2022年考研考博-考博英語-西南交通大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）試卷號(hào)49

1、住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語-西南交通大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實(shí)際調(diào)整大?。╊}型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題（ ） these questions may sound academic, answers to them could have profound economic and political significance.問題1選項(xiàng)A.SinceB.WhileC.UnlessD.Lest【答案】B【解析】考查連詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)since“ 自以來；因?yàn)椤保籅選項(xiàng)while“雖然，然而，當(dāng) 的時(shí)候”；C選項(xiàng)unless“除非；若

2、非”；D選項(xiàng)lest“ 唯恐，以免”。句意：雖然這些問題聽起來是學(xué)術(shù)的，但是它們的答案可能有深遠(yuǎn)的經(jīng)濟(jì)和政治意義。前后句子存在轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，因此B項(xiàng)正確。2.單選題I was deeply impressed by the hostesss（ ）and enjoyed the dinner party very much.問題1選項(xiàng)A.hostilityB.indignationC.hospitalityD.humanity【答案】C【解析】句意:女主人的熱情好客給我留下了深刻的印象，我非常喜歡這次宴會(huì)?？疾槊~辨析。hostility 敵意；戰(zhàn)爭行動(dòng)；indignation 憤慨；憤怒; 義憤;

3、hospitality 好客；殷勤；humanity 人類；人道。由句意“我非常喜歡這次宴會(huì)”可知C項(xiàng)正確。3.單選題The flowers in the vase（ ）because they had no water.問題1選項(xiàng)A.ripenedB.wrinkledC.witheredD.prospered【答案】C【解析】句意:花瓶里的花因?yàn)闆]有水而枯萎了?？疾閯?dòng)詞辨析。ripen (使)成熟；wrinkle 起皺；皺起；wither 枯萎;prosper 繁榮，昌盛。根據(jù)原因狀語“因?yàn)闆]有水”可知C項(xiàng)符合句意。4.單選題The president made a （ ） speech a

4、t the opening ceremony of the sport meeting, which encouraged the sportsmen greatly.問題1選項(xiàng)A.vigorousB.tediousC.flatD.harsh【答案】A【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。選項(xiàng)A：vigorous “充滿活力的”;選項(xiàng)B:tedious “沉悶的， 冗長乏味的”；選項(xiàng)C：flat “單調(diào)的，平坦的，不景氣的；”;選項(xiàng)D：harsh “嚴(yán)厲的,刺耳的”。由句意可知校長的發(fā)言激勵(lì)了運(yùn)動(dòng)員，因此本題選項(xiàng)A更符合題意，正確。句意：校長在運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)的開幕式上發(fā)表了充滿活力的講話，極大地鼓舞了運(yùn)動(dòng)員。5

5、.單選題Dr Meek wrote: “As is true with most animals, the wolf is an opportunist whilst the deer is one of the shyest （ ）animals in existence.”問題1選項(xiàng)A.savageB.tameC.wildD.strange【答案】C【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。選項(xiàng)A：savage “野蠻的，殘酷的，狂怒的；荒涼的”;選項(xiàng)B:tame “馴服的，順從的”；選項(xiàng)C: wild “野生的，野蠻的”；選項(xiàng)D：strange意為“奇怪的，陌生的”。根據(jù)題干意思，選項(xiàng)C更切合題意，正

6、確。句意：Meek博士寫道:“就像大多數(shù)動(dòng)物一樣，狼是機(jī)會(huì)主義者，而鹿是世界上最害羞的野生動(dòng)物之一?！?.單選題The two scholars worked at the task of writing a preface to the new dictionary for three hours （ ） last night.問題1選項(xiàng)A.at lengthB.in fullC.on endD.in time【答案】C【解析】考查短語詞義辨析。選項(xiàng)A：at length “最后，詳細(xì)地”；選項(xiàng)B：in full “全部，充分，充足”；選項(xiàng)C：on end “連續(xù)地；豎著”;選項(xiàng)D：in t

