人教版新目標(biāo)八年級下冊 unit 8 復(fù)習(xí)課件

1、Unit 8Why dont you get her a scarf? 重點(diǎn)句型Why dont sb. do sth.?2. How about結(jié)構(gòu)3. tooto結(jié)構(gòu)【重點(diǎn)詞匯】1. improve 作不及物動詞，表示“改進(jìn)，改善” 例如： His work is improving slowly.他的工作提高得很慢。 His health is improving.他的健康正在好轉(zhuǎn)。也可作及物動詞，表示“使某物改進(jìn)，改善”。例如： He studies harder to improve his English. 他更加努力提高英語水平了。This is not good enough.

2、 I want to improve it. 這還不夠好，我要加以改進(jìn)。2. remember v. 記住，記起I cant remember your name.我記不起你的名字。As far as I can remember，this is the third time weve met.我記得這是我們第三次會面了。 He is too old to work. 他太老了，不能工作了。The box is too heavy for the little girl to carry. 這箱子太重，小女孩搬不動。如在too前面或者后面有否定詞not，則整個(gè)句子表達(dá)肯定。如： This qu

3、estion is not too difficult to answer. 這道題不太難回答。 He is too clever not to see that. 他很聰明，不會不懂這一點(diǎn)。4. spendon在上花（時(shí)間或金錢） 如： He spends a lot of money on books. 他花許多錢買書。I spend half an hour on my homework every day.我每天要花費(fèi)半小時(shí)做作業(yè)。I always spend weekends with my family. 我經(jīng)常和我的家人一起過周末。spend(in) doingsth.花(時(shí)間或

4、金錢等)做某事。 如： The government will spend money looking after the patients.政府要花錢去照料那些病人5. instead 代替，替代 作副詞，常放在句首或句末Its too hot to walk，well go swimming instead.太熱不宜散步，我們改去游泳。 The girl stopped watching TV，she danced instead now. 那個(gè)女孩不看電視了，而去跳舞了。He is tired，let me go instead.他累了，讓我替他去吧。instead of后跟名詞、代詞或

5、動名詞，表示“代替，而不是”。例如：Hell go to Italy instead of France. 他要去意大利而不去法國。 Ill go instead of him.我將代替他去。He played the whole afternoon instead of doing his homework. 他玩了一下午而沒做作業(yè)。6. touch 觸，碰The branches of the tree touched the water. 樹枝碰到了水面。Visitors are not allowed to touch the exhibits. 參觀者請勿觸摸展覽品。native p

6、lace 出生地ones native language 本國語，本族語反義詞：foreign 外國的；外交的；外國產(chǎn)的；外來的8. increase 增加，增大，增多Travel increases ones knowledge of the world. 旅游提高一個(gè)人對世界的認(rèn)識。He increased the size of his farm year by year. 他逐年擴(kuò)大他的農(nóng)場規(guī)模。The population of this town has increased by10. enough意為“充足，足夠”enough作副詞，可用于修飾形容詞、副詞、動詞等，通常置于被修飾

7、語之后。I dont know him well enough to ask him for help.我和他不夠熟悉，不好請他幫忙。This room is big enough for five of us to live in. 這房間給我們5個(gè)人住夠大了。enough還可作形容詞，用于修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞，置于名詞前或后均可。Do you have enough time? 你的時(shí)間夠用嗎？We have money enough to buy the house.我們有足夠的錢買這所房子?！局仉y點(diǎn)分析】1. Why dont you do sth.? 這是給別人提建議，建議某

8、人做什么事情的句型。如：Why dont we come more often? 咱們?yōu)槭裁床唤?jīng)常來這里呢? Why dont you do it this way?為什么不用這種方法做呢? Why dont you have another try?為什么不再試一次呢?Why dont you buy a book for your father? 給你爸爸買本書怎么樣？這個(gè)句子還可以寫成Why not do? 如：Why not get her a camera? 為什么不給她買個(gè)相機(jī)呢？ 這個(gè)句型還有發(fā)出禮貌地邀請的用法。如：Why dont you have a drink of te

