工程詞匯(中英對照)

1、Page PAGE 125 of NUMPAGES 125工程詞匯大全一項目建議1.11項目 概況資格qualification預備資格prequalification商務條款與條件commercial terms and condition商務commercial技術technical技術說明technical specification建議書proposal book資料費information price 估價estimated price報價quoted price報價書quotation1.2報價資料工藝說明process description工藝特點process feature

2、經(jīng)驗記載experience record工藝性能process performance設備表equipment list說明，規(guī)定，規(guī)格specification簡要說明short specification條件圖sketch drawing流程圖flow diagram平衡圖balance diagram方框圖block diagramP&圖P&I diagram單線圖single line diagram布置圖layout 平面布置圖plot plan總圖general plot plan 附件appendix資料，文件documentation1.3合同技術用語保證guarantee性

3、能保證performance guarantee時間保證time guarantee交貨保證delivery guarantee建造保證workmanship guarantee生產(chǎn)能力capacity 質量quality消耗量consumption原材料feedstock原料raw material輔助原料sub-raw material產(chǎn)品product副產(chǎn)品by-product中間產(chǎn)品intermediate公用工程utility燃料fuel化學品chemical界區(qū)battery limits界區(qū)（進料）incoming界區(qū)（出料）outgoing界區(qū)條件battery limits

4、condition（配管圖）分界線match line工廠、裝置plant設備equipment關鍵設備critical equipment專利設備proprietary equipment有位號設備itemized equipment無位號設備non-itemized equipment散裝材料bulk material施工材料material of construction儀表instrument備品備件spare parts建筑工具construction aid（現(xiàn)場）居住設施accommodation現(xiàn)場派遣expatriate運轉率on stream factor運轉天數(shù)strea

5、m day系列train日歷日calender day日歷月calender month 機械（試車）完工mechanical completion試車trial operation初次試車initial oeperation開車start up注油oil in投料feed in首次出料first drop保證試運轉guarantee test run 裝置驗收plant acceptance移交turnover議定書protocol1.4估算估算estimate概算budgetary estimate推算slide冪指數(shù)power term（費用）分類、分項價格breakdown外匯fore

6、ign currency當?shù)刎泿舕ocal currency可兌換貨幣convertible currency專利費license fee專利權稅royalty變動專利權稅running royalty專有技術費knowhow fee基礎設計費basic engineering fee代理費agent fee手續(xù)費commission不可預見費contingency外匯風險exchange risk易貨風險compensation直接費用direct cost間接費用indirect cost項目管理費project expense現(xiàn)場管理費field expense一般管理費overhead

7、利潤profit生活費living expense出勤津貼daily allowance（出差）準備費outfit allowance勞務費labour cost基本工資base wage補償費payroll burden福利費fringe beneft1.5可行性研究可行性feasibility現(xiàn)場選定site selection（現(xiàn)場）位置location市場marketing可獲利潤profitability生產(chǎn)成本production cost經(jīng)營費operation cost可變成本variable cost不變成本fixed cost總投資total investment cost

8、流動資本working capital 固定資本fixed capital cost總資本total capital cost折舊費depreciation現(xiàn)金流量cash flow折現(xiàn)現(xiàn)金流量disccunt cash flow工況研究case study產(chǎn)權資本，自有資本equity建設資本利息interest during construction1.6業(yè)務范圍現(xiàn)場勘測site survey工藝設計process design基礎設計basic engineering基礎設計包basic design package詳細設計detail engineering采購procurement海

9、運ocean transportation陸運inland transportation安裝erection work土建工作civil work施工construction work 臨時工作temporary work投料試車commissioning培訓training（現(xiàn)場）指導supervisory service顧問advisory service初步設計preliminary project最終設計final project基礎設施infrastructure上部結構superstructure軟件software硬件hardware1.7工廠分類與設計處女地工廠grass ro

10、ot plant總廠integral plant分廠single plant成套裝置package plant 翻版（設計）廠copy plant生產(chǎn)廠commercial plant中試工廠pilot plant試驗室規(guī)模裝置bench scale unit石化總廠petrochemical complex下游（廠）downstream(工業(yè)）放大scale-up擴建expansion改建、更改modification鏡像布置mirror image設計余量overdesign降負荷運轉turndown清除瓶頸debottlenecking工廠模型plant model1.8設備工藝裝置pr