7、ime “及時(shí)”。由題意可知，選項(xiàng)C正確。句意：為了給那本新詞典寫序，這兩位學(xué)者昨晚連續(xù)花了三個(gè)小時(shí)。7.單選題In the early 20th century, few things were more appealing than the promise of scientific knowledge. In a world struggling with rapid industrialization, science and technology seemed to offer solutions to almost every problem. Newly created stat

8、e colleges and universities devoted themselves almost entirely to scientific, technological, and engineering fields. Many Americans came to believe that scientific certainty could not only solve scientific problems, but also reform politics, government, and business. Two world wars and a Great Depre

9、ssion rocked the confidence of many people that scientific expertise alone could create a prosperous and ordered world. After World War II, the academic world turned with new enthusiasm to humanistic studies, which seemed to many scholars the best way to ensure the survival of democracy. American sc

10、holars fanned out across much of the world with support from the Ford Foundation, the Fulbright program, etc. to promote the teaching of literature and the arts in an effort to make the case for democratic freedoms.In the America of our own lime, the great educational challenge has become an effort

11、to strengthen the teaching of what is now known as the STEM disciplines （science, technology, engineering, and math）. There is considerable and justified concern that the United States is falling behind much of the rest of the developed world in these essential disciplines. India, China. Japan and o

12、ther regions seem to be seizing technological leadership.At the same time, perhaps inevitably, the humanities while still popular in elite colleges and universities have experienced a significant decline. Humanistic disciplines are seriously underfunded, not just by the government and the foundation

13、s but by academic institutions themselves. Humanists are usually among the lowest-paid faculty members at most institutions and are often lightly regarded because they do not generate grant income and because they provide no obvious credentials （資質(zhì)）for most nonacademic careers.Undoubtedly American e

14、ducation should train more scientists and engineers. Much of the concern among politicians about the state of American universities today is focused on the absence of “real world” education which means preparation for professional and scientific careers. But the idea that institutions or their stude

15、nts must decide between humanities and science is false. Our society could not survive without scientific and technological knowledge. But we would be equally impoverished （貧困的）without humanistic knowledge as well. Science and technology teach us what we can do. Humanistic thinking helps us understa

16、nd what we should do.It is almost impossible to imagine our society without thinking of the extraordinary achievements of scientists and engineers in building our complicated world. But try to imagine our world as well without the remarkable works that have defined our culture and values. We have al

17、ways needed, and we still need, both.1.In the early 20th century Americans believed science and technology could（ ）.2.Why did many American scholars become enthusiastic about humanistic studies after World War II?3.Why are American scholars worried about education today?4.What accounts for the signi

18、ficant decline in humanistic studies today?5.Why does the author attach so much importance to humanistic studies?問題1選項(xiàng)A.solve virtually all existing problemsB.help raise peoples living standardsC.quicken the pace of industrializationD.promote the nations social progress問題2選項(xiàng)A.They wanted to improve

19、their own status within the current education system.B.They believed the stability of a society depended heavily on humanistic studies.C.They could get financial support from various foundations for humanistic studies.D.They realized science and technology alone were no guarantee for a better world.

20、問題3選項(xiàng)A.The STEM subjects are too challenging for students to learn.B.Some Asian countries have overtaken America in basic sciences.C.America is lagging behind in the STEM disciplines.D.There are not enough scholars in humanistic studies.問題4選項(xiàng)A.Insufficient fundingB.Shortage of devoted facultyC.Shrin

21、king enrollmentD.Dim prospects for graduates問題5選項(xiàng)A.They promote the development of science and technology.B.They help prepare students for their professional careers.C.Humanistic thinking helps define our culture and values.D.Humanistic thinking helps cultivate students creativity.【答案】第1題:A第2題:D第3題:

22、C第4題:A第5題:C【解析】第1題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第一段指出: science and technology seemed to offer solutions to almost every problem (科學(xué)與技術(shù)似乎幾乎為所有問題提供了解決方案)。由此可知，A項(xiàng)“解決幾乎所有存在的問題”正確。第2題:判斷推理題。第一段指出: Two world wars and a Great Depression rocked the confidence of many people that scientific expertise alone could create a prosperou

