北京市高考英語真題

1、北京市高考英語真題及答案勤思則得，善問則裕，寬泛溝通，深入商討。祝高考成功!下面小編為大家介紹的北京市高考英語真題，僅供大家參照!北京市高考英語真題I.ListeningComprehension(25%)SectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.

2、Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.A.Sorry.B.Annoyed.C.Excited.D.Puzzled.2.A.Anaccountant.B.Asurgeon.C.Anartist.D.Ascientist.3.A.20XX年yuan.B.3200yuan.C.1200yuan.D.3600yuan.4.A.Onaplane.B.Ina

3、physicalmedicalroom.C.Inaboat.D.Inaschoolrestroom.5.A.Ajob.B.Anarticle.C.Abook.D.Anauthor.6.A.Twins.B.Classmates.C.Friends.D.Cousins.7.A.Givehisankleagoodrest.B.Treathisinjuryimmediately.C.Continuehisregularexercises.D.Becarefulwhenclimbingsteps.8.A.GoonadivingtourinEurope.B.Add300dollarstohisbudget

4、.C.Traveloverseasonhisown.D.JoinapackagetourtoMexico.9.A.Incasesomeproblemsshouldoccur.B.Incasetheyshouldbelate.C.Toavoidmoreworklateron.D.Tomakebetterpreparations.10.A.Therockbandneedsmorehoursofpractice.B.Therockbandisgoingtoplayhereforamonth.C.Theirhardworkhasresultedinabigsuccess.D.Heappreciates

5、thewomanSectionBshelpwiththeband.Directions:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassages,andyouwillbeaskedthreequestionsoneachofthepassages.Thepassageswillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion，readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebestanswertotheque

6、stionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.11.A.Itsstrongeducationsystem.B.Itspopulation.C.Itsgrowingtourismindustry.D.Itsbilingualsigns.12.A.AllcitizensreceivequalityEnglishteaching.B.Moremoneyshouldbespentonteachertraining.C.AnEnglish-speakingenvironmentshouldbebuilt.D.Tou

7、rismindustryshouldbepromoted.13.A.Theforeigninvestmentwillincrease.B.Itwillbringtheeconomicandsocialbenefits.C.Theeducationsystemwillbestrengthened.D.ItwillimproveSingaporesrankinginEnglishlevel.13.A.Heshoppedforgroceries.B.Hetookcareofhissickparent.C.Hecaredforhisyoungerbrother.D.Hemadeimportantfam

8、ilydecisions.15.A.Itmayhelpchildrengrowupquickly.B.Itmayforcechildrentosacrificetheirchildhoods.C.Itwillturnchildrensresponsibilityintoadelight.D.Itwillmakechildrenmoreisolatedandconfused.16.A.Childrengettingsatisfactionfromhelpingothers.B.Childrentakingonadultresponsibility.C.Frustrationandstressca

9、usedtochildrenbyparents.D.Theenvironmentforchildrensbettergrowth.SectionCDirections:InSectionC，youwillhearaconversation.Theconversationwillbereadtwice.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionsaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Quest

10、ions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.17.A.Tourguide.B.Editor.C.Journalist.D.Typist.18.A.Somenewlydiscoveredscenicspot.B.BigchangesintheAmazonvalley.C.Anewrailwayunderconstruction.D.ThebeautifulAmazonrainforests.19.A.Innewsweeklies.B.InnewspapersSundayeditions.C.Inalocaleveningpaper.D.In

11、overseaseditionofU.S.magazines.20.A.Tobecomeaprofessionalwriter.B.Togetherlifestorypublishedsoon.C.Tobeemployedbyanewspaper.D.Tosellherarticlestoanewsservice.GrammarandVocabulary(20%)SectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheb

12、lankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.Icanstillremembertheafternoonwhenweclimbedthemountainasifitwereyesterday.Itwasasunnyday.Eagertospendsometimeoutside,Iwentupthemountainwithmyuncle.Themountainwashard(21)_(climb)andhadt

13、oughrocksandstreamsonit.Intheend,(22)_(exhaust)andhot,Icouldnend.tgoanyfurther.SowewentbackdownthemountainintheOnthewaybackdown,myuncleaskedmeaquestion,(23)_leftmespeechlessforasecond:“Whatsyourdream,younglady?”“Ihavenoidea,”Ianswered(24)_thinkingaitwhilefor.Thenhesmiledandtoldmeabouthisstory.Hedidn

