【高中英語公開課】英語閱讀理解精華課件(共3個)

1、閱讀技能訓(xùn)練 猜測詞義How to guess the meaning of words?Luley閱讀技能訓(xùn)練LuleyGuessing gameGuessing gamePenguin pngwn The penguin is a kind of animalThe penguin is a kind of sea birdThe penguin is a kind of sea bird living in the South Pole (南極).It is fat and walks in funny wayPenguin pngwn The pengu Most kinds of c

2、rabs live in the water.crab krb It is a kind of animal.It has a hard shell .It has eight legs.It is very delicious after being cooked. Most kinds of crabs live in If you meet new words while working on test papers, what will you do ? Guess the meaningHow ?If you meet new words while wo1. I will not

3、make friends with a dishonest person.2. When the little boy finished, his father was speechless.3. If some athletes use drugs, it is unfair to the others.1 根據(jù)構(gòu)詞法猜詞 首先要熟悉基本的構(gòu)詞法及其規(guī)律, 其次要掌握一定的詞根和詞綴。如:un-,im-, mis-, -less, -ness等。小結(jié)dis+honestspeech+lessun+fair1. I will not make friends wit1. It will be

4、very hard but also very brittle that is , it will break easily. 2. The purpose of the campaign was to catch “ringers”, students who take tests for other students. 3. A calendar is a list of the days, weeks, months of a particular year.2 根據(jù)釋義猜詞 釋義常由定語從句或由is, or, that is (to say), in other words, be c

5、alled，be known as等詞匯或破折號來表示。 小結(jié)易碎的冒名替考者日歷britl1. It will be very hard but al小試身手祝功成你!1. Finally the enemy surrendered srend . They threw down their guns and walked out of the home with their hands over their heads. 2.The herdsman, h:dzmn who looks after sheep, earns about 650 yuan a year.小試身手祝功成你! 3

6、 根據(jù)同義詞關(guān)系猜詞 Like clever David, Richard may be intelligent.2. Your ideas are so nebulous that they are not clear to me. 小結(jié) and , or , like, sothat常連接同義詞組 。聰明的 不清楚的 3 根據(jù)同義詞關(guān)系猜詞 Like clever DavidHave a try!祝功成你!1. Although people in many countries consider raw meat delicious, we Chinese people seldom ea

7、t any meat that is uncooked.2. Children often try to emulate, or copy the behavior that they see on television.Have a try!祝功成你! 4 根據(jù)對比和轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系表轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的詞常有but, while, however, instead of , rather than , unlike, yet, though , tooto等。小結(jié)熱的勤奮的1. Although the early morning had been very cold, the noonday sun wa

8、s tropical trpikl . 2. Tom is lazy, but his brother industrious. indstris 4 根據(jù)對比和轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系表轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的詞常有but, wh1. John usually wastes a lot of money on such useless things, however, his wife is very thrifty.2. His shirt was clean, but his shoes were grubby.小試身手祝功成你!1. John usually wastes a lot 1.The clock is

9、so accurate that it will never lose a second in more than 200 million years. 2. All his attempts to unlock the door was futile, because she was using the wrong key.徒勞的，無效的5 根據(jù)因果關(guān)系猜詞精確的小結(jié)常用關(guān)聯(lián)詞如: because，as，since，for，so，as a result, so, so that, such that 等表示前因后果。 1.The clock is so accurate tha 6 根據(jù)生活

10、常識或經(jīng)驗 1. In the old days, when girls from rich families were married to their husbands, they expected to bring with themselves plenty of dowry. 2. But sometimes, no rain falls for a long, long time. Then there will be a drought.3. The snake slithered through the grass.嫁妝旱災(zāi)爬行, 滑行 6 根據(jù)生活常識或經(jīng)驗 1. In th

11、e old d 1.The shop sells stationery steinri , such as pens, pencils, paper, envelopes, and so on.文具 2. we took the provision pruvin with us to camp , for example，there were meat, bread, milk, sugar and fruit.小結(jié)7 根據(jù)舉例猜詞食品such as， for example for instance 1.The shop sells stationery小試身手祝功成你! 1. When a

12、 farmer keeps livestock laivstk , such as cows, sheep, pigs or goats, he must give them grain,vegetables ,grasses, etc 2.Today young couples often spend lots of their money on appliances plans, for example, washing machines, fridges and color televisions.小試身手祝功成你!Practice makes perfectPractice makes

