四六級(jí)閱讀需掌握個(gè)關(guān)鍵句

1、四六級(jí)閱讀需掌握72個(gè)關(guān)鍵句 四六級(jí)閱讀需掌握72個(gè)關(guān)鍵句 更多資源請(qǐng)登陸： HYPERLINK / t _blank /1It作先行主語(yǔ)和先行賓語(yǔ)的一些句型 Shehadsaidwhatitwasnecessarytosay. 2強(qiáng)調(diào)句型 Itisnotwhorulesusthatisimportant,buthowherulesus. 3All+抽象名詞或抽象名詞+itself（very+形容詞） Hewasallgentlenesstoher. 4利用詞匯重復(fù)表示強(qiáng)調(diào) Acrimeisacrimeacrime. 5something（much）of和nothing（little）ofso

2、methingof相當(dāng)于tosomeextent，表示程度。在疑問(wèn)句或條件從句中，則為anythingof，可譯為有點(diǎn)，略微等。譯為毫無(wú)，全無(wú)。muchof譯為大有，notmuchof可譯為算不上，稱(chēng)不上，littleof可譯為幾乎無(wú)。somethinglike譯為有點(diǎn)像，略似。 Tcation,butheseemstobesomethingofascholar. 6同格名詞修飾是指of前后的兩個(gè)名詞都指同一個(gè)人或物，of以及它前面的名詞構(gòu)一個(gè)形容詞短語(yǔ)，以修飾of后面的那個(gè)名詞。如heroldsharperofafather，可譯為：她那騙子般的父親。 Thosepigsofgirlseat

3、somuch. 7asascan（may）be Itisasplainasplaincanbe. 8Itisin（with）asin（with） Itisinlifeasinajourney. 9asgoodas相等于，就像，幾乎如；實(shí)際上，其實(shí)，實(shí)在。 Tmisedtheorphanboy,thathewouldadopthim. 10manyaswellas和mightaswellasmanyaswellas可譯為與其，不如，更好，以這樣做為宜，如同，也可以等等。mightaswellas表示不可能的事，可譯為猶如，可與一樣荒唐，與其那樣不如這樣的好等等。 Onemayaswellnotk

4、nowathingatallasknowitimperfectly. 11tomakeof的譯法（使成為，把當(dāng)作） Iwillmakeascientistofmyson. 12oo+不定式，not（never）too+不定式，toonot+不定式 Sheistooangrytospeak. 13only(not,all,but,never)tootodoso和tooready(apt)+todo結(jié)構(gòu)中，不定式也沒(méi)有否定意義，凡是not，allbut等字后+tooto，不定式都失去了否定意義，在tooready（apt）+todo結(jié)構(gòu)中，不定式也沒(méi)有否定意義。 Youknowbuttooyell

5、toholdyourtongue. 14nomorethan句型 Ahomewithoutloveisnomoreahomethanabodywithoutasoulisaman. 15notsomuchas和notsomuchas結(jié)構(gòu)，notsomuchas=notsomuchas，其中as有進(jìn)可換用butrather，可譯為：與其說(shuō)是毋須說(shuō)是。而notsomuchas=without（not）even，可譯為甚至還沒(méi)有。 Theoceansdonotsomuchdividetheworldasuniteit. 16Nothingismorethan和Nothingissoas結(jié)構(gòu)，Noth

6、ingismorethan和Nothingissoas都具有最高級(jí)比較的意思，NothingI可換用no，nobody，nowhere，little，few，hardly，scarcely等等，可譯為沒(méi)有比更為，像再?zèng)]有了，最等。 Nothingismorepreciousthantime. 17cannottoo結(jié)構(gòu),cannottoo意為Itisimpossibletooverdo或者，即無(wú)論怎樣也不算過(guò)分。not可換用hardly，scarcely等，too可換用enough，sufficient等 Youcannotbetoocareful. 18否定+but結(jié)構(gòu)，在否定詞后面的but

7、，具有whichnot，whonot，thatnot，等等否定意義，構(gòu)成前后的雙重否定?？勺g成沒(méi)有不是或都等 Nothingissobadbutitmighthavebeenworse. 19否定+until(till)結(jié)構(gòu)，在否定詞no，not，never，little，few，seldom等的后邊所接用的until/till，多數(shù)情況下譯為直到才，要才，把否定譯為肯定。 Nobodyknowswhathecandotillhehastried. 20notsobut和notsuchabut結(jié)構(gòu)，這兩個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)和否定+but的結(jié)構(gòu)差不多，不同之點(diǎn)是這兩個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)中的but是含有thatnot意味的連

