(完整版)高鐵應(yīng)急管理

1、 摘要近年來，我國高速鐵路迅速發(fā)展，但是突發(fā)事件在高速鐵路的運(yùn)營過程中時(shí)有發(fā)生，若不能及時(shí)正確處理，極易造成車毀人亡的重大行車事故，對國家和社會造成巨大損失和惡劣影響。世界各國為了應(yīng)對多種突發(fā)事件，都制定了合理可行的應(yīng)急管理體系。而應(yīng)急預(yù)案在高速鐵路應(yīng)急管理體系中屬于一個(gè)細(xì)分層面，是應(yīng)急方法與應(yīng)急資源的集合，換一種說法，在各鐵路局編制的應(yīng)急預(yù)案被看做是應(yīng)急管理體系成果的集中體現(xiàn)，涉及了各類突發(fā)事件協(xié)調(diào)組織、應(yīng)急資源的適用、人員和組織機(jī)構(gòu)的職責(zé)、救援方法等。高速鐵路具有速度快，運(yùn)量大，密度高的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，但如果高速鐵路發(fā)生事故，所產(chǎn)生的后果會極為嚴(yán)重。因此，如何加強(qiáng)高速鐵路的應(yīng)急管理能力，保證高速鐵路

2、運(yùn)輸安全始終是鐵路運(yùn)輸工作中的重中之重。本文在分析了國內(nèi)外高速鐵路應(yīng)急管理成果的基礎(chǔ)之上，就高速鐵路應(yīng)急管理相關(guān)問題進(jìn)行深入研究，研究內(nèi)容如下：（1）分析了鐵路安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理的概念、性質(zhì)與影響，闡述了鐵路應(yīng)急管理的定義及原則，并研究風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理和應(yīng)急管理之間的聯(lián)系。（2）對我國高速鐵路應(yīng)急管理體系的現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行分析，結(jié)合應(yīng)急預(yù)案在應(yīng)急管理體系中的核心地位，列舉了近年來高速鐵路運(yùn)營中應(yīng)急處置案例，總結(jié)其應(yīng)急處置的相關(guān)經(jīng)驗(yàn)。（3）構(gòu)建了以應(yīng)急預(yù)案為核心要素的指標(biāo)評價(jià)體系，對我國現(xiàn)有的應(yīng)急預(yù)案體系進(jìn)行評價(jià)，發(fā)現(xiàn)其中的不足，并給出改進(jìn)的意見和建議。關(guān)鍵詞：高速鐵路，應(yīng)急管理，風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理，應(yīng)急預(yù)案AbstractI

3、nrecentyears,withtherapiddevelopmentofthehigh-speedrailwayinourcountry,butthesuddeneventsinhighspeedrailwayoperationsoccurfromtimetotime,ifnottimelyandcorrecttreatment,extremelyeasytocausethecarcrashofamajortrafficaccident,tothestateandsocietycausedhugelossesandadverseeffects.Countriesintheworldtore

4、spondtoavarietyofemergencies,havedevelopedareasonableandfeasibleemergencymanagementsystem.Andemergencyplansinrailwayemergencymanagementsystembelongstoasubdivisionlevel,isacollectionofmethodsofemergencyandemergencyresources,changeakindofview,seenasaconcentratedexpressionoftheresultsoftheemergencymana

5、gementsystemintherailwaybureautopreparecontingencyplans,coordinationoftheorganizationinvolvedinallkindsofemergencyevents,emergencyresourceapplication,staffandorganizationofduties,rescuemethods.Highspeedrailwayhastheadvantagesofhighspeed,largevolumeandhighdensity,butbecauseoftheseadvantages,butalsoca

6、usedahigh-speedrailwayaccident,thenitwillfaceseriousconsequences.Therefore,howtostrengthentheemergencymanagementofhigh-speedrailway,andensuretherailwaytransportationsafetyisalwaysthemostimportantrailwaytransportationwork.Basedontheanalysisoftheemergencymanagementresultsofhigh-speedrailwayathomeandab

7、road,thispapermakesadeepresearchontheemergencymanagementofhigh-speedrailway,andtheresearchisasfollows:thispaperanalyzestheconceptandnatureofrailwaysafetyriskmanagement,andexpoundsthedefinitionandprincipleofrailwayemergencymanagement,andstudiestherelationshipbetweenriskmanagementandemergencymanagemen

8、t.oftheemergencymanagementsystemofourcountrycurrentsituationanalysis,elaboratedtheemergencyplanintheemergencymanagementsysteminthecorestatus,citedinrecentyearshighspeedrailwaysinemergencycase,summeduptheexperienceoftheemergency.wasconstructedinemergencyplanevaluationofourexistingsystemofcontingencyplans,theevaluationindexsystemofthecoreelements,findthedeficienc