高中英語Unit 3 Tomorrows world Grammar and usage課件牛津必修四

1、2021/8/11 星期三1Grammar and usage2021/8/11 星期三2Revision2021/8/11 星期三3Look at the following sentences. Point out the verb, the subject and the object in each of these sentencesand change them into passive voice.We keep food in the fridge. The boy broke the glass. You must close the windows and the door

2、. Food is kept in the fridge.The glass was broken by the boy.The windows and the door must be closed.2021/8/11 星期三4Whats the difference between active voice and passive voice?2021/8/11 星期三5Tense The active voice The passive voice The simple present do/does am/is/are done The present continuous am/is

3、/are doingam/is/are being doneThe present perfecthas/have donehas/have been done The simple future be going to/will do be going to/will be done The simple past did was/were done The past continuous was/were doing was/were being done The past perfect had done had been done2021/8/11 星期三6Point 1Usually

4、 the doer of the action neednt be mentioned in the passive sentence, but if it is needed, we use by to introduce the doer of the action. For example,How can it be used in other ways? ( It is difficult to say who the doer is.) Upon reaching the top of the mountain, a feeling of happiness and a sense

5、of achievement will be experienced. ( It is not necessary to mention the doer.)2021/8/11 星期三7Point 2When a verb is followed by two objects, either of the objects can be used as the subject in the passive sentence. However, you should know the difference between using the person and the thing as the

6、subject. For example: Our teacher often tells us some interesting stories in English.We are often told some interesting stories in English.Some interesting stories are often told to us in English.2021/8/11 星期三8My friends gave me some nice presents onmy birthday.I was given some nice presents on my b

7、irthday by my friends.Some nice presents were given to me on my birthday by my friends.My mother will make us a cake this Saturday.We will be made a cake by my mother this Saturday.A cake will be made for us by my mother this Saturday.2021/8/11 星期三9Point 3When an infinitive is used as an object comp

8、lement after some verbs, such asmake, let,notice, observe,see, watch, or hear, in the active voice, the infinitive maker to should be omitted,but if the sentence is changed into the passive voice, to should be used before the infinitive. More examples:I often hear the girl play the piano in the afte

9、rnoon.The girl is often heard to play the piano in the afternoon.2021/8/11 星期三10The teacher makes his students write a composition every week.The students are made to write a composition every week.2021/8/11 星期三11Point 4Get can also be used in the passive voiceinstead of be. For example,My bike got

10、stolen last night.Youd better get changed quickly, for the party will begin soon.This window seems to have got broken.2021/8/11 星期三12Point 5Some verbs used in the active give a passive meaning. For example,This sweater washes well.The pen writes smoothly.2021/8/11 星期三13Point 6Some transitive verbs c

11、annot be usedin the passive voice, for these verbs indicate states not actions. For example,I like pop songs and often listen to them.He has a big house near the river.You can depend on her to deal with the situation.2021/8/11 星期三14There are two special sentence patterns which can be used in the pas

12、sive voice. It is hoped/believed/reported/thought/ that. orSb. is hoped/believed/reported/thought/ to do sth.(1) 人們希望他的身體很快會好起來.It is hoped that he will be better soon.He is hoped to be better soon.2021/8/11 星期三15It is reported that another manned satellite will be sent into the moon next month.Anot

13、her manned satellite is reported to be sent into the moon next month. (2) 據(jù)報道,下個月又一顆人造衛(wèi)星將會被發(fā)送到月球上.The three missing sailors are believed to have drowned .It is believed that the three missing sailors have drowned.(3) 人們認(rèn)為這三個失蹤的海員已經(jīng)淹死了.2021/8/11 星期三16 Some interesting technologies (1) _developed at t

14、he moment. The first is a jacket created by (2) _.The smart jacket has _this year. It includes a built-in mobile phone and an MP3player. It has been worn by (4)_, who found it comfortable and very “cool”. The second is a power-free fridge.It (5) _ by a farmer from Nigeria. To keep fruit and vegetabl

15、es Complete the report according to the given Information on Page 49. are being Electric Wear been developed teenagerswas invented 2021/8/11 星期三17fresh for three weeks, only two clay pots and some wet sand (6) _ it is totally power-free. Scientists responsible for soya bean plastic say that studies

16、into natural plastic have (7) _,and that various plastic materials (8) _ soon. The natural plastic (9) _ made of soya beans, meaning less rubbish. Last but not least is the Sonic Washer.At last years Tech Expo, the development of a new kind of washing machine (10) _. This year, the Sonic Washer (11)

17、 _ finally _.are used been completed will be produced will be was announced shownwas2021/8/11 星期三18Clothes (12) _ without liquid soap or washing power. These new technologies will be on display throughout the week at Tech Expo.are cleaned 2021/8/11 星期三19 Modal verbs in the passive voice in the prese

18、nt and the past tenses: Go over Parts 1 and 2 on page 50. Complete the following report by referring to the information given on Page 50. 2021/8/11 星期三20It has been suggested that travel sickness _ by using virtual reality (VR). This could be of great benefit to peopleand will be researched further.

