定語從句在寫作中的應(yīng)用概要課件

1、The Attributive Clause 定語從句在寫作中的運用The Attributive Clause What is the Attributive clause?在復(fù)合句中修飾名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句。定語從句復(fù)習(xí) What is the Attributive claus 定語從句復(fù)習(xí)I have a friend先行詞關(guān)系詞定語從句The book that you boughtis very interesting.定語從句：一個句子作定語。先行詞：被定語從句修飾的名詞或代詞。關(guān)系詞：引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞翻譯：.的 （翻譯在先行詞的前面）who is good at sing

2、ing. 定語從句復(fù)習(xí)I have a friend先行詞關(guān)系詞定語定語從句復(fù)習(xí)定語從句The Restrictive Attributive Clause限制性定語從句The Non-Restrictive Attributive Clause非限制性定語從句定語從句復(fù)習(xí)定語從句The Restrictive Attr關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系副詞who whom that which whose aswhen where why關(guān)系詞非限制性定語從句與主句用逗號隔開, 不可用that引導(dǎo)且關(guān)系代詞不可以省略，可用which/as代替整個主句。注意事項：關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系副詞who whom that whic

3、h 1.關(guān)系詞分為_和_.2.關(guān)系詞作用：_先行詞成分所用關(guān)系詞關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)從句代替先行詞充當(dāng)成分who/thatWhom/that/who/可省which/thatthat/which/可省WhosewhereWhenWhy人主人賓物主賓定狀語狀語狀語物人或物地點時間the reason1.關(guān)系詞分為_和_.先1. I know the man _is working over there .2. The boy _ I saw yesterday lives in another town.3. The boy _John is speaking is my brother.4.

4、I know the boy _ father is a teacher who/thatwhose(who /whom /that) with whom5 .They planted the trees _ didnt need much water 6 .The fish _ we bought were not fresh 7 .This is the mountain _ I told you .8. We are living in a building _doors face south.that/which(that/which)about whichwhose1. I know

5、 the man _i9. I like the house _we live now .10. I remember the day _China was founded .11.This is the reason _Tom was late .wherewhenwhy12. I saw a woman _bag was stolen.13. The reason _he was late was that he got up late. 14. I still remember the day _I first came to Beijing.15. It is an important

6、 day _ I will never forget.16. The park _ they paid a visit to is beautiful.whosewhywhenwhichwhich9. I like the house _we17.His father, _ works in Beijing, came back yesterday.18. Shanghai, _is in East China, is developing quickly.19.My mother, _ you met last year, keeps telling me not to take them

7、because they are dangerous.20.He failed in the exam , _ made his parents angry.whowhichwhomwhich17.His father, _ works 關(guān)系代詞as與which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句的區(qū)別.1.位置:as從句可在主句前或主句后,而which從句只可在主句后.2.意義:as從句常是一些固定結(jié)構(gòu),(如as is known to all, as we expected, as everybody knows等,而且譯為”正如.,恰如”.) which從句多為對主句的一種評價看法,或者主從句之間形成一

8、種因果關(guān)系.關(guān)系代詞as與which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句的區(qū)別.The earth is round._ is known to all.The earth is round,_ is known to all._ is known to all, the earth is round_ is known to all that the earth is round._is known to all is _the earth is round.Itwhich/ as AsItas 具有正如之意，與之搭配的動詞一般是固定的，如：as you know/ as you see/as we pla

9、nned/as we expected定語從句在句首時只能用as,He failed in the exam, which made his parents angry.As we had expected, he failed in the exam.What thatThe earth is round._ is knas 引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句 (1)This is the same pen as I lost.This is the same pen that I lost.Please compare:這本書和我丟的那本一模一樣。這本書就是我丟的那本。as 引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句 (

