上海2015年高考英語一模沖刺講義(閱讀理解)

1、精銳教育學科教師輔導講義學員編號：年級：高三課時數(shù)：3學員姓名：輔導科目：英語學科教師：授課類型C專題-閱讀理解命題特點C專題-閱讀理解解題技巧T能力-閱讀理解能力提高授課日期及時段教學內(nèi)容題一一專題知識梳理知識點1答案的十個特征：1、體現(xiàn)中心思想（包括段落中心）的是答案；2、照抄原文的不是答案，同義替換的是答案；3、含義不肯定的是答案，女口：cancouldmayusuallymightmostmoreorlessrelativelybelikelyto含義絕對的不是答案：mustalwaysneverthemostallanynoneentirely含義相反的是答案；4、具體的不是答案，概

2、括性的、抽象的是答案；5、帶有some的是答案：someonesomebodysometimesomethingcertain；6、簡單的不是答案，復雜的是答案，字面意思不是答案，含義深刻的是答案;7、帶虛詞的是答案：anotherothermoreeitherbothalsobesideadditionalextradifferentsameparticularnearlynotenough8、“變化”是答案：changedelayimprovepostponeincrease9、“重要的、基礎的”是答案:importantnecessityessentialbasisbebasedon10

3、、二選一：反義項有答案；形似項有答案；近義項有答案。知識點2閱讀題的四種題型及其命題思路1、主旨題一中心思想Mainideawhatisthemainidea/pointofthispassage?Maintopicwhatisthemaintopic/subject/title?Purposewhatistheauthormainpurposeinthepassage?對策：答案多在文章的首句或末句；答案：多為概括性的選項2、細節(jié)性問題Accroding考查對文章內(nèi)容的掌握，如：時間、地點、事件等細節(jié)問題。對策：利用題目中的關鍵詞找文章中的對應詞，在對應詞的周圍尋找答案。Number一考查對

4、文章中數(shù)字的掌握，1）運算型：通過簡單的四則運算求答案。對策：原始數(shù)據(jù)不是答案。2）多選一型：文中出現(xiàn)多個時間或數(shù)字，對應不同的事物，考其中的一個。對策：對號入座。3）范圍型Except題型一即三缺一型，要求選出一個不符合文章內(nèi)容的選項。Which題型對策：這兩種主要考并列句、列舉句3、推斷型問題命題包括以下動詞：infer,imply,suggest,conclude,assume.對策：根據(jù)文中的關鍵詞、短語、結(jié)構(gòu)進行推斷；通過閱讀某段或幾段內(nèi)容；注意：要根據(jù)文中內(nèi)容進行推斷，不能憑空猜測。4、詞匯型問題考查熟詞偏義或在特定場合具體的詞義；對策：常見含義不是答案生詞的含義推斷對策：根據(jù)上下

5、文判斷其合理的詞義才是唯一的出路。總結(jié)：常見的命題思路：文章的中心、段落的中心指代關系makegains*makeaprofit因果關系正因果關系文中A導致B,問題：有了B這一結(jié)果，為什么，答案是A反因果關系文中A具有X特性，B與A不同，問，B有何特點，答案是非X特性?；駻kB，考非A_非B知識點3：文章的十大考點1、列舉處常考細節(jié)題，特別是Which型和Except型；2、轉(zhuǎn)折處和對比處常考：However,but,yet,infact,although,轉(zhuǎn)折：unlike,until,however,but等；3、例子?？纪茢囝}和細節(jié)題：as,suchas,forexample,forin

6、stance,i.e.etc.4、數(shù)字和年代常考：文中的數(shù)字、年代和日期常常是命題的重點；5、最高級和絕對性詞匯?？家淮鸢妇哂形ㄒ恍裕簃ust,all,only,anyone,always,never或most,first；6、專有名詞常考：人名、地名等專有名詞;7、細節(jié)處?？技毠?jié)題:同位語，插入語，定語，長句的后半句，從句，副詞，介詞，不定式;8、因果句?？纪茢囝}:因果連詞：because,since,for,as,therefore,so,consequentlyetc.因果動詞：cause,resultin，originatefrom,etc.因果名詞：base,basis,result

