新人教版高中英語課件-Unit-3-Period-Three-Grammar

1、Food and CultureUnit 3英語24字整體教學(xué)Period ThreeGrammarThe past perfect tense and The past perfect passive voice達(dá)標(biāo)檢測 當(dāng)堂檢測 基礎(chǔ)達(dá)標(biāo)演練語法導(dǎo)學(xué) 感悟規(guī)律 重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)剖析內(nèi)容索引感知以下課文原句，補(bǔ)全方框下的小題1.Prior to coming to China，my only experience with Chinese cooking was in America，with Chinese food that had been changed to suit American t

2、astes.2.When my family and I had just arrived in China，we went looking for a good place to eat in Beijing.3.A Sichuan restaurant had been recommended to us by a friend，and finally，we found it.語法感知語 法 導(dǎo) 學(xué)感悟規(guī)律 重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)剖析4.Tired，hungry，and not knowing a word of Chinese，we had no idea how to order，so the ch

3、ef just began filling our table with the best food we had ever eaten.1.以上句子中所用的時態(tài)都是 。2.句2和句4中使用的是過去完成時態(tài)的 語態(tài)，其基本結(jié)構(gòu)是_ 。3.句1和句3中使用的是過去完成時態(tài)的 語態(tài)，其基本結(jié)構(gòu)是_ 。過去完成時had過去分詞主動被動hadbeen過去分詞過去完成時及其被動語態(tài)1.概念：過去完成時表示在過去某一時間或動作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成了的動作，即“過去的過去”。語法精析2.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：(1)肯定結(jié)構(gòu)：主語had (been) done其他成分(2)否定結(jié)構(gòu)：主語had not (been) don

4、e其他成分(3)疑問句結(jié)構(gòu)：Had主語(been) done其他成分？疑問詞had主語(been) done其他成分？3.基本用法(1)表示在過去某一時間或動作以前完成了的動作，即“過去的過去”?？梢杂胋y，before等介詞短語或一個時間狀語從句來表示，也可以用一個表示過去的動作來表示，還可以通過上下文來表示。By nine oclock last night，we had got 200 pictures from the spaceship.到昨晚9點(diǎn)鐘，我們已經(jīng)收到200 張飛船發(fā)來的圖片。The classroom hadnt been cleaned before the teac

5、her came.老師到來前教室還未打掃。(2)表示由過去的某一時刻開始，一直延續(xù)到過去另一時間的動作或狀態(tài)，常和for，since引導(dǎo)的時間狀語連用。I had been at the bus stop for 20 minutes when a bus finally came.當(dāng)車來的時候，我在車站已經(jīng)等了20分鐘。It is reported that more than 3,000 people had been killed since the disease broke out.據(jù)報(bào)道，自從疾病爆發(fā)以來，已經(jīng)有3 000多人喪生。(3)敘述過去發(fā)生的事情，在已敘述了過去發(fā)生的事情

6、后，反過來追述或補(bǔ)述以前發(fā)生的動作時，常使用過去完成時。Mr Smith died yesterday.He had been a good friend of mine.史密斯先生昨天去世了。他以前是我的好朋友。They became homeless again，for their house had been destroyed in the earthquake.他們又一次無家可歸了，因?yàn)樗麄兊姆孔釉诘卣鹬斜粴У袅恕?4)在含有定語從句的主從復(fù)合句中，如果敘述的是過去的事，先發(fā)生的動作常用過去完成時。I returned the book that I had borrowed fro

7、m the library.我已歸還了我從圖書館借的書。She was pleased with the dessert that had been made by her grandmother.她很喜歡外婆做的甜點(diǎn)。(5)過去完成時常常用在told，said，knew，heard，thought等動詞后的賓語從句(或間接引語)中，這時從句中的動作發(fā)生在主句表示的過去的動作之前。I thought I had sent the letter a week before.我認(rèn)為我一星期前就把信寄出去了。The boy was reminded that his homework had not

8、 been handed in.這個小男孩被提醒還未交作業(yè)。(6)狀語從句：在過去不同時間發(fā)生的兩個動作中，發(fā)生在前，用過去完成時；發(fā)生在后，用一般過去時。如when，before，after，as soon as，till/until引導(dǎo)的從句。When I woke up，it had already stopped raining.我醒來時雨已停了。She didnt go to bed until all her work had been finished.直到所有工作做完之后她才去睡覺。注意：如果兩個動作緊接著發(fā)生，則常常不用過去完成時，特別是在含有before和after的復(fù)合句

9、中，因?yàn)檫@時從句的動作和主句的動作發(fā)生的先后順序已經(jīng)非常明確，這時可以用一般過去時代替過去完成時。After he arrived in England，Marx worked hard to improve his English.馬克思到達(dá)英格蘭之后，努力提高他的英語水平。(7)動詞think，want，hope，mean，plan，intend等用過去完成時來表示過去未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的想法、希望、打算或意圖等。They had wanted to help but could not get there in time.他們本來打算去幫忙，但沒有及時趕到那里。We had hoped to be

