Wine Studies葡萄酒研究課件：7-France-1 Bordeaux

1、 Wine StudiesSession 7:FranceBordeaux & BurgundyFine wine (BLICT)Balance 平衡Long finish 回味長(zhǎng)Intensity 濃郁度，集中度Complex 香氣復(fù)雜. Typical 能代表風(fēng)土酒香的層次Flavor from Grape第一層葡萄品種本身帶來(lái)的水果香氣與花香Flavor from production第二層來(lái)自生產(chǎn)過(guò)程的香氣 （乳酸發(fā)酵？橡木桶發(fā)酵？）堅(jiān)果，黃油，酵母，奶油，餅干，香草，椰子Flavor from aging- 第三層：來(lái)自（橡木或瓶中陳年的香氣）蘑菇、野味？濕樹葉？農(nóng)場(chǎng)？咖啡？焦糖？巧

2、克力？France 法國(guó)產(chǎn)區(qū)The best wine producing country.最優(yōu)異的葡萄酒生產(chǎn)國(guó)產(chǎn)量最多頂級(jí)酒莊最多葡萄品種的原產(chǎn)地影響全球最深波爾多風(fēng)格勃艮第風(fēng)格Wine producing regions 產(chǎn)區(qū)Bordeaux 波爾多Burgundy 勃艮第Champagne 香檳Rhone 羅納河谷Alsace 阿爾薩斯Loire 盧瓦河谷BORDEAUX 波爾多The biggest fine wine region of France.法國(guó)最大的優(yōu)質(zhì)葡萄酒產(chǎn)區(qū)面積：11萬(wàn)+公頃酒莊：8000 +產(chǎn)量： 8億瓶/年 Climate 氣候Moderate marine c

3、limate溫和的海洋性氣候北緯45度北大西洋的墨西哥暖流調(diào)節(jié)溫暖漫長(zhǎng)的生長(zhǎng)期適合晚熟的赤霞珠品種：需要更長(zhǎng)時(shí)間成熟潮濕，降雨量900mm秋季采收的時(shí)候可能下雨，年份之分酒莊技術(shù)Viticulture 種植Bordeaux mixture波爾多液Canopy management 樹冠管理釀造果粒篩選機(jī)，乳酸發(fā)酵技術(shù)(MLF)Destem 去梗Oak 使用橡木桶（紅，白，甜酒）品質(zhì)要求高（正牌，副牌）BORDEAUX4430N45N4530NBordeaux ACN 0 10 20 Km0 10 MilesC O G N A CBergeracMedocPauillacHaut-MedocMa

4、rgauxPessac-LeognanSAUTERNESGravesGirondeA T L A N T I O C E A NR. DordogneR. GaronnePomerolSt. EmilionLibourne4530N45N4430NBORDEAUXSOIL TYPE 土壤左岸Gravel礫石 2-64mm Cabernet Sauvignon右岸limestone, clay 覆蓋粘土的石灰石 MerlotGrapes of BordeauxRedCabernet SauvignonMerlotCabernet FrancWhiteSemillonSauvignon Blanc

5、MuscadelleBORDEAUX波爾多最著名的四個(gè)優(yōu)質(zhì)紅酒產(chǎn)區(qū)美多克（Medoc）格拉芙（Graves）圣艾美?。⊿t. Emilion）波美侯（Pomerol）BORDEAUX4430N45N4530NBordeaux ACN 0 10 20 Km0 10 MilesC O G N A CBergeracMedocPauillacHaut-MedocMargauxPessac-LeognanSAUTERNESGravesGirondeA T L A N T I O C E A NR. DordogneR. GaronnePomerolSt. EmilionLibourne4530N45N

6、4430NBORDEAUX法定產(chǎn)區(qū) AOCAppellation dOrigine Contrle (AOC) 原產(chǎn)地控制(origin 可大可小)代表高等級(jí)的葡萄酒品種 variety密度 density產(chǎn)量 yield成熟度 maturity法國(guó)分級(jí)制度AOPIGPVin de France2009年以前2009年以后原產(chǎn)地保護(hù)地理保護(hù)允許多產(chǎn)區(qū)葡萄品種命名Bordeaux; Important labelling termsChateau： 酒莊裝瓶, 本地葡萄，本酒莊制造Superieur: 酒精含量略高Grand Vin： 無(wú)法定意義,酒莊好酒Grand Cru Classe 185