11、ocess plant裝置區(qū)內(nèi)on site裝置區(qū)外off site界區(qū)內(nèi)inside battery limit界區(qū)外outside battery limit公用工程設施utility facility貯存設施storage facility輔助設施auxiliary facility銜接interconnection主變電所main substation發(fā)電設施power generation facility事故發(fā)電設備emergerncy power generation facility水處理裝置water treatment facility冷卻塔cooling tower抽水設

12、備water intake facility海水淡化裝置desalination facility蒸汽發(fā)生裝置steam generation facility儀表空氣發(fā)生裝置instrument air generation facility惰性氣發(fā)生裝置inert gas generation facility空分裝置air separation facility罐區(qū)tank yard散裝貯存設備bulk storage facility包裝機械bagging facility制袋設備bag making facility裝瓶設備bottling facility裝貨設備loading f

13、acility卸貨設備unloading facility鐵路側線railway siding棧橋jetty行政辦公室administration building維修車間maintenance shop中央化驗室central laboratory內(nèi)部通信設施intercommunication facility廣播系統(tǒng)pulic address system尋呼系統(tǒng)paging facility消防設施fire fighting facility安全器具safety equipment生活設施colony公用設施townshop娛樂設施recreation facility1.9相關企業(yè)承

14、包商contractor主承包商prime contractor分包商subcontractor直接費用dicrect hire專利商licenser轉專利者sub-licenser專利使用者licensee專利擁有者patent owner競爭者competitor國際財團consertium合作者collaberator買方（1）buyer（2）purchaser賣方seller廠商vender制造商(1)maker(2)manufacturer業(yè)主owner顧問consultant技術顧問technical adviser用戶user最終用戶end user客戶（1）customer（2

15、）client代理商agent掛名人dummy二投標合同2.1投標概況詢價inquiry報價、估價書quotation/ estimation投標、投標書bid/ tender投標資料bid documents預審pre-qualification意向書letter of intent2.2合同用語協(xié)議agreement合同、契約contract注銷cancellation約定consideration合同轉讓assignment of contract不可抗力force majeure仲裁arbitration基本法governing law秘密條款（1）secrecy clause（2）n

16、on-disclosure clause預定損壞賠償費liquidated damages總倍償額度total liability連帶（債務）joint and several優(yōu)先債權l(xiāng)ien免除waiver 保證guaranty擔保warranty賠償indemnity定義definition增額escalation罰款penalty支付條款terms of payment稅金tax and duties侵犯專利patent infringement最高現(xiàn)額ceiling委任書power of atterney保證金bond2.3合同形式招標合同competitive bid contrac

17、t議付合同negotiated contractFOB合同F(xiàn)OB-type contract成套承包合同（1）turnkey contract（交鑰匙合同）（2）chef montage contract總付合同lump sum price contract單價契約unit price contract正價加附加費合同cost plus fee contract預投標協(xié)議pre-bid agreement產(chǎn)品抵債products sharing互購交易counterpurchase transaction三支付、金融、財務3.1支付、金融支付條款、支付條件payment terms延期付款de

18、ferred payment留存款項、保留資金retention money定期付款schedule payment施工分期付款progressive payment付款交單D/Pdocuments against payment承兌交單D/Adocument against acceptance信貸、信用credit賣方信貸，供應商信貸supplier, s credit買方信貸buyer,s credit銀行借貸bank loan財政、金融finance借款、借貸loan償還reimburse, reimbursement保證書letter of guarantee信用證、信貸證lette

19、r of credit 外匯兌換率exchange rate兌換單，匯票單據(jù)documentary bill of exchange匯款、匯兌基金remittance3.2財務自然增長基數(shù)accrual basis資產(chǎn)負債表，決算表balance sheet損益報表P&Lprofit and loss statement四采購、運輸、保險4.1進出口手續(xù)export licese出口許可證變更E/L amendCOCOMcoordinating committee標準結算方法standard payment非標準結算方法non-standard paymentDBCdraw-back carg

20、o出口申報銀行export declaration bank E/D出口申報單export declaration custom進口許可證import license進口申報單import declaration 保稅區(qū)域bonded area關稅import duty原產(chǎn)地證明書certificate of origin發(fā)票invoice4.2運輸裝箱單packing list提單bill of lading B/L指示提單order B/L直接提單straight B/L裝運提單shipped B/L, ON-board B/L備運提單received B/L不附帶條件的提單clean B