13、 perfect1. She asked the hairdresser to trim her hair because it was too long. 2. Mark Twain was not the authors real name; it was a pseudonym.3. She did not hear what you said because she was completely engrossed in her reading.4. He is one of the most loquacious men I know, his brother, however, d

14、oes not talk much.修剪筆名, 化名全神貫注的多話的；嘮叨的1. She asked the hairdresser t5. Those new comers were not used to the life in the suburbs which was so different from that inside the city. 6. A stunt person is a man or woman who does all the dangerous bits of acting work in films or on TV.7. The official aske

15、d the man what his occupation was. The man told him that he worked as an engineer. 8. Doctors believe that smoking cigarettes is detrimental to your health. 郊區(qū), 城外特技演員工作, 職業(yè)有害的5. Those new comers were not uCompetitionCompetition Wang Zhizhi said, “I realized I had made a big mistake. I want to say s

16、orry to my fans and to the Bayi Team(八一隊) which trained me and gave me the chance to play in the NBA. I was too young to make the right decision. I hope I could make up my fault this time and win back my place in the national team. A. 表現(xiàn)出色 B. 彌補過失 C. 珍惜機會 D. 得到諒解2 points Wang Zhizhi said, “I rea You

17、 may be able to get social assistance under the OW program. This kind of assistance is short-term help for your day-to-day needs. It helps pay for things like food, clothing and medicine.What does the underlined word “assistance” mean in Paragraph 1? A. help B. money C. education D. advice5 points Y

18、ou may be able to get soThe Venus flytrap is a very strange plant. Its leaves can open and close very quickly. Inside the leaves, there are three small hairs. If a fly touches one of the hairs, the leaf closes quickly. The fly cannot get out. In about half an hour, the leaf presses the fly until it

19、is dead. A. 擠壓 B. 關(guān)上 C. 打開 D. 松開3 pointsThe Venus flytrap is a very st The life of an ant is usually 45-60 daysGrownup ants cannot eat hard food. Instead they have the juice that they get from pieces of food. An ant has two eyes. Each eye is made up of many smaller eyes. They are called compound eye

20、s. A. 明亮的 B. 柔弱的 C. 模糊的 D. 復(fù)合的Exchange your scores with one of the other groups as you like. The life of an ant is us Some people read very rapidly, while others read very slowly. Someone who reads everything very quickly, may say,“I am a rapid reader. I can read a whole book in one evening.”What do

21、es the underlined word “rapidly” mean in the second paragraph? A: Early B: Carefully C: Quickly D: Clearly1 points Some people read very rapid Small ,simple buildings are not always designed by architects. But larger, more complex ones nearly always are. The underlined word “complex” means _. A: lar

22、ge B: beautiful C: not simple D: not modern3 points Small ,simple buildings are Nowadays more and more people care about the exploitation(開采) of the natural resources, such as oil, coal and so on. A. 商品 B.現(xiàn)象 C. 資源 D.污染4 points Nowadays more and more peop About 25% of Englands total consumption (消耗）

23、of energy is domestic it is used only in the home. What does the word “domestic” mean in Paragraph Two? A: Producing energy B: Fast driving C: On the road D: For family use4 points4 pointsSummary生活常識對比轉(zhuǎn)折因果關(guān)系同義詞構(gòu)詞法定義上下文舉例Guess the meaning of wordsSummary生活對比因果構(gòu)詞法定義上下文舉例Guess t 1. Go over what we lear

24、ned today. 2. Finish additional exercises.Homework 1. Go over what we learned to詞義猜測型解題技巧閱讀理解峨山一中 蔡立Guessing-word skills詞義猜測型解題技巧閱讀理解峨山一中 蔡立Guessin閱讀理解命題特點：主旨大意題觀點態(tài)度題推理判斷題詞義猜測題事實細節(jié)題閱讀理解命題特點：主旨大意題推理判斷題詞義猜測題事實細節(jié)1. We can learn from the underlined part that (06遼寧)2. The underlined word ”it” in paragrap

25、h refers to (2011 湖南、福建等)3. By saying, the author means to say that ( 2011 浙江)4. The underlined sentence in paragraph implies/ refers to/ means (2011江西、天津等) 常見的猜測詞義題設(shè)問方式Guessing-word skills1. We can learn from the underThe word “address” in the second line probably means “_”. The underlined word “sp

26、in-off” in Paragraph 4 probably refers to _. The underlined word “it” in the second paragraph refers to “_”.By “we were all beside ourselves”, the writer means that they all_. 猜測詞義題目類型Guessing-word skills對考綱內(nèi)熟詞新義的猜測對代詞的猜測對句義的猜測對考綱外生詞的猜測The word “address” in the seco例句：His latest invention turned out