7、5年設(shè)立，61座酒莊分五級(jí)第一級(jí)為 Premier Grand Cru ClasseCru Bourgeois （布爾喬亞）中級(jí)酒莊 Bordeaux; Important labelling termsGrand Cru Classe 第一級(jí)(Premier Grand Cru)Chateau Lafite-Rothschild （拉菲）Chateau Latour （拉圖）Chateau Margaux （瑪歌）Chateau Haut-Brion （奧比昂）Chateau Mouton-Rothschild （木桐）（1973年木桐由二級(jí)晉升為一級(jí)）Bordeaux; Important

8、 labelling termsGrand Cru Classe 第一級(jí)Chateau Lafite-Rothschild - PauillacChateau Latour - PauillacChateau Margaux - MargauxChateau Haut-Brion - GravesChateau Mouton-Rothschild - PauillacBordeaux; Important labelling termsAppellation Bordeaux ControleeChateau： 酒莊裝瓶Bordeaux AC red and dry 平衡，濃郁Bordeaux

9、; Important labelling termsAppellation Bordeaux Superieur ControleeSuperieur: 酒精含量略高較濃郁飽滿適合陳年BordeauxAppellation Medoc ControleeMedoc AC Haut-Medoc AC 醇厚，復(fù)雜 Cru Bourgeois （布爾喬亞）中級(jí)酒莊Bordeaux; Important labelling termsAppellation Margaux ControleePremierGrand Cru Classe列級(jí)酒莊（一級(jí)） 將優(yōu)雅與強(qiáng)勁，細(xì)致與濃厚以非常巧妙的姿態(tài)結(jié)合在

10、一起，而且非常的耐久BORDEAUX4430N45N4530NBordeaux ACN 0 10 20 Km0 10 MilesC O G N A CBergeracMedocPauillacHaut-MedocMargauxPessac-LeognanSAUTERNESGravesGirondeA T L A N T I O C E A NR. DordogneR. GaronnePomerolSt. EmilionLibourne4530N45N4430NBORDEAUXGRAVESGraves (red and dry white wines) Graves AC Pessac-Leog

11、inan AC a superior part of GravesCru Classe: the best chateaux (all lie within the Pessac-Leognan AC) SAUTERNES （蘇特恩，蘇玳）Sauternes Semillon Sauvignon Blanc MuscadelleThe AC heremade from grapes affected by noble rot (fungus)SAINT-EMILIONSaint-Emilionred wines only 只有紅葡萄酒Merlot-dominated in the blends

12、 梅洛為主soft, easy-to-drink wine 柔軟易飲分級(jí)Saint-Emilion AC Saint-Emilion Grand Cru ACa wine of superior quality BORDEAUX4430N45N4530NBordeaux ACN 0 10 20 Km0 10 MilesC O G N A CBergeracMedocPauillacHaut-MedocMargauxPessac-LeognanSAUTERNESGravesGirondeA T L A N T I O C E A NR. DordogneR. GaronnePomerolSt.

13、EmilionLibourne4530N45N4430NBORDEAUXPOMEROL （波美侯）四大產(chǎn)區(qū)中最小的區(qū)域不少稀世之珍酒莊：200微型氣候（Micro Climate）土壤（Terroir）小莊園的精工細(xì)致POMEROL （波美侯）MerlotPomerol (red wines only) Pomerol ACPOMEROL （波美侯）Chateaux Petrus （柏翠莊）POMEROL （波美侯）Chateaux Le Pin （樂龐莊）POMEROL （波美侯）The most important estatesChateaux Petrus 柏翠莊The greates

