2020學(xué)年八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)下冊(cè)Module8Timeoff詞句精講精練(含解析)(新版)外研版

1、 Module 8 Time off詞匯精講hardly & hard hardly是一個(gè)表示否定概念的副詞，是由 hard(adv. & adj.困難的，努力)+-ly (副詞后綴)演變而來(lái)。 hard又可以作副詞努力，如 study hard, work hard 。The problem is too hard, I cant work it out.這個(gè)問(wèn)題太難了，我算不出來(lái)。hardly 是具有否定意味的詞，它不能再與其它否定詞一起連用，在由它構(gòu)成的反意疑問(wèn) 句中，尾句的疑問(wèn)式須用肯定式。Hardly anybody (Almost nobody) came to the meeti

2、ng.幾乎沒(méi)有人來(lái)開(kāi)會(huì)。He can hardly speak English, can he?他不太會(huì)說(shuō)英語(yǔ)，對(duì)吧？I could hardly hear the speaker.我?guī)缀趼?tīng)不到演說(shuō)者的聲音。Its raining hard. We can hardly see the sign on the road.雨下得很大。我們幾乎看不到路面的標(biāo)志。wastewaste作不可數(shù)名詞，意為“浪費(fèi)，廢物，垃圾。a waste of意為“浪費(fèi)”。例如：I hate waste.我討厭浪費(fèi)。It s a waste of time. 這就是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間。waste作形容詞，意為“無(wú)用的，浪費(fèi)的，荒

3、廢的”。例如：We shouldn t throw waste paper about.我們不應(yīng)該亂扔廢紙。A factory is pouring waste water into the river.一家工廠(chǎng)正在向河里傾倒廢水。waste作及物動(dòng)詞，意為“浪費(fèi)”。Don t waste water!不要浪費(fèi)水。humanhuman意為“人；人類(lèi)”，指有別于動(dòng)物及其他生物的“人”，其復(fù)數(shù)為humans例如：Dogs can hear much better than humans.狗的聽(tīng)覺(jué)比人的靈敏得多?！就卣埂科渌硎救说脑~： person與peopleperson指?jìng)€(gè)體的“人：一般用于表

4、示具體數(shù)目的人，可以有單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)形式。例如：Who is that person?那個(gè)人是誰(shuí)？Six persons were injured in the car accident. 6個(gè)人在這次車(chē)禍中受傷了。people意為“人，人們”，表示復(fù)數(shù)含義，加定冠詞 the時(shí)，指“人民”；表示“民 族”時(shí)有復(fù)數(shù)形式。例如：The Chinese is a hard-working people.中華民族是一個(gè)勤勞的民族。People don t like to be told that they are wrong.人們都不喜歡別人說(shuō)自己是不對(duì)的。wakewake動(dòng)詞，意為醒，喚醒，常用于詞組

5、wake up和wake-up中。具體用法如下：wake up意為“醒來(lái)”，是不及物動(dòng)詞詞組，其后不能接表示人的名詞或者代詞。例如：The students usually wake up early.學(xué)生們通常醒的很早。wake sb. up 意為“把某人叫醒”，是指一方把另一方叫醒或者吵醒，wake和up之 間加表示人的名詞或者代詞。例如：Don t wake your father up. He s too tired.不要把你父親吵醒。他太累了。somebodysomebody 不定代詞 =someone,“某人； 有人”, somebody比someone要通俗，多用于口 語(yǔ)之中，在

6、句中可以作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)。例如：Someone has been here. 有人來(lái)過(guò)這兒。Somebody has lost his car keys.有人把汽車(chē)鑰匙丟了。There s somebody at the door. 門(mén)口有個(gè)人。Somebody from your office phoned.你的辦公室有人來(lái)過(guò)電話(huà)?！就卣埂砍Ｓ玫膹?fù)合不定代詞有：somebody; someone; something; anybody; anyone; anything;nobody; nothing; everyone; everybody; everythi

7、ng等。不定代詞有兩種用法： 是作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，相當(dāng)于單數(shù)第三人稱(chēng)；一是被形容詞修飾，形容詞常作后置定語(yǔ)。例如：Everything is ready. 一切就緒。Everyone is here. 人人者B在這里。I ll buy you something new.我要給你買(mǎi)些新東西。pathpath可數(shù)名詞，意為“小路，小徑”。例如：Mr. Li is taking a walk along a path in the park.李老師在公園里沿著一條小路散步。【拓展】其他表示“路”的詞的用法street, road & avenuestreet多指兩側(cè)有商店等建筑物的城市街道，用于地址時(shí)可縮

8、寫(xiě)為St.。road只可以行使車(chē)輛寬闊而平坦的城市道路或鄉(xiāng)村道路，用于地址時(shí)可以縮寫(xiě)為Rd.。avenue所指的街道比street稍寬，常指林蔭大道，用于地址時(shí)可縮寫(xiě)為Ave.。at the top ofat the top of 意為在的頂端”。例如：Children are planting trees at the top of hill.孩子們?cè)谏巾斏现矘?shù)。Don t shout at the top of your voice.不要高聲叫喊?！就卣埂縪n the top of 意為在上。例如：There is a bird on the top of the house.房頂上有一只

