小升初英語-第七章-閱讀理解

1、第七章 閱讀理解知識梳理 閱讀理解題的解題步驟閱讀理解題主要考查學生的認知、閱讀、理解能力以及判斷分析和邏輯推理能力。閱讀理解是提高英語整體能力的重要有效途徑。 閱讀是理解的基礎，因此，要大量地閱讀不同的題材的文章，在逐步加快閱讀速度的同時，也能掌握更多的閱讀技巧。閱讀可以按以下幾步進行： 1. 通讀全文，掌握文章大意。2. 仔細閱讀問題，帶著問題在文中找到相應的語句，獲取關鍵信息，并畫線、標號、圈重點，將可從短文中直接獲取的答案找出來，并選出選項。3. 分析、判斷、對比，選出選項中符合題意的正確答案。 4. 如遇生詞，在平時訓練的時候，可將關鍵詞拿到字典中去查閱，并做好單詞積累；考試的時候，

2、盡可能地根據(jù)上下文猜測詞意，理解文章。 考點精析考點1 考查閱讀短文，然后單項填空【例1】閱讀短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，選出正確的選項。 One day， Mr and Mrs White go shopping by car. They stop their car near a shop. They buy many things from the shop. And the things are very heavy， so they want to put them in their car. But Mr White cant open the door of the car. “Lets

3、 ask a policeman for help，” says Mrs White. They ask a policeman to help them. The policeman is very friendly to help them open the door of the car. At that time， a man comes up and shouts， “What are you doing with my car？” Mr and Mrs White look at the number of the car， then they say sorry to the m

4、an. ( )1. Mr and Mrs White go shopping . A.by bike B. by bus C. by car( )2. They want to . A.put the heavy things into their car B.carry the things home C. ask a policeman to carry the things for them ( )3. Mr White cant open the door of the car . A.but Mrs White can B. but a policeman can C. but so

5、on they open it( )4. helps them open the door of the car. A. An old man B. A young woman C. A policeman( )5. They look at and they know they are wrong. A. the policeman B. the man C. the number of the car 解析：這是最常見的一種閱讀理解的題型，根據(jù)前面的方法介紹，先讀故事，找出故事發(fā)生的人物、時間、地點以及故事的起因、經(jīng)過、結果等要素，然后對照下面每小題的選項，逐步分析，選擇答案。 第1、2小

6、題可以直接從短文中獲取答案；第3小題考查Mr White 不能直接打開門之后發(fā)生的事情，短文中有一句“The policeman is very friendly to help them open the door of the car.”說明了policeman 幫他們打開了車門，這也是第4小題的答案；第5小題前面部分在短文中可以找到原文，也是一個簡單題。 答案：1. C2.A3.B4. C5. C 考點2 考查閱讀短文，然后判斷對錯【例2】閱讀短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，判斷下列句子的正(T)誤(F)。Dear Gao Shan， Im writing to you in my bedroom.

7、 I miss you and the other classmates in the USA. Im studying in a primary school in Atlanta(亞特蘭大). Im not good at English. My friend Tim is from England. He often helps me with my English. And I teach him Chinese. All of my classmates here are from different countries. Peter is English. David is Aus

8、tralian. Nancy is American. Shes from New York. Mr Black is my teacher. Hes from Canada. My good friend， Chen Jie and Wu Yifan are Chinese， too. Theyre from Hong Kong. Were from different countries， but we are friends. I will come back this Spring Festival.Yours， Liu Tao( )1. Liu Tao is American. (

9、)2. Liu Tao often teaches Tim Chinese. ( )3. Peter and David are from the same country. ( )4. Mr Black isnt Chinese. Hes Japanese. ( )5. Now Liu Tao and his classmates are in America. 解析： 判斷對錯的題在短文閱讀中是相對簡單的一個題型，但是判斷句和原文的不同，常常只在細節(jié)之處呈現(xiàn)，如人名、時間、地點、性別等，甚至是一個單詞的不同，細心是做這種題的關鍵。另外，本題考查學生對幾個常見的國家和國人的名詞的掌握情況。學

10、生對這方面的內(nèi)容要有所涉及有所掌握。 答案：1. F2. T3. F4. F5. T 考點3 考查閱讀短文，然后回答問題【例3】閱讀短文，回答下列問題。 Once， Goethe(歌德)， the great German poet(詩人)， was walking in a park. He was thinking about something when he noticed(意識到) he came to a very， very narrow road. Just at that time， a young man came towards him from the other en

11、d of the road. It was too narrow for both of them to pass through at the same time. They stopped and looked at each other for a while. Then the young man said rudely(粗魯?shù)?， “I never make way(讓路) for a fool.” But Goethe smiled and said， “I always do.” Then he turned back quickly and walked towards the

12、 end of the road. 1. Where was Goethe walking？ _2. Who came towards Goethe from the other end of the road？ _3. Was the road too narrow for both of them to pass through at the same time？ _4. Did the young man make way for Goethe？ _5. Who turned back quickly and walked towards the end of the road？_ 解析： 做此類題，要倒轉(zhuǎn)過來看，先讀題目，然后再帶著問題，通讀全文，把握文章的意思，再研究和問題相關的句子或關鍵詞，哪怕是可以找到答案的原文，也不主張全句照搬、抄寫。而是要做到緊扣問題，簡單明了地回答，可能的話，避開語法點，降低錯誤率，從而減少失分率。本題難度較大，講的是大詩人歌德讓路的一個故事，其中對白部分：The young man said rudely， “I never make way for a fool.” But Goethe smiled and said， “I always do.” 是本篇短文的難點所在。仔細分析 but 一詞，以及I always do. 的意思，