英語在職考研詞匯

1、英語在職考研詞匯英語在職考研詞匯.txt心是自己的，干嘛總被別人傷沒有傘的孩子必須努力奔跑鬻敷衍的青春總是想太多怨，只怨現(xiàn)實太 現(xiàn)實1一為什么在一起要兩個人的同意、而分手只需要一個人詞 匯一、考試大綱的要求本部分共設(shè)2030題，每題0. 5分?？荚嚂r間為1015分鐘。本 部分包括兩節(jié)。A節(jié)設(shè)1015題，形式為單句選擇替換，要求考生對單句中帶下劃線 的一個詞或詞組進行替換選擇，即從所給的四個備選答案中選出一個最佳替換詞或詞組。B節(jié) 設(shè)1015題，形式為單句選擇填空。要求考生從所給的四個備選答案中選出最佳答案，填入 空白處，使句子完整。詞匯命題范圍為大綱規(guī)定的約5 500個單詞和約550個詞組。二

2、、真題演練與解析下面是2007年真題，在本章的第三部分會以此考題為例，分析詞匯 考題的特點及應(yīng)試技巧。Part II Vocabulary (10 minutes, 10 points, 0. 5 for each)Section ADirections: In this section, there are 10 sentences, each with one word or phrase underlined.Choose the one from the 4 choices marked A, B, C, and D that best keeps the meaning of the

3、sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.By advocating moderate change, they think that they, can keep consumer costs low.A. reasonable B. radical C. immediate D. minimumNuclear power, with all its inherent problem

4、s, is still the only option to guarantee enough energy in the future.A. solution B. policy C. choice D. reasonThe promised wage increase is being held back while it is examined by the government to see if it is greater than the law allows.A. dismissed B. delayed C. neglected D. rejectedSafety offici

5、als have earnestly questioned whether the increased use of synthetic materials heightens the risk of fire.A. cautiously B. severely C. accurately D. seriouslyThe book shifted her outlook from social to spiritual, for its theme was that before you change other people you have to change yourself.A. vi

6、ewpoint B. vocation C. prospect D. preferenceRacing the clock every day is such an exhausting effort that when I actually have a few free moments, I tend to collapse.A. fall down B. fall ill C. fall out D. fall behindThe senator agreed that his support of the measure would jeopardize his chances for

7、reelection.A. benefit B. endanger C. hinder D. disturbThe microscope enables scientists to distinguish an incredible number and variety of bacteria.A. unavoidable B. unchangeable C. unbelievable D. unpredictableHe noticed that Joan was studying him closely, but her expression gave away nothing of wh

8、at she was thinking.A. revealed B. disposed C. reminded D. distributedAt last John Smith chose to step down as the companys chief executive and return to his roots in software research.A. resign B. remove C. retire D. replaceSection BSection BDirections: In this section, there are 10 incomplete sent

9、ences.For each sentence there are 4choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoringANSWER SHEET.His essay is with more than 120 full-color photographsmat depict the

10、national park in all seasons.A. contained B. illustrated C. exposed D. strengthenedLocal government _ could be obtained through a local income tax and/or a local sales tax.A. budget B. expense C. finance D. revenueEven after reading it for three times he couldnt _ the meaning of that letter.A. conce

11、ive B. consult C. contrast D. concernThe temperature in this area is low enough to allow falling snow to _ and slowly transform into ice.A. preserve B. accumulate C. melt D. spreadIn calculating the daily calorie requirements for an individual, variations in body size, physical activity and age shou

12、ld be _A. brought into practice B. taken into account C. thrown light on D. looked down uponThe shy girl felt quite and uncomfortable when she could not answer the interviewers question.A. amused B. sensitive C. curious D. awkwardThe courses aim to give graduates an up-to-date grasp of their subject

13、 and laboratory skills.A. superficial B. subjective C. structural D. sophisticatedThere was no light on the way and for a second she hesitated, unable to the dimfigure awaiting her.A. set out B. make out C. pickup D. clear upSome people apparently have an amazing ability to the right answer.A. come

