非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表格形式59333

1、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一動(dòng)詞不定式1.動(dòng)詞不定式的構(gòu)成：to+動(dòng)詞原形(這里的to是不定式符號(hào)，本身無(wú)詞義)否定：not+(to+)動(dòng)詞原形2.動(dòng)詞不定式的句法功能功能例句說明主語(yǔ)TospeakEnglishisnoteasyforus.=ItisnoteasyforustospeakEnglish.作主語(yǔ)用的不定式，常常用it作形式主語(yǔ)，而把不定式放在后面，其結(jié)構(gòu)為:It+be+adj.+(for/ofsb.)+動(dòng)詞不定式表語(yǔ)Myworkistocleantheroomeveryday.=Tocleantheroomeverydayismywork.多數(shù)情況下，不定式作表語(yǔ)，可轉(zhuǎn)換為作主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)Whats

2、portsdoesheliketoplay?Helikestoplaybasketball.只能作某些動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)，一般不做介詞的賓語(yǔ)賓補(bǔ)Mymothermademeplaythepianoallthetime.在make,let,see,hear,watch等使役動(dòng)詞后，不定式省略to定語(yǔ)Haveyougotanythingtosay?不定式做定語(yǔ)，要放在所修飾詞的后面狀語(yǔ)Imsorrytotroubleyou.不定式作狀語(yǔ)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)要和句子的主語(yǔ)一致.todo作主語(yǔ)常用it作形式主語(yǔ)例：TolearnEnglishwellisuseful.fItisuseful(forus)tolearn

3、Englishwell.注意：在kind,good,nice,clever等表示人的品質(zhì)的形容詞后，不用for而用of.一些表示命令，打算或希望的動(dòng)詞后只接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)：wouldlike,like(想要)，want,wish,hope,decide,plan,except等。例：Wouldyouliketooseeafilmthisevening?.在find,think后跟動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，常用it代替，而將真正的賓語(yǔ)放在句末。例：IfinditeasytoreadEnglisheveryday.常見的一些不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)Whynotdo,whydontyoudo,hadb

4、etter(not)do,wouldraterdo,could/would/willyouplease(not)do例：Iwouldratherstayintheroom.一些使役動(dòng)詞和感官動(dòng)詞用不定式作賓語(yǔ)，但to要省略。一感(fell)、二聽(hear,listento)、三讓(let/make/let)、四看(lookat,see,watch,notice)五幫助(help)，但變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)是必須加上to.例：Myfriendsweremadetoworkthewholenightbytheboss.不定式常和疑問詞what,which,when,where,how連用，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從

5、句。二動(dòng)名詞.動(dòng)名詞的構(gòu)成：動(dòng)詞原形+-ing.動(dòng)名詞的句法功能功能例句說明主語(yǔ)Eatingtoomuchisbadforyourhealth.謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式賓語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)Ilikeplayingbasketballverymuch.表示一般的習(xí)慣或抽象行為或經(jīng)常性動(dòng)作介詞賓語(yǔ)Stampsareusedforsendingletters.表語(yǔ)Hishobbyiscollectingstamps=Collectingstampsishishobby.多數(shù)情況下，動(dòng)名詞作表語(yǔ)可裝換成做主語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)Sheisinthereadingroom.只表明它所修飾的詞的用途、所屬關(guān)系等。至置于所修飾詞之前常跟

6、動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)的詞：完成實(shí)踐值得忙（finish,practice,beworth,bebusy）繼續(xù)習(xí)慣別放棄（keepon,beusedto,giveup）考慮建議不禁想（consider,suggest,canthelp,feellike）喜歡思念要介意（enjoy,miss,mind）三分詞1.構(gòu)成：動(dòng)詞+-ing動(dòng)詞+-ed2.分詞的句法功能功能例句說明定語(yǔ)Doyouknowthegirlstandingunderthetree?Pleasehandinyourwrittenexercise.現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)就是它所修飾的詞;過去分詞作定語(yǔ)，其邏輯賓語(yǔ)就是它所修飾的詞。狀語(yǔ)T

