專四語言知識2附答案

1、專四語言知識2There are some sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on your answer sheet.52. Agriculture is the countrys chief source of wealth, wheat _ by far the biggest ce

2、real crop. 單選題 *A) isB) beenC) beD) being(正確答案)答案解析：在這里wheat being by far the biggest cereal crop是獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，用來表示解釋說明，再例如：Almost all the metals are good conductors，with silver being the best幾乎所有的金屬都是好導(dǎo)體，銀是最好的導(dǎo)體。53. Jack _ from home for two days now, and I am beginning to worry about his safety. 單選題 *A)

3、has been missing(正確答案)B) has been missedC) had been missingD) was missed答案解析：解析考點(diǎn)：語法規(guī)則和詞匯知識。因?yàn)檎f話的參照點(diǎn)是現(xiàn)在，因而在講述一個(gè)持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的事件應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。missing表示“失蹤”的狀態(tài)。譯文杰克到現(xiàn)在已有兩天沒回家了。我開始為他的安全擔(dān)心起來。54. Above the trees are the hills, _ magnificence the river faithfully reflects on the surface. 單選題 *A) whereB) of whoseC) whos

4、e(正確答案)D) which答案解析：解析考點(diǎn)：語法規(guī)則。Whose 在其引導(dǎo)的定語從句中充當(dāng)定語。Whose magnificence在從句中是reflect 的賓語。B中of 是多余的。我們可以舉一個(gè)出現(xiàn) of whose的例子：Above the trees are the hills ,of whose magnificence he often speaks,顯然這里的of 是與speak搭配的。若用which ，必須說：the magnificence of which.譯文 樹林上面是群山，河水將其雄偉逼真地倒映在水面上。55. Who _ was coming to see

5、me in my office this afternoon? 單選題 *A) you saidB) did you say(正確答案)C) did you say thatD) you did say答案解析：根據(jù)句型結(jié)構(gòu)，應(yīng)該是一般疑問句的句式，因此正確答案是B。56. Does Alan like hamburgers? Yes. So much _ that he eats them almost every day. 單選題 *A) forB) asC) toD) so(正確答案)答案解析：so much so that作“如此以至于”講，例如：At sports meet，if w

6、hite and black are present，they support opposing sides and the result is frictionso much so that in many grounds only whites are allowed在體育項(xiàng)目上，如果黑人和白人都在場，他們分別支持對立方，結(jié)果就會產(chǎn)生摩擦，摩擦的結(jié)果是只有白人才能上場。He could see that she had been patient all her life，so much so that now，after years of it，her lips were set in a

7、 gentle and saintly smile他看得出，她一生都很有耐心，經(jīng)過多年的忍耐以后，現(xiàn)在她的嘴邊總掛著一絲溫柔、圣潔的微笑。57. Your ideas, _ , seem unusual to me. 單選題 *A) like herB) like hers(正確答案)C) similar to herD) similar to herself答案解析：根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)，這里要使用名詞性物主代詞hers，來指代her ideas。例如：Womans dearest delight is to wound mans self-conceit，though mans dearest d

8、elight is to gratify hers女人最大的樂事是傷害男人的自負(fù)心理，男人最大的樂事卻是滿足女人的自負(fù)心理。58. The opening ceremony is a great occasion. It is essential _ for that. 單選題 *A) for us to be prepared(正確答案)B) that we are preparedC) of us to be preparedD) our being prepared答案解析：解析考點(diǎn)：語法規(guī)則和詞匯知識。for us to be prepared for that為不定式復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，在句子

9、中充當(dāng)真正的主語(it 是形式主語)。essential還可以用于下列結(jié)構(gòu)：It is essential that，但that從句中的謂語動詞需要用虛擬語氣形式，所以B不對。essential不引導(dǎo)動名詞復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，所以D也不對。essential強(qiáng)調(diào)所要做的事，而非描述做事的人，所以C也不妥。譯文開幕式是一個(gè)很重大的場合。我們必須為此做好準(zhǔn)備。59. Time _ , the celebration will be held as scheduled. 單選題 *A) permitB) permitting(正確答案)C) permittedD) permits答案解析：解析 此處應(yīng)填入表示

10、主動含義的非謂語動詞，與time構(gòu)成獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。答案是B。60. _ I like economics, I like sociology much better. 單選題 *A) As much asB) So muchC) How muchD) Much as(正確答案)答案解析：本題譯文：盡管我很喜歡經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)，但我更喜歡社會學(xué)。as much as表示“和一樣多”；so much表示“許多”；how much表示“有多少(修飾不可數(shù)名詞)”；用as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時(shí)，常把形容詞或副詞置于句首，所以much as符合題意。61. It is futile to discuss the ma