14、tperformwellatschoolwhenhewasastudent.Althoughnobodythoughthecouldsucceed,heknewclearly(25)_hisdreamwas-tobeabusinessman.“IknewIwasngiftedwhenitcametostudying,soItriedtobuysnacksfromamarkettandsellthemafterclass,”hetoldme.Afterheleftschool,hestartedsellingdifferentitemstofindoutwhichonewasmostattrac

15、tivetocustomers.Ofcourse,heoftenhadnomoneyinhispocket,but(26)_toughlifewas,henevergaveup.“Thereisnodoubtthatapersonwhoputsinagreatdealofefforttoreachhisorhergoalwillhavegoodluckatsomepoint.Themeaningoflifeistochaseyourdream,”hesaidgently.ThatnightI(27)_hardlyfallasleep.Ilayinbedtossingandturning,ask

16、ingmyself,“Whatsmymotivation?”Ioncewantedtobeatopstudent,butthehardworkneededmeant_(put)everythingintofollowingmypassion.IfIfindmyselflackingwillpower,whatshouldIdo?Leavinghomeearlythenextmorning,Iclimbedthemountainagainby(29)_.Itmademethink:Ifwedonexperiencetheclimb,howcanwegettoseethesceneryonthet

17、opofthemountain?Intheend,Ireachedthetopand(30)_(fascinate)bythewarmbreezeandsunshine.Nothingcouldbemorepleasantthanthat.SectionBDirections:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeuseonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.quicklyB.analyzeC.programmedD.adoptionE.boredomF.

18、unaccompaniedG.dramaticH.transformI.distractedJ.peacefullyK.prospectImagineanurbanneighborhoodwheremostofthecarsareself-driving.Whatwoulditbeliketobeapedestrian?Actually,prettygood.Infact,pedestriansmightendupwiththerunoftheplace.InanewstudypublishedintheJournalofPlanningEducationandResearch,Millard

19、-Balllooksatthe_31_ofurbanareaswhereamajorityofvehiclesare“autonomous”or-drivingself.Itsaphenomenonthatsnotasfaroffasonemightthink.“Autonomousvehicleshavethepotentialto_32_travelbehavior,Millard-Ballsays.Heusesgametheoryto_33_theinteractionsbetweenpedestriansandself-drivingvehicles,withafocusonyield

20、ingatcrosswalks.Becauseautonomousvehiclesarebydesignrisk-averse,Millard-Ballsmodelsuggeststhatpedestrianswillbeabletoactwithimpunity,andhethinksautonomousvehiclesmayfacilitateashifttowardspedestrian-orientedurbanneighborhoods.However,Millard-Ballalsofindsthatthe_34_ofautonomousvehiclesmaybehamperedb

21、ytheirstrategicdisadvantagethatslowsthemdowninurbantraffic.“Pedestriansroutinelyplaythegameofchicken,-Ball”writesMillard.Crossingthestreet,evenatamarkedcrosswalkwithoutatrafficsignal,requiresaprobabilitycalculation:whataretheoddsofsurvival?Thebenefitofcrossingthestreet_35_,insteadofwaitingforagapint

22、raffic,istradedoffagainsttheprobabilityofinjuryorevendeath.Pedestriansknowthatdriversarenotinterestedinrunningthemdown-usually.Butthereisthechanceadrivermaybe_36_,ordrunk.Self-drivingcarsare_37_toobeytherulesoftheroad,includingwaitingforpedestrianstocross.Theycouldprovidethemost_38_transformationinu

23、rbantransportationsystems.Parking,streetdesign,andtransportationservicenetworksarelikelytoberevolutionized.Inhislateststudy,Millard-Ballsuggeststhatthepotentialbenefitsofself-drivingcarsavoiding_39_oftrafficandtrafficaccidents-maybeoutweighedbythedrawbacksofanalwaysplay-it-safevehiclethatslowstraffi

24、cforeverybody.“Fromthepointofviewofapassengerinanautomatedcar,itwouldbelikedrivingdownastreetfilledwith_40_five-year-oldchildren,Millard-Ballwrites.Alternatively,plannerscouldseizetheopportunitytocreatemorepedestrian-orientedstreets.Autonomousvehiclescouldstartaneweraofpedestriandomination.III.Readi

25、ngComprehension(45%)SectionADirections:Foreachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefour”wordsorphrasesmarkedA,B，CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Everybodylovestohateinvasivespecies.Theinternationallistofinvasivespeciesdefinedasthosethatwereintroducedbyhumanstonewplaces,and