9、鳥(niǎo)。point outpoint out 意為“指出”，是“動(dòng)詞 +副詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，人稱(chēng)代詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)應(yīng)放在動(dòng)詞之后、副詞之前。例如：There is a mistake in this sentence. Can you point it out?這個(gè)句子有一處錯(cuò)誤，你能把它指出來(lái)嗎？He pointed out the woman from these photos.他從這些照片中指出了那個(gè)女子。【拓展】point作不及物動(dòng)詞，意為“指；指向，常與介詞at , to , towards等連用，表示“指向某位置或方向”。例如：She pointed at me, laughing.她指著我笑。(

10、2 ) point 作可數(shù)名詞，意為“點(diǎn)；要點(diǎn)”。例如：Let s discuss the difficult points in the passage.讓我們討論一下文中的難點(diǎn)。詞匯精練.英漢互譯。指出 2. at the top of 3. a waste of time4.wake sb. up 5. 占 據(jù) ( 時(shí) 間 或 空 間 ) 6. be famousfor7. time off 8. 看 起來(lái)像9. not anymore最后 n.根據(jù)首字母提示補(bǔ)全單詞。We are spending some time o in Los Angeles.The t is very bus

11、y in the morning, so we d better drive slower.I have pyou more than three times.Standing on the top of the mountain, we can see the w city clearly.There are less and less p in the nature because of the environmentalpollution.Don t push; you should pthe door if you want to open it.This is the only pi

12、f you want to get to the top of the hill.I am t; I want to drink some water.The accident was caused by herror.She can hspeak French because she didn t study it.m.用括號(hào)中單詞的正確形式填空。Let s (walk ) along the river.Why not (say) goodbye?I saw some boys (play) in the playground just now.It s fantastic (see) t

13、he city from the top.They don t allow people (swim) in the lake.I remember (turn off) the light in my bedroom. But I don t knowwhy it is on again.We should speak to the old man (polite). The elderly always (wake) up early in the morningIt s hard work( print) eve rything on time.The (leaf) turn green

14、 in spring.IV. 選詞填空。Walk around the lake and go(cross, across) the bridge, you llfind Bai Ta.I was told to look after(me, myself) last weekend.Wu Guangzong(discovered, found) the Wulingyuan Scenic Area. Noone knew about it before.Wulingyuan Scenic Area is famous(as, for) the strange shape of itstall

15、 rocks. (Somebody, Nobody) knows his new number. It seems to be a secret. 英漢互譯。1. point out 2. 在頂端 3. 浪費(fèi)時(shí)間4.喚醒某人 5. take up6. 因著名 7. 休假 8. look like 9. 不再 10. in the end / at last. 根據(jù)首字母提示補(bǔ)全單詞。1. off 2. traffic 3. phoned 4. whole 5. plants6. pull 7. path 8. thirsty 9. human 10. hardly. 用括號(hào)中單詞的正確形式填空

16、。1. walk 2. say 3. playing 4. to see 5. to swimturning off 7. politely 8 wake 9. to print 10. leaves. 選詞填空。across 2. myself 3. discovered 4. for 5. Nobody句式精講Welcome to Beihai Park.welcome 作動(dòng)詞時(shí)，意為“歡迎”，后可直接跟表示人的名詞，接地點(diǎn)時(shí)要加介詞 to 。例如： Welcome to China. 歡迎到中國(guó)來(lái)！Welcome to our school!歡迎到我們學(xué)校來(lái)！【注意】（ 1 ）在地點(diǎn)副詞

17、的前面不加to例如： Welcome home! 歡迎回家?。?2 ） You are welcome. 意為“不用謝。” 例如： Thank you for your help. 謝謝你的幫助。You re welcome. 不用謝。I didn t think they a llow people to swim in the lake.allow 作動(dòng)詞，意為“允許”。后可接雙賓語(yǔ)。常用于以下結(jié)構(gòu)：allow sb. sth. 意為“給予某人某物 （尤指錢(qián)或時(shí)間 ） ；讓某人有（擁用或帶有）某物”。例如： The court allowed a sum of money to each

18、child for clothing.法院判給每個(gè)孩子一筆服裝費(fèi)?！就卣埂浚?1 ） allow doing sth. 意為“允許做某事”； allow sb. to do sth. 意為“允許某人做某事”。例如： Do they allow smoking in the cinemas? 他們?cè)试S在電影院里抽煙嗎?Allow me to introduce you to our headmaster.請(qǐng)?jiān)试S我介紹你見(jiàn)見(jiàn)我們的校長(zhǎng)。allow sth. 意為“允許某事的發(fā)生”。例如： I can t allow such a thing. 我不允許發(fā)生這樣的事。（3）allow sb. sth

