現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)講解及練習(xí)(匯編)

1、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)講解及練習(xí) 一、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的構(gòu)成冃疋句：主語(yǔ)+have/ has + done過(guò)去分詞）+其它He has lived in Shen zhe n for 4 years.一般疑問(wèn)句：Have/ Has +主語(yǔ)+ done過(guò)去分詞）+其它Has he lived in Shenzhen for 4 years?否定句：主語(yǔ)+have/ has+ not + done過(guò)去分詞）+其它He has not fini shed his homework.過(guò)去分詞的構(gòu)成方法如下：1一般情況下，直接在動(dòng)詞原形后面加_ed.work-worked answer-an swered obey-o

2、beyed want-wan ted2以不發(fā)音的-e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞只加dMove-moved hope-hoped divide-divided3字尾是輔音+y的動(dòng)詞。則將y改i加ed.study-studied tidy-tidied satisfy-satisfied4以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的詞，這些詞的末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母時(shí)，雙寫(xiě)這個(gè)輔音字母，再加-edstop-stopped regret- regretted drop-dropped不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式與過(guò)去分詞分類(lèi)記憶表1.花費(fèi)costcostcost2.割cutcutcut3.傷害hurthurthurt4.讓letletlet5.放putp

3、utput6.朗讀readreadread7.設(shè)置setsetset8.打擊，碰撞hithithit9.關(guān)上門(mén)窗shutshutshut10.讓letletlet一、AAA.（原形，過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞一致）5.抓住catchcaughtcaught6.教teachtaughttaught7.建筑buildbuiltbuilt8.借出lendlentlent9.花費(fèi)spe ndspe ntspe nt10.派遣sendsentsent3）過(guò)去式、過(guò)去分詞-t替換原形-d4）過(guò)去式、過(guò)去分詞在原形詞尾加t或d11.學(xué)會(huì)lear nlear nt/edlearnt/ed12.意思mea nmeantm

4、eant13.燃燒burnburnt/edburn ted13.做夢(mèng)dreamdreamt/eddreamt/ed13.處理dealdealtdealt14.聽(tīng)hearheardheard1.帶來(lái)bringbroughtbrought2.買(mǎi)buyboughtbought3.打架fightfoughtfought4.想thi nkthoughtthought5.尋找、 探究seeksoughtsought二、ABB （過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞一致）1）過(guò)去式、過(guò)去分詞含有-ought2）過(guò)去式、過(guò)去分詞含有 -aught15.保持keepkeptkept16.睡覺(jué)sleepsleptslept17.掃s

5、weepsweptswept6）過(guò)去式、過(guò)去分詞改為-elt5）過(guò)去式、過(guò)去分詞改為-ept18. 感覺(jué) feel feltfel19.嗅smellsmelt/edsmelt/ed20.拼寫(xiě)spellspelt/edspelt/ed四、ABC （原形、過(guò)去式、過(guò)去分詞各不一樣）1）.過(guò)去分詞在過(guò)去式或原形后加 -n或-en20.孵蛋l(fā)aylaidlaid21.說(shuō)saysaidsaid22.支付paypaidpaid7）過(guò)去式、過(guò)去分詞改為-aid23.賣(mài)sellsoldsold24.告訴telltoldtold8）過(guò)去式、過(guò)去分詞改為-old25站sta ndstoodstood26.明 白u(yù)

6、n dersta ndun derstoodun derstood9）過(guò)去式、過(guò)去分詞改為-ood27.得到getgotgot(gotte n)28.坐sitsatsat29.照顧babysitbabysatbabysat30.離開(kāi)leaveleftleft31.失去loselostlost32.找到findfou ndfound33.有have(has)hadhad34.握住，召開(kāi)holdheldheld35.制造makemademade36.懸掛hanghunghung37.照耀shineshonesho ne39.贏winwonwon40逃跑fleefledfled41喂feedfedf

