【五年沖刺】2022年高考模擬試題匯編：名詞（含解析）

1、 16/16【5年真題】2006-2010年高考試題匯編：名詞（含解析）2006年高考真題06全國(guó)It is no arguing _ with Bill because he will never change his mind.A. use B. help C. time D. way答案A考點(diǎn)本題考查名詞辨析。解析it is no use后接動(dòng)詞+ing形式或動(dòng)詞+ing形式短語(yǔ)表示做某事沒有用。it作形式主語(yǔ), 接動(dòng)詞+ing形式或動(dòng)詞+ing形式短語(yǔ)作真正的主語(yǔ)。help意為 “幫助”。time意為 “時(shí)間”。way意為 “方法”。06天津Finding information in

2、 todays world is easy. The _ is how you can tell if the information you get is useful or not.A. ability B. competition C. challenge D. knowledge答案C考點(diǎn)本題考查名詞辨析。解析challenge意為 “挑戰(zhàn), 艱巨任務(wù), 難題”, 由于我們現(xiàn)在正處于信息爆炸的時(shí)代, 在當(dāng)今時(shí)代中找到信息是一件很容易的事, 但區(qū)分出這些信息是否有用的確是一個(gè)難題。ability意為 “能力”。competition意為 “競(jìng)賽”。knowledge意為 “知識(shí)”。06上

3、海When Jane began to take swimming lessons, her main _ was the fear of water. A. evidence B. crisis C. obstacle D. danger答案C考點(diǎn)本題考查名詞辨析。解析本題考查名詞obstacle(障礙)。學(xué)游泳的主要心理障礙是怕水, 這是-個(gè)常識(shí)。06遼寧School children must be taught how to deal with dangerous .A. states B. conditions C. situations D. positions答案C考點(diǎn)本題考查名

4、詞辨析。解析situation意為 “形勢(shì), 局面；情況”, 指各種具體情況綜合起來(lái)的狀態(tài), 多指危急或重大的事態(tài), 強(qiáng)調(diào)外部因素對(duì)該事態(tài)的影響。表示要教給學(xué)生如何處理危險(xiǎn)情況。state意為 “狀況, 情形, 情況, 形勢(shì)”, 指人或物在外觀、心理、健康、環(huán)境等方面的情形, 即人或物存在或所處的狀態(tài), 但不如condition具體。condition意為 “狀態(tài), 狀況, 情形”, 用作單數(shù)形式, 表示人或物所處的真實(shí)具體狀態(tài), 尤指內(nèi)在狀態(tài), 可與state替用, 用作復(fù)數(shù)形式, 籠統(tǒng)地表示一般的狀態(tài)。position意為 “位置；方位；地點(diǎn)”。06浙江If you like I can

5、do some shopping for you. Thats a very kind _.A. offer B. service C. point D. suggestion答案A考點(diǎn)本題考查名詞辨析。解析本題可以用排除法。首先service是不可數(shù)名詞, 應(yīng)該排除。另外本題問句 “如果你愿意, 我可以幫你買東西”從意思上分析是一個(gè)建議, suggestion作為提議、建議時(shí)是不可數(shù)名詞, 可以排除。另外point指觀點(diǎn), 不符合題意。所以選A, offer, 也是提議的意思。06福建Always read the _on the bottle carefully and take the

6、right amout of medicine.A. explanations B. instructions C. descriptions D. introductions答案B考點(diǎn)本題考查名詞辨析。解析instruction意為 “說(shuō)明, 須知”, 在正式場(chǎng)合, 指不可違背的命令, 在一般場(chǎng)合, 指知識(shí)性的指示或意見, 與direction相比, 語(yǔ)氣較輕, 較委婉, 常用作復(fù)數(shù)形式。explanation意為 “解釋, 注釋；說(shuō)明”, 指通過實(shí)例進(jìn)行解釋說(shuō)明。description意為 “描寫”, 指通過生動(dòng)的語(yǔ)言描述某件事或某個(gè)情節(jié)。introduction意為 “引導(dǎo)；傳入, 介紹

7、”, 指對(duì)某種新產(chǎn)品進(jìn)行介紹。06湖北To make members of a team perform better, the trainer first of all has to know their _ and weaknesses.A. strengths B. benefits C. techniques D. values答案A考點(diǎn)本題考查名詞辨析。解析strength意為 “力, 力量, 體力”, 常指人體或物體內(nèi)存在的力, 如氣力、耐力、抵抗力, 有時(shí)也可指進(jìn)行某種活動(dòng)的推動(dòng)力。根據(jù)句意可判斷出為了使體育隊(duì)的成員在比賽中取得更好成績(jī), 教練首先要了解隊(duì)員的體力和薄弱的地方。b