7、hestudentswentoutoftheclassroom,talkingandlaughing.Seenfromthehill,outschoollooksmorebeautiful.分詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)是句子的主語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)Thesituationisencouraging.Theboyistoofrightenedtomove.現(xiàn)在分詞表示主語(yǔ)的性質(zhì)、特征；過去分詞表示某種狀態(tài)（也就是我們常說的人用-ed，物用-ing.）補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)Dontkeepuswaitingforalongtime.Iheardhimsingingintheclassroom.Hellhavehishaircutafters

8、chool.現(xiàn)在分詞作補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，被補(bǔ)足的賓語(yǔ)或主語(yǔ)是它的邏輯主語(yǔ)（即主動(dòng)關(guān)系）；過去分詞作補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，被補(bǔ)足的賓語(yǔ)或主語(yǔ)是它的邏輯賓語(yǔ)（即被動(dòng)關(guān)系）四易混清單動(dòng)詞后接不定式和動(dòng)名詞的區(qū)別Istoptodosth.停下來去做-stopdoingsth.停止做rremembertodosth.記住要做某事（動(dòng)作未發(fā)生）1.rememberdoingsth.記得曾經(jīng)做過某事（動(dòng)作已發(fā)生）forgettodosth.忘記做某事（動(dòng)作未發(fā)生）Forgetdoingsth.忘記做過某事（動(dòng)作已發(fā)生）trytodosth.努力去做某事Trydoingsth.試著去做某事goontodosth.做完一件事，接著去做

9、另一件事goondoingsth.繼續(xù)不停地做某事allowdoingsth.允許做某事allowsb.todosth.允許某人做某事regrettodosth.對(duì)要做的事感到遺憾（未做）Regretdoingsth.對(duì)做過的事感到遺憾，后悔（已做）meanmeantodosth.打算，想做某事doingsth.意味著做某事meanmean二現(xiàn)在分詞和動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的區(qū)別我們常見的動(dòng)詞有see,watch,notice,hear,feel,have等，它們接不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式作賓補(bǔ)，表示已經(jīng)完成了的經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作；接現(xiàn)在分詞做賓補(bǔ)，表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行著。例：Iheardhimsingin

10、gintheclassroom.（“唱”這個(gè)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行）Iheardhimsingintheclassroom.（“唱”這個(gè)動(dòng)作已經(jīng)結(jié)束）三四五Need,require,want做“需要”解時(shí)，后加動(dòng)名詞主動(dòng)式等于加不定式的被動(dòng)式。三四五例：Thewindowneedscleaning.Thewindowneedstobecleaned.wanttobedone=wantdoingneedtobedone=needdoingrequiretobedone=requiredoing現(xiàn)在分詞與過去分詞的區(qū)別.在語(yǔ)態(tài)上，現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動(dòng)，過去分詞表示被動(dòng)（修飾人用-ed,修飾物用-ing）。例：t

11、hesurprisingnews令人驚訝的消息asurprisedman一個(gè)感到驚訝的人.在時(shí)間上,現(xiàn)在分詞表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,過去分詞表示已近完成的動(dòng)作。例：thedevelopingcountry發(fā)展中國(guó)家thedevelopedcountry發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家注意下列“to”是介詞，不是動(dòng)詞不定式。make（a）contribution（s）to為作貢獻(xiàn)devoteto獻(xiàn)身，致力于lookforwardto期盼,盼望preferto兩者間更喜歡beusedto習(xí)慣.;適應(yīng)Grannyoftentellsuswaterinourdailylife.A.saveB.savingC.tosaveD.sa

12、vesRichardturnedoffthecomputerafterhehadfinishedtheemail.A.writeB.towriteC.writingD.wroteBeforegoingtotheHistoryMuseum,ourteachertoldusthepublicrules.D.obeyedD.tohaveD.whatcanIuseA.obeyB.toobeyD.obeyedD.tohaveD.whatcanIuseJames,Imtootired.Letsstoparest.A.havingB.haveC.tohavingWecanuseQQtochatwithoth