9、a? 請喝茶。= Why not have a drink of tea?2. How/What about? 表示“怎么樣/好嗎？” 這個(gè)句型是詢問聽話這一方對某事物的看法或者意見。about是個(gè)介詞，它后面要接名詞或者doing。如：How about his playing football? 他足球踢得怎么樣？What about swimming with us? 和我們一起游泳怎么樣？How about her English? 她的英語怎樣？3. When did Joe get it? 喬是什么時(shí)候收到的禮物？On his sixth birthday.在他6歲生日時(shí)。(1)o

10、n ones birthday表示“在某人的歲生日時(shí)”，要用序數(shù)詞。On his tenth birthday，his parents gave him a new bike as birthday present. 在他10歲生日那天，他的父母給他買了一輛新的自行車作為生日禮物。(2)介詞on表示“在具體的某一天或某一天的上、下午”。We will have a party on Christmas Day. 圣誕節(jié)那天，我們將要舉行一個(gè)晚會。4. Is it someone in your family?是你家里的什么人嗎? 句中it用來確指身份不明的人。如 -Who is it?是誰呀?

11、-Its me，Mary是我，瑪麗。-Who is at the door? 誰在門口?-Its the postman是郵遞員。(主語是who，身份不明，故用it指代)Mr Smith is at the doorHe wants to see you史密斯先生在門口，他想見你。(主語是Mr Smith，身份明確，故用he指代)5. The movie was boring，I fell asleep half way through it.這部電影令人厭煩。在放映了一半時(shí)我就睡著了。He is interested in science.他對科學(xué)很感興趣。The story is very

12、 interesting.這個(gè)故事很有趣。I was surprised at his answer.我對他的回答感到吃驚。The result is surprising。結(jié)果使人吃驚。(2)fall asleep意為“睡著了”，fall是連系動詞，asleep是形容詞，作表語。When he was reading，he fell asleep. 他看書時(shí)睡著了。6. In the USA，some people ask their families and friends to give money to charity rather than buying them gifts. 在美

13、國，一些人要求他們的家人和朋友把錢捐給慈善機(jī)構(gòu)而不是給他們買禮物。(1)本句中兩個(gè)to，第一個(gè)to為不定式符號，后為動詞原形，第二個(gè)to作介詞。例如：The teacher asked me to take the books to the classroom老師讓我把書拿到教室里去。(2)rather than表示“與其(不如)，不是(而是)”是連詞詞組， 當(dāng)主句有動詞不定式，rather than后可接不帶to的動詞不定式，也可以用動名詞形式。例如：(1)need在本句中作實(shí)義動詞，表示“需要”，有人稱、數(shù)和時(shí)態(tài)的變化，其后常接名詞、代詞或動詞不定式作賓語。Do you need any

14、help? 你需要幫助嗎？（名詞） I can give you some help. Do you need it? 我可以幫助你，你需要嗎？（代詞） I need to go right now你需要現(xiàn)在就走。（不定式） need表示“必須”，還可作情態(tài)動詞，沒有人稱、數(shù)和時(shí)態(tài)的變化，接動詞原形作謂語，直接加not構(gòu)成否定形式。只用在否定句和疑問句中。 例如： I neednt finish that work today.我今天不必把那項(xiàng)工作做完。Need you go right now?你一定得現(xiàn)在走嗎？(2)too much意為“太多”，用于修飾不可數(shù)名詞。There is too

15、 much time left. 還剩下太多的時(shí)間。8. Later，the same gift may be given away to someone else后來，同樣的禮品可能被贈送給別人。該句為含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)。give away表示“贈送，捐贈”是固定的短語動詞。 例如：He has decided to give all his money away to charity.他已決定把所有的錢都捐贈給慈善機(jī)構(gòu)。9. Twenty-four singers from across China recently competed by singing a number of po

16、pular English songs來自全中國的24名歌手最近通過唱若干首流行英語歌曲來比賽。(1)句中“by+動名詞”表示“通過某種方式或手段”，在句中作方式狀語。 I did not think she would do any good by coming over. 我認(rèn)為她過來不會有什么好處。 There is nothing to gain by waiting.等待將一無所獲。 He taught himself to play the violin by practising all night. 通過整夜練習(xí)他自學(xué)拉小提琴。(2)a number of表示“許多，大量，若干