26、then_41_runstoover4,000.InAustraliaandNewZealandhotwarisfoughtagainstintroducedcreatureslikecanetoads(蔗蟾蜍)andrats.Somethingsthatareuncontroversial(無爭議的)arenonethelessfoolish.Withafewimportantexceptions,campaignsto_42_invasivespeciesaremerelyawasteofmoneyandeffortforreasonsthatarepartlypracticalandpa

27、rtlyphilosophical.Startwiththepracticalarguments.Mostinvasivespeciesareneitherterriblysuccessfulnorvery_43_.Britonsthinkthemselvessurroundedbyforeignplants._44_,Britainasiveplantsinvarenotwidespread,notspreadingespeciallyquickly,andoftenlessofa(n)_45_thanvigorousnativeplants.Thearrivalofnewspeciesal

28、mostalways_46_biologicaldiversity(多樣性)inaregion;inmanycases,afloodofnewcomersdrivesnonativespeciestoextinction.Onereasonisthatinvaderstendtocolonise_47_habitatslikepollutedlakesandpost-industrialwasteland,wherelittleelselives.Theyarenaturesopportunists.Thephilosophicalreasonforstartingwarontheinvade

29、rsisalso_48_.Eliminationcampaignstendtobe_49_bythebeliefthatitispossibletorestorebalancetonaturetoreturnwoodsandlakestothestatebeforehuman_50_.Thatismisguided.Natureisaneverlastingmess,withspeciesconstantlyemerging,withdrawingandhybridizing(雜交).Humanshaveonlyquickenedtheseprocesses.Goingbacktoancien

30、thabitatsisbecoming_51_inanycase,becauseofman-madeclimatechange.Takingontheinvadersisa(n)_52_gesture,notameanstoanachievableend.Areasonableattitudetoinvadersneednotimplypassivity.Afewforeignspeciesaretruly_53_andshouldbefought:theNileperchafish,hashelpeddrivemanyspeciesoffishtoextinctioninLakeVictor

31、ia.Itmakessenseto_54_pathogens(病菌),especiallythosethatdestroywholenativetreespecies,andtostopknownagriculturalpestsfromgainingafoothold.Fencingoffwildlifereservestocreateopen-airecologicalmuseumsisfine,too.AnditisagoodideaforEuropeangardenerstodestroyJapaneseplants,justastheygivenoapacetonativeharmf

32、ulgrasseslikebindweedandgroundelder.Youcangardeninagarden.Youcannotgarden_55_.Thatisuniversallyaccepted.A.multipliedB.shrunkC.disappearedD.harvestedA.conserveB.eliminateC.investigateD.prioritizeA.healthyB.intentionalC.harmfulD.profitableA.AsaresultB.ForexampleC.BycontrastD.InfactA.attractionB.domina

33、nceC.annoyanceD.substituteA.increasesB.destroysC.revealsD.targetsA.oppressedB.disturbedC.cultivatedD.preservedA.acceptableB.needlessC.mistakenD.convincingA.fuel(l)edB.organizedC.interruptedD.greetedA.civilizationB.interferenceC.interactionD.maintenanceA.tolerableB.impossibleC.beneficialD.criticalA.r

34、eluctantB.disorderlyC.invalidD.unbalancedA.damagingB.flexibleC.doubtfulD.outstandingA.pickupB.takeinC.keepoutD.turndownA.agricultureB.vegetationC.atmosphereD.natureSectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.Foreachofthemtherearefour

35、choicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhaveread.(A)JeremyBarasremembersthefirsttimeheeversawapop-uparestaurant.The26-year-oldentrepreneur(公司家)wasonvacationinEnglandfouryearsagoandhadtolookupattheLondonEyeFerrieswheeltoseeit.Hangingabovehimwasacaps

36、ulefullofdinerswhowereservedanewcourseeachtimearevolutionwasmade.“Ithoughtthatwasthecoolestthingever”,hesays.Baras,whoundedfoPopUpRin20XX年topromotetheideaofpop-uprestaurantsinUSA,hasbeenstudyingthemeversince.Pop-ups,whichhavebeenaroundsinceatleasttheearly20XX年s,areopenanywherefromafewhourstoseveralm

37、onths,buttheirdefiningfeatureisthattheyaretemporary.Theymaybeonlyatinypartofthe$709billionU.S.restaurantindustry,butpopupshavegottenaboostinrecentyearsasalower-cost,lower-riskwayforentrepreneurstotestthewaters.Somerestaurantownersseethemasawaytorenewinterestinexistinglocations.Andsomestrugglingcitie

