旅游英語翻譯技巧課件

1、Everybody knows that China is a very big country in the world .It has a long history .there are many interesting places here.such as the Great wall ,the Summer palace and so on.so every year lots of people will come here to visit .“江山如此多嬌，引無數(shù)英雄競折腰”。中國的山水文化豐富，歷史文化厚重，風(fēng)土人情多姿多彩，真可謂“風(fēng)景這邊獨好！”中國人喜聞樂見的詩詞、楹聯(lián)

2、，有詩情畫意名稱的風(fēng)景名勝，百吃不厭的名菜名點，優(yōu)美動聽的古代傳說，令人眼花繚亂的京劇武打，以及更多的獨具中國文化特色的東西，都是海外游客慕名而來的原因。而遺憾的是，太多的趣味山水之趣、人文之趣、鄉(xiāng)音之趣丟失在翻譯之中（lost in translation） 如何將岳飛的滿江紅譯得朗朗上口，又保持氣勢？ 如何讓歐美游客更多欣賞到西湖天下景的“水水山山處處明明秀秀，晴晴雨雨時時好好奇奇”？ 如何翻譯小吃“西施舌”中的西施？ 如何譯出佛教中雅俗共賞的對子“大肚能容容世上難容之事，開口便笑笑天下可笑之人”？旅游文體翻譯浙江電大 舒曉楊ContentsTourism English introduc

3、tionThe problems and principles in Tourism translationNewmarks translation theories and its application in travelTourism English translation in cultural perspective Impact of cultural differences on tourism English translation Strategies of tourism translation in cultural perspective旅游翻譯的分類翻譯手段導(dǎo)譯、口譯

4、（包括視譯、交傳和同傳）、筆譯和機器翻譯。翻譯題材涉及語言語內(nèi)翻譯（intra-lingual ）語際翻譯 （inter-lingual ）符際翻譯 （inter-semiotic ）專業(yè)性翻譯（如同科技翻譯、法律翻譯等）一般性翻譯（如應(yīng)用文、社交、日常生活等的翻譯）文學(xué)翻譯 （如詩詞、楹聯(lián)、散文等的翻譯）Translation means :Guided translationInterpretation ( including sight translation, consecutive interpretation and simultaneous interpretation )Mac

5、hine TranslationThe classification of tourism translationTranslation themes :Professional translation ( such as technical translation, legal translation, etc. )General translation (such as practical , social, and daily life , etc.)Literary Translation ( such as poems, couplets , prose ,etc.)The clas

6、sification of tourism translationinvolve language： Intra-lingual（語內(nèi)翻譯） Inter-lingual（語際翻譯 ） Inter-semiotic（符際翻譯 ）旅游翻譯的分類CONTENTScontents1.Tourist guide (旅游指南)2. Travel itinerary（旅游日程）3. Notice（通知）4. Travel advertising and tour conditions （廣告和條件書）5. Guidebook (導(dǎo)游詞）headlineThe function of English used

7、 in travel is communication between different cultures, different places and different society. So in translation, adequate cultural conversion should be made to complete the cultural communication.FUNTIONSinformativeThe language should has enough and correct message which can be understood. directi

8、veTo guide visitors find the significance of landscape or sites.evocativeTo create certain feelings among the visitors.The problems and principles in Tourism translation 2、The style difference between Chinese and English E.g.滿樹金花、芳香四溢的金桂；花如白雪、香氣 撲鼻的銀桂；紅里透黃、花多味濃的紫砂桂；花色似銀、季季有花的四季桂；競相開放，競艷媲美。進入桂林公園，陣陣桂

9、香撲鼻而來。 The Park of Sweet Osmanthus is noted for its profusion of osmanthus treesFlowers from these trees in different colors are in full bloom which pervade the whole garden with the fragrance of their blossomsRevised: The Park of Sweet Osmanthus is known for its profusion of osmanthus trees and var

10、iety of osmanthus flowersIt boasts golden osmanthus，silver osmanthus，purple osmanthus，four-season osmanthus，and much moreThey are in full bloom in the golden fall，filling the whole garden with their sweet fragrance Source language orientation/Source language culture orientation(以譯出語或譯出語文化為取向) This s

11、tandard is often used in tourism translation in order to retain the original authentic and distinctive features. E.g. Yellow Stone Park, Minzu Hotel, Lingyin Temple; Jiuzhaigou Valley。 The principles of tourism translationTarget language orientation/Target language culture orientation（以譯入語或譯入語文化為取向）