10、1)This is the as 引導(dǎo)的限制性定語從句 (2)This is such an interesting book _ we all like.This is so interesting a book _ we all like.This is such an interesting book _we all like it.This is so interesting a book _we all like it.asthatPlease complete the following sentences and compare:asthat這是大家都喜歡的如此有趣的一本書。(定

11、語從句)這本書如此有趣，大家都喜歡。(結(jié)果狀語從句)as 引導(dǎo)的限制性定語從句 (2)This is such 定語從句與并列句的區(qū)別：1.The old man has two sons. Both of _are doctors.2.The old man has two sons, and both of _ are doctors.3.The old man has two sons, both of _are doctors.themthemwhom定語從句與并列句的區(qū)別：themthemwhom重點:介詞+關(guān)系代詞提醒: 介詞關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句, 關(guān)鍵 是判斷介詞的選擇.方法一

12、:根據(jù)從句中動詞與介詞的習(xí)慣搭配 或先行詞與介詞的習(xí)慣搭配1.The man _ you shook hands just now is our headmaster.with whomin which2.The room _ my family live used to be a garage.重點:介詞+關(guān)系代詞提醒: 介詞關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句,當(dāng)遇固定詞組時，介詞一般緊跟詞組主體，不作前置 Is this the book (which/that) you are looking for ? 注意：關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作介詞賓語時，從句常常由“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引出。此時關(guān)系代詞只能用w

13、hich 或 whom; 不可用that 或who 代替當(dāng)遇固定詞組時，介詞一般緊跟詞組主體，不作前置 Is thi1.介詞+關(guān)系代詞=關(guān)系副詞on which=whenin which =wherefor which=whyWell never forget the day _ we join the Party.Tom lives in a town _there are many cultural events.Finding a job as a singer was the reason _I moved.方法二:根據(jù)從句中動詞與先行詞的邏輯關(guān)系1.介詞+關(guān)系代詞=關(guān)系副詞on wh

14、ich=whenin This is the teacher whose daughter is a famous doctor.=This is the teacher_ is a famous doctor. 2.名詞+介詞+關(guān)系代詞the daughter of whom=of whom the daughter2.名詞+介詞+關(guān)系代詞the daughter of whRecently I bought an ancient Chinese vase（花瓶）, _ was very reasonable（合理的）. A. which price B. the price of whic

15、hC. its price D. the price of whose Recently I bought an ancient CWe have three foreign teachers, _are from Canada. (其中的兩個）3.數(shù)詞+介詞+關(guān)系代詞(含基數(shù)詞，序數(shù)詞，分?jǐn)?shù)和百分?jǐn)?shù)） two of whomWe have three foreign teachersThe factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, 80% _ are sold abroad. A. of whichB. which

16、of C. of them D. of that The factory produces half a mi4. 代詞+介詞+關(guān)系代詞（代詞有all, both, none, neither, either, some, any等） The old woman has two sons, _ are teachers.（兩個都是）both of whom4. 代詞+介詞+關(guān)系代詞（代詞有all, both, noLast week, two persons came to see the house, _wanted to buy it.A. both of theyB. neither o

17、f whom C. both of them D. all of whomLast week, two persons came to5. 形容詞最高級+介詞+關(guān)系代詞China has thousands of islands, _ is Taiwan Island.（其中最大的）the largest of which5. 形容詞最高級+介詞+關(guān)系代詞China has tho There are two buildings, _ stands nearly a hundred feet high. A. the larger B. the larger of them C. the la

18、rger one that D. the larger of which There are two buildings, _1. She will never forget the day_ she spent in Beijing.A、when B、whatC、which D、whyC She will never forget the day_ she stayed with him in Beijing.A綜合練習(xí)1. She will never forget the d2. I，_ your good friend, will try my best to help you out

19、.A、who is B、what is C、what am D、who am D3. Which of the two cows _ you keep produces more milk?A、which B、thatC、what D、asB2. I，_ your good friend, 4. His walking stick, _ he cant walk, was lost yesterday.A、thatB、with whichC、whichD、without whichD4. His walking stick, _ he 5. There are three libraries