8、續(xù)詞，表示程度?？勺g為還沒(méi)有到不能做的程度，并不是不，無(wú)論怎樣也不是不能等。英譯漢試題中常見(jiàn)的重要短語(yǔ)及典型句型1. (1) . not so much. as (but) . 與其說(shuō)還不如說(shuō)(2) . not so much that.as (but) that. 與其說(shuō)還不如說(shuō)(3) . not so much as. (=not even) 甚至于不，連也不(4) . might as well . as. 與其說(shuō)還不如說(shuō)例1：He is not so much a teacher as a scholar.譯文：與其說(shuō)他是老師，還不如說(shuō)是學(xué)者。(注意翻譯時(shí)動(dòng)作的對(duì)象)例2：It was

9、nt so much his appearance I liked as his personality.譯文：與其說(shuō)我喜歡他的外表，不如說(shuō)我喜歡他的品格。例3：Its not so much that I dont want to come but I just havent got the time.譯文：倒不是因?yàn)槲也幌雭?lái)，而是我根本沒(méi)有時(shí)間。例4：He didnt so much as say thank you after all wed done for him.譯文：我們?yōu)樗闪四敲炊嗍?，他甚至連謝謝都沒(méi)有說(shuō)一聲。例5：You might as well throw your m

10、oney into the sea as lend it to him.譯文：與其將錢(qián)借給他，還不如把錢(qián)丟進(jìn)大海。(注意翻譯時(shí)動(dòng)作的對(duì)象)注意：more . than . 1) she is more beautiful than her sister. 她比她姐姐漂亮。2) George is more intelligent than aggressive. 與其說(shuō)喬治言行放肆，不如說(shuō)他聰穎過(guò)人。以上第1)句是more. than結(jié)構(gòu)的一般用法，即在兩個(gè)不同的事物之間就同一方面作比較；而第2)句是就同一個(gè)人的兩個(gè)不同方面作比較。因此要譯成“與其說(shuō)還不如說(shuō)”。more.than結(jié)構(gòu)在上述1)

11、 2)兩句中的用法也適用于less . than結(jié)構(gòu)，得出相反的含義：例如：1) John is less daring than quick-witted. 與其說(shuō)約翰膽大，不如說(shuō)他腦子靈活。2) George was less intelligent than aggressive. 與其說(shuō)喬治聰穎過(guò)人，不如說(shuō)他言行放肆。2.幾個(gè)不定代詞的固定搭配：have none of: 不參加；不準(zhǔn)；不接受I will have none of your stupid ideas! 我才不接受你那愚蠢的想法！He was offered a job but he said hed have none

12、 of it. 他有一個(gè)工作機(jī)會(huì)，但他說(shuō)他不接受。none but (=nothing but): 只有 (=only)None but the brave deserves the fair. 只有英雄才配得上美人。She chose none but the best. 她只選最好的。She is nothing but a child. 她只不過(guò)是個(gè)孩子。none other than: (表示驚訝)不是別人，正是 (= no one else but)Its none other than Tom! We thought you were in Africa.none the +比較級(jí)

13、詞+ for: 毫不，一點(diǎn)也不He spent 2 weeks in hospital but hes none the better for it.他在醫(yī)院里待了兩個(gè)星期，但一點(diǎn)也沒(méi)好轉(zhuǎn)。My car is none the worse for wear. 我的車(chē)子一點(diǎn)也沒(méi)有損耗。none the wiser: 不知情If we take only one piece of cake, mother will be none the wiser.如果我們只拿一小塊蛋糕，母親是不會(huì)知道的。none too: (在形容詞或副詞前) 不太；一點(diǎn)都不The service in this resta

14、urant is none too fast. 這家旅館的服務(wù)一點(diǎn)效率都沒(méi)有。anything but: 除-之外什么都(此處的but等于except)決不(=not at all)I eat anything but (except) fish. 除了魚(yú)，我什么都吃。She is anything but a good cook. 她決不是個(gè)好廚師。(即：除了好廚師，她什么都是。)anything of: (疑問(wèn)句/條件句)一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)；(否定句)一點(diǎn)也(沒(méi)有)Is he anything of a poet? 他有一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)詩(shī)人的樣子嗎？I havent seen anything of him l