23、s and ordered world (兩次世界大戰(zhàn)和一次大蕭條動(dòng)搖了許多人的信心，他們?cè)J(rèn)為只有科學(xué)知識(shí)才能創(chuàng)造一個(gè)繁榮有序的世界)。以及:After World War II, the academic world turned with new enthusiasm to humanistic studies, which seemed to many scholars the best way to ensure the survival of democracy (第二次世界大戰(zhàn)后，學(xué)術(shù)界對(duì)人文主義研究產(chǎn)生了新的熱情，這在許多學(xué)者看來是確保民主生存的最佳途徑)。由此可知，D項(xiàng)“他們

24、認(rèn)識(shí)到僅有科學(xué)和技術(shù)不能保證一個(gè)更好的世界”正確。第3題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第二段指出: There is considerable and justified concern that the United States is falling behind much of the rest of the developed world in these essential disciplines (在這些基本學(xué)科方面，美國正落后于許多其他發(fā)達(dá)國家，這個(gè)擔(dān)憂是相當(dāng)合理的)。因此C項(xiàng)“美國在STEM學(xué)科上正落后”正確。第4題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第三段指出: Humanistic disciplines ar

25、e seriously underfunded, not just by the government and the foundations but by academic institutions themselves (政府、基金會(huì)和學(xué)術(shù)機(jī)構(gòu)本身為人文學(xué)科所提供的資金都嚴(yán)重不足)。因此A項(xiàng)“資金不足” 正確。第5題:判斷推理題。最后一段指出: But try to imagine our world as well without the remarkable works that have defined our culture and values (然而，也試著去想象我們的世界沒有

26、定義我們文化和價(jià)值的引人注目的作品)。由此可知，作者認(rèn)為人文主義研究重要是因?yàn)槿宋闹髁x思想幫助定義了我們的文化和價(jià)值觀。故選C。8.單選題Although sports（ ）the household, Joe drew the line when they interfered with family traditions and routine.問題1選項(xiàng)A.overwhelmedB.affectedC.dominatedD.influenced【答案】C【解析】句意:盡管體育運(yùn)動(dòng)在Joe的家庭中占主導(dǎo)地位，但是當(dāng)這些運(yùn)動(dòng)影響到家 庭傳統(tǒng)和日常事務(wù)時(shí)，他會(huì)放棄體育運(yùn)動(dòng)?？疾閯?dòng)詞辨析。ove

27、rwhelm 淹沒，受打擊，覆蓋；affect 影響，感染;dominate 控制，支配：influence 影響。根據(jù)后半句句意 “當(dāng)這些運(yùn)動(dòng)影響到家 庭傳統(tǒng)和日常事務(wù)時(shí)，他會(huì)放棄體育運(yùn)動(dòng)”以及轉(zhuǎn)折連詞although可知，C符合句意。9.單選題If you plant two apple trees in one square yard of land, and the trees productivity（ ）decline.問題1選項(xiàng)A.is bound toB.is determined toC.is unlikely toD.is related to【答案】A【解析】句意:如果你

28、在一平方米的土地上種兩棵蘋果樹，那么樹的產(chǎn)能肯定會(huì)下降?？疾槎陶Z辨析。is bound to 必然，注定，勢必:is determined to 堅(jiān)決，下決心做；is unlikely to不可能的；is related to 與有關(guān)。因此A符合句意。10.單選題I am afraid to sleep. I have been afraid to sleep for the last few weeks. I am so tired that, finally, I do sleep, but only for a few minutes. It is not a bad dream tha

29、t wakes me; it is the reality I took with me into sleep. 1 try to think of something else.Immediately the woman in the marketplace comes into my mind.I was on my way to dinner last night when I saw her. She was selling skirts. She moved with the same ease and loveliness I often saw in the women of L