12、 This standard makes it easy for tourists to understand. E.g.望湖飯店（lakeview hotel） 頤和園（Summer Palace）The principles of tourism translationTourist orientation（以旅游者為取向） This standard should be the first choice among all standards. E.g.這種冬青樹，你們稱為“圣誕樹”，我們俗稱“鳥不宿”。 This holly is what you call a “Christmas

13、tree”, and it is what locally known as “unperchable”. The principles of tourism translationEsthetic orientation（以美學(xué)為取向） This standard is mainly used to translate poetry, couplets when publicity and popularize the Chinese landscape culture. The purpose of it is to express the aesthetic value of the w

14、orks as much as possible.E.g. 仿膳Imperial Food 杭州煨雞-Beggars Chicken 狗不理-Dogs Dont Leave 西施舌The Beautys Tongue The principles of tourism translationNewmarks translation theories and its application in travel（1）semantic translation（語義翻譯）（2）communication translation（交際翻譯）The target language structureTo

15、make the target readers by the effects of theSource language readers by the effects of the same In the translation of travel , we should combine the Semantic translation with communicative translation.Introduction of Newmarks theorySemantic translation(語義翻譯) and communicative translation（交際翻譯） are t

16、he most influential and characteristic part of Newmarks translation theoriesSemantic translation emphasized the semantic content of the original while communicative translation stressed the under-standing and response of target reader.Introduction of Newmarks theory（2）蘇州拙政園有一幅明代書畫家文徴明手書的唐代詩句組成的對聯(lián)： 蟬

17、噪林愈靜 鳥鳴山更幽 英譯為： Cicadas, chirping, make the forest all the more peaceful, Birds, singing, make the mountain all the more secluded. Translation of couplets（3） 水水山山處處明明秀秀 晴晴雨雨時時好好奇奇字面直譯為： Water Water Hill Hill Place Place Bright Bright Beautiful Beautiful; Fine Fine Rain Rain Moment Moment Pleasant Pl

18、easant Wonderful Wonderful. 意譯為： With water and hill, every place looks bright and beautiful; Rain or shine, every moment appears pleasant and wonderful. （陳剛，2004）Translation of couplets（4） 大肚能容容世上難容之事 開口便笑笑天下可笑之人英譯時可保持句子結(jié)構(gòu)的對應(yīng)： His belly is big enough to contain all intolerable things on earth; His

19、mouth is ever ready to laugh at all snobbish persons under heaven. （陳剛，2004）Translation of couplets（5） 重重疊疊山， 曲曲環(huán)環(huán)路， 丁丁冬冬泉， 高高下下樹。保持詞義層對應(yīng)： The hills range after range; The trails winding and climbing; The creeks murmuring and gurgling; The trees high and lowlyTranslation of coupletsImpact of cultura

20、l differences on tourism English translationContentsCultural factors in tourist materialsTranslation Difficulties Caused by Cultural DifferencesThe Principle of Skopostheorie in Tourist Translation1. Cultural factors in tourist materialsBuddhism and Taoism（佛教道教） Religious Culture南京“六朝古都” “十代都會” Hist

21、orical CultureIt used to be the capital of six dynasties or called the national capital of ten dynasties.It used to be the capital of six dynasties and the national capital ten times.Christianity（基督教）VS蘭州 “金城” Geography Culture Cuisine Culture全家福stewed assorted meats1. Cultural factors in tourist ma

22、terials譯文1：Gold City譯文2： City of metal, which means a strongly fortified city螞蟻上樹bean vermicelli with spicy meat sauce西湖藕粉lotus root paste/powder /pudding (starch)2. Difficulties Caused by Cultural Differences in Translation Lexical（詞匯） DifficultiesBlank of Word Meaning（詞義缺失）Conflicts of Word Meanin

23、g（詞意沖突）“the west wind” (西風(fēng)）“生肖”Chinese people traditionally use 12 animals, representing the 12 Earthly Branches, to symbolize the year in which a person is born. for ChineseSentiment and desolationfor Britain hope, spring and power2. Difficulties Caused by Cultural Differences in Translation Stylis