14、up with B. look up to C. put up with D. clear upI had been a university student for three years, but not until this afternoon had I felt thethrill of .A. confusion B. disappointment C. sensation D. fulfillment這類考題的考查內(nèi)容以及相應(yīng)的重點有下面幾種：.考查考生對形似詞的辨認能力，例如上面真題第23題。.考查考生對句意的理解和詞匯的記憶能力，例如上面真題B節(jié)題。.考查考生對同義詞、近義詞

15、的識別能力，考題中單個的動詞、抽 象名詞、形容詞和副詞多以近義詞、同義詞的形式出現(xiàn)，例如上面真 題A節(jié)題。.考查考生對短語或詞組的記憶程度，例如上面真題第16、25、28、 29題。其中動詞與介詞的搭配以及介詞短語作狀語的識別更為重要, 特別是由同一動詞加不同介詞構(gòu)成的短語，如come, go, set, break 等構(gòu)成的短語是考查重點?？忌谧鲈~匯測試題時一，兩個部分可以使用不同的解題步驟。A部分可以按以下步驟做題：先看劃線詞匯是否認識。如果在記憶范 圍內(nèi)，就不需再讀題干，只要在下方選項中找出意思相近的單詞即可。 這個過程一定要膽大心細，因為一般來說，四個選項的意思差別較大, 易于選擇。

16、這樣就能節(jié)省相應(yīng)的時間進行后面的考試。如果這個詞完 全不認識，就應(yīng)該仔細閱讀題干，根據(jù)題干給出的信息猜測詞義，從 而選擇出一個相應(yīng)答案。有些時候，即使不知道劃線部分的詞意，還是可以通過自己的判斷做 出正確的選擇。Applicant will be asked to provide information on how they will disseminate information to other students at their university or college. （2005 年 13 題）A. disclose B. deliver C. spread D. analyze

17、一般來說，能夠認識這個劃線單詞的考生并不多。這時大家一定 不要慌亂，而是要冷靜看題干。首先通讀題干可以發(fā)現(xiàn)以下幾個信息 點：這個詞是動詞，賓語包括間接賓語information 和直接賓語 others tudents,地點狀語 at their university or college。句子的大概意思是“在大學或?qū)W院里如何將信息給他人”。通過常識判斷，我們 可以猜測出這個單詞的意思應(yīng)該是“傳播”。而且這個地方的介詞 to意思是“向，往，給，于”，所以排除可能的猜測“分 析信息”。大家很快能夠選出正確答案C。B部分的解題步驟：仔細閱讀題干，先搞清楚該句的大概意思; 通過對所缺詞前后部分的大致

18、分析，判斷所缺詞匯的詞性；看看 是否涉及搭配關(guān)系；選擇一個可能的答案，然后把這個答案填入空 白；通讀全句，驗證自己的選擇是否符合全句的意思。對于這兩個詞匯測試部分，考生一定不要在碰到難詞時輕言放棄。如果發(fā)現(xiàn)自己不熟悉試題中的個別選項，也不要輕易放棄，可運用排 除法把自己熟悉又不符合題意的詞先排除掉，剩F的那個不熟悉的詞 可能就是答案?？忌鷤冊谶M行詞匯部分的復(fù)習時，不要僅僅把它理解成簡單地背誦大 綱的詞表。誠然這個過程是重要的而且必須的。但是考生應(yīng)該認識到, 對于一些重點詞匯，我們的目標不僅僅局限在認識它而且還應(yīng)該做到 全面地認識，包括對它的詞性、多個詞義、固定的搭配等全面地了解, 這樣才能胸有