30、aos. Her long black hair was as shiny as the black silk of the skirts she was selling. In her hair, she wore three silk ribbons, blue, green, and white. They reminded me of my childhood and how my girlfriends and I used to spend hours braiding ribbons into our hair.I dont know the word for “ribbons”

31、，so I put my hand to my own hair and, with three fingers against my head. I looked at her ribbons and said “beautiful”. She lowered her eyes and said nothing. I wasnt sure if she understood me (I dont speak Laotian very well).I looked back down at the skirts. They had designs in them: squares and tr

32、iangles and circles of pink and green silk. They were very pretty. I decided to buy one of those skirts, and I began to bargain with her over the price. It is the custom to bargain in Asia. In Laos bargaining is done in soft voices and easy moves with the sort of quiet peacefulness.She smiled, more

33、with her eyes than with her lips. She was pleased by the few words I was able to say in her language, although they were mostly numbers, and she saw that I understood something about the soft playfulness of bargaining. We shook our heads in disagreement over the price; then, immediately, we made ano

34、ther offer and then another shake of the head. She was so pleased that unexpectedly, she accepted the last offer I made. But it was too soon. The price was too low. She was being too generous and wouldnt make enough money. I moved quickly and picked up two more skirts and paid for all three times as

35、 much before she had a chance to lower the price for the larger purchase. She smiled openly then, and, for the first time in months, my spirit lifted. I almost felt happy.The feeling stayed with me while she wrapped the skirts in a newspaper and handed them to me. When I left, though, the feeling le

36、ft. too. It was as though it stayed behind in marketplace. I left tears in my throat, I wanted to cry. I didnt of course.I have learned to defend myself against what is hard; without knowing it, I have also learned to defend myself against what is soft and what should be easy.I get up, light a candl

37、e and want to look at the skirts. They are still in the newspaper that the woman wrapped them in. I remove the paper and raise the skirts up to look at them again before I pack them. Something falls to floor. I reach down and feel something cool in my hand. I move close to the cradle light to see wh

38、at I have. There are five long silk ribbons in my hand, all different colors. The woman in the marketplace! She has given these ribbons to me!There is no defense against a generous spirit, and this time I cry. and very hard, as if I could make up for all the months that I didnt cry.1.Which of the fo

39、llowing is NOT correct?2.The writer assumed that the woman accepted the last offer mainly because the woman（ ）.3.Why did the writer finally decide to buy three skirts?4.When did the writer left the marketplace, she wanted to cry, but did not because（ ）.5.Why did the writer cry eventually when she lo

40、oked at the skirts again?問題1選項(xiàng)A.The writer was not used to bargaining.B.People in Asia always bargain when buying things.C.Bargaining in Laos was quiet and peaceful.D.The writer was ready to bargain with the woman.問題2選項(xiàng)A.thought that the last offer was reasonableB.thought she could still make much m

41、oneyC.was glad that the writer knew their way of bargainingD.was tired of bargaining with the writer any more問題3選項(xiàng)A.The skirts were cheap and pretty.B.She liked the patterns on the skirts.C.She wanted to do something as compensation.D.She was fed up with further bargaining with the woman.問題4選項(xiàng)A.she

42、had learned to stay cool and unfeelingB.she was afraid of crying in publicC.she had learned to face difficulties bravelyD.she had to show in public that she was strong.問題5選項(xiàng)A.She suddenly felt very sad.B.She liked the ribbons so much.C.She was overcome by emotion.D.She felt sorry for the woman.【答案】第

43、1題:A第2題:C第3題:C第4題:A第5題:C【解析】第1題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。A:作者不習(xí)慣討價(jià)還價(jià)。B:亞洲人買東西總是講價(jià)。C:在老撾，討價(jià)還價(jià)是安靜而和平的。D:作家準(zhǔn)備和那個(gè)女人討價(jià)還價(jià)。第五段指出: I decided to buy one of those skirts, and I began to bargain with her over the price. It is the custom to bargain in Asia (我決定買一條那樣的裙子，我開始和她討價(jià)還價(jià)。在亞洲，討價(jià)還價(jià)是一種習(xí)俗)。由此得知，B項(xiàng)和D項(xiàng)正確。第五段還指出: In Laos bargain