13、erontheInternet.Really?Willyoupleaseshowmeit?A.howtouseB.whattouseC.howcanIuseWheresyourbrothernow,Bob?IsawhiminthestreetamomentagoandItoldhim.A.playing;dontdosoB.playing;notdosoC.play;todosoHi,Steve!Ourteacherstoldusanelectricbike.Itstoodangerous.Imsorry.Iwontdoitagain.A.torideB.notrideC.nottorideA

14、steenagers,wereoldenoughwithhousework.Wecanhelpsetthetable,washthedishesandcleanourownrooms.A.tohelpB.helpingC.helpedMarydancesbestinourschool.Iagree.Illneverforgetherdanceforthefirsttime.A.seeingB.toseeC.seeD.seenChineseathletesdidagreatjobintheWinterOlympicsinCanada.Itcanencouragepost-90s（90后）.A.w

15、orkhardB.workedharderC.workingharderD.toworkhardDontforgetanumbrellayou.Itsgoingtorain.A.totake;toB.taking;toC.totake;withD.taking;withNancyisreallyahardworkingstudent.Weoftenseeherbooksintheclassroom.A.readB.toreadC.readsAreyougoingtothepartyatSmithshomethisevening?IwillifIamfree.A.holdingB.heldC.t

16、oholdD.tobeheldMrs.Smithmadeherstudentsthecompositionsthreetimesaweek.A.writeB.towriteC.writtenD.writingDannydidallkindsofthingstomakethebaby.A.tostopcryingB.stopcryingC.tostoptocryD.stoptocryWehavetworooms,butIcantdecide.A.tolive;tochoosewhichoneB.lived;choosewhichoneC.tolivedin;whichonetochoseD.li

17、ve;whichoneTheteachertoldthestudentsanyfoodintothecomputerroom.A.nottobringB.notbringC.dontbringD.bringnotAtleast300millionpeopleareusingQQbyMaHuatengtochatonline.A.creatB.createsC.creatingD.createdTheteacheraskedBenadifficultquestioninclass.A.answerB.answeringC.toanswerD.answeredYoudbettertoomuchti

18、meplayingcomputergames.A.dontspendB.nottospendC.tonotspendD.notspendMoreandmoreyoungpeoplearetryingtodosomethingtheold.A.servedB.toserveC.serveD.servesIsJackinthelibrary?Maybe.Isawhimoutwithsomebooksjustnow.D.wentD.playing;mayA.goingB.goC.togoD.wentD.playing;mayDad,whyshouldIstopcomputergames?Foryou

19、rhealth,myboy,Imafraidyou.A.toplay;mustB.playing;havetoC.toplay;canHaveyouseentheTVplayMyUglyMother?Yes,itswellworth.ItsmovingthatIveseenittwice.A.seeing;tooB.tosee;enoughC.seeing;soD.tosee;suchWhynotyourteacherforhelpwhenyoucantfinishitbyyourself?A.ask;writeB.toask;writingC.ask;writingD.asking;writ

20、ingIfpeoplecuttingdowntheforest,theywillhavenowhere.A.keep;toliveinB.willkeep;toliveinC.keep;toliveD.willkeep;toliveHisparentsoftenencouragehimhard.A.workB.workingC.toworkD.worksA.workLastweekImetmyoldfriendLiMingbutIforgothimforhistelephonenumber.A.askB.askingC.andaskD.toaskLastweekendIwenttothelib

21、rarysomebooksonhowtoprotectenvironment.D.borrowingD.feelD.beingnotD.ofyoudrawingD.borrowingD.feelD.beingnotD.ofyoudrawing_oldonesinthewestHowdoyoufeelwhenyouwatchthenationalflaggoup?Itmakesmeveryproud.A.feltB.tofeelC.feelingTheboypromisedlateforschoolagain.A.tonotbeB.nottobeC.notbeingItsverynicepicturesforme.A.ofyoudodrawB.foryoutodrawC.foryoudrawingChinawillspendabout52billionyuannewairportsandofChinainthe11thFiveYearPlanperiod.（時(shí)期）A.repairing;buildingB.tobuild;repairC.building;rep