7、ed42.引導(dǎo)，導(dǎo)致leadledled43遇見(jiàn)meetmetmet三、ABA（過(guò)去式與原形一致）10）其它變化1.擊敗beatbeatbeate n2.破壞breakbrokebroke n3.駕駛drivedrovedriven4.吃eatateeate n5.落下fallfellfalle n6.給givegavegive n7.生長(zhǎng)growgrewgrow n8.知道knowknewknown9.吹blowblewblow n10.扔throwthrewthrow n11.展示showshowedshow n12.弄錯(cuò)mistakemistookmistake n13.拿taketoo

8、ktake n14.搖動(dòng)shakeshookshaken15.說(shuō)speakspokespoken16.選擇choosechosechosen1.變成becamebecomebecome2.來(lái)comecamecome3.跑runranrun1是be(is, am; are)was; werebee n2開(kāi)始beginbeganbegun3做：dodidDone4喝drinkdrankdrunk5飛flyflewflow n6忘記forgetforgotforgot/forgotte n7躺lielaylain8騎rideroderidde n9打電話ringrangrung10唱si ngsan

9、gsung11穿wearworeworn12游泳swimswa nswum13寫(xiě)writewrotewritte n14去gowentgone2）三種形式都有變化二、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)標(biāo)志詞：recently; recent years; these days/ years; lately; since; for+ 時(shí)間段； in the past few years; ever since; in the last five months; up to now; since then; so far; ever; never, yet; once; twice; already; before; j

10、ust already已經(jīng)):用于肯定句I have already posted the letter .yet(已經(jīng)):用于否定句,疑問(wèn)句He hasn t done hisnhiework yet.just （剛剛）They have just left.ever（曾 經(jīng)）Have you ever bee n to Beiji ng ?n ever（從不）I have n ever see n him .before（以 前）Have you see n the film before?si nee（自從以來(lái)）I ve worked in the school since 1999.f

11、or（長(zhǎng)達(dá)）He s lived in She nzhe n for 6eyars.in the past several days / weeks/ year在過(guò)去的 ）rece ntly（最近）I have not written to my parents recently.so far倒目前為止）So far she has lear ned 5 En glish son gs.up to now（到目前為止）this morning/month/year（今天早上 /這個(gè)月 /今年）已經(jīng)），yet（ 已經(jīng)）,引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間短語(yǔ)或三、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的用法1）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，并對(duì)現(xiàn)

12、在有影響。常與 already（just（岡【J剛）,ever（曾經(jīng)）等詞連用.Already , yet 的用法already:常用于肯定句中.yet: 常用于否定句，疑問(wèn)句尾.Some one has broke n the wi ndow.窗戶(hù)現(xiàn)在是壞的）I have already lost the key.（我現(xiàn)在沒(méi)有鑰匙）I haven t read that book ye不.1（解書(shū)的內(nèi)容）I have just clea ned my han ds.（手是干凈的）3）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示從過(guò)去一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，常與for, since從句連用.since , for 的用

13、法：since:（自以來(lái)）1）since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)He has stayed here since 5 clock.2）since+ 時(shí)間段 + agoHe has stayed here since 5 hours ago.3）since+ 從句for:（長(zhǎng)達(dá)）for+時(shí)間段He has kept the book for 2 weeks.She has lear ned En glish for 5 years.He has lived in Beiji ng since he was born .Have you stayed here since 3 o clock?四、have/has

14、 been to; have/has gone to; have/has been inhave /has been to曾經(jīng)去過(guò)某地，人已經(jīng)回來(lái)了have /has gone to去了某地，人還沒(méi)回來(lái)have /has been in去了某地并一直待在那我去過(guò)上海。I have been to Shanghai twice.-Where is Jim? -He has gone to En gla nd （尚未回來(lái)）I have bee n in Shan ghai for three years 我至 U上海已有三年了。1、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的完成用法現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的完成用法指的是動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去某一時(shí)