20、in our school, _ were built five years ago.A、all of them B、either of themC、all of which D、both of that6.I bought some books from the bookstore, five _were English novels.A. of which B. whichC. that D. in whichCA名詞/代詞/數(shù)詞+of+ which /whom引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句5. There are three libraries i7. (06浙江) I was given thr

21、ee books on cooking, the first _I really enjoyed. A. of that B. of which C. that D. whichB8. The watches which _ repaired last week have not been sent back . A. was B. is C. were D. are C7. (06浙江) I was given three bo9.Here are players from Japan, some of _ are our old friends. Here are some players

22、 from Japan and some of _ are our old friends. A. which B. that C. whom D. them10.改錯：I have two sons, both of them enjoy English.非限制性定語從句并列句CDthem改為whomboth前加and9.Here are players from Japan,強調(diào)時間狀語和地點狀語時與定語從句的區(qū)別：1. It was in 1921 that our Party was founded.2. It was 1921 when our Party was founded.3

23、. It was at the street corner that I met Lucy yesterday.4. It was the street corner where I met Lucy yesterday. 3.Was it in this palace _ the last emperor died? A. that B. in which C. in where D. which1. It was on the farm _ we practised planting crops.2. It was the farm _ we learned a lot .thatwher

24、e4 .It was yesterday when we chatted a lot on line .(改錯）5. It was at there that Tom was killed yesterday . (改錯）Test:thatat(強調(diào)句式)(其他從句)強調(diào)時間狀語和地點狀語時與定語從句的區(qū)別：3.Was it They finished the experiment in the lab that which was set up by Mr Smith .強調(diào)句型中含有定語從句 定語從句It was in the lab that was set up by Mr Smith

25、 that they finished the experiment .They finished the experiment i強調(diào)句型中含有定語從句 1.It was in the small house was built with stones by his father he spent his childhood. A. which that B. that where C. which which D. that which2.It was playing computer games cost the boy plenty of time he ought to have s

26、pent doing his lessons.that which 3.Where did you meet Tom?-It was at the hotel _he stayed .領(lǐng)會wherethat I met Tom .強調(diào)句型中含有定語從句that which 3.Where 同位語從句與定語從句的區(qū)別:相同點：從句前都是名詞。不同點： 1.同位語從句用以解釋、說明名詞的內(nèi)容 定語從句用以修飾、限定名詞或代詞 2.同位語從句中引導(dǎo)詞再從句中不做成分，不可省 定語從句中關(guān)系詞替代前面的名詞或代詞，在從句中做成分，做賓語時可省略。注意 同位語從句與定語從3.同位語從句的引導(dǎo)詞不可省略;

27、 定語從句的關(guān)系代詞作賓語時?？墒÷?。 The news that he died is true.The news is true.That he died is true.他死了這個消息是真的。 The news (that) he told me is exciting.他告訴我的這個消息很振奮人心。3.同位語從句的引導(dǎo)詞不可省略;The news that 填入適當(dāng)?shù)倪B接詞，并判斷是定語從句還是同位語從句： 1) The fact_ he used to be a thief is known to all. 2) We were surprised by the fact _ she

28、 told us. 3) The next thing _ must be done is to make a plan. 4) Word came _ our army had won the battle.5) Weve just heard a warning on the radio _ a hurricane is likely to come.that同that/which定that定that同that同 填入適當(dāng)?shù)倪B接詞，并判斷是定語從句還是同位語從句：that改錯練習(xí)1 The watch that my father gave it to me was made in Sha

29、nghai .2 He wrote a lot of novels , most of them were popular. 3 He is the only one of the teachers who know Japanese. 4 1949 was the year when marked the beginning of the new life. 5 The house which windows were damaged has been repaired. 6 It was the bus stop that I met her.7 That was the reason w