38、s,likeOakland,Calif.,haveturnedtothemtohelprevitalizelocaleconomiesimpactedbytherecession(衰敗).Theconcepthasbeenespeciallypopularwithup-and-comingchefswhowanttotest-driveasamenuconceptwithoutinvestingafortuneinapermanentspace.“Yourcooksandchefsarereallytalented,buttheystuckinthebackofsomebodyelseskit

39、chencookingsomebodyelsesmenu,”saysZachKupperman,chiefbusinessmanofficerandco-founderofDinnerLab.ChefsinDinnerLabcookinthemiddleofspace,giveabriefintroductionaboutthemenuandthemselvesandthenbravelylistentodinerfeedbackafterward.Pop-upstemporarynaturealsoallowsrestaurateurstochargeadeposittomakesureth

40、edinerswillshowup.Ofcourse,trendsinthefoodindustrycomeandgoquickly,andthereisnoguaranteethatdinerswonttireoftheconcept.Someentrepreneurshaveresortedtoevenaweirderlocationsinaformerlimestonemine,say,oratthetopofacranetokeepcustomersinterested.SaysBaras,“Itsnotquitepartofthemainstreameconomyyet.”56.Wh

41、atdoestheunderlinedpart“arevolutionwasmade”inParagraphOnepossiblymean?A.Chefsdesignedcreativedishes.B.Dinerstastedfoodinaninnovativeway.C.Thecapsulecontainingdinersmadeacircle.D.Greatchangesweremadeinthefoodindustry.WhichofthefollowingmightNOTbethereasonsforpop-uprestaurantsfastdevelopment?A.Beingte

42、mporaryfeaturespop-uprestaurants.B.Pop-uprestaurantcanrestorelocaleconomytoprosperity.C.Businessownersventureintothebusinesswithfewerrisksandinvestments.D.Restaurantownerscanmakedinersinterestedintheoriginalrestaurantsagain.Perspectivechefsaredrawntopop-upsduetothefactthat_.A.pop-upsarebecomingincre

43、asinglypopularwithdinersworldwideB.theyhavethedesiretoexploreasaferwaytomakealivingC.theirinvestmentinpop-upswillbringthemafortuneonapermanentbasisD.pop-upsprovideaflexibletestfieldfortalentedchefsoriginaThewritersproposeofwritingthepassengeristo_.A.appealtopeopletodineoutinpop-uprestaurantsB.giveab

44、riefintroductionofpop-uprestaurantsC.warnbusinessownersoftheappearanceofpop-uprestaurantsD.foreseethefutureofpop-uprestaurantsdevelopment(B)Infourcountrieswithfast-developingeconomies(BRIC)Brazil,Russia,India,andChinatheagriculturalsectorhasbecomeaprovinggroundforinnovation.JuergenVoegele,aWorldBank

45、agricultureexpert,predictsthat“bytransformingagriculture,wewillnotonlymeetthechallengeoffeedingninebillionpeopleby2050butdosoinwaysthatcreatewealthandreduceitsenvironmentalfootprint.BRAZILSoybeansontheRisePreservingtheAmazonrainforestisatoppriorityforBrazil.”Therapidexpansionofsoybeanandcattlefarmin

46、gthereduringthe1990sandearly20XX年sledtoalarmingratesofdeforestation.Overthepasttenyears,however,withgovernmentsupport,activistsandfamershaveprotectedmorethan33,000squaremilesofrainforestequaltomorethan14millionsoccerfields.Savingtheseforests3.5billiontonsofcarbondioxideoutofatmosphere.anareahaskeptY

47、etevenundertheselandrestrictions,Brazilssoybeanproductionhasincreased.Thecountryisnowtheworldssecondlargestproducerofthecrop.Howdidthishappen?Farmersfocusedonefficiency.Usingnewmachineryandearlymaturingseedsenabledthemtosqueezeanadditionalplantingintothestandardgrowingseason.AccordingtotheU.S.Depart

48、mentofAgriculture,Brazils年20XX-15soybeancrophashitarecord104.2milliontons,up8.6milliontonsfromtheyearbefore,asfarmershavemadebetteruseoftheirfields.Thisprogress,saystheWorldBanksJuergenVoegele,isanexampleofhow“producingmorefoodcoexistwithprotectingtheenvironment.”60.AccordingtoJuergenVoegele,innovat

49、ioninagriculturewillleadtoallthefollowingexcept_.A.increasedwealthB.thesolutiontotheworldcrisissfoodC.lessimpactonnatureD.thechallengingoffeedingtheworldpopulation61.Whichoneistheappropriatenumbertofillintheblankintheschart?WhatisthemostimportantproblemBrazilisfacedwith?A.Feedingninebillionpeopleby2