24、tic（文體） DifficultiesFlowery versus Concise （華麗與簡潔）Parataxis versus Hypotaxis（形合與意合）巫峽兩岸，群山相擁，云遮霧繞，奇峰異嶺隱沒其間，宛如仙境。景色奇妙處要數(shù)巫山十二峰，而尤以神女峰獨具神韻。巡游于此恍若漫步于大自然的藝術(shù)長廊，美不勝收.On the bank of the Wu Gorge are mist-covered fairy-land-like mountains and grotesque peaks. The most marvelous scene here is the twelve mount

25、ains peaks, and in particular, Goddess Mount peak. To cruise here in like wandering in a natural art gallery.3. The Principle of Skopostheorie in Tourist TranslationSkopos Rule(目的法則）Coherence Rule(連貫法則）Fidelity Rule（忠實法則）The top-ranking rule for any translationThe end justifies the means.（目的決定手段）The

26、 target tests must be comprehensible to receivers in target language culture and the communicative situation.There must be an inter-textual coherence between the source tests and target texts.Each text is produced for a given purpose and should serve this purpose.Hans VermeerExamples北京的嘴，西安的腿，桂林的山和水

27、。 譯文1：Beijings leg，Xians mouth，and Guilins mountain and water.譯文2：In Beijing, there are so many places to see that the tourist guide has to walk a lot; in Xian, there are so many histories to tell that he has to talk a lot; in Guilin, he does not have to talk or walk a lot, because the beautiful mou

28、ntains and rivers are attractive enough for the travelers themselves to see and enjoy. 該旅館位于“十里蛙聲不斷，九溪曲流潺潺”的好地方。譯文：This is a really comfortable hotel endowed with poetic environment.croaking of frogs（蛙聲） babbling of streams（潺潺流水）3. The Principle of Skopostheorie in Tourist TranslationThanks you!Stra

29、tegies of tourist translationRewriteAmplificationDelete ApproachTranslation of tourist signsTranslation of tourist attractionsMain contentsCulture substitution漢語景點的名稱，從其語法結(jié)構(gòu)上分析可以表示為“專有名稱+通名（種類名稱）”的偏正詞組形式。如：“乾清宮”、 “云居寺”Literal translation 直譯 通名（種類名詞）Liberal translation 意譯 專有名詞Transcription 音譯 Transla

30、tion of tourist attractions(1)專名音譯 通名直譯豫園 Yu-Garden漓江 Li-River少林寺 Shaolin-Temple翻譯中國自然景觀和人文景觀的名稱大多不完全用音譯，而是采取直譯、意譯、音譯兼三種方法結(jié)合等：Translation of tourist attractions(2) 專名和通名均意譯，即“意譯+意譯”玉佛寺 Jade Buddha Temple頤和園 The Summer Palace虎丘 Tiger Hill鐘樓 Clock Tower碑林 Stone ForestTranslation of tourist attractions

31、（3）音譯和意譯結(jié)合（音譯加注解法）For example大觀園 Daguanyuan (Grand View Garden)稻香村 Daoxiangcun(Paddy-Sweet Cottage) 怡紅院 Yihongyuan (Happy Red Court)花港觀魚 Hua Gang Guan Yu (Viewing Fish at Flower Harbor)孤山 Gushan (Solitary Hill)Translation of tourist attractions簡明性（concise ） 傳遞信息（informative） 誘導(dǎo)行動 （appellative) For e

32、xample湖區(qū)水深，注意安全。 Deep water! Beware.需要幫助，請按按鈕/請按鈴 Press/Ring for assistance珍惜文物古跡，勿亂刻亂涂。 No graffiti!小心碰頭 Caution: low ceilingHong Kong，live it love it. 香港，樂在此，愛在此Welcome to Jiangsu，the heartland of Orient culture! 夢江蘇情與水的中國文化之鄉(xiāng)Translation of tourist signsWater Park增添理解原文內(nèi)容所必需的背景知識For example清明節(jié)Qing

33、 Ming Festival，a time to remember the dead when people traditionally go to visit the tombs of the deceased潑水節(jié)Water-Sprinkling Festival （a big festival for the Dai nationality to wish everyone happiness by splashing water to one another紹興是越瓷的產(chǎn)地。Shaoxing is the home of Yue Porcelain. Yue is a state name used to refer to the Shaoxing region in Ancient China. 如果不增加說明，外國游客不知這種瓷器為什么叫越瓷，以不知紹興和“越”有何關(guān)系。Amplification借用手法指借典譯典，借譯語表達式和形象來翻譯源語有特定文化含義的表達式和形象，以求等效”（何自然等，2004） 梁山伯與祝英臺羅密歐與