車輛傳動綜合實驗報告

1、 研究生專業(yè)實驗教學(xué)實驗報告書實驗課程名稱：車輛動力傳動綜合實驗實驗指導(dǎo)教師：學(xué)院：專業(yè)及類別：學(xué)號：姓名：實驗日期：2014年10月日成績：一、實驗?zāi)康?.了解發(fā)動機的工作原理及發(fā)動機實驗的操作方法和流程；2.掌握發(fā)動機試驗的數(shù)據(jù)處理方法。二、實驗內(nèi)容對發(fā)動機試驗數(shù)據(jù)進行處理，繪制發(fā)動機在穩(wěn)態(tài)工況下的各種特性曲線圖，包括：1.繪制JL474Q發(fā)動機的外特性曲線；2繪制JL474Q發(fā)動機輸出轉(zhuǎn)矩穩(wěn)態(tài)圖；3繪制JL474Q發(fā)動機等油門下，發(fā)動機轉(zhuǎn)速與功率、轉(zhuǎn)矩輸出穩(wěn)態(tài)圖；4繪制JL474Q發(fā)動機負(fù)荷特性圖；5.建立JL474Q發(fā)動機燃油消耗模型；6繪制JL474Q發(fā)動機萬有特性圖；7.在JL47

2、4Q發(fā)動機萬有特性圖上繪制JL474Q發(fā)動機最佳經(jīng)濟燃油消耗線、最佳動力工作線。二、實驗原理1發(fā)動機的外特性曲線發(fā)動機外特性曲線是在發(fā)動機最好的工作狀態(tài)下能使發(fā)動機發(fā)出最大功率的情況下（油門開度100%時）測出來的發(fā)動機速度特性曲線。2發(fā)動機輸出轉(zhuǎn)矩穩(wěn)態(tài)圖發(fā)動機輸出轉(zhuǎn)矩穩(wěn)態(tài)圖是指在穩(wěn)態(tài)工況下，發(fā)動機轉(zhuǎn)矩隨轉(zhuǎn)速和油門開度的變化情況。3發(fā)動機速度特性曲線發(fā)動機速度特性曲線是指發(fā)動機的油門開度保持不變的情況下，轉(zhuǎn)矩、功率、油耗等性能指標(biāo)隨發(fā)動機轉(zhuǎn)速的變化規(guī)律。4發(fā)動機負(fù)荷特性曲線發(fā)動機的轉(zhuǎn)速不變時，其性能指標(biāo)隨負(fù)荷的變化關(guān)系，在測定負(fù)荷特性時必須保持轉(zhuǎn)速不變。（即：當(dāng)發(fā)動機轉(zhuǎn)速不變，而逐漸改變節(jié)氣門

3、開度，每小時耗油量B、燃料消耗率b隨負(fù)荷（Pe、Ttq或Pme）而變化的關(guān)系。5發(fā)動機燃油消耗模型發(fā)動機燃油消耗模型是指在穩(wěn)態(tài)工況下，發(fā)動機燃油消耗率隨轉(zhuǎn)速和轉(zhuǎn)矩的變化情況。6發(fā)動機萬有特性圖發(fā)動機萬有特性圖是指在穩(wěn)態(tài)工況下，發(fā)動機燃油消耗率在轉(zhuǎn)速和轉(zhuǎn)矩坐標(biāo)平面上的等高圖。7發(fā)動機最佳工作線發(fā)動機最佳工作線包括發(fā)動機最佳動力性工作線和最佳經(jīng)濟性工作線。1）發(fā)動機最佳經(jīng)濟燃油消耗線：由發(fā)動機的負(fù)荷特性曲線可以得到發(fā)動機的等油耗曲線。發(fā)動機最佳經(jīng)濟性工作點即為等油耗曲線與等功率曲線的切點。用求解發(fā)動機最佳動力性工作點的方法可以求得發(fā)動機最佳經(jīng)濟性工作點，從而得到發(fā)動機最佳經(jīng)濟性工作線。2）發(fā)動機最