7、,consequence.etc.9、段落中心句?？贾黝}題和細節(jié)題:段首句和文尾句往往是作者表達中心思想和進行總結(jié)綜述之處;10、特殊標點常考10、特殊標點常考細節(jié)題:破折號、括號、冒號表示解釋，引號表示引用。專題精講例1：Spaceisa列舉處，因果關系丿破折號、括號、冒號表示解釋，引號表示引用。專題精講例1：Spaceisa列舉處，因果關系丿琢rousplace,notonlybecauseofmeteors（流星）butalsobecauseofraysfromsunandotherstars.The_atmosphereagainactsasourprotectiveblanketon

8、earth.Lightgetsthrough,andthisisessentialforplantsto折akethefoodwhichweeat.Heat,too,makVronmentstolerableandsomeultravioletrayspenetratetheatmosphere.Cosmicraysofvariouskinds折akethefoodwhichweeat.Heat,too,makVronmentstolerableandsomeultravioletrayspenetratetheatmosphere.Cosmicraysofvariouskinds高comet

9、hroughtheairfromouterspace,butenormousquantitiesofradiationfromthesunarescreenedoff.Assoonasmenleavetheatmospheretheyareexposedtothisradiationbuttheirspacesuitsorthewallsoftheirspacecraft,iftheyareinside,dopreventalotofradiationdamage.Radiationisthegreatest_knowndangertoexplorersinspace.The-troublei

10、sthatitisextremelydifficulttobesureabouradiationdamageapersonmayfeelperfectlywen,butnotcelfTansmaybedamagedandthiswillnotbediscovereduntilthebirthof（deformed.childrenorevengrandchildren）.長句后句Drugsmighthelptodecreasethedamagedonebyradiation,butnot長句后reallyeffectiveoneshavebeenfoundsofar.Atpresentradi

11、ationseemstobethegreatestphysicalhazardtospacetravelersbutitisimpossibletosayjusthowseriousthehazardWillturnouttobeinthefuture.轉(zhuǎn)折，長句后半句轉(zhuǎn)折，長句后半句Accordingtothepassage,withoutatmospherespaceshipscanneverbeshotintospacesunlightcanreachtheearth（具體不是答案）plantscanproducevariedfoodourenvironmentwouldbeintole

12、rable（概括是答案，含義相反的是答案）Whenmenspendlongperiodinspacetheywillprotectthemselvesbytakingspecialdrugswearingspecialsuits（替換spacesuits是答案）usingaprotectiveblanketD.nosolutionhasbeenfoundyetThegreatestdangertomeninspaceismeteorsB.weightlessnessCradiationD.magneticforceWhichofthefollowingstatementistrueaccord

13、ingtothepassage?thegrandchildrenofastronautsaredeformedthechildrenofastronautshavedamagedsexorgansradiationdamagemayshowonlyinlatergenerations（may是答案）radiationdoesnotseemtobeveryharmfulRadiationisdangeroustomen,butwedonknowexactlyhowdangerousitisbutonlyinspace（替換是答案）soweshouldbuildupourhealthandweca

14、ndonothingaboutitatthepresenttimeIfconsumersofthemediacouldbetaughtatanearlyagetoexaminemessagesabletotakeadvantageoftheinformationandenjoytheentertainmentwithoutbeinghurtbyit.Thekeytocriticalthinkingisrecognizingthepurposesofthenewsorscriptwriters,theadvertisers,andsoon.Arebothsidesofanissuebeingpr

15、esented?Istheamountofviolenceandkillingshownnecessarytothepointofastory?Haveenoughfactsaboutaproductbeingadvertisedbeenpresented?Besides,inacountrywithademocraticformofgovernment,thepeoplecanbe果，elligently,citizensneedtheopportunitytofiearnews,opinions,andpublicaffairsprogramming.Informationaboutcur