15、刻并已結(jié)束，但該動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn) 生了影響，與現(xiàn)在情況具有因果關(guān)系。例如：He has turned off the light.他已把燈關(guān)了。（動(dòng)作結(jié)束于過(guò)去，但說(shuō)明的是現(xiàn)在的情況-燈現(xiàn)在不亮了。）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)完成用法的特點(diǎn)是動(dòng)作不延續(xù)，因此，該時(shí)態(tài)只能與表示不定的過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)（女口： already， yet， before， recently 等）、頻度時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)（女口： never， ever， once等）、包括現(xiàn)在時(shí)刻在內(nèi)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ) （女口： this morning / month / year.， today等） 連用。例如：Have you found your pen yet ?你

16、已找到你的鋼筆了嗎？2、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的未完成用法現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的未完成用法指的是動(dòng)作開(kāi)始于過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻，一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，或可能 還要繼續(xù)下去。例如：He has lived here si nee 1978/he moved here 自從 1978 年以來(lái)，他一直住在這兒。（動(dòng)作起始于1978年，一直住到現(xiàn)在，可能還要繼續(xù)住下去。）I have bee n in the army for more tha n 5 years.我 在部隊(duì)已經(jīng)呆了五年多了。（動(dòng)作開(kāi)始于5年前，一直延續(xù)至今，有可能還要繼續(xù)下去。）此種用法的句中常需一個(gè)表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)（由since或for引導(dǎo)），或表示與現(xiàn)在時(shí)刻相連

17、的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)（女口： up to now， so far到目前為止）等。例如：I have heard nothi ng from him up to now.到目前為止我沒(méi)有他的任何消息。瞬間動(dòng)詞不能和時(shí)間段連用，瞬間動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)換成延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞：把動(dòng)作換成狀態(tài)動(dòng)作狀態(tài)動(dòng)作狀態(tài)diebe deadbeg inbe onborrow/buykept/hadend/finishbe overleavebe awayjoinbe inarrivebe heremarrybe married例如：他的爺爺已經(jīng)去世 2 年了。 His grandpa has been dead for 2 years.Nick

18、 參軍 3 年了 . Nick has been in the army for 3 years 他離開(kāi)深圳好長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了。He has been away from She nzhe n for a long time.這本書(shū)我已借了 4 個(gè)月了 I have had/kept the book for 4 mon ths.五、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的區(qū)別(1) 一般過(guò)去時(shí)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式，而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的謂語(yǔ)基本構(gòu)成是助動(dòng)詞have /has +過(guò)去分詞。如: The film started at 7 oclock. He has been a teacher for many years.

19、一般過(guò)去時(shí)通常與表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用 。如：yesterday, last week, two years ago, just now, in 2002 等 ； 而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)貝U常與 just, already, ever, never 等副詞和 these days, this week, since., for./since.ago/ up to now/so far等表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ) 連用。(3 ) 一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的事、存在的狀態(tài)或經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。說(shuō)話的側(cè)重點(diǎn)只 在于陳述一件過(guò)去的事情，不強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的影響。如：He visited Guilin in 1998.他

20、1998年參觀過(guò)桂林。(只說(shuō)明去桂林的時(shí)間)(4)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示 動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去，對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成了影響或產(chǎn)生了結(jié)果。不與確定的過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。一如：Jill has bought a new computer.吉爾買(mǎi)了一臺(tái)新電腦。(著重點(diǎn)是現(xiàn)在有了一臺(tái)新電腦)看看以下的幾組句子，有什么區(qū)別？(A) Have you seen the film?(B)Did you see the film?說(shuō)明你看過(guò)這部電影嗎？句強(qiáng)調(diào)的是被問(wèn)者對(duì)劇情是否了解；句強(qiáng)調(diào)的是看這部電影的動(dòng)作是否發(fā)生過(guò)，并不強(qiáng)調(diào)是否知道其內(nèi)容。(A) He has lived in Beijing for 8 years. (B) H

21、e lived in Beijing for 8 years.說(shuō)明他在北京住了 8年。句講的是到目前為止他在北京住了8年，可能還會(huì)繼續(xù)在北京住下去。句講的是他在北京住過(guò) 8年，現(xiàn)在不在北京了。一、抄寫(xiě)動(dòng)詞以及過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞。 TOC o 1-5 h z be-come-go-do-have-drink-give-eat-know-run-say-see-find-draw-_get-hearbuy-leave-_becomebreak-_bring-_build-_bite-catch-_choose-cut-fall-flyforget-growhithurt-keep-begin-_le