4、佳動力性工作線：發(fā)動機最佳動力性工作點為發(fā)動機的等功率曲線與發(fā)動機扭矩曲線的切點，也就是扭矩曲線上功率最大的點。依次求出一系列油門開度下發(fā)動機最佳動力性工作點，將這些最佳工作點用曲線連接起來即得到發(fā)動機最佳動力性工作線。三、實驗記錄“長安之星”車用發(fā)動機特性實驗記錄實驗用發(fā)動機型號：JL474Q（1.3L）實驗日期：2000年6月7日1.發(fā)動機怠速實驗怠速檢查：（每30秒記錄一次，速度單位：轉(zhuǎn)/分鐘）實驗速度：777770765757760754750755745最低轉(zhuǎn)速：745最高轉(zhuǎn)速：7772.發(fā)動機功率實驗轉(zhuǎn)速(rpm)6002574754995250500647504500425639

5、9737473500扭矩(Nm)87.890.192.594.593.592.891.892.891.790.493.0油耗(Kg/h)20.0518.6718.6517.0316.9915.6213.4313.4011.7410.7411.11轉(zhuǎn)速(rpm)3253300227482504224719941754150412531016910扭矩(Nm)92.890.789.889.685.284.882.875.671.568.065.2油耗(Kg/h)10.529.858.678.006.655.945.364.443.602.762.463.發(fā)動機萬有特性實驗1、油門開度3%（800r

6、pm時實驗數(shù)據(jù)僅供參考）轉(zhuǎn)速(rpm)15131266993902856800扭矩(Nm)7.213.222.625.226.426油耗(Kg/h)0.930.921.080.920.920.852、油門開度5%轉(zhuǎn)速(rpm)2465226219981753150912401003906844扭矩(Nm)2.45.411.315.322.131.238.239.639.4油耗(Kg/h)1.381.401.461.441.351.331.291.271.243、油門開度10%轉(zhuǎn)速(rpm)45074258400337483515324329902750250822512003扭矩(Nm)2.7

7、3.85.18.311.614.818.021.026.831.138.5油耗(Kg/h)2.852.732.662.732.802.702.732.642.742.832.64轉(zhuǎn)速(rpm)1753151012471004910853扭矩(Nm)44.248.753.151.949.547.4油耗(Kg/h)2.572.342.241.991.791.694、油門開度15%轉(zhuǎn)速(rpm)599157535500525050104757450242604002375134783243扭矩(Nm)3.86.210.413.514.518.721.823.526.129.934.837.5油耗(K

8、g/h)5.715.355.805.345.014.654.434.484.444.374.414.32轉(zhuǎn)速(rpm)30062745249622561995175315121250985904856扭矩(Nm)40.845.149.651.154.156.659.457.553.653.552.8油耗(Kg/h)4.124.093.83.633.453.242.112.542.121.941.835、油門開度20%轉(zhuǎn)速(rpm)59995753550150064742449842434005374435023255扭矩(Nm)22.525.429.336.038.339.641.446.24

9、8.552.155.2油耗(Kg/h)8.467.948.337.477.356.256.086.205.925.695.50轉(zhuǎn)速(rpm)301427562510225720011762151012551007917852扭矩(Nm)57.158.260.263.264.064.664.660.866.063.360.3油耗(Kg/h)5.335.914.664.374.023.693.342.752.322.191.996、油門開度25%轉(zhuǎn)速(rpm)599557585515524549964751450342504002375334973250扭矩(Nm)41.144.348.551.4

10、54.558.062.659.962.964.667.569.4油耗(Kg/h)10.6510.4310.779.949.419.849.257.657.687.317.046.55轉(zhuǎn)速(rpm)301127582511225320041747150912571001901861扭矩(Nm)70.369.068.672.374.971.769.565.570.567.265.0油耗(Kg/h)6.345.835.364.874.584.033.382.892.772.572.407、油門開度30%轉(zhuǎn)速(rpm)599957415516524650034746449942544000375035