19、 200 volunteers will take part in our study. For 20 days, a virtual car trip (2) _ every day by eachvolunteer. The trips (3) _ to last between 20 and 30 minutes. A VR headset (4) _ by the volunteers. Over time, volunteers (5) _ used to the feeling of motion. In this way, their need for travel sickne

20、ss pills (6)_. Hopefully, travel sickness (7) _ in some sufferers. can be reduced must be taken should be made must be worn may become ought to be reduced might be cured 2021/8/11 星期三21Complete some sentences by choosing one of the two words given. The child are getting _ about the coming holiday. (

21、exciting; excited)Dont you get _ of arguing about the same thing all the time? (tiring; tired) Joan isnt very good at Physics, so everyone was _ when she passed the exam. (surprising; surprised)2021/8/11 星期三22All of us were very _ last Saturday because our team lost the game. (disappointing; disappo

22、inted)It was snowing last night. So everything is _ with snow this morning. (covering; covered)My parents are quite _ with my best results. (pleasing; pleased)Both of them are _ with the arrangement. (satisfying; satisfied)2021/8/11 星期三23Complete the article on Page 51. 2021/8/11 星期三24Notes:Not all

23、transitive verbs can be used in the passive voice.Such verbs usually refer to states,not actions,such as have,want,like and lack.They have a nice house with a small beautiful garden. This pair of shoes doesnt fit me. I would like you to go swimming with me.We want you to be in charge of the work. (2

24、) Not all prepositional verbs, that is, verb + a preposition, can be used in the passive voice 2021/8/11 星期三25(3) In some situations, a past /present participle should be used after be. All of the people at the meeting agreed with me.The dog belongs to my cousin.After getting off his car, he walked

25、into the house.Im tired of doing the same thing day after day. The job is really tiring.I didnt think the story was frightening, but Helen was frightened by it.2021/8/11 星期三26Practice:1. All the employees except the manager _to work online at home. （04廣東） A. encourages B. encourage C. is encouraged

26、D. are encouraged2. The number of deaths from heart disease will be reduced greatly if people _to eat more fruit and vegetables. （04上海） A. persuade B. will persuade C. be persuaded D. are persuaded3. The mayor of Beijing says that all construction work for the Beijing Olympics _by 2008. （04 北京) A. h

27、as been completedB. has completed C. will have been completed D. will have completed2021/8/11 星期三274. More patients _in hospital this year than last year. （04江蘇） A. treated B. have treated C. had been treated D. have been treated5. No permission has _ for anybody to enter the building. (MET88)A. bee

28、n givenB. given C. to giveD. be giving6. The police found that the house _ and a lot of things_.(MET90) A. has broken into, has been stolen B. had broken into, had been stolen C. has been broken into, stolen D. had been broken into, stolen2021/8/11 星期三287. Have you moved into the new house?(MET91) N

29、ot yet, the rooms _. A. are being paintedB. are painting C. are paintedD. are being painting8. If city noises _ from increasing, people _ shout to be heard even at the dinner table 20 years from now. (MET 92) A. are not kept; will have to B. are not kept; have to C. do not keep; will have to D. do n

30、ot keep; have to9. I dont know the restaurant , but its _to be quite a good one .(MET95) A. said B. told C. spoken D. talked.10. -_the sports meet might be put off. -Yes, it all depends on the weather. (MET95) A. Ive been told B. Ive told C. Im told D. I told2021/8/11 星期三2911. Cleaning women in big

31、cities usually get _by the hour.(MET98) A. pay B. paying C. paid D. to pay12. The heros story _ differently in the newspaper.(05全國II) A. was reportedB. was reporting C. reports D. reported13. She will tell us why she feels so strongly that each of us has a role _ in making the earth a better place t

32、o live.(03春季上海) A. to have played B. to play C. to be played D. to be playing 2021/8/11 星期三3014. Sarah, hurry up. Im afraid you cant have time to _ before the party.（04全國II） A. get changedB. get change C. get changing D. get to change15. According to the art dealer, the painting _ to go for at last

33、a million dollars.(04全國III) A. is expected B. expects C. expected D. is expecting16. I cant see any coffee in this cupboard._? (05北京春) A. Has it all been finished B. Was it all finished C. Has it all finished D. Did it all finish17. After a fire broke out in the lab, a lot of equipment .(05北京春) A. is damaged B. had damaged C. damaged D. was damaged2021/8/11 星期三3118. Dont you think it necessary that he _ to Miami but to New York? I agree, but the problem is _ he has refused to.(05江蘇) A. will not be sent; that B. not be sent; that C. should not be sent; what D. should n