44、ing is done in soft voices and easy moves with the sort of quiet peacefulness (在老撾，討價(jià)還價(jià)是以較低的聲音，和一種輕松平靜的方式進(jìn)行的)。因此C項(xiàng)正確。只有A項(xiàng)在原文中找不到線索，故選A。第2題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第六段指出: She was pleased by the few words I was able to say in her language, although they were mostly numbers, and she saw that I understood something about

45、 the soft playfulness of bargaining (對(duì)于我能夠說一些她們國家的語言她感到非常高興，雖然我說的大部分都是一些數(shù)字，但是在她看來我是非常清楚這種輕松愉悅的討價(jià)還價(jià)的方式的)。由此可知這位姑娘因作者能夠說她們國家的語言和懂得相關(guān)的討價(jià)還價(jià)的方式而感到高興。后面接著寫到: She was so pleased that unexpectedly, she accepted the last offer I made (她感到非常開心，以至于讓我感到意外的是，她竟然接受了我最后的出價(jià))。因此C項(xiàng) “感到高興，因?yàn)樽髡咧浪齻冇憙r(jià)還價(jià)的方法”正確。第3題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。

46、第六段指出: The price was too low. She was being too generous and wouldnt make enough money. I moved quickly and picked up two more skirts and paid for all three times as much before she had a chance to lower the price for the larger purchase (這個(gè)價(jià)格實(shí)在是太低了。她太慷慨了，幾乎賺不到什么錢。擔(dān)心她因?yàn)槲屹I得多而再次 降低價(jià)格，我迅速地再挑了兩條裙子，付錢，然后

47、離開)。故選C項(xiàng) “她想做點(diǎn)什么作為補(bǔ)償”。第4題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。倒數(shù)第三段指出: I have learned to defend myself against what is hard; without knowing it, I have also learned to defend myself against what is soft and what should be easy (我學(xué)會(huì)了抗拒困難，不知不覺中，我也學(xué)會(huì)了不被溫柔輕松俘獲)。由此可見，作者沒哭是因?yàn)樗呀?jīng)學(xué)會(huì)讓情緒不輕易受到影響，故選A項(xiàng) “她已經(jīng)學(xué)會(huì)了保持冷靜”。第5題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。最后一段指出: There is

48、 no defense against a generous spirit, and this time I cry. (對(duì)于她的這種慷慨精神毫無防御， 這次我哭了)。因此作者最后還是哭了是因?yàn)楫?dāng)她再次打開包裝想看一下這些裙子時(shí)才發(fā)現(xiàn)這位老撾姑娘送了自己五條長長的絲帶，因此C項(xiàng) “她沒有控制住自己的情緒”正確。11.單選題“Oh, Im too sleepy to study.” “Well, if you （ ） that late movie last night, you wouldnt have been so sleepy.”問題1選項(xiàng)A.didnt watchB.havent wa

49、tchedC.havent watchedD.hadnt watched【答案】D【解析】語法題?？疾樘摂M語氣。分析題干可知if you （ ） that late movie last night是if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句，從主句部分的wouldnt have been可知此句是對(duì)過去事實(shí)的虛擬，因此從句部分應(yīng)用had+過去分詞形式，故選D項(xiàng)。句意：“哦，我太困了不能學(xué)習(xí)?！??！班?，如果你昨晚沒有觀看那個(gè)晚場的電影的話，你不會(huì)如此困?！?2.翻譯題Translate the following passage into ChineseSome old people are troubled b

50、y the fear of death. In the young there is a justification for this feeling. Young men who have reason to fear they will be killed in a battle may justifiably feel bitter in the thought that they have been cheated of the best things that life has to offer. But in an old man who has known human joys

51、and sorrows and has done whatever work it was in him to do, the fear of death is somewhat ignoble. The best way to overcome it so at least it seems to me is to make your interests gradually wider and more impersonal, until bit by bit the walls of the ego recede, and your life becomes increasingly pa