15、ately. 最近我沒(méi)有見(jiàn)過(guò)他。for anything: (否定句)(給什么都)不，決不I wont go there for anything. 我決不去那里。or anything: (意味著還有其他的可能性)If Bernard wants to call me or anything, Ill be here all day. 如果伯納德要找我或什么的，我整天都會(huì)在這兒。if anything: 若有任何不同的話(huà)If anything, my new job is harder than my old one. 要說(shuō)有什么不同的話(huà)，我的新工作反而比舊工作要難些。or somethin

16、g: 或什么的(表示說(shuō)話(huà)者不能肯定)She is a stewardess or something. 她是空姐或什么的。something like: 有點(diǎn)像，大約An airship is shaped something like a cigar. 飛船的形狀有點(diǎn)像雪茄。something of a.: 多少有點(diǎn)，有幾分像，略懂hes something of a book collector. 他有幾分像書(shū)籍收藏家。something to / in: (敘述等)有些道理Theres something to / in what you say; Ill take your advic

17、e. 你說(shuō)的有些道理，我會(huì)接受你的建議have / be something to do with: 與有關(guān)I think Guy Fawkes had / was something to do with a plan to blow up the bridge.我想蓋佛克跟圖謀炸毀橋梁有關(guān)。nothing but (= none but = only): 僅僅，只不過(guò)We could see nothing but fog. 除了霧之外我們什么也看不見(jiàn)。for nothing: 免費(fèi)的； 徒勞的； 無(wú)緣無(wú)故的She got the ticket for nothing. 她免費(fèi)得到那張票。

18、All our preparation for nothing! No ones even come to the party. 我們?yōu)檠鐣?huì)所作的準(zhǔn)備都白費(fèi)了! 連一個(gè)人都沒(méi)來(lái)。They quarreled for nothing. 他們無(wú)緣無(wú)故地爭(zhēng)吵。make nothing of: (常和can一起用)不理解；不重視,輕視 (= think nothing of)I could make nothing of the passage. 我不理解這篇文章。He makes / thinks nothing of working ten hours a day. 他不在乎一天工作十小時(shí)。to

19、say nothing of: 更不用說(shuō)(= not to mention / without mentioning)Three people were badly hurt, to say nothing of damage to the building. 三個(gè)人受了重傷，建筑物的損害更不用說(shuō)了。have nothing to do with: 與無(wú)關(guān)I have nothing to do with the accident. 我與這場(chǎng)事故無(wú)關(guān)。nothing if not: 格外地；非常地 (= very / much / extremely)He was nothing if not

20、 clever. (= He was very clever.) 他格外聰明。nothing of: 無(wú)的部分；無(wú)的氣質(zhì)There was nothing of the lady in her behavior. 她的舉止根本沒(méi)有淑女的氣質(zhì)。區(qū)別：all but 幾乎，差一點(diǎn)，除以外其余都是but for要不是but that+從句：若不是例1：She all but fainted when she heard the news.譯文：她聽(tīng)到這一消息時(shí)幾乎暈倒了。注：此句中a11 but意為nearly，almost。試對(duì)比：All but the little children thoug

21、ht that the trip was exciting.譯文：除了小孩，大家都認(rèn)為這次旅行是激動(dòng)人心的。此句中all but意為a11 except。例2：But for the rain we should have a pleasant journey.譯文：要不是下雨，我們的旅行本來(lái)是愉快的。例3：He would have helped us but that he was short of money at the time.譯文：若不是他那時(shí)缺錢(qián)，他是會(huì)幫助我們的。注1).but that引導(dǎo)的從句中謂語(yǔ)用陳述語(yǔ)氣。2).but that有靈活的譯法。如：Nothing wou

22、ld satisfy that child but that I place her on my lap.(那孩子什么都不要，只要我把她抱在懷里。)3.“名詞+or+名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)中or后的名詞是同位語(yǔ)，應(yīng)譯為“即；或者稱(chēng)”例1：Moreover, technology includes techniques, or ways to do things, as well as the machines that may or may not be necessary to apply them.譯文：再者，除機(jī)器外技術(shù)還包括技藝，即制作方法，而動(dòng)用這些技藝并不一定都需要機(jī)器。 4.“only +

23、to do”意為“，結(jié)果卻”，即表示與句子謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作的目的相反的結(jié)果。例1: They dont have to pay for expensive seats at the theatre, the cinema or the opera, onlyto discover, perhaps, that the show is disappointing. 譯文：他們不必花錢(qián)去戲院、電影院或歌劇院買(mǎi)價(jià)格很貴的票，(如果去了，)結(jié)果卻可能發(fā)現(xiàn)，所演的節(jié)目令人失望。 例2: They hurried there only to find the meeting canceled. 譯文：他們匆匆忙忙