10、 able to come and see you.我們本來希望能來看看你。(8)過去完成時還可用在hardly.when.，no sooner.than.，It was the first (second，etc.) time (that).等固定句型中。Hardly had he begun to speak when he was interrupted by the audience.他剛開始演講，聽眾就打斷了他。It was the third time that he had been out of work that year.這是他那一年第三次失業(yè)了。4.過去完成時的語法判定(

11、1)由時間狀語來判定一般說來，各種時態(tài)都有特定的時間狀語。與過去完成時連用的時間狀語有：by過去的時間點(diǎn)I had finished reading the novel by nine oclock last night.到昨天晚上九點(diǎn)，我已經(jīng)讀完了那本小說。by the end of過去的時間點(diǎn)More than three thousand English words had been learned by the end of last term.到上學(xué)期末已經(jīng)學(xué)習(xí)了三千多個英語單詞了。before過去的時間點(diǎn)More than six hundred trees had been pl

12、anted before last Wednesday.在上周三前已經(jīng)種了600多棵樹了。(2)由“過去的過去”來判定過去完成時表示“過去的過去”，是指過去某一動作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成的動作，即動作有先后關(guān)系，動作在前的用過去完成時，在后的用一般過去時。這種用法常出現(xiàn)在賓語從句中。當(dāng)賓語從句的主句為一般過去時，且從句的動作先于主句的動作時，從句要用過去完成時。如told，said，knew，heard，thought等動詞后的賓語從句。I heard that she had been offered a well-paid job in a foreign company.我聽說她已經(jīng)在國外一

13、家公司得到了一份收入豐厚的工作。巧學(xué)妙記過去完成時記憶口訣had加上“過去分”，構(gòu)成過去完成時。過去完成的意義，也表“完成”或“延續(xù)”。若有主、從兩個句，先后動作分別敘。哪個在先哪“完成”，哪個在后哪“過去”。5.過去完成時與一般過去時的區(qū)別 雖然這兩種時態(tài)都表示過去發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，但在使用時應(yīng)注意以下幾點(diǎn)： (1)時間狀語不同：過去完成時在時間上強(qiáng)調(diào)“過去的過去”；而一般過去時只強(qiáng)調(diào)過去某一特定的時間。試比較： They had arrived at the station by ten yesterday.昨天10點(diǎn)前他們已經(jīng)到達(dá)了車站。They arrived at the st

14、ation at ten yesterday.他們昨天10點(diǎn)到達(dá)了車站。(2)在沒有明確的過去時間狀語作標(biāo)志時，謂語動詞動作發(fā)生的時間先后須依據(jù)上下文來判斷：先發(fā)生的用過去完成時，后發(fā)生的則用一般過去時。如：She and the whole family were very happy.She had just won the first in the composition competition.她和全家人都非常高興。她剛剛在作文比賽中獲得了第一名。(3)當(dāng)兩個或兩個以上接連發(fā)生的動作用 and 或 but 連接時，按時間順序，只需用一般過去時來代替過去完成時；另外，在 before，a

15、fter，as soon as引導(dǎo)的從句中，由于這些連詞本身已經(jīng)表示出時間的先后，因此也可以用過去時來代替過去完成時。如：He entered the room，turned on the light and began to read an evening paper.他進(jìn)入房間，打開燈，然后開始閱讀晚報(bào)。返 回.單句語法填空1.Alan Greenspan had to admit that he (make) some serious mistakes.2.Arthur was unhappy because some of his animals (die).3.I was sent

16、to the village last month to see how the development plan _ (carry) out in the past two years.4.This Monday morning I was informed I (choose) as one of three exchange students from our college.5.I (expect) the operation to be painful，but I didnt feel a thing.達(dá) 標(biāo) 檢 測當(dāng)堂檢測 基礎(chǔ)達(dá)標(biāo)演練had madehad diedhad bee

17、ncarriedhad been chosenhad expected6.When the hurricane ended，several buildings in the town (fall) down.7.She returned home and (find) all her furniture _(ruin) by the flood.8.When she woke up，she found that her house (destroy) by the thunderstorm.9.A local radio said that several eruptions (take) p

18、lace in the previous twenty years.10.I (hope) to send Peter a gift to congratulate him on his marriage，but I couldnt manage it.had fallenfoundhad been ruinedhad been destroyedhad takenhad hoped.用括號內(nèi)單詞的正確時態(tài)完成下面短文A cow and a fox went out to search for food together.They 11. (go) only a few miles before they saw a lion coming their way.They were both very frightened.The fox 12. (think) of a way of saving his own life，and went up