19、成竹。同時，考生在記憶單詞的過程中，也不能死記硬 背，而是要使用多種有效的記憶方法，使記憶單詞的過程輕松一些， 效率高一些。因此考生應(yīng)在詞匯的復(fù)習過程中注意以下幾點：(1)大綱詞表中標有重點符號的2500個單詞一定要熟記。這些單詞的 多重詞義和詞性一定要清楚明白。通過對大綱規(guī)定的詞匯進行分類，找出記憶重點， 排除非核心詞匯的干擾，通過對不同級別單詞的先后記憶，最終達到全部掌握單詞的目的。(2)應(yīng)注意辨別詞形相近的詞、音同義不同的詞、同義詞以及近義詞, 了解和掌握這些詞的準確含義和正確用法。(3)固定搭配的記憶，特別是動詞加介詞短語一定要清楚明白。(4)培養(yǎng)對詞匯語境含義的理解與認識。要注意單詞

20、的詞典含義與語 境含義的區(qū)別，學會正確理解一個詞在句子中的真正含義，而不要僅用詞典中的釋義 去硬套。這一點不僅對做好詞匯部分的考題十分重要，也有助于做好翻譯部分的考題。語境 含義指詞匯在具體的句子中通過與其他詞匯之間的某種關(guān)系體現(xiàn)出來的語義。具體的記憶技巧包括：.詞根詞綴記憶法只要了解詞根、詞綴就能認識并記住一些單詞，所以為了使自己 的詞匯量在短期內(nèi)迅速擴大，可以集中記憶一些常見的詞根、詞綴。 特點是充分利用單詞的構(gòu)詞規(guī)律，通過掌握一組單詞的共同詞根或詞 綴，達到成串記憶單詞的目的。例如，認識able,并了解able的意 思是 capable（能），就可以知道 able, enable, un

21、able, ability, capable等都和“能力”和“才千”有關(guān)系。女D果知道act意為 todo, todrive （做、干、驅(qū)動），那么記憶 act, action, actor, actress, active, activity, activate, actual, exact, reactor, interact, transaction等單詞就非常簡單了。知道part意為to separate （分 離、分開），就可以記住一長串單詞：parcel, partly, partial, partner,party,participate,partic 中 ant,particl

22、e,particular, apart, apartment, department, compartment, depart, parto 除 了詞根以外，英語單詞當中還有很多詞綴（包括綴、后綴），前綴和后 綴在單詞當中出現(xiàn)得非常頻繁。記住了單詞的前綴和后綴，再加上詞 根的幫助，記憶單詞絕不是一件無序的事情，而是有眾多規(guī)律可循的。 也就是說，掌握了詞根詞綴記憶法之后，我們需要記憶的單詞量不再 是4200個，而可能是1000個左右，甚至更少。.逆序記憶法所謂逆序記憶法，指的是將結(jié)尾相同的詞集中記憶。這種詞一般結(jié) 尾特殊，而且數(shù)量較少，應(yīng)該集中記憶。例如，以ique結(jié)尾的詞有: unique （

23、獨特的），technique（技術(shù),方法），physique （體質(zhì)，體格），antique（古老的，古式的，古董），boutique （時 裝商店）。以ique結(jié)尾的單詞一般來自法語，一般為名詞或形容詞。.組群記憶法這種記憶方法的優(yōu)點在于學習者可以隨時隨地根據(jù)某一信息聯(lián)想 記憶單詞。比如，一個人騎車走在街上就可以聯(lián)想到bicycle, truck, car, vehicle, bus, traffic（iam, light）, rushhours,highway,freeway,zebralines,cement,sidewalk,underpass, fine, road, passeng

24、er, shops, fence 等詞。40基本義聯(lián)想法這種方法利用多義單詞的意義擴展規(guī)律，首先抓住單詞最基本的 意思，然后根據(jù)其他詞義與基本義的聯(lián)系來輕松地記憶單詞。比如， 知道immediately的基本意思是“中間沒有間隔的”，就可以較容易 地記住它的三個意思：（時間）立刻的；（空間）緊挨的，緊接的， 緊跟的：（關(guān)系）直接的。.形義聯(lián)想法這種方法的做法是找出單詞之間形狀和意義的共同特點，利用它 們的共同特點展開記憶。比如對ball, balloon, ballot, bullet等 幾個詞就可以做這樣的聯(lián)想記憶，即它們都和球有著意義上的聯(lián)系。 balloon是體積較大的氣球，ballot

