年齡因素論文：年齡因素對二語習(xí)得的影響

1、年齡因素論文：年齡因素對二語習(xí)得的影響【中文摘要】近年來，越來越多的研究人員和教育工作者關(guān)注年 齡因素在第二語言學(xué)習(xí)過程中的影響。人們試圖解開這一謎題以利于 教育和教學(xué)工作效率的提高。因此，它也成為備受爭議的一個問題。 Penfield and Roberts在1959年最早提出臨界期假說的觀點，即語 言學(xué)習(xí)具有明確有限制的時期，而在這一時期后學(xué)習(xí)者學(xué)習(xí)語言就很 困難。這一觀點成為一個被普遍認(rèn)同的觀點。Lenneberg在1967接 受此觀點并加以發(fā)揮。由于這種觀點的普遍流行，越來越多的中國家 長很早就給孩子提供接觸英語的機會。作者聯(lián)系當(dāng)前我國外語學(xué)習(xí)的 這種低齡化的趨勢,認(rèn)為研究外語學(xué)習(xí)者學(xué)

2、習(xí)外語的起始年齡及其成 績的關(guān)系是很有必要的，這種研究可以幫助家長和教師針對孩子學(xué)習(xí) 外語的問題做出更明智的抉擇，以及在教學(xué)過程中采取更為行之有效 的策略和方法。作者的研究中,受試者的年齡較廣，其中有5到7歲的 兒童，也有平均年齡為16歲的高中生,還有已經(jīng)畢業(yè)30到35歲的成 人。作者分析了一個案例，做了一項調(diào)查和一個問卷調(diào)查，結(jié)果表明不 同年齡的學(xué)習(xí)者有不同的學(xué)習(xí)特點，外語學(xué)習(xí)者不同的起始年齡和英 語能力的確有關(guān)系，起始年齡早的英語學(xué)習(xí)者比起始年齡晚的學(xué)習(xí)者 在掌握英語能力上優(yōu)勢多。同時，作者也針對不同年齡的語言學(xué)習(xí)者， 提出了一些教學(xué)方面的建議,希望能提高教和學(xué)的效率。【英文摘要】Rece

3、ntly, more and more people pay attention to the age difference in the process of second language learning (SLL). Many studies consider this age factor as one of the most important factors. It has obviously become the focus of the researchers and linguists. The Critical Period Hypothesis (CPH), which

4、 is very famous, proves a limited and specific period for language acquisition. Penfield and Roberts first supported the CPH in 1959. Then Lenneberg also gave his support later in 1967. This belief was so popular that more and more parents send their children to learn English earlier and earlier.In

5、face of this low-age learning tend, the author holds the view that finding out the relationship between the starting age of language learns and their scores is very necessary. This study can help parents and teachers to make wiser choices for the students. What s more, it can also give a hand to the

6、 teachers to use more proper strategies and methods.There are many subjects with different ages in this study, including the children (5-7years old), adolescents (16-17 years old) and graduated adults (30-35 years old). The author studies a case, a test and a questionnaire in the study. The results

7、showed that different aging learners have different learning characteristics and there is strong relationship between the starting age of language learns and their English grasping ability. In other words, the language learners, whose starting age is younger, have more advantages than those whose st

8、arting age is older.Meanwhile, the author gives some suggestions on the teaching methods according to the learners at different ages with the hope of improving the efficiency of teaching and learning.【關(guān)鍵詞】年齡因素二語習(xí)得 學(xué)習(xí)策略臨界期假說【英文關(guān)鍵詞】age factor second language acquisition learning strategy CPH【目錄】年齡因素對二

9、語習(xí)得的影響Abstract 5 摘要6-9 Chapter 1 Introduction 9-141.1 Background andImportance 9-101.2 Factors Affecting Second LanguageLearning 10-131.3 Framework of the Study 131.4Summary 13-14Chapter 2 LiteratureReview 14-242.1 Review SLA 14-152.2 The CriticalPeriod Hypothesis15-182.2.1 Critical Period in FirstL

10、anguage Acquisition 162.2.2 Critical Period in SecondLanguage Acquisition 16-182.2.3 The Sensitive PeriodHypothesis 182.3 Studies at Home andAbroad 18-202.3.1 Studies Abroad 18-192.3.2Studies at Home19-202.4 Characteristics of Learners ofDifferent Ages20-232.4.1 Children LearnersFeatures 20-212.4.2

11、AdolescentsFeatures 21-222.4.3 Adults Features 22-232.5 TOC o 1-5 h z Summary 23-24 Chapter 3 Research Design 24-323.1Research Questions 243.2 Subjects 24-253.3Instruments 253.4 Data Collection 25-313.4.1Data Collection of the Case 25-273.4.1.1 Grouping theSubjects according to a Survey 25-263.4.1.2

12、 Analyzing anExamination 263.4.1.3 Deal with theData 26-273.4.2 Data Collection of aTest 27-283.4.3 Data Collection of aQuestionnaire 28-313.5 Summary 31-32 Chapter 4Results and Discussion 32-414.1 Results and Analysis ofthe Study 32-354.1.1 Results and Analysis of theCase 32-334.1.2 Results and Ana

13、lysis of theTest 33-344.1.3 Results and Analysis of theQuestionnaire 34-354.2 Discussions 35-364.3Suggestions 36-394.3.1 Suggestions for ChildrenTeaching 36-374.3.2 Suggestions for AdolescentsTeaching 37-384.3.3 Suggestions for AdultsTeaching 384.3.4 Suggestions for LanguageLearners 38-394.4 Summary 39-41 Chapter 5Conclusion 41-455.1 Conclusion 41-425.2 Problemsand Limitations i