8、enefit意為 “利益, 好處；利潤(rùn)”。technique意為 “技術(shù)”。value意為 “價(jià)值”。06湖北The _on his face told me that he was angry.A. impression B. sight C. appearance D. expression答案D考點(diǎn)本題考查名詞辨析。解析expression意為 “表情”, 根據(jù)后面 “told me”可以推斷前面 “告訴我們他很生氣”的應(yīng)該是他 “臉上的表情”。impression是印象, sight是視覺, appearance是外貌, 這三個(gè)邏輯上都不對(duì)。06湖北At the meeting the

9、y discussed three different _to the study of mathematics.A. approaches B. means C. methods D. ways答案A考點(diǎn)本題考查名詞辨析。解析way意為 “方式, 方法”, 可指具體的方法, 也可指抽象的方法, 多指一般的思想、行動(dòng)、辦事的方法, 也可指?jìng)€(gè)人特殊的方法、方式等。three different ways of study of mathematics表示 “三種不同的學(xué)習(xí)數(shù)學(xué)的方式”。approach原指接近某人或某物, 也可指對(duì)待或處理的方式或方法。means用于抽象意義, 可指為達(dá)到某目的而

10、采用的方法、計(jì)劃、政策、策略等, 尤指整套的方法, 用于具體意義, 常指為達(dá)到某一目的所使用的工具、材料、機(jī)器、用具、車船等。method指具體的、系統(tǒng)的、有步驟的方法, 強(qiáng)調(diào)條理性及高效率。06廣東You have been sitting on my hat and now it is badly out of_ .A. date B. shape C. order D. balance答案B考點(diǎn)本題考查名詞辨析。解析out of shape是 “變型”的意思, 根據(jù)前面 “你坐在我的帽子上”可判斷出帽子是 “變型”了。out of date意為 “過時(shí)”, out of order意為

11、“混亂”, out of balance意為 “失衡”。06江西It is said that dogs will keep you_ for as long as you want when you are feeling lonely. A. safety B. company C. house D. friend答案B考點(diǎn)本題考查名詞辨析。解析本題的意思 “據(jù)說(shuō)在你孤獨(dú)的時(shí)候狗會(huì)陪伴在你身邊”, keep you company是 “如影隨形”的意思。06陜西My sister was against my suggestion while my brother was _it.A.in

12、 favour of B.in memory ofC.in honour of D.in search of答案A考點(diǎn)本題考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。解析in favour of意為 “贊成”, 表示對(duì)建議等贊成。while表示轉(zhuǎn)折, 意為 “而”, 表示我妹妹反對(duì)我的建議, 而我弟弟贊成我的建議。in honour of意為 “向表示敬意”。in memory of意為 “紀(jì)念”。in search of意為 “尋找, 尋求”。06上海春Put the _ of your tongue against your upper teeth when you produce the sound.A. tip

13、 B. top C. peak D. pole答案A考點(diǎn)本題考查名詞辨析。解析tip “尖”（舌尖）, top頂端, peak最高峰, 頂峰, pole極。2007年高考真題07湖北Despite such a big difference in _ towards what one eats, there is no doubt that people in the west regard the Chinese food as something special. A. point B. idea C. attitude D. sight 答案C考點(diǎn)本題考查名詞辨析。解析point點(diǎn);意義

14、;idea主意, 念頭;attitude態(tài)度, 看法;sight視力。句意為:盡管對(duì)一個(gè)人的飲食的態(tài)度有著很大的不同, 但是毫無(wú)疑問西方人把中國(guó)的飲食看作是某種特殊的東西。07上海My morning _ includes jogging in the park and reading newspapers over breakfast.A. drill B. action C. regulation D. routine 答案D考點(diǎn)本題考查名詞辨析。解析drill操練;action行為;regulation規(guī)則, 條例;routine慣例, 常規(guī)。由句意可知D項(xiàng)正確。07安徽The prac

15、tice of hanging clothes across the street is a common _ in many parts of the city.A. look B. sign C. sight D. appearance答案C考點(diǎn)本題考查名詞辨析。解析sight風(fēng)景;look表情;sign跡象, 現(xiàn)象;appearance出現(xiàn), 顯露。07天津One thousand dollars a month is not a fortune but would help cover my living _.A. bills B. expenses C. prices D. char