24、趕到那兒，結(jié)果卻發(fā)現(xiàn)會(huì)議被取消了。5.not more / -er than 與 no more / -er than 結(jié)構(gòu)比較：John is not better than Tom.John is no better than Tom.前一句表示“約翰不比湯姆好”，屬于普通的比較結(jié)構(gòu)；后一例用了no 情況就不同了。no better than 相當(dāng)于as bad as，含義是兩人一樣壞。這里，“no + 形容詞或副詞比較級(jí) + than”所表示的可以說(shuō)是該形容詞或副詞的反意。例如： no richer than = as poor as 和一樣窮no bigger than = as sm

25、all as 和一樣小no later than = as early as 和一樣早同樣地：I have not taken more than six courses this semester.I have taken no more than six courses this semester.前一句的含義是本學(xué)期選的課不多于六門(mén)；后一句的含義是只選了六門(mén)。強(qiáng)調(diào)“少”。上述結(jié)構(gòu)與表示前后都否定的no more.than (= not.any more than)又有所不同：例：A whale is no more a fish than a horse is.(鯨和馬同樣不是魚(yú)。)另外

26、，在某些結(jié)構(gòu)中，單獨(dú)使用more than 也能表示否定概念：例1：That is more than I can tell. 我簡(jiǎn)直不能說(shuō)。例2：My trip to Beijing is more than sightseeing. 我去北京不僅僅是旅游觀(guān)光而已。6.no more.than. (= not.any more than) 和樣都不(表示前后都否定)例1：The heart is no more intelligent than the stomach, for they are both controlled by the brain. 心臟和胃一樣都無(wú)智力可言，因?yàn)樗鼈兌?/p>

27、是由大腦控制的。例2：There is no reason they should limit how much vitamin you take, any more than they can limit how much water you drink. 譯文：他們沒(méi)有理由限制你服用多少維他命，就像他們不能限制你喝多少水一樣。例3：More and more Afro-Americans see him as a tricky enemy who has no more love for them than he has for the Congolese.譯文：越來(lái)越多的美國(guó)黑人認(rèn)識(shí)到他

28、是個(gè)詭計(jì)多端的敵人。他仇視美國(guó)黑人，正像他仇視剛果人民一樣。(直譯：，他不愛(ài)美國(guó)黑人，正像他不愛(ài)剛果人一樣。)注釋?zhuān)簄ot.any more than是no more.than的一種強(qiáng)調(diào)形式。例如：1) Jack is no more intelligent than John. (=Jack is not intelligent any more than John.)杰克與約翰一樣都不聰明。2) A man can no more fly than a bird can speak. (=A man cannot fly any more than a bird can speak.) 人

29、不會(huì)飛翔，就像鳥(niǎo)不會(huì)說(shuō)話(huà)一樣。3) As a nation, the French are no more eager to 1earn about their wartime failings than are the Japanese. (=As a nation，the French are not eager to learn about their wartime failings any more than are the Japanese.) 作為一個(gè)國(guó)家，法國(guó)正如日本一樣不積極地從他們的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)失敗中吸取教訓(xùn)。上述例句表明，no more.than并不表示比較，而是表示比喻，含有比

30、喻意義的比較級(jí)用于否定時(shí)，than后面的從句不用否定式，但譯成漢語(yǔ)時(shí)要用否定式。而與上述句型意義相反的是：no less.than，意為：“和同樣是”。例如：Human is no less an animal than a monkey is. 人和猴都是動(dòng)物。而no less than 的意思為：“簡(jiǎn)直是，實(shí)在是”，例如：1) It is no less than blackmail to ask such a high price. 如此索要高價(jià)，簡(jiǎn)直是敲詐。2) It is no less than a scandal. 這實(shí)在是一件丑聞。7.not nearly (=by no me

31、ans，far from) 遠(yuǎn)不例1: The food supply will not increase nearly enough to match this, which means that we are heading into a crisis in the matter of producing and marketing food. 譯文：食品供應(yīng)將遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)趕不上人口的增長(zhǎng)，這就意味著我們?cè)诩Z食的生產(chǎn)和購(gòu)銷(xiāo)方面正面臨危機(jī)。 注：1) this是指上面提到的“到21世紀(jì)初世界人口將增加到60億或70億”。2) 又如：There are not nearly enough people