16、renteventsispresentedindepthonpubliclyfundedTVchannelsandradiostationsaswellasinnewspapers.Inaddition,thepublicbroadcastingmediacanhelpviewersandlistenerstocompleteorfurthertheireducation.果，themassmedia.Themediaalsogivepeopletheinformationtheyneedintheirdailylivesandthemediacanbeavaluablemeansofeduc

17、atingthepublic.Eventhoughthemediacanbemisused,mostoftheireffectsarepositive.ThemainpointthewritertriestomakeinthistextisthatAdvertisingisharmfulwhenitpresentsincorrectinformation.Thepositiveeffectsofthemassmediaoutweighthenegativeones（概括是答案）Peopleshouldlearntotakeadvantageofthemediabenefits.TVismore

18、usefulasameansofentertainmentthanasameansofprovidinginformation.Whatshouldconsumersofthemassmediabetaughtatanearlyage?A.Tobringtheirimaginationintofullplaywhenwatchingprogramsoflowquality.Tobuyproductsadvertisedsothatthedemandincreases.C.ToturnofftheTVsetwhenhurtbybadprograms.D.Tothinkcarefullyabout

19、themessagesbroughttothem.（替換是答案）Wecanlearnfromparagraph3thatcitizenswillbeinabetterpositiontoexpresstheirviewsandmaketheirchoicesiftheyareHighlyeducatedthroughTVandradio.WellprotectedbythegovernmentHighlypaidbytheemployersDWellinformedbythemedia（概括是答案）Theunderlinedphrase“indepth”inparagraph3couldbeb

20、estreplacedby_Thoroughly（句義，詞形）PartlyRelativelySimply三專題過關（選自13年12月四級真題第二套）Asasocietywemightwanttorethinkthetimeandmoneyspentoneducation,sothattheseresourcescanbenefitagreaterpercentageofthepopulation.Ideally,bothhighschoolsandcollegescanprepareindividualsfortheever-changingrolesthatarelikelytobeexp

21、ectedofthem.Highschooldegreesofferfarlessinthewayofpreparationforworkthantheymight,orthanmanyothernationscurrentlyoffer,creatingagrowingskillsgapinoureconomy.Weencouragestudentstogoontocollegewhethertheyarepreparedornot,orhaveaclearsenseofpurposeorinterest,andnowhavethehighestcollegedropoutrateinthe

22、world.Wemightlooktoothercountriesformodelsofhowhighschoolscanofferbettertraining,aswellasthedevelopmentofaworkethicandtheintellectualskillsneededforcontinuedlearninganddevelopment.IrecommendHarvards2011PathwaystoProsperityreportformoreattentiontotheforgottenhalf（thosewhodonotgoontocollege）andideasab

23、outhowtoaddressthisissue.Simultaneously,theliberalartsbecomemoreimportantthanever.Inaknowledgeeconomywhereprofessionalroleschangerapidlyandmanycollegestudentsarepreparingforpositionsthatmaynotevenexistyet,theskillsetneededisonethatpreparesthemforchangeandcontinuedlearning.Learningtoexpressideaswelli

24、nbothwritingandspeech,knowinghowtofindinformation,andknowinghowtodoresearchareall-solidbackgroundskillsforawidevarietyofroles,andsuchtrainingismoreimportantthananyparticularmajorinaliberalartscollege.Weneedtocontinuetovaluebroadpreparationinthinkingskilthatwillserveforalifetime.Studentsalsoneedtolea

25、rntoworkindependentlyandtomakeresponsibledecisions.Thelengtheningpathtoadulthoodappearsexacerbated（惡化）byparentalinvolvementinthecollegeyears.Giventherisinginvestmentincollegeeducation,parentalconcernisnotsurprising,butlearningwhereandwhentointervene（干預）willhelpstudentstakemoreownershipoftheoutcomeso