16、ges答案B考點(diǎn)本題考查名詞辨析。解析句意為：一月1 000美元不是一筆財(cái)富, 但是能幫助支付我的生活費(fèi)用。A項(xiàng)為 “賬單”；B項(xiàng)為 “花費(fèi)；費(fèi)用”；C項(xiàng)為 “價(jià)格”;D項(xiàng)為 “價(jià)格；索價(jià)”。07陜西He and his wife are of the same_; they both want their son to go to college.A. soul B. spirit C. heart D. mind答案D考點(diǎn)本題考查名詞辨析。解析本題考查名詞詞義辨析。soul心靈, 靈魂;spirit精神;heart心, 心臟;mind想法, 主意;be of the same mind為固

17、定短語(yǔ), 意為 “對(duì)看法相同, 主意一樣”, 符合句意。07福建You are always full of_ .Can you tell me the secret?Taking plenty of exercise every day.A. power B. strength C. force D. energy答案D考點(diǎn)本題考查名詞辨析。解析本題考查名詞詞義辨析。power權(quán)力, 勢(shì)力；strength力氣, 優(yōu)勢(shì);force力, 武力;energy精力;be full of energy指 “精力旺盛”, 符合題意。07浙江Of the seven days in a week, Sa

18、turday is said to be the most popular _ for a wedding in some countries.A. way B. situation C. event D. choice答案D考點(diǎn)本題考查名詞辨析。解析句意為:在某些國(guó)家, 一周的七天里星期六是舉行婚禮最佳的日子。way方式, 方法;situation狀況, 處境;event事情, 事件;choice挑選, 選擇。根據(jù)題意, 應(yīng)選D項(xiàng)。07山東I cant say which wine is best its a(n) _ of personal taste.A. affair B. event

19、 C. matter D. variety答案C考點(diǎn)此題考查固定搭配。a matter of .是固定搭配。解析句意：我無(wú)法說(shuō)哪種酒最好這是個(gè)人口味愛好的問題。a matter of意為 “關(guān)于的問題”, 如：a matter of principle原則問題；a matter of opinion仁者見仁, 智者見智；a matter of remembering words 記幾個(gè)單詞的問題。A項(xiàng)意為 “政治事務(wù), 私人業(yè)務(wù)”；B項(xiàng)意為 “重要事情、大事”；D項(xiàng)意為 “不同種類”。07遼寧Health problems are closely connected with bad eati

20、ng habits and a _ of exercise.A. limit B. lack C. need D. demand答案B考點(diǎn)本題考查名詞辨析。解析a lack of缺乏。句意為：健康問題與不良的飲食習(xí)慣和缺少鍛煉密切相關(guān)。2008年高考真題08安徽To save some of the human languages before they are forgotten, the students in our school started a discussion “Save Our _” A. Sky B. Life C. Arts D. Voices答案D考點(diǎn)本題考查名詞辨析

21、。解析由語(yǔ)境可知, 此處指人類的語(yǔ)言, 而語(yǔ)言是人類說(shuō)的, 因此用voices, 而不用其他選項(xiàng)。08福建Whats the _ of having a public open space where you cant eat, drink or even simply hang out for a while?A. sense B. matter C. case D. opinion答案A考點(diǎn)本題考查名詞辨析。解析本題所設(shè)的語(yǔ)境是：有這樣一個(gè)你在那里不能吃、不能喝甚至不能動(dòng)的公共開放場(chǎng)所有什么意義呢？A項(xiàng)sense “感覺, 思考, 意義”；B項(xiàng)matter “事件, 問題, 原因”；C項(xiàng)c

22、ase “事, 案例, 容器”；D項(xiàng)opinion “意見, 看法, 主張”。Whats the sense of？“有什么意義” 四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只能A項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。08江蘇I cant repair these until tomorrow, Im afraid.Thats OK, theres _.A. no problemB. no wonderC. no doubtD. no hurry答案D考點(diǎn)本題考查名詞詞組。解析根據(jù)第一句的意思可知 “說(shuō)話者擔(dān)心來(lái)不及修好”, 所以對(duì)方勸慰他不用急。no problem意思是 “沒問題”, 通常單獨(dú)使用或用Thats no problem；(Its)