21、/L不潔提單dirty B/L,foul B/L直運提單direct B/L聯(lián)運提單through B/L船上收貨單mate,s receipt裝貨通知單shipping order s/o交貨單delivery order d/o空運貨單airway bill海上運費ocean freight海上運費同盟freight conference目的地付費freight payable at destination出港前付費freight prepaid碼頭工人搬運費stevedorage空載運費dead freight船到港預定時間expected time of arrival ETA船離港預

22、定時間expected time of departure海關快速發(fā)貨custom quick despatch 滯船費demurrage碼頭搬運商stevedore超尺寸運輸over-dimension cargo4.3保險海上保險marine cargo insurance現(xiàn)場指導失誤保險supervisor,s risk insurance4.4貿(mào)易條件出廠價（1）EX works（2）EX factony（3）EX mill海上交貨FOB-named port of shipment合保險海上交貨CIF-named port of destination國境交貨條件franco fro

23、ntier4.5采購采購procurement廠家vendor廠家一覽表vendor list市場價market price黑市價dark price現(xiàn)價up-to-date price level報價quotation偏差表deviation list到貨時間time of delivery支付方式（1）terms of payment（2）payment conditions（3）payment terms延緩支付deferred payment現(xiàn)金支付cash on delivery分期支付instalment payment預先支付down payment發(fā)貨前支付advance pa

24、yment到貨后支付progress payment計劃支付scheduled payment購買條件terms and conditions of purchase折價discount談判、交涉negotiation澄清clarification購買意向intent to purchase比較表tabulation評標evaluation價格分析value analysis訂購單purchase order變更訂購單change order支付方式method of payment現(xiàn)金cash 支票check期貨promissory note催貨expediting跟蹤系統(tǒng)follow-up

25、 system4.6包裝包裝packing防銹包裝rust-proof packing防潮濕包裝moisture-proof packing防水包裝water-proof packing軟包裝shrink packing木箱wooden box板條箱crate框架箱framed box滑撬底座skid base碼垛盤pallet側板side plate吊具sling fitting花藍螺絲turnbuckle鋼帶steel strapping角保護帶edge protecter closure plate保護角corner protecter板board合板plywood緩沖材料cushion

26、ing material通氣孔蓋ventilation cover 超載superimposed load開包unpacking船上標志shpping mark注意標志care mark五項目執(zhí)行及費用管理5.1項目執(zhí)行總圖會議kick-off meeting項目研究會議project study meeting開工會議launching meeting項目報告project reporting審查會議screening meeting進展報告progress report協(xié)調過程coordination procedure變更指示change order認可approval復閱review5

27、.2工程項目完工報告job close-out report項目執(zhí)行報告job performance report完工匯編close-out book反饋系統(tǒng)feed back system項目設計條件project design information會簽inter-department check工程設計engineering design工藝條件確認engineering review工藝條件校核engineering checking項目完成指標審核表project performance check sheet施工版approved for construction (AFC)設計

28、變更error report技術文件technical data book管道材料工藝條件process data for piping material荷載條件loading data關鍵路徑法critical path method關鍵路徑進度表critical path schedulingPERTprogram evaluation and review technique5.3費用及工時管理工程預算project control budget工時man-hour M/H工日man-day M/H人月man-month M/H考勤表time sheet工作號work number項目號

29、job number前期項目號propesal number改進工作improvement work閑滯idie工時報告man-hour report項目工時匯總job man-hours performance report5.4費用分類費用分類code of account主帳major account分帳sub-account設備位號item number5.5組織指定assign借調on-lcan項目成員project member項目經(jīng)理project manager項目經(jīng)理助理assistant project manager施工經(jīng)理construction manager開車經(jīng)理

30、operation manager現(xiàn)場指揮field manager項目前期經(jīng)理proposal manager估算員estimator原始購銷員originator協(xié)調員coordinator項目設計協(xié)調員project design coordinator六標準化，資料管理，法規(guī)，規(guī)格6.1標準化標準化standardization標準、規(guī)格standard工程規(guī)定engineer specification項目特殊要求specific job requirement工程手冊engineering manual標準圖standard drawing工程用表格engineering form