11、053251扭矩(Nm)58.161.965.168.471.872.673.875.575.776.976.777.7油耗(Kg/h)13.2712.9513.2312.1012.5111.5910.7110.819.78.947.667.20轉(zhuǎn)速(rpm)300127542508225420061753150012511000901857扭矩(Nm)76.775.979.676.776.874.873.571.569.266.164.0油耗(Kg/h)6.586.385.925.104.644.093.573.632.882.452.268、油門開度35%轉(zhuǎn)速(rpm)6001574854

12、99524349954743450342504003375235063254扭矩(Nm)68.871.774.678.380.079.780.581.781.483.585.480.8油耗(Kg/h)15.2514.9915.5914.0213.0313.5012.3511.0110.4610.569.747.55轉(zhuǎn)速(rpm)300027612501225320061760149712601000903851扭矩(Nm)79.077.879.677.280.281.377.772.068.566.666.4油耗(Kg/h)7.086.736.055.294.865.084.173.432.6

13、92.532.469、油門開度40%轉(zhuǎn)速(rpm)59965745549652434999474345024242400537543502扭矩(Nm)76.078.780.783.685.284.385.085.885.586.387.7油耗(Kg/h)16.8516.0716.8515.4914.5014.6113.2111.5711.2010.939.90轉(zhuǎn)速(rpm)3253300627522500225720041748150312551007908扭矩(Nm)87.886.785.586.483.285.682.276.771.467.967.7油耗(Kg/h)9.089.228.3

14、47.236.475.245.084.193.412.682.7110、油門開度45%轉(zhuǎn)速(rpm)59915748550352454997474545034247400637563494扭矩(Nm)79.282.385.087.388.488.387.788.788.588.390.0油耗(Kg/h)17.6418.4116.6315.6916.1814.6012.9112.7111.5310.289.37轉(zhuǎn)速(rpm)324629892745249722482008174015091245988894扭矩(Nm)90.588.687.888.585.086.083.177.772.067.

15、968.5油耗(Kg/h)9.758.678.657.466.376.085.154.303.372.611.5911、油門開度50%轉(zhuǎn)速(rpm)60085756550252485005475645084255399937583499扭矩(Nm)82.484.587.288.891.089.689.189.889.889.990.8油耗(Kg/h)18.4419.1817.5816.3416.9115.2313.1313.0111.9010.5510.04轉(zhuǎn)速(rpm)3254300527532510224519971493175512511008906扭矩(Nm)91.589.287.58

16、8.985.285.181.777.672.669.165.9油耗(Kg/h)10.0410.078.128.0166.695.574.824.483.652.902.5312、油門開度55%轉(zhuǎn)速(rpm)59985750550552345012475045044255400137543504扭矩(Nm)83.486.488.190.591.690.590.490.690.891.091.7油耗(Kg/h)19.6218.2318.6616.6515.8215.9713.4612.1112.2010.869.91轉(zhuǎn)速(rpm)3248299327502505225120011752149312

17、491009910扭矩(Nm)92.589.888.190.085.886.181.877.673.470.366.7油耗(Kg/h)10.099.178.177.496.935.794.814.253.752.992.5713、油門開度60%轉(zhuǎn)速(rpm)60085754549452435002474845104239400937463496扭矩(Nm)84.187.889.691.592.791.390.591.490.591.192.1油耗(Kg/h)20.2818.4018.1617.4115.8615.6914.2612.2911.4211.3910.29轉(zhuǎn)速(rpm)3246300

18、42745250619961743150312551012927扭矩(Nm)91.390.788.989.487.583.076.972.068.866.1油耗(Kg/h)9.459.538.447.396.025.234.393.482.732.5014油門開度65%轉(zhuǎn)速(rpm)60055750.5550552595005474545004250400537533504扭矩(Nm)85.888.891.192.494.292.591.892.490.792.092.9油耗(Kg/h)19.8619.2317.5718.0316.3615.0614.4712.4611.3511.4410.3