27、 to be a real cash cow. He earned lots of money now.注釋：“cash cow”意思是“搖錢樹；能持續(xù)收益的產(chǎn)品或投資”。Guessing-word skillscash cowLets guess例句：注釋：Guessing-word cash cowLebanana skin例句：The mayor made a common mistake which is a right banana skin. Guessing-word skills注釋：“banana skin”除了字面意思的“香蕉皮”，還指“某人（尤指政府官員）在公眾場合犯的尷

28、尬錯誤”，就像當(dāng)眾腳踩到香蕉皮，一不下心就滑倒，你說尷尬不尷尬？banana skin例句：Guessing-word 注釋Bean counter 注釋：“bean counter”意思是“善于計算的人；只對金錢感興趣的人”。一般人很難把一堆豆子的數(shù)目點算清楚，如果形容一個人是“bean counter”，通常含貶義，說明這個人喜歡把時間花在雞毛蒜皮的事情上面，并且樂此不疲。例句：My wife is really a bean counter. She always knows how much I spent on cigarettes.Guessing-word skillsBean

29、counter 注釋：“bean counter”Guessing-word skillsQ2.If you meet the new words when reading, what will you do ?Q1.Do you think guessing new words is difficult?Tow questions?Guessing-word Q2.If you meet tStrategy I: Guessing-word skillsUseful strategies 猜詞技巧1. Birds fly with their wings, and they pick up

30、their foods, and then eat them with their beaks and they use their claws for tearing, seizing, pulling or holding objects. “beak” here means _.a birds mouthCommon sense 常識2. Most of the roses are beginning to wither because of the cold. “wither” refers to _.dry up and dieStrategy I: Guessing-word Us

31、ef(2011陜西)“The promise was that you could use less chemicals and boost production. But neither is true.” said Bill Christison. What does the underlined word “boost” probably mean?A. control B. evaluate C. obtain D. increase真題演練：Guessing-word skills(2011陜西)“The promise was that Guessing-word skillsLa

32、nguage context & Logical Connection1.根據(jù)上下文/語境解釋作出判斷 2.利用邏輯關(guān)系進行判斷Strategy II: Guessing-word Language context（一）根據(jù)上下文/語境解釋做出判斷：其方法主要有：Guessing-word skills1根據(jù)文中的定義、解釋猜生詞 。例如： Barometers are used to measure the pressure of the air in order to help judge probable changes in the weather or to help calcula

33、te(計算) the height above sea level. 2利用事例或解釋猜生詞 。例如： The doctor is studying glaucoma and other diseases of the eye 3利用重復(fù)解釋的信息猜生詞 。例如： Mr. Smith always arrives home punctually，neither early nor late氣壓表按時地，準(zhǔn)時地a kind of disease of the eye 青光眼（一）根據(jù)上下文/語境解釋做出判斷：其方法主要有：GuessGuessing-word skills4根據(jù)同位關(guān)系進行判斷：

34、閱讀中出現(xiàn)一些難詞，有時后面就是一個同位語，對前面的詞進行解釋，這種解釋有時也用連詞“or”連接。此外，也可根據(jù)定語從句來進行判斷。a），and other Germanic and Nordic peoples，who spoke what we now call Anglo-Saxon（or Old English），a Germanic language b） The Chunnel，a tunnel（隧道）connecting England and France，is now complete小結(jié)：某些生詞的詞義往往會在下文中得到解釋或說明這些解釋有時以定義定語從句同位語的形式出現(xiàn);

35、有時用破折號括號冒號引號等符號引出;有時還用that is, that is to say, in other words, or等詞語引出 Guessing-word 4根據(jù)同位關(guān)系進行判斷：小結(jié)：Guessing-word skills1. Archaeology is the study of the buried remains（殘?。?of ancient times, such as houses, pots, tools and weapons.2. The herdsman, who looks after sheep, earns about 650 yuan a year.

36、3. On the farm they mainly raise poultry, such as chickens, ducks and geese, for their eggs and meat.考古學(xué)小試身手家禽牧羊人Guessing-word 1. Archaeology iGuessing-word skills（二）Logical Connection 根據(jù)邏輯關(guān)系進行判斷Mary didnt notice me when I came into the classroom, because she was completely engrossed in his reading.