31、法規(guī)law and regulation法律law6.2資料管理情報管理information and documentation信息中心information center調研（追述）retrospective searching信息選擇服務selective dissemination of information 情報跟蹤current awareness檢索效率retrieval efficieney資料documents原文獻primary sources文獻摘要secondary scurces邊載刊物seriais定期刊物periodieals（學會）紀要memoirs會報tra

32、nsactions會議論文conference paper會議紀錄proceedings索引期刊index journal文獻期刊abstract journal情報摘要informative abstracts提示文稿indicative abstracts圖書目錄book cataing標題目錄title cataing總目錄union catalog標準目錄standard cutalog關鍵詞keyword省略詞stopwordKWIC索引keyword-in -conters indexKWOC索引keyword -out-of -context index順序索引penmuted

33、index相關索引coordinate index主題分析subjeckt analysis統(tǒng)計分類statistical classification國際十進分類法universal decimal classification借閱卡片visible card書卡book card檔案系統(tǒng)filing system微縮復制microcopy微縮系統(tǒng)micro-system微縮卡片fiche film6.3法規(guī)高壓氣體取締法high pressure gas control law消防法fire service law勞動安全衛(wèi)生法industrial safety and health la

34、w 建筑基本法building standard law單位制system of units國際單位制international system of units七工廠系統(tǒng)圖.設備布置圖.配管圖及材料統(tǒng)計7.1圖紙、條件圖工藝流程圖process flow diagram管道儀表流程圖process piping & instrumentflow diagram(PID)公用工程流程圖utility flow diagram(UFD)框圖block flow diagram公用工程介質平衡圖utility balance diagram平面布置圖plot plan立面布置圖general arr

35、angement總圖general plot plan規(guī)劃圖planning drawing 管道研究圖piping study drawing管道布置圖(配管圖)piping arrangement drawing分區(qū)圖key plan管道走向研究圖piping routing stuty drawing地下管道圖underground piping drawing管道特殊管件圖piping special parts drawing管架詳圖piping hanging drawing預制圖prefabrication drawing參考圖reference drawing通用圖typica

36、l drawing制造廠圖vender,s drawing管道軸測圖isometric piping drawing竣工圖as-built drawing模型model管線表line schedule計算書calculation sheet圖紙目錄drawing schedule發(fā)圖階段issue stage版次revision number編號體系numbering system比例scale工廠北向plant north海平面標高over-sea mean level標高elevation已有鋼結構existing structure裝貨區(qū)loading area公用工程站utility

37、station柱號column number凈空headroom通道access way小通道cat way鋼結構頂部標高top of structure elevation管底標高bottom of piping elevation主管口徑run size 頂平偏心異徑管eccentric reducer top flat中心到面的距離center to face工作點標高working point elevation管架標注nanging marking冷拉cold spring管線記號line symbol管線接口line connection物流號stream NO管線號line NO

38、.管道等級號(1)class designation(2)spec designation閥門號valve NO等級分析specification break重要管道critical piping總管header pipe儀表管道instrument piping排放管道blowdown piping火炬氣管道flare piping輸送管線transfer line入口管線suction line排水管effluent line旁通管bypass line吹掃系統(tǒng)purge system放空接口vent connection軟管接口hose connection雙切斷閥及排放閥double

39、block and bleeder污水溝sewer ditch冷凝液池condensate pit積水坑sump box漏斗drip funnel管段spool piece墊環(huán)spacer ring限流孔板restriction orifice流量噴咀flow nozzle液體混合用三通mixing tee噴頭spray nozzle粗濾器strainer臨時粗濾器temporary strainer疏水閥steam trap爆破膜rupture disk蒸汽伴熱管道steam-traced piping夾套管道jacketed piping地下管道underground piping7.2管

40、道要素鋼管steel piping螺紋端管threaded pipe法蘭端管flanged pipe鍛制的swage光滑彎管smooth bendU型彎管u-bend彎管bending pipe波紋管膨脹節(jié)expansinon bellows柔性管flexible pipe管件接頭pipe fitting joint機械連接mechanical joint活套連接lapped joint環(huán)形墊連接ring type joint擴口接頭flare type joint非擴口接頭flareless type joint承插連接bell and spigotvictaulic 接頭victaulic