19、8轉(zhuǎn)速(rpm)324430052758250622452000174815061250995904扭矩(Nm)92.291.289.190.186.885.781.377.872.368.565.3油耗(Kg/h)9.449.588.477.397.005.786.084.553.682.822.4515、油門開度70%轉(zhuǎn)速(rpm)59965745550252444997474645064250400837553509扭矩(Nm)87.289.591.693.894.593.291.792.491.691.593.3油耗(Kg/h)19.2319.0618.4916.6517.0915.5

20、613.4613.2711.9510.6910.92轉(zhuǎn)速(rpm)3252299827522500224620071756150812521000910扭矩(Nm)93.790.690.990.586.386.082.377.772.669.065.3油耗(Kg/h)9.969.028.957.906.635.595.184.503.362.772.4916、油門開度75%轉(zhuǎn)速(rpm)59915749550052505994474745044247400537563503扭矩(Nm)86.991.092.393.395.293.392.293.091.392.493.5油耗(Kg/h)20.

21、1318.5219.1818.0016.0215.2914.6512.5611.4211.6010.35轉(zhuǎn)速(rpm)3254300427542500226320021756151312441002906扭矩(Nm)92.691.489.889.887.686.882.776.070.671.467.8油耗(Kg/h)8.809.698.507.417.085.975.004.163.493.032.6117、油門開度80%轉(zhuǎn)速(rpm)59915750550952474999475445004251399837463500扭矩(Nm)87.589.391.693.295.493.992.39

22、2.190.491.893.2油耗(Kg/h)19.4619.4318.5616.8117.2515.5314.5712.8211.3611.6410.67轉(zhuǎn)速(rpm)325029972752249522581992174515151258996905扭矩(Nm)92.792.690.890.786.887.682.376.073.570.366.9油耗(Kg/h)9.589.608.737.396.896.125.044.223.842.922.6418、油門開度85%轉(zhuǎn)速(rpm)60115752550352505004475444984247400337453501扭矩(Nm)87.7

23、89.791.992.794.692.692.492.490.890.893.2油耗(Kg/h)19.2520.1118.1317.5416.9815.1414.5713.1712.1010.8710.96轉(zhuǎn)速(rpm)3251300027472503225020061747150612571003892扭矩(Nm)92.790.591.290.886.585.382.575.871.868.264.6油耗(Kg/h)9.968.938.947.875.575.545.284.473.582.762.3719、油門開度90%轉(zhuǎn)速(rpm)6017574655125259499847414500

24、4252400737563501扭矩(Nm)86.590.191.992.994.492.891.692.090.791.893.2油耗(Kg/h)20.6519.6717.8718.2016.3815.2114.6012.5411.6510.7210.76轉(zhuǎn)速(rpm)3247299027472501224720051753149812471017910扭矩(Nm)93.991.890.491.286.685.581.176.172.869.666.7油耗(Kg/h)10.179.978.278.046.855.774.844.513.782.942.6020、油門開度95%轉(zhuǎn)速(rpm)6

25、0065755549452554999476245024246400837533544扭矩(Nm)86.289.192.293.294.693.690.691.589.690.992.0油耗(Kg/h)20.0720.2017.7817.5616.9215.1614.5912.6911.4411.5810.47轉(zhuǎn)速(rpm)3245300727562502225019991747150612471003902扭矩(Nm)91.691.189.288.185.985.180.874.170.070.366.7油耗(Kg/h)9.469.648.407.347.096.065.064.163.502.982.6021、油門開度100%轉(zhuǎn)速(rpm)60025747549952505006475045004256399737473500扭矩(Nm)87.890.192.594.593.592.891.892.891.790.493.0油耗(Kg/h)20.0518.6718.6517.0316.9915.6213.4313.4011.7410.7411.11轉(zhuǎn)速(rpm)3253300227482504224719941754150412531016910扭矩(Nm)92.890.789.88