23、no wonder意思是 “難怪”；There is no doubt意思是 “毫無(wú)疑問”。08江蘇Why do you suggest we buy a new machine?Because the old one has been damaged _.A. beyond reachB. beyond repairC. beyond controlD. beyond description答案B考點(diǎn)本題考查名詞辨析。解析根據(jù)前一句的提示可知, 只有在壞得無(wú)法修理的情況下才建議去買新的機(jī)器。故用beyond repair, 意為 “；beyond the reach of意為 “鞭長(zhǎng)莫及”；

24、beyond control意為 “失控”；beyond description意為 “難以言表”。08山東I bought a dress for only 10 dollars in a sale; it was a real _.A. exchangeB. bargainC. tradeD. business答案B考點(diǎn)本題考查名詞辨析。解析bargain用作名詞時(shí), 意為 “廉價(jià)貨, 便宜貨”, a real bargain意為 “真便宜”。08江西Shall we go out for a walk? Sorry. This is not the right _ to invite m

25、e. I am too tired to walk.A. moment B. situation C. Place D. chance答案A考點(diǎn)本題考查名詞辨析。解析句意為：我們出去散散步好嗎？對(duì)不起, 這不是邀請(qǐng)我的合適的時(shí)間, 我太累了而不想去散步。A項(xiàng) “某一時(shí)刻, 片刻”；B項(xiàng) “情形, 狀況”；C項(xiàng) “地方”；D項(xiàng) “機(jī)會(huì)”。08浙江Dogs have a very good _ of smell and are often used to search for survivors in an earthquake.A. sense B. view C. means D. idea答

26、案A考點(diǎn)本題考查名詞辨析。解析a sense of smell嗅覺。句意為：狗嗅覺靈敏, 經(jīng)常被用來(lái)搜尋地震中的幸存者。08湖北The young man made a _ to his parents that he would try to earn is own living after graduation.A. prediction B. promise C. plan D. contribution答案B考點(diǎn)本題考查名詞辨析。解析句意為：這位年輕人向他的父母許諾說(shuō)畢業(yè)之后他將努力自食其力。make a promise許諾, 答應(yīng), 其后的that從句為同位語(yǔ)從句, 補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明先行詞p

27、romise的內(nèi)容, 其他選項(xiàng)不合句意。08湖北The top leaders of the two countries are holding talks in a friendly_A. atmosphere B. state C. situation D. phenomenon答案A考點(diǎn)本題考查名詞辨析。解析句意為：這兩個(gè)國(guó)家的最高領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人在友好的氣氛中進(jìn)行交談。atmosphere氣氛, 氛圍；state狀態(tài)；situation形勢(shì), 局面；phenomenon現(xiàn)象。08天津Most air pollution is caused by the burning of _ like coa

28、l, gas and oil.A. fuels B. articles C. goods D. products答案A考點(diǎn)本題考查名詞辨析。解析coal, gas and oil均為 “燃料(fuels)”。2009年高考真題09安徽China has got a good_ for fighting against the flu with its careful and smooth organization.A. reputation B. influence C. impressionD. knowledge答案A考點(diǎn)本題考查名詞辨析。解析09福建The World Health Or

29、ganization gave a warning to the public without any _ when the virus of H1N1 hit Mexico in April, 2009.A. delay B. effort C. schedule D. consideration答案A考點(diǎn)本題考查名詞辨析。解析名詞詞義辨析。delay：耽擱, 延誤；effort：努力；schedule：時(shí)間表；consideration：考慮, 體諒；關(guān)心。題干意思是：當(dāng)H1N1型2009年4月襲擊墨西哥時(shí), 世界衛(wèi)生組織毫不猶豫地向人們提出了警告。選A。09湖北Hiking by one

30、self can be fun and good for health. It may also be good for _ building.A. respect B. friendship C. reputation D. character答案D.考點(diǎn)本題考查名詞辨析。解析根據(jù)常識(shí)便可知運(yùn)動(dòng)既可增強(qiáng)體質(zhì)也可強(qiáng)健個(gè)性, 不會(huì)增強(qiáng)尊敬或名聲, 友誼可以增強(qiáng), 但與前面health不搭配, 故答案為character。09湖北In our class, when the bell rang and the teacher closed his book, it was a _ for ever