41、 joint彎頭elbow異徑管reducer管接頭coupling活接頭union短管nipple法蘭flange配對法蘭companion flange法蘭蓋blind flange異徑法蘭reducing flange八字盲板（1）spectactle blind（2）reversible blind平板式法蘭plate flange帶頸法蘭hubbed flange對焊法蘭welding neck flange松套法蘭loose flange管端突緣stub end法蘭面flange face墊片溝槽gasket groove滿平面full face突面raised face大準槽面l

42、arge tongue and groove face雙凹凸面double male &female face大凹凸面large male&female face金屬墊片metallic gasket非金屬墊片non-metallic gasketsemi-metallic gasketO型環(huán)O-ring透鏡墊lens ring對焊butt weld承插焊接socket weld滑套焊接slip-on weld焊接支管臺 weldolet插入環(huán)insert ting 管帽cap材料表bill of material材料統(tǒng)計take-off管段表line bill of material估算匯總

43、表estimation summary sheet備品備件表spare parts list報價表quotation sheet訂貨單purchase order schedule材料匯總表bill of material summary狀態(tài)報告status report 分布報告distribution report價格、重量一覽表cost &weight summary價格、重量匯總表cost & weight total定貨管理表order control管道材料管理體表piping material control sheet元件代號item code標記號tag number標準形態(tài)

44、standard shape軸測圖isometric drawing管線號line reference批號batch reference管子下料表piping cutting list制作件表fabrication parts list組裝件表erection part list固定架anchor滑動架resting support導向架guide限位架directional stop減振架dampener支架support管托shoe保冷管托cradle鞍座saddle耳軸trunnion吊架hanger剛性吊架rigid hanger彈簧吊架spring hanger恒力吊架constan

45、t hanger閥門valve截止閥globe valve閘閥gate valve針形閥needle valve球閥ball valve止回閥check valve隔膜閥diaphragm valve三通閥three-way valve角閥angle valve蝶閥butterfly valve旋塞閥cock 伸長桿操作extension stem-operation鏈操作chain-operated齒輪操作gear-operated扳手操作wrench-operated電動操作motor-operated閥芯trim閥蓋bonnet焊接支管weld branch偏置offset焊接根部間隙w

46、eld root gap現(xiàn)場調整后在下料和焊接cut and weld after adjusting坡度slope工作點working point管架說明notes for piping hanging部門間校核版interdepartmental check print平端plain end坡口端beveled end管道連接圖piping hook-up drawing管道說明圖notes for piping drawing標題欄title block尋價單piping requisition sheet八配管及一般設備設計8.1保溫，保冷絕熱 insulation設備絕熱表equip

47、ment insulation schedule絕熱符號insulation code保溫設計design of cold insulation正常操作所用的保溫insulation for stable operating人身防護personnel protection防火層fire-proofing防結露anti-sweat防凍winterizing防音sound protection保溫材料 hot insulation material保冷材料cold insulation material石棉asbestos硅藻土diatomaceous earth巖棉r(nóng)ock wool玻璃棉gla

48、ss wool碳酸鎂magnesium carbonate硅酸鋁calcium silicate珍珠巖perlite軟木板cork boards毛氈hair felt泡沫聚氨酯foam polystyrene硬泡沫氨基甲酸乙酯rigid foam urethane硬泡沫橡膠rigid foam rubber瑪碲脂mastic耐磨損材料anti-abrasion coating material管殼lagging cloth鐵絲網(wǎng)hexagonal wire netting填縫材料caulking material保護層jacketing sheetcover sheet波紋鋁板corrugat

49、ed aluminum sheet有色鍍鋅鋼板precoated galvanized sheet搭板butt strapZ型接頭Z-joint8.2防腐涂漆色標colour-code孟塞爾色系munsell notation管道識別色identification of piping system防腐層external coating油漆paint清漆varnish防腐漆anti-corrosive paintrush-proof paint含鋁漆aluminum paint底漆primer耐酸漆acid-proof paint耐酸漆acid-proof paint耐堿漆alkali-proo

50、f paint耐熱漆heat-resisting paint測溫漆t(yī)hermo-paint絕緣漆insulation varnish表面處理surface preparation涂漆painting陰級保護cathodic protection8.3振動解析機械振動mechanical vibration自由振動free vibration強制振動forced vibration自勵振動self-excited vibration固有頻率natural frequency固有周期natural period波谷loop波峰node正弦振動sinusoidal oscillation非線性振動n