11、tter further, because _ going to agree upon anything today. 單選題 *A) neither you nor I areB) neither you nor me amC) neither you nor I am(正確答案)D) neither me nor you are答案解析：由neithernor連接的兩個(gè)名詞或代詞共同作主語時(shí)，謂語動詞應(yīng)與后一個(gè)主語的人稱和數(shù)一致，例如：If law and order is not preserved，neither the citizen nor his property is safe

12、如果法律和秩序得不到維護(hù)，公民的人身和財(cái)產(chǎn)就得不到安全。Neither Russia nor the United States has been able to discover a mutually satisfactory program for gradual disarmament俄國和美國雙方都沒能找到一個(gè)能使雙方都滿意的分階段裁軍的方案。Time cures sorrows and squabbles because we all change，and are no longer the same personsNeither the offender nor the offen

13、ded is the same時(shí)間可以治愈憂傷，消除爭吵，因?yàn)槲覀兌荚诟淖?，都不再與從前一樣了。不管是觸犯者和被觸犯者都已不是從前的那個(gè)人了。62. They overcame all the difficulties and completed the project two months ahead of time, _ is something we had not expected. 單選題 *A) which(正確答案)B) itC) thatD) what答案解析：which引導(dǎo)的修飾整個(gè)主句的非限制性定語從句，一般是對主句的內(nèi)容作進(jìn)一步的說明，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)并列分句，此時(shí)which可

14、用and this代替，例如：She married Joe，which surprised everyone她嫁給了喬，這使大家都感到意外。Liquid water changes to vapor，which is called evaporation液態(tài)水變?yōu)檎羝@個(gè)過程叫作蒸發(fā)。Friction wears away metal of the moving parts，which shortens their effective working life摩擦?xí)惯\(yùn)動部件的金屬磨損，這就會縮短其有效使用期。63. He is quite worn out from years of h

15、ard work. He is not the man _ he was twenty years ago. 單選題 *A) whichB) that(正確答案)C) whoD) whom答案解析：解析 考點(diǎn)：語法知識。這里the man并不表示某個(gè)人，而是強(qiáng)調(diào)某個(gè)狀態(tài)、屬性或身份，所以不用C或D。that在從句中作表語，which作表語時(shí)一般引導(dǎo)非限制性從句，如：He was no longer stronga student，which he was twenty years ago這時(shí)不能用that代替。另一個(gè)值得知道的表達(dá)方式是：He was not what he was twent

16、y years ago譯文多年的辛勞使他十分衰弱。他不再是二十年前的他了。64. She would have been more agreeable if she had changed a little bit, _? 單選題 *A) hadnt sheB) hasnt sheC) wouldnt she(正確答案)D) didnt she答案解析：本題譯文：如果她能改變一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)，她會更討人喜歡，不是嗎 此句為虛擬語氣，其反意疑問句需要根據(jù)主句謂語動詞來決定，所以would have been的反意疑問形式應(yīng)是wouldnt。65. I parked my bike behind the b

17、uilding, but now its gone. It _. 單選題 *A) may be stolenB) must be stolenC) must have been stolen(正確答案)D) must have stolen答案解析：情態(tài)動詞用法題。此處應(yīng)用過去完成語態(tài)表示對過去發(fā)生的事情的推測，且應(yīng)為被動語態(tài)，所以正確答案為C。66. I suppose these apples are for _. 單選題 *A) us three(正確答案)B) we threeC) our threeD) three us答案解析：數(shù)量詞用法題。for為介詞，因此后面應(yīng)用賓格，所以B和

18、C錯誤。表示我們?nèi)齻€(gè)，可以說three of us，也可以說us three。因此正確答案為A。67. _ the end of the film, more and more people left the cinema. 單選題 *A) ToB) OnC) ByD) Towards(正確答案)答案解析：介詞詞義辨析題。表示一個(gè)動態(tài)過程，因此所選介詞也應(yīng)具有該意義，而在諸選項(xiàng)中，只有D towards表示動態(tài)過程，其余都連接確定的某一時(shí)間點(diǎn)，因此答案為D。68. At three thousand feet, wide plains begin to appear, and there is