25、是用來投票的紙球，bullet是 體積較小的金屬球。再比如：brace（支柱，支架），bracket（托架， 括號），brake（閘，剎車）,branch（分叉，樹枝）等幾個詞當中都包含了 br,而它像張開兩手向前作“抱” 的姿勢。這幾個單詞的漢語意思當中也都包含抱或托的形象。.巧用單詞之間的共同成分，由熟悉的單詞記憶新單詞如:由east可以擴展記憶beast （野獸），feast （盛宴）,yeast （酵母）； 由obtain （獲得）可以擴展記憶attain （獲得）,contain （包含），detain （扣留）， maintain（維持），sustain（支持），retain（保留

26、）。.分割記憶聯(lián)想本方法就是把一個單詞分成幾個單詞或部分，利用它們之間的意 義進行聯(lián)想，從而達到形象記憶的效果。比如，charisma（領(lǐng)導人的 超凡魅力）可以這樣拆分記憶:cha可以看作China, ris ma可以分 別看作是rise、Mao,連起來就是China rises Mao（中國升起了毛澤東），即領(lǐng)袖毛澤東具有超凡的魅力。.通過閱讀記憶和鞏固詞匯通過閱讀文章，根據(jù)上下文理解和記憶重要詞匯。針對記憶單詞提出如下建議：lo勤復(fù)習只背單詞不進行復(fù)習是一種錯誤的做法。要想效率高，應(yīng)該多次 復(fù)習。如有一個小時，前20分鐘可記憶要記的詞匯，后40分鐘復(fù)習 一下。而且，復(fù)習的密度開始時要大，如

27、間隔為第一天、第二天、第 四天，以后翻看一下就行了。2o多運用對于常見詞（4級及以下詞匯），應(yīng)該通過聽說讀寫加以鞏固。如 找?guī)讉€相關(guān)例句，或在實踐中加以運用都能收到良好效果。三.專題訓練（講解在下一講）His disasters were _ to what he had done wrong.A. despite B. in spite of C. down D. dueIt is well know that the retired workers in our country are _ free medical care.A. entitled to B. involved in C.

28、 associated with D. assigned toThe gifted engineer _ a model of the atomic generator.A. draggedB. draftedC. driftedD. drattedThe desperate doctor _ every possible &rug into him with a view to saving his life.A. projected B. rejected C. injected D. ejectedTwo discussions from different points of view

29、 may _each other.A. complexion B. compliment C. appendix D. complementYouve made a mistake一youve _ a word.A. left outB. left behind C. left offD. left forSome old people don，t like pop songs because they can,t _ so much noise.A. resist B. sustainC. tolerateD. undergoIn general, matters which lie ent

30、irely within state borders are the _ concern of state government.A. extinct B. excluding C. excessive D. exclusiveAs a result of careless washing, the jacket _ to a childs size.A. compressed B. shrank C. dropped D. decreasedMany difficulties _ as a resuk of the change over to a new type of fuel.A. r

31、isen B. arisen C. arose D. raisedPoverty depresses most people, _ my father it was otherwise.A. in case B. in case of C. in the case ofD. in any wayThe fire must have _ after the staff had gone home.A. broken downB. broken up C. broken out D. broken offWhen a psychologist does a general experiment a

32、bout the human mind, he selectspeople _ and ask them questions.A. at length B. at random C. in essence D. in bulkMy brothers plans are very_; he wants to master English, French and Spanish before he is sixteen.A. abundant B. ambitious C. arbitrary D. aggressiveShe thought it was _ not to know some o