51、on-linear oscillation阻尼振動damped vibration臨界阻尼critical damping衰減系數(shù)（1）attenuation constant（2）decay coefficient（3）decay factor共振resonance扭曲振動torsional vibration撓性振動flexural vibration極限速度critical speed固有值characteristic value臨界條件boundary condition彈性系數(shù)spring constant慣性矩moment of inertia回轉半徑radius of gyrat

52、ion振動吸收裝置dynamic vibration abserber液壓減振器hydraulic damper彈簧減振器(1)spring dampener(2)spring damper油壓鎖定oil lock8.4耐振設計固有振動方式natural frequency mode卓越周期predominant period基本周期first natural frequency橫波transverse wave縱波longitudinal wave相對位移relative displacement質量比mass ratio靜解析法static method修正靜解析法corrected st

53、atic method動解析法modal analysis時歷響應解析法time history response analysis設計響應光譜design response spectrum加速響應光譜acceleration response spectrum地板響應光譜foor response spectrum標準響應光譜standard response spectrum加速響應增幅比acceleration response amplitude ratio剛性結構rigid structure柔性結構flexible structure長周期結構long -period struc

54、ture剛性框架rahmen rigid frame地震波earthquake accelerogram位移量記錄displacement record設計地震design earthquake設計震度design seismic coefficient地震earthquake 震源距離distance to centrum震中距離distance to epicenter震吸magnitude地震波顯示儀seismoscope地震儀seismograph耐振等級seismic class基巖base rock8.5應力分析外力external force內(nèi)力internal force反作用

55、力reaction force力偶couple of force彎矩bending moment扭矩twisting moment應力stress彎曲應力bending stress扭曲應力torsional stress圓周應力hoop stress峰值應力peak stress一次應力primary stress二次應力secondary stress軸向應力axial stress重復應力repeated stress脈動應力pulsating stress交變應力alternating stress應變strain應變能strain energy主應力principal stress主

56、應力理論principal stress theory最大剪切應力理論maximum shearing stress theory殘余應力residual stress熱應力thermal stress熱破壞thermal shock疲勞fatigue疲勞曲線s-n diagram疲勞極限(1)fatigue limit(2)endurance limit腐蝕corrosion fatigue蠕變creep蠕變疲勞creep fatigue尺寸效應size effect應力集中系數(shù)coefficient of stress concentration形狀系數(shù)shape coefficient缺

57、口系數(shù)notch factor應力強度系數(shù)stress intensity factor幾何慣性矩geometrical moment of inertia斷面系數(shù)modulus of section斷面極慣性矩polar moment of inertia of area揚氏模量young,s modulus橫向彈性系數(shù)modulus of transverse elasticity體積彈性系數(shù)modulus of volumetric elasticity泊松比poissor,s ratio彈性極線elastic limit屈服點yield point拉伸強度tensile strengt

58、h伸長elongation永久變形permanent set彈性flexibility彈性分析elastic analysis彈性屈服elastic buckling塑性plasticity塑變滯后plasticity hysteresis極限分析limit analysis彈塑性分析elastic-plastic analysis疲勞分析fatigue analysis有限元法finite element method靜荷載dead load8.6流體流動水錘water hammer急關rapid closure緩關slow closure沖擊波shock wave液壓振動acoustic

59、vibration of liquid flow脈動pulsation flow兩相流two-phase flow氣壓振動acoustic vibration 卡門渦街karman eddies顫動fluttering氣蝕cavitation8.7噪音噪音(1)noise(2)undesired sound聽力范圍auditory sensation area掩蔽masking背景噪音background noise聲強sound intensity聲壓sound pressure聲壓值sound pressure level噪聲值(1)noise level(2)sound level噪聲計

60、sound level meter聽覺校正回路weighting network音平loundness level音能sound power音能值sound power level總體值overall level90%范圍90%range中間值medianNR數(shù)noise rating number頻率分析器frequency analyzer倍頻帶octave band1/3的倍頻帶1/3 octave band波段值band level音場sound field方向性directivity方向系數(shù)directivity factor衍射diffraction聲源sound source房間