32、 here to do the job.(這里的人手遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不夠承擔(dān)這項(xiàng)工作。)8.“更不用說(shuō)”的表示法：much lessstill less以上兩短語(yǔ)引導(dǎo)的詞組或從句，表示一種追加的否定，less是由little的比較級(jí)，所以這兩個(gè)詞組只能用于否定句中，可譯為“更不用說(shuō)，更不必說(shuō)”。to say nothing ofnot to speak ofnot to mentionlet alone這四個(gè)詞組也意為 “更不用說(shuō)”，也是一種追補(bǔ)的說(shuō)法。但它們與much less和still less有所不同。這些詞組可以隨前一句的意思而定，即前一句是肯定，則追加的也是肯定意義；如果前一句是否定，則追加的

33、是否定意義例1：I could not agree to, much less participate in such proceedings.譯文：我不能同意這種行為，更談不上參加這些行動(dòng)了。 例2：He knows little of mathematics, and still less of chemistry. 譯文：他幾乎不懂?dāng)?shù)學(xué)，更不用說(shuō)化學(xué)了。例3：I did not even see him, still less (= much less) shake hands with him.譯文：我看也沒(méi)有看見(jiàn)過(guò)他，哪里還談得上同他握手呢?例4：In old China, here

34、 was hardly any machine-building industry, to say nothing of an electronic industry.譯文：在舊中國(guó)，幾乎沒(méi)有什么機(jī)器制造工業(yè)，更不用說(shuō)電子工業(yè)了。例5：Sally takes singing and dancing lessons, to say nothing of swimming and tennis lessons.譯文：莎莉?qū)W了唱歌和舞蹈課，而且還學(xué)了游泳和網(wǎng)球課。例6：At that time they could not afford the ordinary comforts of life,

35、not to speak of luxuries.譯文：那時(shí)他連普通生活都不能維持，更不要說(shuō)奢侈品了。例7：They have three fine sons, not to speak of their two 1ovely daughters.譯文：他們有了三個(gè)好兒子，而且還有兩個(gè)可愛(ài)的女兒。例8：I dont know algebra or geometry，not to mention calculus.譯文：我連代數(shù)、幾何都不懂，更不必說(shuō)微積分了。例9：A11 they have to do is press a button，and they can see plays, film

36、s, operas and shows of every kind, not to mention political discussions and the latest exciting football match.譯文：他們所要做的只是按一下電鈕，就能看到各種戲劇、電影、歌劇和各式各樣的演出，而且還能看到各種政治辯論和最近舉行的激動(dòng)人心的足球賽。例10：I cant add two and two, let alone do fractions.譯文：我連2加2都不會(huì)，更不要說(shuō)做分?jǐn)?shù)題了。注意：美國(guó)成語(yǔ)詞典認(rèn)為let alone只能用于追加的否定。但是，有的詞典認(rèn)為，該短語(yǔ)也可以引導(dǎo)追

37、加的肯定。例如：There were five people in the car, let alone the luggage and the two dogs.9.nothing else than 完全是，實(shí)在是例1: What the man said was nothing else than nonsense.譯文：那人講的話(huà)完全是一派胡言。 例2: Your success was due to nothing else than your own diligence.譯文：你的成功完全是由于你自己的勤奮。10.It is not that.but that. 這不是說(shuō)，而是說(shuō)例

38、1: It is not that the scales in the one case, and the balance in the other, differ in the principles of their construction or manner of working; but that the latter is much finer apparatus and of course much more accurate in its measurement than the former. 譯文：這并不是說(shuō)在一種情況下所使用的磅秤和另一種情況下所用的天平在構(gòu)造原理上或工作方

39、式上存在差別，而是說(shuō)與前者相比，后者是一種更精密得多的裝置，因而在計(jì)量上必然更加準(zhǔn)確。11.can not.too. 再也不過(guò)分例1: We cannot be too careful of health. 我們無(wú)論如何注意健康也不為過(guò)。例2: You cannot be too careful when you drive a car. 你開(kāi)車(chē)時(shí)再小心也不過(guò)分。例3: We can not be too faithful to our duties. 我們必須盡力忠于職守。12.other.than. 或other than. 不同于，非；除了 例l: Plants which refine crude ores are often located in countries other than those in which the crude ores are mined. 譯文：提煉礦石的廠(chǎng)房通常不是設(shè)在采礦石的國(guó)家而設(shè)在其它國(guó)家。 例2: Reactions other than the desired one often occur