26、ftheseincreasinglycostlyeducations.Whatkindofeducationdoestheauthorthinkisideal?Itbenefitsthegreatmajorityofthegeneralpopulation.Itpreparesstudentstomeetthefutureneedsofsociety.Itencouragesstudentstolearnthroughouttheirlives.Itensuresthatstudentsexpectationsaresuccessfullyfulfilled.Whatcharacterizes

27、aknowledgeeconomyaccordingtothepassage?Peoplehavetoreceivehighereducationtoqualifyforaprofessionalposition.Studentsmajoringinliberalartsusuallyhavedifficultysecuringajob.Newpositionsareconstantlycreatedthatrequirepeopletokeeplearning.Collegesfindithardtoteachstudentshowtocopewiththechangingeconomy.W

28、hatdoestheauthorthinkaliberalartscollegeshouldfocuson?Solidbackgroundknowledgeinaparticularfield.Practicalskillsurgentlyneededincurrentsociety.Basicskillsneededforchangeandlifelonglearning.Usefulthinkingskillsforadvancedacademicresearch.Whatsuggestiondoestheauthoroffertoparents?Rethinkingthevalueofh

29、ighereducation.Investingwiselyintheirchildrenseducation.Helpingtheirchildrentobringtheirtalentintofullplay.Avoidingtoomuchinterventionintheirchildrenseducation.Keys:BCCD四學法提煉本次專題重點歸納了閱讀理解答案的特征及其命題思路，知己知彼才能百戰(zhàn)百勝；結(jié)合題目訓練了該技巧在實際過程中的具體運用。一.專題知識梳理知識點1：高考試卷中常見題型的特點及解題要點細節(jié)判斷題以原文中某一句話或某一個短語為入手點，考查學生對細節(jié)的理解。做這類

30、題目時，應關注選項和原句的細微差別，選擇與原文意思和所問問題都相符的答案。例1:原文：（2014寶山一模）AbitefromAustraliasinlandtaipan,theworldsmostpoisonoussnake,releasesenoughpoisontokill100men.Thegoodnewsisthatpeoplerarelycomeincontactwiththissnake,andatreatmentforitspoisonexists.問題：Accordingtothisarticle,whatisaparticularfeatureofthekingcobra?I

31、tsseasonalchanges.B.Itslackofmovement.Itssenseofhearing.D.Itsremarkablesize.解析：關鍵詞定位kingcobra解析：關鍵詞定位kingcobra,因此答案為D。例2：原文：（2014寶山一模）Theblackmamba,anativeofAfrica,isactuallyoliveorgreyincolor.Onlytheinsideofitsmouthisblack.Whenblackmambasfeelthreatenedbyahuman,theymakealoudhissingsoundtowarnthepers

32、onaway.Ifthewarningisignored,thesnakewillattackthepersonrepeatedly.Andtheycanattackquickly,movingoverthegroundatspeedsofupto20kilometersperhour.問題：Accordingtothisarticle,whichofthefollowingisknownforitsspeed?Theinlandtaipan.B.Theblackmamba.C.TheIndiankrait.D.TheRussellsviper.解析：最后一句指出了蛇的爬行速度，和題目的spe

33、ed意思相同，因此答案為B。例3：原文：（2014奉賢一模）TheresearchcarriedoutbytheUniversityofBariinItalycouldhelpclarifyhospitalswhoarechargedwithwastingmoneyonartanddecorationasitsuggestsapleasantenvironmenthelpspatientsovercomediscomfortandpain.問題：74.Accordingtothefirstparagraph,peopledidntapprove.A.hospitalsspendmoneyonm

34、edicalequipmenthospitalsdecoratetheirroomswithworksofarthospitalsmaketheirenvironmentpleasanttopatientshospitalstreatpatientswithworksofart解析：根據(jù)第一段，didnapprove與arechargedwith意義相同，因此答案為Bo例4：原文：（2014黃浦一模）JaneAustenoncecomparedherwritingtopaintingonalittlebitofivory象牙）,twoinchessquare.ReadersofPersuasi

