tools to easily create a resume in minutes.Look ahead. _17_ Think forward to your hopes for the future, and tr

50、y to find a position that might help you develop relevant skills or make helpful contacts.Drop by. If theres a certain place where youre interested in working, put on an appropriateoutfit (裝束), get your resume in hand, and drop by. _18_ Be ready to give your 30-second speech that answers two questio

51、ns: “Why do you want to work here?” and “Why should I hire you?”_19_ You might need to providereferencesto a potential employer, so chat with former bosses, current mentors (導(dǎo)師), and anyone else you want to include on your list.Remember, its important to get started on the summer job search now, as

52、so many others will be looking for seasonal work. _20_ Keep looking foropportunities, using your networks, and thinking creatively. Soon youll have something lined up to keep you busy and earn you money for the summer months.A. Get your referenceslined up.B. Ask to speak with the manager.C. Contact

53、former employers immediately.D. What do you want to do after you graduate from college?E. It might make sense for you to stay in your college town or city.F. Drop by the career services office at your school for resume help.G. And dont getdiscouragedif you cant find something immediately.【答案】16. F 1

54、7. D 18. B 19. A 20. G【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了幾點(diǎn)假期找工作的建議?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)空后“You can also use free online tools to easily create a resume in minutes.（你也可以用網(wǎng)上免費(fèi)的軟件，簡(jiǎn)單地在幾分鐘內(nèi)做一份簡(jiǎn)歷。）”可知，空后提出了制作簡(jiǎn)歷的方法，且根據(jù)本句的also可知，本空也應(yīng)介紹制作簡(jiǎn)歷的方法，故F項(xiàng)“去學(xué)校的就業(yè)服務(wù)辦公室詢(xún)問(wèn)如何制作簡(jiǎn)歷”符合語(yǔ)境，可以去學(xué)校就業(yè)辦公室詢(xún)問(wèn)制作簡(jiǎn)歷的方法，也可以用網(wǎng)上的免費(fèi)軟件制作一個(gè)，故選F項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)空后“Think for

55、ward to your hopes for the future, and try to find a position that might help you develop relevant skills or make helpful contacts.（想想你對(duì)未來(lái)的期望，然后找一個(gè)能幫助你培養(yǎng)相關(guān)技能或提供幫助的職業(yè)。）”可知，空后提出尋找的職業(yè)要符合自己對(duì)未來(lái)的期望，并且對(duì)其相關(guān)技能有所幫助，故D項(xiàng)“畢業(yè)后你想干什么呢？”符合語(yǔ)境，本空提出疑問(wèn)，空后解答要根據(jù)自己對(duì)未來(lái)的期望來(lái)選擇職業(yè)，且能培養(yǎng)相關(guān)技能，故選D項(xiàng)。【18題詳解】根據(jù)空前“If theres a certain p

56、lace where youre interested in working, put on an appropriate outfit (裝束), get your resume in hand, and drop by.（如果有一份你感興趣的職位，穿上正裝，拿上簡(jiǎn)歷，前往那個(gè)公司。）”以及空后“Be ready to give your 30-second speech that answers two questions: “Why do you want to work here?” and “Why should I hire you?”（準(zhǔn)備好30秒的演講，內(nèi)容主要關(guān)于“你為什么想

57、要在此工作”以及“我們?yōu)槭裁匆x擇雇傭你”這兩個(gè)問(wèn)題。）”可知，空前提到感興趣的話(huà)，就去公司，空后說(shuō)明去公司的目的，毛遂自薦，故B項(xiàng)“要求與經(jīng)理見(jiàn)面”符合語(yǔ)境，去公司要求見(jiàn)經(jīng)理，向經(jīng)理毛遂自薦，回答問(wèn)題，故選B項(xiàng)。【19題詳解】根據(jù)空后“You might need to provide references to a potential employer, so chat with former bosses, current mentors (導(dǎo)師), and anyone else you want to include on your list. （你也許需要為潛在老板提供推薦信，因此

58、與之前的老板和現(xiàn)在的導(dǎo)師以及任何你想要列入名單的人聊天。）”可知，空后提出要為潛在的老板提供推薦信，因此要與之前的老板和導(dǎo)師聊天，讓他們?yōu)槟銓?xiě)推薦信，故A項(xiàng)“準(zhǔn)備好你的推薦信”符合語(yǔ)境，本空提出要準(zhǔn)備推薦信，空后提出如何得到推薦信，故選A項(xiàng)。【20題詳解】根據(jù)空后“Keep looking for opportunities, using your networks, and thinking creatively. Soon youll have something lined up to keep you busy and earn you money for the summer mon

59、ths.（要不斷尋找機(jī)會(huì)，利用你的人際關(guān)系，創(chuàng)造性的思維。很快你就會(huì)有事情讓你忙起來(lái)，在假期掙錢(qián)。）”可知，空后是G項(xiàng)“如果你不能馬上就找到工作，也不要?dú)怵H”的順義承接，即使不能馬上就找到工作，也不要感到氣餒，要一直堅(jiān)持尋找，最終你會(huì)讓自己忙起來(lái)的，故選G項(xiàng)。第二部分 語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分55分）第一節(jié)（共20小題：每小題2分，滿(mǎn)分40分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。In Laura Ingalls Wilders autobiography These Happy Golden Years, Laura spends her

60、weekdays boarding with a poor family while teaching in a school. On the _21_, she goes home to Ma and Pa. In one scene, she identifies a major _22_ between the two homes: her own family says good morning while the other doesnt. “Laura had never _23_ before that saying good morning made the morning g