37、 常見的表示因果關(guān)系的信號詞有:since, because, for, so, thus, consequently, therefore, due to, result in, as a result, for this reason, accordinglyTom is considered an autocratic administrator because he makes decisions without seeking the opinions of others. v. 全神貫注adj. 獨斷專行的（根據(jù)因果關(guān)系）Guessing-word （二）Logical Conne

38、Guessing-word skillsAndrew is one of the most supercilious men I know. His brother，however，is quite humble and modest. 常見表示轉(zhuǎn)折，對比關(guān)系的信號詞：but, yet, however, while, whereas(但是, 而), otherwise, in spite of, despite, even though, although, though, instead(of), on the other hand, by/in contrast, rather than

39、, on the contrary 目空一切 的，傲慢的 （根據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)折對比關(guān)系）Mrs. Smith is loquacious while her husband is the silent type. 多嘴多舌的 Guessing-word Andrew is one ofGuessing-word skills真題演練 The homeless people may have become jobless and then been unable to pay their rent and so no longer have a roof over their heads. In para

40、graph 2, “ a roof over their heads” most probably means _.A. a cap B. a car C. a home D. a coveringA good boss can recognize instantly the adept workers from the unskilled ones.The underlined word “adept” means _.A. encouraged B. comparedC. curious D. skillful根據(jù)因果關(guān)系 根據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系Guessing-word 真題演練 The home

41、leGuessing-word skillsStrategy III: Word-formation（復(fù)合法，轉(zhuǎn)化法，派生法）1. (05重慶卷) Its true that lighthouse were built in out-of-the-way place.2. When men and women lived by hunting 50,000 years ago, how could they even begin to picture modern life?3. When he reached the place with his army, he found an impa

42、ssable river in front of him.（合成形容詞）（詞性變化）（詞的派生）Guessing-word Strategy III: WoGuessing-word skills常見的前后綴: 在之間超易于的極小的反對后微小一同，一起之前 super- inter- mini- micro- -some anti- co- post- pre- Guessing-word 常見的前后綴: 在之間 suGuessing-word skillsnonjudgmentaladj.沒有判斷力的判斷 n.判斷 v.judgejudgmentjudgmentalGuessing-word

43、 nonjudgmentaladjGuessing-word skillsExercise 1.Sociology is the term used to describe the scientific study of human society. 2. His uncle is a zoologist, an expert who does research on animals. 3. Jane is indecisive, that is, she cant make up her mind. 猜詞技巧：構(gòu)詞法及前面所提到的定義釋義法- 通過定義,定語從句,詞組,同位語從句來體現(xiàn). （

44、動物學(xué)家） （沒有決定能力的）（社會學(xué)） Guessing-word Exercise 1.SociGuessing-word skillsConclusion How to guess the meaning of words?常識重復(fù)信息對比轉(zhuǎn)折構(gòu)詞法定義、同位、標(biāo)點符號舉例歸納因果關(guān)系Guessing-word Conclusion How tGuessing-word skillsExercise Everyone agreed that the woman in the photo was gorgeousIt was easy to see why she had won the

45、beauty contest “gorgeous” means “_.” Those new comers were not used to the life in the suburbs which was so different from that inside the city. A. town B. capital C. countryside D. houseThe old woman has a strange habit to keep over 100 cats in her house. Her neighbor all call her an eccentric lady

46、. A. 愛貓的 B. 古怪的 C. 閑不住 D. 動物保護主義者美麗動人的 Guessing-word Exercise EveryonGuessing-word skillsExercise (北京卷) It now takes years for scientists to collect all the data they need to describe and analyze species. The creators of the Encyclopedia of Life hope that their new tool will speed up that process. I

47、n the last paragraph, “that process” means_. A. analyzing species B. creating a new tool C. collecting data D. describing speciesAlthough he often had the chance, Mr. Brown was never able to steal money from a customer. This would endangered his position at the bank, and he did not want to jeopardiz

48、e his future. The word “jeopardize” means _ in this text. A. protect B. endanger C. continue D. stopGuessing-word Exercise (北京卷) IGuessing-word skills1. 認真復(fù)習(xí)今天所學(xué)的內(nèi)容2. 完成增分卷最后兩張Homework: Guessing-word 1. 認真復(fù)習(xí)今天所學(xué)的內(nèi)容HTHANKS FOR COMINGTHANKS FOR COMING閱讀理解Guessing meanings閱讀理解Guessing meanings 根據(jù)上下文猜測生