22、nd - 38 put -lose - 39 read -meet - 40 ring -二、用 for 或 since填空Mr. Brown has had his TV 15 years.I ve taken driving lessons lamsotnth.My sister has had her cell phone a month .My friends haven t visited me my birthday.We haven t used our car a long time .She hasn t had a good cup of coffee years.Tom

23、has worn glasses he was 7 years old.Jill has been in Ireland Monday.Mr. Jason has been in Paris three days.My aunt has lived in Australia15days.Margaret is in her office. She has been there 7 o clock.India has been an independent country 1974.Nobody lives in those houses. They have been empty many y

24、ears.Mike has been ill a long time. He has been in hospital October.三、改寫(xiě)句子，使原句的意思不變，每空一詞。The English professor arrived here about a week ago The English professor here for about a week .Her husband started to work on the farm three hours ago .Her husband on the farm for three hours .The French music

25、ian came to China last month , and he is still here .The French musician China for a month .He joined the army in 1985 .He the army 1985 .He joined the League half a year ago .He has been a League half a year .The bus left five minutes ago .The bus already for five minutes .The girl bought a new sch

26、ool bag in September .The girl the school bag since September .The shop closed last winter .The shop since last winter .The film began ten minutes ago .The film for ten minutes .The dog died two days ago .The dog for two days .The meeting ended last month .The meeting for a month .四、用 have/has been

27、to, have/has gone to填空： Where is your brother? He the shop. He ll be back soon. you ever to America?Yes, I New York twice.Here you are at last! Where you ? I London.David Australia. I m sure he s alarerraivdeyd.Is Benny here?No, he the school library. He left five minutes ago.五、用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空I (wait)

28、for him for two hours . I am very angry.He (be) a doctor since he was twenty.The film (be) on for fifteen minutes. you ever (read) that book before? you ever (try) to change her?No one (arrive) here yet. the bus (leave) yet?I (not talk) to him yet.I already (make) the bed.They just (go). They will b

29、e back soon.When you (meet) him ? Last night or this morning?She (not come) here recently .She (never see) the man before .I (meet) him before, but I forget his name.It is eleven o. Hecl_o_c_k (not come) back yet.He (write) five stories so far .She (be) a teacher for ten years , she likes her job ve

30、ry much.she (call) on you lately ?選擇題1、Both his parents look sad . Maybe they whats happened to him .A. knewB. have knownC. must knowD. will know2、He has been to Shanghai , has heD. stillD. a moment agoalready B. neverC. ever3、Have you met Mr Li ？justB. agoC. before4、The famous writer one new book i

31、n the past two year .A. is writing B. was writing C. wrote D. has written5、 Our country a lot so far .Yes . I hope it will be even .A. has changed ; well B. changed ; goodC. has changed ; betterD. changed ; better6、Zhao Lan already in this school for two years .A. was ; studying B. will ; study C. h

32、as ; studied 7、We Xiao Li since she was a little girl .A. knowB. had known C. have known8、Harry Potter is a very nice film .I it twice .A. will see B. have seen C. saw9、 These farmers have been to theUnited States . Really ? When there ?A. will they go B. did they goC. do they goD. are ; studyingD.

33、knewD. seeD. have they gone10、一youyour homework yetYes . I it a mome nt ago .A. Did ; do ; fini shedHave ; done ; fini shedC. Have ; done ; have fini shed11、His father the Party sinceA. joinedB. has joined12、 Do you know him well ? Sure .Wefriends sinceA. wereB. have bee n13、 How long have you here

34、?About two mon ths .A. beenB. gone14、Hurry up! The playforA. has begunB. had begunD. will ; do ; finish 1978 .C. was inten years ago .C. have becomeC. come ten minutes .C.has been on15、It tenA. is16、Miss GreenA.has gone17、My parents _A. have bee n inarmy .C. will to the library .B. we ntC. will go,Sha ndong for ten years .B. hav