19、 never a moment when some distant mountain is not _. 單選題 *A) on viewB) at a glanceC) on the sceneD) in sight(正確答案)答案解析：解析 根據(jù)句意可判斷出答案為D。in sight表示“可見，看得見，在望，不遠(yuǎn)”，如：Peace was in sight. 和平在望。其余三個(gè)詞組的意思分別為：A項(xiàng)“展覽著，上映著”、B項(xiàng)“看一眼，馬上”和C項(xiàng)“出現(xiàn)，登場”。69. The first two stages in the development of civilized man were p

20、robably the invention of weapons and the discovery of fire, although nobody knows exactly when he acquired the use of the _. 單選題 *A) latter(正確答案)B) latestC) laterD) last答案解析：本題譯文：在人類文明的發(fā)展中，最初的兩個(gè)階段很可能是武器的發(fā)明和火的發(fā)現(xiàn)，盡管沒有人確切地知道后者開始使用的時(shí)間。the latter是習(xí)慣用法，表示“后者”，符合句意；latest“最新的”；later“更遲的”；last“最后的”。70. It w

21、ill take us twenty minutes to get to the railway station, _ traffic delays. 單選題 *A) acknowledgingB) affordingC) allowing for(正確答案)D) accounting for答案解析：考點(diǎn) 短語動詞辨析 allow for可用來表示to make provision for，to plan for in case of need，意思是“考慮到某種可能性/ 對某種意外作出預(yù)先安排”；afford表示“提供；供應(yīng)得起”；acknowledge 表示“承認(rèn)某物的存在、真相或事實(shí)”

22、；account for表示“解決；占；說明”等。譯文 考慮到交通耽擱，我們?nèi)セ疖囌拘枰?0分鐘。71. He will have to _ his indecent behaviour one day. 單選題 *A) answer toB) answer for(正確答案)C) answer backD) answer about答案解析：本題譯文：總有一天他要對他的卑劣行為負(fù)責(zé)的。answer for“為負(fù)責(zé)”，符合句意；answer to“符合”；answer back“回嘴，頂嘴”；answer about沒有這種搭配。72. With _ exceptions, the form

23、er president does not appear in public now. 單選題 *A) rare(正確答案)B) unusualC) extraordinaryD) unique答案解析：本題譯文：除了極個(gè)別情況下，前任總統(tǒng)很少會在公共場合露面。rare“稀有的，難得的，特別的”，強(qiáng)調(diào)事情發(fā)生的幾率很少，符合句意；unusual“不平常的，異常的”；extraordinary“非常的，特別的，額外的”；unique“唯一的，獨(dú)特的”。73. We have been hearing _ accounts of your work. 單選題 *A) favouredB) favo

24、urable(正確答案)C) favouriteD) favouring答案解析：解析 從句意上分析，B項(xiàng)正確。favorable表示“贊成的，有利的，贊許的”，如：I hope you will give favorable consideration to my suggestion. 我希望你對我的建議作出肯定的表示。74. During the summer holiday season there are no _ rooms in this seaside hotel. 單選題 *A) emptyB) blankC) desertedD) vacant(正確答案)答案解析：解析 近

25、形近義題。所填詞修飾rooms，Dvacant“空著的，未被占用的”常用來形容職位、職務(wù)、房間等，指暫時(shí)沒有被占用的，符合句意，所以D是答案。Aempty“空的”，empty rooms指里面沒有家具的或串無一人的房間；Bblank“空白的，無字的”指沒有寫、印刷或做過標(biāo)記的，比如a blank page(空白的一頁)；C deserted“被遺棄的，荒廢的”。句意 暑假旺季時(shí)，這個(gè)海濱旅館根本沒有空著的房間。75. Drive straight ahead, and then you will see a _ to the Shanghai-Nanjing Expressway. 單選題 *

26、A) sign(正確答案)B) markC) signalD) board答案解析：解析 sign指“告示，標(biāo)語，牌示，牌子”，如：The sign by the road said No Parking. 路邊的牌子上寫著“禁止停車”。76. Whenever possible, Ian _ how well he speaks Japanese. 單選題 *A) shows upB) shows aroundC) shows off(正確答案)D) shows out答案解析：考點(diǎn) 短語動詞辨析 show up表示“揭露；露面；出現(xiàn)”；show sbaround表示“帶某人參觀”；show off表示“炫耀；炫示”；show sbout表示“帶某人出去”。譯文 只要可能，伊恩總會炫示自己的日語講得好。77. The tenant left nothing behind except some _ of paper, cloth, etc. 單選題 *A) sheetsB) scraps(正確答案)C) pagesD) slices答案解析：解析考點(diǎn)：詞語辨析。sheet，scrap和page都可以與paper連用，但sheet和page不可以與cloth連用。scraps o