35、orwillseethatneitherherskillofdelicate,ironic（諷朿U的）observationsonsocialcustom,love,andmarriagenorherabilitytoapplyasharpfocustoEnglishmannersandmoralshasabandonedherinherfinalfinishedwork.問題：67.WhichofthefollowingCANNOTdescribeJaneswritingstyle?Herapplicationofsymbolism.B.Herdelicateobservations.C.H

36、erfocusonmannersandmorals.D.Heruseofirony.解析：根據(jù)文意，只有A項不是她的寫作風格。單詞釋義或句意解釋題要求考生以上下文內(nèi)容為參考，嘗試理解文中出現(xiàn)的生詞、短語或句子。這類題目的解題關鍵在于其上下文，因為在考查點前后出現(xiàn)的內(nèi)容往往是對這個詞的解釋、說明、舉例等。例1:原文：（2014浦東一模）Inchingalongatthepaceofachildstricyclemightfeelfrugalbutwontmagicallyyieldpeakeconomy.Inmostmoderncars,acceleratenormally,changingup

37、at2,000rpminadiesel,or2,500rpminapetrol-poweredcar.Onceatasensiblesteadyspeed,choosethehighestgearthatwilllettheenginerunwithoutlaboring.問題：71.WhatdoestheunderlinedwordinParagraph3mostprobablymean?ecologicalB.convenientC.economicalD.beneficial解析：劃線部分單詞為fugal,第三段首句用詼諧的語言講述“如果開車時以孩子腳踏車的速度前行的話會.但長遠來看卻不

38、會產(chǎn)生很高的經(jīng)濟效益。因此可以推斷出該詞的意思應該為“節(jié)約，節(jié)儉”economical意為“經(jīng)濟的，節(jié)約的”。例2：原文：（2014虹口一模）Butitisntallthateasytoexplaintheactualdifferencesbetweentheskillsofmenandwomenonthisbasis.Inschoolsthroughouttheworldgirlstendtobebetterthanboysat“l(fā)anguagesubjects”andboysbetteratmath.Ifthesedifferencescorrespond相符合）withthediffer

39、encesinthetrunkline,thereisanunchangeabledistinctionbetweenthesexes.問題：76.Theexpressionof“thesedifferencesreferstothoseinB.schoolsubjectsskillsofmenandwomenB.schoolsubjectsC.thebrainstructureofmenandwomenD.learninghabits解析：根據(jù)第一句，得出答案為A。例3：原文：（2014閔行一模）Thefullimportmaytakeawhiletosinkin.TheNTRightsof

40、theTerminallyIIILawhasleftphysiciansandcitizensaliketryingtodealwithitsmoralandpracticalimplications.Somehavebreathedsighsofrelief,others,includingchurches,right-to-lifegroupsandtheAustralianMedicalAssociation,bitterlyattackedthebillandthehurryofitspassage.Butthetideisunlikelytoturnback.InAustraliaw

41、hereanagingpopulation,life-extendingtechnologyandchangingcommunityattitudeshaveallplayedtheirpartotherstatesaregoingtoconsidermakingasimilarlawtodealwitheuthanasia（安樂死）.IntheUSandCanada,wheretheright-to-diemovementisgatheringstrength,observersarewaitingforthedominoes（多米諾骨牌）tostatfaling.問題：75.Bysayin

42、g“observersarewaitingforthedominoestostartfalling”，theauthormeans.observersaretakingawait-and-seeattitudetowardsthefutureofeuthanasiasimilarbillsarelikelytobepassedintheU.S.,Canadaandothercountriesobserversarewaitingtoseetheresultofthegameofdominoestheeffect-takingprocessofthepassedbillmayfinallycom