30、hy he gave me yesterday .whichknowswhichwhosewhereatwhich改錯練習(xí)1 The watch that my father8.I dont like the way which you talked to your friend.9. Soon they came to a farm house, and in front of which sat a small boy.10. We heard the news which our team won the game.11. The reason which he explained it

31、 sounds reasonable.12 The factory where we worked there last year was built in 2000.13 I often think of the days when I spent with him.14 Can you show me the book which were written by your friend ?15 I live in the room whose window face south. whichfacesthatinitthat was8.I dont like the way which y

32、總結(jié)：1.正確使用關(guān)系代詞（作主語、賓語、定語或表語） 和關(guān)系副詞（作狀語）2.先行詞在從句中不能重復(fù)出現(xiàn)。3.注意定語從句中謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。（看先行詞）4.注意強調(diào)句與定語從句的區(qū)分。5.注意定語從句中介詞+關(guān)系詞用法中介詞的選擇。總結(jié)：定語從句之定語從句在作文中的簡單運用定語從句之定語從句在作文中的簡單運用用定語從句翻譯短語和句子1.一個叫做Tom的男孩a boy who is called Tom 3.教我們英語的老師the teacher who teaches us English 2.我認(rèn)識一個叫做Tom的男孩。I know a boy who is called Tom.4.

33、教我英語的老師來自于美國。The teacher who teaches us English comes from American用定語從句翻譯短語和句子1.一個叫做Tom的男孩a boy 5.昨天我媽媽給我的錢the money that my mother gave me yesterday 7.矗立在河邊的樓房The building which stands by the river6. 我丟了昨天媽媽給我的錢I lost the money that my mother gave me yesterday.8. 矗立在河邊的樓房是我們的學(xué)校。The building which

34、stands by the river is our school.9.那位皮包被偷了的女士 the woman whose bag was stolen10. 那位皮包被偷了的女士報了警。The woman whose bag was stolen called the police. 5.昨天我媽媽給我的錢the money that my 11. 我們在農(nóng)場工作的開心日子the happy time when we worked on the farm 12. 我們永遠(yuǎn)無法忘記我們在農(nóng)場工作的開心日子。We will never forget the happy time when we

35、 worked on the farm 13. 她工作的工廠the factory where she works14. 我們昨天參觀了她工作的工廠。We visited the factory where she works yesterday. 11. 我們在農(nóng)場工作的開心日子the happy tim15. 她沒有去學(xué)校的原因the reason why she didnt go to school16. 她沒有去學(xué)校的原因是她病了。The reason why she didnt go to school was that she was ill.17. 湯姆又遲到了，這使老師很生氣。

36、Tom was late again, which made the teacher angry.18. 瑪麗在英語競賽中獲得第一名，這使他父母很高興。Mary won the first place in the English Competition, which made her parents very happy.15. 她沒有去學(xué)校的原因the reason why sh翻譯下列句子1.不努力學(xué)習(xí)的學(xué)生不會通過考試的。The students who dont study hard will not pass the exam.2.她上周買的房子非常好看。The house ,wh

37、ich she bought last week ,is very nice .翻譯下列句子1.不努力學(xué)習(xí)的學(xué)生不會通過考試的。The st3.這就是他爸爸工作的地方。This is the place where his father works.4.你們已經(jīng)取得了很大的進(jìn) 步，這使老師非常高興.You have made great progress, which makes your teacher very happy.3.這就是他爸爸工作的地方。This is the plac5.眾所周知，他是一個好學(xué)生。As is well-known, he is a good student.

38、It is well-known that he is a good student.What is well-known is that he is a good student.6.北京是中國的首都，它是一座 美麗的城市。Beijing, which is the capital city of China, is a very beautiful city.5.眾所周知，他是一個好學(xué)生。As is well-know7.魯迅的原名(real name)是周樹人。在他的一生中他寫了很多小說和散文（prose)Luxun, whose real name is ZhouShuren, wrote many novels and proses in