19、. 意為“給予某人某物 （尤指錢(qián)或時(shí)間 ） ；讓某人有 （擁用或帶有）某物”。例如： He allows his son too much money. 他給他兒子的錢(qián)太多。We ll allow you time to answer. 我們將給你回答的時(shí)間。I promise to write promise 在此處作動(dòng)詞，意為“允諾，答應(yīng)”。常用下列結(jié)構(gòu)：（ 1 ） promise to do sth. 例如：He promised to help us. 他答應(yīng)幫助我。promise sb. sth. = promise sth. to sb. 例如：I cant give you th

20、e book, Ive promised it to Suan.我不能給你這本書(shū)，我已答應(yīng)把它給蘇珊了。（ 3 ） promise that 從句 例如：He promised me that he would be here at six.他答應(yīng)我他將在六點(diǎn)在這兒等我?！就卣埂?promise 為可數(shù)名詞，意為“承諾，諾言”。例如：Give me your promise that youll never be late again.答應(yīng)我你絕不再遲到。promise 常用的詞組有：give/make a promise許下諾言keep a promise信守諾言carry out a pr

21、omise履行諾言break a promise違背諾言Wish you were here!wish 此處為及物動(dòng)詞，意為“希望”，后跟賓語(yǔ)從句，用了虛擬語(yǔ)氣，表示與現(xiàn)在的情況相反的愿望。此時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式， be 動(dòng)詞則用 were 。例如：I wish I were you. 我希望我是你?！就卣埂勘嫖鰓ish hope（ 1 ）表示“想；希望”，兩者賓語(yǔ)可為 to do ，不能用 doing 。例如：I hope/wish to visit Guilin. 我希望去桂林觀(guān)光。（ 2 ） wish 后可以跟復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)，即 wish sb. to do sth. ，而 hope

22、 不能。例如：I wish you to go. （正 ） 我希望你去。I hope you to go. （誤 ） 我希望你去。（3）兩者都可接that從句，但是“hope + that從句”表示希望，w ish + that 從句”表示愿望，且從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。例如：I hope you ll be better soon. 我希望你很快好起來(lái)。I wish I were really wealthy.但愿我真的富有。（ 4 ） wish 后可接雙賓語(yǔ)。 hope 沒(méi)有這種用法。例如：We wish you a happy New Year! 我們祝你新年快樂(lè)！Walkers h

23、ave to be careful because the weather can change suddenly.be careful 意為“小心”。例如：You should be careful; the ground is wet.你應(yīng)該小心，地面很濕?！就卣埂?be careful 的其他用法：be careful 表“當(dāng)心”時(shí)可以單獨(dú)使用，目的是為了引起他人的注意。例如：Be careful! It s dangerous outside. 當(dāng)心，外邊危險(xiǎn)。be careful of / about sth.意為“小心某物”。例如：We must be careful of the

24、 snakes.我們必須小心蛇。be careful to do sth. 意為“小心地做某事”。例如：He was careful to keep out of sight.他小心地避開(kāi)別人的視線(xiàn)。句式精練I .句型轉(zhuǎn)換。My mother seems to be a very kind woman.（改為同義句 ）my mother is a very kind woman.I think he can do it better.（改為否定句）I he do it better.Let s do homework first.（改為否定句）do homework first.We had

25、a wonderful time in Beijing.（改為同義句）We in Beijing.The mountain was about 480 square kilometers. （ 對(duì)戈U線(xiàn)部分提問(wèn) ） was the mountain?To pull leaves off plants was wrong.（用 it 作形式主語(yǔ)改寫(xiě)句子 ）wrong to pull leaves off plants.“The moon moves round the earth. my grandfather sa id to me. （改為賓語(yǔ)從句）Lucy left the village

26、, but she didn t say goodbye to us.（ 改為同義句 ）Lucy left the village goodbye to us.n.根據(jù)句意完成下列句子，每空一詞。Playing the piano him too much time. 你能指出句中的錯(cuò)誤嗎？Can you the mistakes in the sentence?.媽媽每天早上七點(diǎn)叫醒我。My mother at seven o clock in the morning.歡迎你們來(lái)北京！我會(huì)帶領(lǐng)你們參觀(guān)一下我們的城市。Beijing! I will you our city.我希望我能再一次見(jiàn)

27、到你。I I can again.我?guī)缀醪荒芟嘈盼覀冊(cè)谑兄行?。I believe we re in the.他們?cè)试S在電影院里抽煙嗎？Do they in the cinemas?.他答應(yīng)經(jīng)常給我寫(xiě)信。He to me regularly.你弄清楚他為什么遲到了嗎？Have you why he was late?.當(dāng)心，外面雨下的很大。! It s raining heavily outside.m.補(bǔ)全對(duì)話(huà)。閱讀下面對(duì)話(huà)，從方框內(nèi)7個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇5個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)木渥油瓿纱藢?duì)話(huà)，并把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。I plan to go to Africa next summer.Will you travel somewhere interesting?Where do you come from?Is Chinese very difficult?I;m OK.Traveli