17、”是量詞詞組，其后只跟可數(shù)名詞。The parents were invited to see the program，and a number“people came，too父母應(yīng)邀來看節(jié)目，不少人也來了。 There were a number of people out this afternoon今天下午許多人出去了。A number of accidents always occur on such days在這種日子里常常有事故發(fā)生。10. If there were new words in a song，I looked them up in the dictionary. 如

18、果在歌曲里有生詞，我就查字典。這是一個(gè)含有條件狀語從句的主從復(fù)合句。主句中l(wèi)ook up表示“(在詞典、書籍中)查找”。按照英語習(xí)慣用法，“查字典”為look up the words in the dictionary，不說look up the dictionary。另外，look up是“動副”結(jié)構(gòu)的及物的短語動詞，名詞作賓語置于副詞前后皆可，代詞作賓語要置于副詞之前。If you dont know the meaning of a word，look it up in a good dictionary如果你不知道一個(gè)詞的意義，就去查一本好詞典。 這是一個(gè)含有時(shí)間狀語從句的主從復(fù)合句

19、，主句中又含有兩個(gè)定語從句。hours和love既在主句中作forget的并列賓語，又分別是其后定語從句所修飾的先行詞。在前一個(gè)定語從句中，關(guān)系代詞that既引導(dǎo)定語從句，又在從句中作spent的賓語；在第二個(gè)定語從句的主語we前，省略了既引導(dǎo)定語從句，又在從句中作exchanged賓語的關(guān)系代詞that或which。主句中may用倒裝語序表示祝愿。例如：May you succeed!祝你成功!May you be happy!祝你幸福!May God bless you!愿上帝保佑你!as用作連接詞表示時(shí)間關(guān)系，用來引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，意思也是“當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候”，往往可與when或while通用，

20、但它著重指主句和從句中的動作或事情相并發(fā)生。例如：I saw him as he was getting off the bus當(dāng)他下公共汽車時(shí)，我看見了他。As he walked on，he felt himself getting more and more tired.他繼續(xù)往前走的時(shí)候，感到越來越疲乏。 As the day went on，the weather got worse隨著時(shí)間的推移，天氣變得更糟。I was coming in as he was going out.我進(jìn)來時(shí)他正出去。My pen trembles as I write it.我一邊寫，筆一邊顫抖。H

21、elen heard the story as she washed.海倫洗衣服的時(shí)候聽到這個(gè)故事。As I left the house I remembered the key.當(dāng)我們離開房間的時(shí)候，我想起了鑰匙?！驹~語辨析】1. spend，cost，take，pay表“花費(fèi)” (1)spend的主語必須是“人”，賓語可以是錢、精力、時(shí)間等 如：He spends much money on books 他平時(shí)將很多錢用在買書上。He spent a lot of money（in）buying a new car他花很多錢買了一輛新車。(2)cost的主語必須是“物”或“事”，表示“費(fèi)

22、用”、“耗費(fèi)”，后接life，money，health，time等，側(cè)重于“花費(fèi)”的代價(jià)。如：The book cost him one dollar 這本書用了他一美元。 It costs you 12 pounds to go to London by ship乘船到倫敦要用12英鎊。(3)take表示“花費(fèi)”時(shí)，其主語一般是“一件事”，有時(shí)主語也可以是人，它說明事情完成“花費(fèi)了”。如： It took me ten minutes to go to the post office到郵局用用了我十分鐘時(shí)間。It takes a lot of money to buy a house as

23、big as that 買一座像那樣的房子要花很多錢。(4)pay的基本意思是“支付”，作為及物動詞，賓語可以是“人”、“錢”，如：He paid the taxi and hurried to the station他付了出租車的錢，急忙向車站趕去。They had to pay two hundred francs他得付一百法郎。Well pay you in a few days幾天后我會給你錢。(5)pay for的賓語為“物”、“事”，for表示支付的原因。 如：Youll have to pay me ten dollars a week for your meals 你得每周付給我十美元飯錢。注意：下面兩句中 pay for的意義不同。Of course we have to pay for what we buy 當(dāng)然我們買東西得付錢。Dont worry about money；Ill pay for you別擔(dān)心錢，我會替你付的。 2. other與else兩者都有“別的，其他的”的含義，