50、050.B.Increasingitssoybeanproduction.C.Protectingitsrainforestfromdeforestation.D.Enhancingitsfarmersefficiency.(C)SpainsLiteraryGeniusFourcenturiesago,theauthorofoneofthegreatestcomediccharactersintheworldliteraturetookhislastbreath.MigueldeCervantes(1547-1616),theauthorofDonQuixote,istotheSpanishw

51、hatShakespeareistotheEnglishandDanteistoItalians-anationalliteraryicon.Cervantesbookisstillappreciatedtoday,hundredsofyearsafteritspublication,becauseitsawonderfullytruthfulcomedy.DonQuixote,likehumanbeingsgenerally,hasgreatdifficultydistinguishingrealityfromimagination.Readersmaylaughathisstrangebe

52、havior,butwhenwelaugh,welaughwithrecognition.ThebookrecordstheadventuresofAlonsoQuijano,anolderSpanishgentlemanwholovesromancenovels.Intruth,hereadsfartoomanyromances,andtheyhaveaffectedhismind.Quijanoissomixedupthathedecidesthathemustbecomeaknighthimself.Imagineacomicbookfanwhodecidestodressupasasu

53、perherotofightcrime,andyoupicture.SettingthescenellgettheAlonsoQuijanoreinventshimselfas“DonQuixotedeLaMancha”,anaristocratic(貴族的)namethatsuitshisambitionofbeingaknight.Next,sinceeveryknightneedsahorse,hefindshimselfanoldonenamedRocinante.ButRocinanteisnotexactlycutoutforlifeasaknightsHestiredfromye

54、arsoffarmwork.Hesunlikelytobeofmuchhelpinanyfightagainstanenemy.TheheroesintheromancesQuijanoreadsallhadaladytolove.Theywerehighborn,liketheknightsthemselves.QuijanochoosesAldonzaLorenzo,afarmersdaughter,betohisbeloved.Shebecomes“DulcineadelToboso”,or“thesweetwomanofToboso”.HowdoesAldonzafeelaboutQu

55、ijanosattentions?Shedoesntfeelmuchatall,actually.AldonzaisyetanotherbyproductofQuijanoFindingasidekicksimagination,likesomanythings.NowcomesCervantessecondgreatcreation:SanchoPanza.OnceservantinQuijanoshouse,Panzaispromotedtotheroleofsquire(跟從),becauseeveryself-respectingknightneedsasquire.Panzahasa

56、sensibleheadonhisshoulders,andheisafoil(襯托)tohisfoolishmaster.Thepairfacesmanyadventures,butnoneareasheroicasaknightshouldbe.Welaugh,ratherthancry,asweread.Quijanotriestoactonbehalfofjustice,buthedoesntoftensucceed.CervantesnovelinspiredawordthatsumsupQuijanosromanticnature:“quixotic”.InEnglishweuse

57、thewordtodescribesomeonewhoisidealisticbutfoolishinpursuitofhisideals.ItisamarkofCervantesgeniusthathewasabletoidentifythistraitandpersonifyitusingsuchagreatcomediccharacter.Weshouldappreciatehimforitonthissignificantoccasion.63.Onwhatoccasiondidtheauthorwritethisreview?A.The400thanniversaryofthepub

58、licationofDonQuixote.B.AnItalianPoet,Dantes800thbirthanniversary.C.AnEnglishgenius,WilliamShakespeares400thdeathanniversary.D.MigueldeCervantes400thanniversaryofhisdeath.64.WhichroleisAlonsoQuijanomostlikelytoidentifywith?A.MigueldeCervantes.B.DonQuixotedeLaMancha.C.DulcineadelToboso.D.SanchoPanza.6

59、5.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.DonQuixotesfailureofdistinguishrealityfromimaginationamusesthereaders.B.Quijanomanagestobringjusticetotheworldbymeansofforce.C.QuijanoisaSpanisharistocratwithgreatambition.D.Readingromancenovelwillmakepeoplebehaveinafoolishway.66.Accordingtotheauthor,readersadmire

60、Cervantesandhismasterpiecebecause.A.CervantesisequaltoShakespeareandDanteasanationalliteraryiconB.QuijanosadventureisromanticandheroicC.CervanteshasageniusforpersonifyingQuijanoatruthfulcomedy.squixoticnatureinD.QuijanosvividimaginationhasbroughtotherminorcharacterstolifeSectionCDirections:Readthefo