49、詞的含義是考生必須掌握的一項重要閱讀技能, 因此, 詞義猜測題是高考閱讀理解的必考題型。這類題包括猜測單詞、短語、句子的意思和判斷指代內(nèi)容。 詞義猜測題 根據(jù)上下文猜測生詞的含義是考生必須掌握的一項高考考點分布：考綱要求考題落實情況20142013201220112010200920081理解主旨和要義13211122理解文中具體信息49131371063根據(jù)上下文推斷生詞的詞義12111114作出判斷和推理145244245理解文章的基本結(jié)構(gòu)00000006理解作者的意圖、觀點和態(tài)度01212122007 372201高考考點分布：考題落實情況20142013201220112如何根據(jù)上下文

50、判斷詞語的涵義這種題型常見的設(shè)題方式有： 1）The underlined word（phrase）in the passage means _ 2）The word it（them）in the first paragraph refers to _ 3）The underlined sentence in the last paragraph means _4）Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word in the second paragraph？分析題干能力如何根據(jù)上下文判斷詞語的涵義這種題型

51、常見的設(shè)題方式有： 分析unconditional:無條件的,絕對的 adj.condition conditional 情況，條件 n. 有條件的 adj.unconditional:Group1 unconditional:無條件的,condition cnonjudgmental:沒有判斷力的judge judgment judgmental判斷 v.判斷 n.adj.nonjudgmental:nonjudgmental:沒有判斷力的judge judg歸納1： 根據(jù)構(gòu)詞法（合成、派生、轉(zhuǎn)化）進行判斷英語中，有很多詞可以在前面加前綴，后面加后綴，從而構(gòu)成一個詞，乍看起來，這個詞可能是生

52、詞，但掌握了一定的構(gòu)詞法知識，就不難猜出它的詞義。 歸納1： 根據(jù)構(gòu)詞法（合成、派生、轉(zhuǎn)化）進行判斷superman microwave(超人)nonnatural mispronounce(非自然的) homeless nonsmoker(無家可歸的) rebuild eastwards(重建) Can you guess the right meanings?(微波)(非煙民)(發(fā)錯音)(向東)superman microwaGroup2 1.It will be very hard but also very brittle that is , it will break easily2

53、.The purpose of the campaign was to catch “ringers”,students who take tests for other students. 脆的冒名替考者Group2 1.It will be very har3. Anthropology is the scientific study of man. Anthropology means _. 4. The modern age of medicine began with the stethoscope, an instrument for listening to patients h

54、eartbeat and breathing. 人類學(xué) 聽診器 人類學(xué) 聽診器規(guī)則2：根據(jù)上下文解釋做出判斷：1根據(jù)文中的定義、解釋猜生詞： 2根據(jù)同位或解釋關(guān)系：3.根據(jù)并列同類關(guān)系:猜詞能力邏輯詞：be, be called, means, be defined as, that is（to say）,namely, in other words, ect 通過生詞后的定語(定語從句或分詞短語等)、表語、同位語、逗號、括號、破折號等的解釋說明來推測其意思。and, or，not only but also 等并列的幾個事物應(yīng)屬同類事物, 由此可推測其中一個的大概意思。規(guī)則2：根據(jù)上下文解釋

55、做出判斷：猜詞能力邏輯詞：be, be1.(廣東2014D) However, ocean expert Curtis Ebbesmeyer does it in a special way - by studying movements of random floating garbage. A scientist with many years experience, he started this type of research in the early 1990s when he heard about hundreds of athletic shoes washing up on

56、 the shores of the northwest coast of the United States. There were so many shoes that people were setting up swap meets to try and match left and right shoes to sell or wear.1.(廣東2014D) However, ocean exp The underlined phrase swap meets in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to _.A. fitting roomsB.

57、trading fairsC. business talksD. group meetings The underlined phrase swap me2.(廣東2008A) Parents and kids today dress alike, listen to the same music, and are friends. Is this a good thing? Sometimes, when Mr. Ballmer and his 16-year-old daughter, Elizabeth, listen to rock music together and talk ab

58、out interests both enjoy, such as pop culture, he remembers his more distant relationship with his parents when he was a teenager. “I would never have said to my mom, Hey, the new Weezer album is really great. How do you like it?” says Ballmer. “There was just a complete gap in taste.” Music was not

59、 the only gulf. From clothing and hairstyles to activities and expectations, earlier generations of parents and children often appeared to move in separate orbits.2.(廣東2008A) Parents and kids t The underlined word gulf in Para.3 most probably means _.A. interestB. distanceC. differenceD. separation

60、The underlined word gulf in P3.(廣東07A) However, men quickly found more convenient and reliable ways of telling the time. They learned to use the shadows cast by the sun. They marked the hours on candles, used sand in hour- glasses, and invented water-clocks. Indeed, any serious student of antique sh