43、etoastop解析：根據(jù)文意，雖然有爭議，但是自從澳大利亞通過了安樂死的議案后，一些國家也打算紛紛效仿，因此答案為B。例4：原文：（2014長寧一模）Thecentralbeliefsandcustomsofagrouparehandeddownfromonegenerationtoanother.Itisforthisreasonthatmostpeopleregardcultureaslearnedratherthaninnate.Peopleacquireaculturebecausetheyarenotbornwithone.Theprocessbywhichapersondevel

44、opsatasteforregionalfoods,accentedspeech,oranoutlookontheworldovertime,therefore,isknownasenculturati（文化適應）.問題：Whatdoestheword“innate”inParagraph2mostprobablymean?A.InstinctiveB.DevelopedC.BelievableD.Cultivated解析：由本段前兩句話“某一特定群組的核心信念與習俗會一代代傳遞下去。正是由于這個原因大部分人都將文化視為習得的結(jié)果，而不是”因此可以推測“innate”的意思應該與“l(fā)earne

45、d”的意思相反。Instinctive：本能的，直覺的；Developed：發(fā)達的，成熟的；Believable：可信的；Cultivated：有教養(yǎng)的。故應選A。主旨大意題如果是考查整篇文章的主旨大意，可以把文中每段的首句串起來考慮。若是僅考查某一段落的中心思想，則可將該段的首、尾句綜合起來考慮。例1:原文：（2014普陀一模）Bothhavelotsofcompany.Statisticsshowthate-booksalesgrew43%lastyear,butthatsaslowdowncomparedwiththetriple-digitincreasesinrecentyears.

46、E-booksremainthefastest-growingpartofthebookmarketbutaccountforonlyabout20%ofallsales,reportedbypublishers.MiscioscioandMeierareatoppositeendsofabookbusinessintransition.Eventhoughe-booksaleshavegrownmorethan4,000%since2008,itsunlikelythatphysicalbookswilldisappearthewayrecordsdidinthemusicindustry.

47、問題：69.Whatisthepassagemainlyconcernedwith?E-bookswilldominatethebookindustryeventually.Readersgotheirownwayinchoosingbooks.Newtechnologybringsmorebenefitsforreaders.Physicalbookswilldisappeargraduallyinthefuture.解析：根據(jù)最后兩段，答案為B。例2：原文：（2014長寧一模）JowIreaIveoftenhearditsaidthat“thedevilisinthedetails.”re

48、lationshipwithmyfather,lovewasinthedetails.JowIrea問題：69Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Thesamehobbysharedbetweentheauthorandhisfather.Thewaytheauthorandhisfatherusedtospendspringdays.Theauthorssweetmemoryofhisfathersloveforhim.Theanalysismadebytheauthoraboutfather-sonrelationship.解析：主旨大意題，文章最后一段點明主旨，答

49、案選擇C。例3：原文：（2014金山一模）Earlierthisyear,Idrovedownthelong,steephilltorealizemydream.Theshorelinewasabroadareaofbaresalt-mud,butthewateredgewasfaroutofsight.HadsomebodypulledtheDeadSeasplug?Iwondered.EliDior,anIsraeliofficial,explainedtheproblem:“TheDeadSeaisdryingup.Everyyear,thesurfacedropsaboutonemet

50、er,andasthewaterlevelfalls,shadowareasarelefthighanddry.”O(jiān)verthelasthalf-century,thefiveneighboringcountrieshavecollectivelydivertednearlyallthewaterflowingintotheDeadSeatomeethumanandagriculture：needs.Result:theDeadSeaisbeingemptied.問題：74.Whatsthepassagemainlyabout?DeadSeamiracleoftheworld.Savethee

51、nvironmentoftheDeadSea.SlowshrinkingoftheDeadSea.WhyistheDeadSeasosalty.解析：根據(jù)大意，可知答案為Co標題選擇題標題的選擇要遵循“精、準、全”三原則?！熬笔侵敢镁珶挼恼Z言概括出文章的中心；“準”是指標題的選擇要注意文章的外延和內(nèi)涵，不能擴大或縮小文章的內(nèi)容；“全”是指標題的選擇應該排除掉那些片面的選項，而正確地選取能包含文章的主要內(nèi)容及作者要表達的觀點的選項。例1:原文：（2014奉賢一模）TheresearchcarriedoutbytheUniversityofBariinItalycouldhelpclarify