14、t Merlot of the world酒色深濃，氣味芳香充實(shí)酒體平衡，細(xì)致又豐厚，有成熟黑加侖子、洋梨、巧克力、牛奶、松露及多種橡木等香味。其味覺十分寬廣，盡顯酒中王者個(gè)性。從品質(zhì)還是價(jià)格都凌駕于其他波爾多酒王而成為名副其實(shí)的酒王之王。POMEROL （波美侯）The most important estatesChateaux Petrus （柏翠莊）& Le Pin （樂龐）The greatest Merlot of the world種植密度低，每棵葡萄樹只限幾串葡萄，確保濃度。樹齡都40-90年采用全新的橡木桶1-2年陳釀每三個(gè)月?lián)Q一次桶Wine producing region

15、sBordeauxBurgundyBurgundysituated in central France, long & narrowincludes Chablis to the North down to Beaujolais to the SouthN0 20 40 Km0 20 Miles46N47N48N48N47N46NAuxerreBeauneMconLYONChablisCte de Nuits Cte de BeauneMconnaisBeaujolaisA6R. RhneR. SoneR. SoneTerroir : climate典型的大陸性氣候冬季干燥寒冷春季伴有霜害夏秋

16、雖溫和，但常有冰雹地處法國(guó)中央山脈，緯度極高葡萄園大都處在面向南部或東南方向的緩緩山坡上，較好地抵抗了霜凍害，避免了西北風(fēng)侵襲，并有效地利用太陽(yáng)的光熱 SOIL TYPEVaries between the districts Cote dOr limestone, clay & marl石灰石，粘土 & 泥灰土GRAPE VARIETIESRedPinot Noir Elegant, & high acidityWhiteChardonnay classic white in BurgundyAge well, with fine bouquet （酒香） & depth of flavou

17、rBURGUNDYFragmented by a lot of small parts of famous vineyards is split up into over 1000 separate plots小氣候的復(fù)雜性和多樣性 CLIMATS 產(chǎn)量是波爾多的1/4BURGUNDYDomaine 酒莊a domaine is a producer that makes wine exclusively from grapes grown in their own vineyards. They do not buy in grapes, juice, or finished wines t

18、o sell under their own name.BurgundyChablisCote dOr (黃金坡)Maconnais （馬孔內(nèi)）Beaujolais （博若萊）N0 20 40 Km0 20 Miles46N47N48N48N47N46NAuxerreBeauneMconLYONChablisCte de Nuits Cte de BeauneMconnaisBeaujolaisA6R. RhneR. SoneR. SoneCte DeOrBurgundy: Important labelling termsVillagesPremier CruGrand CruClassic

19、 Pinot NoirCote dOr (黃金坡):Cote de NuitsCote de Beaune110平方公里的土地上有27個(gè)大小不等的群落32 個(gè) Grands Crus和375個(gè)Premiers Crus 葡萄園N0 20 40 Km0 20 Miles46N47N48N48N47N46NAuxerreBeauneMconLYONChablisCte de Nuits Cte de BeauneMconnaisBeaujolaisA6R. RhneR. SoneR. SoneBeaunePommardGevrey-Chambertin Nuits-Saint-GeorgesCla

20、ssic Pinot NoirCote dOr (黃金坡):Cote de NuitsLe Romanee-Conti (DRC）羅曼尼康帝most powerful 強(qiáng)勁Complex， concentration復(fù)雜，集中輕盈靈動(dòng)Burgundy- ChardonnayChablisBone-dry, high acidity, mineralCote dOr (黃金坡):Cote de Beaune (伯恩坡)Meursault 默爾索Puligny-Montrachet 普利尼-蒙哈謝Maconnais （馬孔內(nèi)）Pouilly-Fuisse普伊-芙賽N0 20 40 Km0 20 Miles46N47N48N48N47N46NAuxerreMconLYONChablisCte de Nuits Cte de BeauneMconnaisBeaujolaisA6R. RhneR. SoneR. SoneMeursaultPuligny-MontrachetPuilly-FuissBEAUJOLAIS ACs include:Beaujolais AC 博若萊大產(chǎn)區(qū)酒Beaujolais Nouveau ACreleased in the November following the h