33、f the basic facts of her country.A. shameful B. ashamed C. a shame D. ashamefulTed agreed to the strike if the company would satisfy the demand of the workers.A. call outB. call to C. call offD. call onAt the party we found that the shy girl _ her mother all the time.A. centering on B. adhering to C

34、. coinciding with D. clinging toThe relationship between employers and employees has been studied _A. originally B. extremely C. violently D. intensivelyNiagara Falls is a great tourist , drawing millions of visitors every year.A. attention B. attraction C. appointment D. arrangementReading _ the mi

35、nd only with materials of knowledge; it is thinking that makes what we read ours.A. rectifiesB. prolongs C. minimizes D. furnishesThe local government gave the f irst to education after the war.A. projection B. protection C. profession D. priorityThe mass newspaper depended significantly more on adv

36、ertising_ than did their predecessors.A. revenues B. incomesC. avenuesD. outcomesA major goal of the travel agency is to _ more people to visit its country at the turn of the century.A. reduce B. introduce C. arouse D. attractThe most successful way to solve the language problem while a foreign play

37、 is being performed is translation.A. instantaneousB. spontaneous C. simultaneousD. homogeneousWhen light illuminates an object, part of it is absorbed and part reflected, the _ lightnessof an object depends on the proportion of light that is reflected.A. denotedB. embodied C. insulated D. perceived

38、You must _ yourself or they will continue to bully you, so you will go on living in disgrace.A. assess B. assert C. maintain D. promoteHousewives who do not go out to work often feel they are not working to their fullA. capacity B. strength C. length D. possibilityWhile both plans were perfectly sen

39、sible, only one seemedin China，sparticular situation.A. available B. feasibleC. resolvable D. presumableA good teacher must know how to _ his ideas to the students, as generally agreed by educational experts.A. transmit B. transferC. conveyD. communicateIf you keep on taking on more work than you ca

40、n do, your health will _A. decline B. degradeC. degenerate D. deteriorateDuring the famine of 1943, minions of peasants _ to the cities because they couldnot make a living in the countryside.A. immigrated B. emigrated C. migrated D. generatedIm sorry to inform you that your application has been decl

41、ined. Our manager thought you were not _ for the post.A. legible B. eligibleC. valid D. literateThe three astronauts have splashed down in the Pacific Ocean, only six miles from the aircraft carrier that was _ for the recovery mission.A. dispatched B. deposited C. deployed D. deliveredPubs have fanc

42、iful names like The Red Lion or The Pig and Whistle and they oftenhave pictures on a signboard outside to _ the name.A. justify B. illustrate C. modifyD. clarifyFailure is the mother of success, so that hers hasn，t _ her, but encouraged her to redouble her exertions instead.A. discharged B. discount

43、ed C. discarded D. discouragedThe traffic police were Searching for evidence to prove the accused mans _, but in vain.A. mistakeB. guilt C. fault D. defectThere are two main requirements before the fifth generation computer can become a reality and it is these that scientists are _A. anticipating B.

44、 tackling C. manipulatingD. speculatingWhen you get a minor burn, pour some cold water on it, which will help _ the pain of the burn.A. relieve B. relax C. reveal D. releaseThe library published a collection of books which are recently made _ to the public.A. acceptable B. accessible C. accommodable

45、 D. accountableAnyone who has spent time with chiIdren is aware of the difference in the way boys and girls respond to _ situation.A. similar B. alike C. same D. likelyIn this factory, suggestions often have to wait for months before they are fully _A. admitted B. acknowledged C. absorbed D. conside

46、redThe boy si ipped out of the room and headed for the swimming pool without his parents， _A. command B. conviction C. consentD. compromiseIn a typhoon, winds _ a speed greater than 120 kilometers per hour.A. assume B. accomplish C. attain D. assembleDifficulties and hardships have _ the best qualit