52、hospitalswhoarechargedwithwastingmoneyonartanddecorationasitsuggestsapleasantenvironmenthelpspatientsovercomediscomfortandpain.問題：Thebesttitleforthepassagemaybe.A.PatientsDonLikePicturesB.ArtsCanBeUsedAsaMedicineUglyPatientsFeelLessPainBeautifulArtCanEasePain解析：本文是議論文，開篇點題，因此答案為D。例2：原文：（2014靜安一模）Wea

53、renotwhowethinkweare.TheAmericanself-imageissuffusedwiththegoldenglowofopportunity.WethinkoftheUnitedStatesasalandofunlimitedpossibility,notsomuchaclasslesssocietybutasaplacewhereclassismutable一aplacewherebrains,energyandambitionarewhatcounts,notthecircumstancesofonesbirth.TheEconomicMobilityProject

54、,anambitiousresearchinitiativeledbyPewCharitableTrusts,lookedattheeconomicfortunesofalargegroupoffamiliesovertime,comparingtheincomeofparentsinthelate1960swiththeincomeoftheirchildreninthelate1990sandearly2000s.Hereisthefinding:TheragstorichesstoryismuchmorecommoninHollywoodthanonMainStreet.Only6per

55、centofchildrenborntoparentswithfamilyincomeattheverybottommovetothetop.EvenmoretroublingisthatournotionofAmericaasthelandofopportunitygetslittlsupportfromthedata.Americansmovefairlyeasilyupanddownthemiddlerungsoitheladder,butthereisstickinessattheends一fouroutoftenchildrenwhoarebornpoorwillremainpoor

56、,andfouroutoftenwhoarebornrichwillstayrich.問題：Whatmightbethebesttitleforthispassage?SocialUpwardMobility.B.IncredibleIncomeGains.C.InequalityinWealth.D.AmericaNotLandofOpportunity.解析：開篇說美國自身形象是一個充滿機會的社會，但是也是要依賴于個人的能力才能成功，最后一段又指出統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)顯示美國并不是一個機會之城，因此首尾呼應，答案為Do例3：原文：（2014青浦一模）Ifyouseeagroupofpeopledanc

57、ingandsingingonthestreetorintherailwaystation,youdontneedtofeelsurprised.Theyareaflashmob.DontbeconfusedbytheirnameBillWasik,senioreditorofHarpersMagazine,organizedthefirstflashmobinManhattaninMay2003andthefirstsuccessfulflashmobassembledonJune3,2003atMacysdepartmentstoreinvolving100peoplegatheringo

58、nMacysDepartmentStore.Followingthis,about200peoplefloodedthelobbyoftheHyatthotel,applaudinginonevoiceforfifteenseconds,andnextparticipantspretendingtobetouristsonabustripinvadedashoeboutiqueinSoho.AlatermobsawhundredsofpeopleinCentralParkmakingbirdnoises.TheflashmobisnowbecomingmoreandmorepopularFla

59、shmobsgivepeoplefromallwalksoflifeanopportunitytocometogethertocreateamemory.問題：77.Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.Flashmob:thepoliticalpotentialB.Flashmob:thepopcultureC.Flashmob:thesourceofinformationD.Flashmob:theshort-termmemory解析：綜合各段的開頭，答案為B。例4：原文：（2014楊浦一模）Well,parents,su

60、rprise!LotsofusareusingTwitterandFacebooktofindrides,andnotjusttoschool.Itsawkwardtocallafriendandaskforaride,andhalfthetimetheyllsay,“Sorry,mycarisfull.”ButwithTwitter,youjusttweet#AshlePoolPartyandlookforotherpeopleheadingthesameway.Tome,anotherplusisridesharingrepresentssomethingmuchbiggerthantry