31、yone to stand up.A. signal B. chance C. mark D. measure答案A考點(diǎn)本題考查名詞辨析。解析根據(jù)句意可知打鈴及老師合上書本, 這是下課的暗示, 選項(xiàng)中只能選擇signal。chance “機(jī)會(huì)”, mark “分?jǐn)?shù), 痕跡”, measure “方法, 措施”。09江西The _ shoes were covered with mud, so I asked them to take them off before they got into _ car.A. girls; Toms B. girls; Toms C. girls; Toms

32、D. girls; Toms K5u答案C考點(diǎn)本題考查名詞所有格。解析名詞所有格形式。根據(jù)題干后半部分的them可知對(duì)應(yīng)復(fù)數(shù)girls。此題較易09海南Encourage your children to try new things, but try not to _ them too hard.A. draw B. strikeC. rush D. push答案D考點(diǎn)本題考查名詞辨析。解析句意為：鼓勵(lì)你的孩子去嘗試新事物,但不要把它們太難了。push 推, 擠, 逼迫；strike v. 打,罷工,劃燃rush v. 沖進(jìn),匆促行事,催draw v. 拉,拖,挨近,提取,畫,繪制。根據(jù)句意

33、, 應(yīng)選D。09山東He says that my new car is a _ of money.Dont you think those words are just sour grapes?A. lack B. load C. question D. waste答案D考點(diǎn)本題考查名詞辨析。解析考查單詞的區(qū)別：lack缺乏；load負(fù)擔(dān)；question疑問；waste 浪費(fèi)；根據(jù)句意, 尤其是下句的sour grapes(酸葡萄)可知答案選D。09陜西Form their _ on the top of the TV Tower, visitors can have a better v

34、iew of the city.A. stage B. position C. condition D. situation答案B考點(diǎn)本題考查名詞辨析。解析名詞詞義辨析；stage：舞臺(tái), 時(shí)期, 階段；position：位置；condition：條件, 情況；situation：形式, 情況；情景；根據(jù)空前的物主代詞their可以推斷出此處選B。題干意思是：從他們?cè)陔娨曀敳康奈恢? 游客們可以更好地看到這個(gè)城市的景色。09天津Im trying to break the _ of getting up too late .A. tradition B. convenience C. hab

35、it D. leisure答案C考點(diǎn)本題考查名詞辨析。句意為, 我一直試圖改變起床晚的習(xí)慣。tradition傳統(tǒng), 常規(guī)；convenience方便；leisure休閑時(shí)間, 閑暇。解析09浙江The system has been designed to give students quick and easy _ to the digital resources of the library.A. accessB. passageC. wayD. approach答案A考點(diǎn)本題考查名詞辨析。解析句意：新設(shè)計(jì)的系統(tǒng)能夠讓學(xué)生便捷、容易地搜索到圖書館的電子資源。這里give.access t

36、o.是固定詞組, 表示 “能得到, 能進(jìn)入”, 所以選A2010年高考真題10安徽I havent seen Sara since she was a little girl, and she has changed beyond_A. hearing B strength C. recognition D. measure答案C考點(diǎn)本題考查名詞辨析。解析hearing意為 “聽力”；strength意為 “力氣；力量”； recognition意為 “認(rèn)出；識(shí)別；認(rèn)識(shí)”； measure意為 “測(cè)量；措施”。句意為 “她變得認(rèn)不出來(lái)了?！?0江西Last year the number of

37、 students who graduated with a driving license reached 200,000, a (n) _ of 40,000 per year.A average B number C amount D quantity答案A考點(diǎn)考查名詞。解析a number of 許多 amount of 一般加不可數(shù)名詞表金額, a quantity of 既可以加可數(shù)也可以加不可數(shù), 但沒有平均每年增加的意思。10山東Those who suffer from headache will find they get _ from this medicine.A. r

38、elief B. safety C. defense D. shelter答案A考點(diǎn)本題考查名詞在具體語(yǔ)境的使用。解析句意應(yīng)為 “那些頭痛的人會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)這種藥物能使頭痛緩解。”所以A項(xiàng)意義符合句意, relief 表示 “緩解, 減輕, 解除”。 safety表示 “安全, 保險(xiǎn)”；defense 表示 “防御, 防護(hù)”； shelter表示 “掩蔽, 保護(hù)”。10天津James took the magazines off the little table to make_ for the television.A. room B. area C. field D. position答案A考點(diǎn)考查名詞意義和用法。解析句意：詹姆斯把雜志從小桌子上拿下了, 目的是為電視騰出空間。make