47、ies of the young geologist.A. brought out B. brought about C. brought forthD. brought upThe bank manager asked his assistant if it was possible for him to _ the investmentplan within a week.A. work out B. put out C. make out D. set outRichard doesnt think he could ever _ what is called “free-style p

48、oetry.A. take on B. take over C. take to D. take afterCalifornians and New Englanders speak the same language and _ by the same federal laws.A. stand B. conform C. abide D. sustainThe long-awaited Hubble Space Telescope, _ to orbit theEarth next March, willobserve some of the oldest stars in the sky

49、.A. subject B. owing C. available D. dueAlthough we had told them not to keep us waiting, they made no to speed up deliveries.A. trial B. attemptC. action D. progressThe tourist will be prevented from entering a country if he does not have _ passport.A. an operative B. a head C. an efficient D. an e

50、ffective詞匯專項訓練詞匯專題訓練：His disasters were _ to what he had done wrong.A. despiteB. in spite of C. downD. dueIt is well know that the retired workers in our country are _ free medical care.A. entitled toB. involved in C. associatedwith D. assigned toThe gifted engineer _ a model of the atomic generator

51、.A. draggedB. draftedC. driftedD. drattedThe desperate doctor _ every possible &rug into him with a view to saving his life.A. projectedB. rejectedC. injectedD. ejectedTwo discussions from different points of view may _each other.A. complexion B. compliment C. appendixD. complementYouve made a mista

52、ke-youve _ a word.A. left outB. left behind C. left offD. left forSome old people dont like pop songs because they cant _ so much noise.A. resistB. sustainC. tolerateD. undergoIn general, matters which lie entirely within state borders are the _ concern of stategovernment.A. extinctB. excludingC. ex

53、cessiveD. exclusiveAs a result of careless washing, the jacket _ to a childs size.A. compressed B. shrankC. droppedD. decreasedMany difficulties _ as a resuk of the change over to a new type of fuel.A. risenB. arisenC. aroseD. raisedPoverty depresses most people, _ my father it was otherwise.A. in c

54、aseB. in case ofC. in the caseof D. in any way12.The fire must haveafter the staffhad gone home.broken downbroken upbroken outD. broken offWhen a psychologist does a general experiment about the human mind, he selectspeople _ and ask them questions.A. at lengthB. at random C. in essenceD. in bulkMy

55、brother，s plans are very_; he wants to master English, French and Spanish before heis sixteen.A. abundantB. ambitiousC. arbitraryD. aggressiveShe thought it was _ not to know some of the basic facts of her country.A. shamefulB. ashamedC. ashameD. ashamefulTed agreed to the strike if the company woul

56、d satisfy the demand of the workers.A. call outB. call toC. call offD. call onAt the party we found that the shy girl _ her mother all the time.A. centering on B. adhering to C. coinciding with D. clinging toThe relationship between employers and employees has been studied _A. originallyB. extremely

57、C. violentlyD. intensivelyNiagara Falls is a great tourist _, drawing millions of visitors every year.A. attentionB. attractionC.appointmentD. arrangementReading _ the mind only with materials of knowledge; it is thinking that makes what we read ours.A. rectifiesB. prolongsC. minimizesD. furnishesTh

58、e local government gave the first to education after the war.A. projectionB. protection C. professionD. priorityThe mass newspaper depended significantly more on advertising_ than did theirpredecessors.A. revenuesB. incomesC. avenuesD. outcomesA major goal of the travel agency is to _ more people to

59、 visit its country at the turn of the century.A. reduceB. introduceC. arouseD. attractThe most successful way to solve the language problem while a foreign play is being performedistranslation.A. instantaneous B. spontaneous C. simultaneousD. homogeneousWhen light illuminates an object, part , of it

60、 is absorbed and part reflected, the _ lightnessof an object depends on the proportion of light that is reflected.A. denotedB. embodied C. insulatedD. perceivedYou must _ yourself or they will continue to bully you,so you will go on 1iving in disgrace.A. assessB. assertC. maintainD. promoteHousewive