52、rt of the universal life. An individual human existence should be like a river small at first, narrowly contained within its banks, and rushing passionately past rocks and over waterfalls. Gradually the river grow wider, the banks recede, the waters flow more quietly, and in the end, without any vis

53、ible break, they become part of the sea, and painlessly lose their individual being.【答案】有些老年人恐懼死亡。要是年輕人這樣想.那倒情有可原。那些害怕在戰(zhàn)爭中陣亡的年輕人，想到自己被生活所欺騙，錯(cuò)失了生命中最美好的東西，感到苦澀理所當(dāng)然。但對(duì)于一個(gè)飽嘗了人間悲歡離合，實(shí)現(xiàn)一生抱負(fù)的老人來說，恐懼死亡就有點(diǎn)不光彩了。戰(zhàn)勝對(duì)死亡的恐懼的最好的方法是至少對(duì)我而言是可行的一一逐步拓寬你的興趣，并使其不受人際感情的影響，直到自我的圍城慢慢地消失，你的生命加快融入到眾生之中。一個(gè)人應(yīng)當(dāng)像一條河流，開始時(shí)窄而淺，靜靜流淌于

54、兩岸之中，然后，奔騰沖擊于巖石之間，飛流直下于高崖之處。慢慢地，河流越走越寬，河岸逐步退去，水流更顯平緩，直到最后， 毫無跡象地融入大海，平和地失去了個(gè)體的存在。13.單選題Your advice would be（ ）valuable to him, who is now at a loss as to what to do first.問題1選項(xiàng)A.exceedinglyB.excessivelyC.extensivelyD.exclusively【答案】A【解析】句意:你的建議對(duì)他非常有價(jià)值，因?yàn)樗F(xiàn)在不知道該先做什么?？疾楦痹~辨析。exceedingly極其，非常，特別；excessi

55、vely過分地，極度；extensively 廣闊地，廣大地：exclusively 唯一地，獨(dú)占地。后面從句說到:因?yàn)樗F(xiàn)在不知道該先做什么，因此前面應(yīng)該在說“你的建議對(duì)他非常有價(jià)值”。14.單選題The mayor is a woman with great（ ）and therefore deserves our political and financial support.問題1選項(xiàng)A.intentionB.instinctC.integrityD.intensity【答案】C【解析】句意:市長是一位正直的女性，因此值得我們?cè)谡紊虾徒?jīng)濟(jì)上給予支持。考查形近詞辨析。intention

56、 意圖;打算；instinct 本能;直覺; integrity誠實(shí)正直;完整;完好;intensity 強(qiáng)調(diào)。根據(jù)后半句句意“因此值得我們?cè)谡紊虾徒?jīng)濟(jì)上給予支持”可知C符合句意。15.單選題In the late twentieth century, one more symbolic ideal of manhood had emerged, the “spiritual warrior”. Conjured up in the teaching of Robert Bly and other leaders of the mythopoetic mens movement, this

57、ideal was born of dissatisfaction with the other ideals and images of men that have recently dominated American culture. It grows from a direct, conscious focus on the passions that its advocates assume are naturally male. The spiritual warrior believes he has lost touch with those passions and lost

58、 his ability to connect directly with other men. In the process, he has been prevented from fulfilling his deepest spiritual needs as well.This understanding of manhood appeals intensely to many men because of its focus on fatherhood. Bly and others lament the growing distance between fathers and so

59、ns in the modern world. The teachers of the spiritual warrior ideal see the discrimination of sons from their fathers repeating itself in the disconnection of men from passion, from the spirit, from their fellowmen. Here begins a striking series of parallels with the movement toward primitive mascul

60、inity at the turn of the twentieth century. For the spokesmen of that movement voiced the same concerns about the absence of fathers that men are voicing today. They also expressed the same anxiety about the dangers of a boy learning his vision of manhood through the eyes of mothers and other women.