科研方法與論文寫作課件

1、科研方法與論文寫作課程安排：主講人第一講：緒論-科研方法與論文寫作 （盧寶榮 教授 ）第二講：科學(xué)論文的一般格式和組織 （盧寶榮 教授 ）第三講：選題、作者署名排序和摘要的撰寫 （盧寶榮 教授 ）第四講：研究概況和研究目的前言部分 （盧寶榮 教授 ）第五講：研究材料與方法的選用和表述 （盧寶榮 教授 ）第六講：研究結(jié)果及其表述（盧寶榮 教授 ） 課程內(nèi)容安排： 課程內(nèi)容安排：第七講：研究結(jié)果及其意義的討論（李博 教授 ） 第八講：如何致謝和引用參考文獻(xiàn) （李博 教授 ）第九講：研究結(jié)果的統(tǒng)計(jì)分析和圖表表示方法 （李博 教授 ）第十講：科學(xué)論文投稿程序及須知 （盧寶榮 教授 ）第十一講：科學(xué)論文

2、的審稿和發(fā)表程序（盧寶榮 教授 ） 第十二講：科學(xué)論文的電子學(xué)術(shù)刊物及其投稿與發(fā)表 （盧寶榮 教授 ）科研方法與論文寫作科 學(xué) 論 文的一般格式和組織 第一、二講什么是科學(xué)研究？科學(xué)研究是對(duì)未知世界的探索的過(guò)程和發(fā)現(xiàn)真理的過(guò)程和活動(dòng)科學(xué)研究結(jié)果的記錄positive or negative科學(xué)研究結(jié)果的報(bào)道和傳播科學(xué)研究結(jié)果報(bào)道的重要性科學(xué)研究與技術(shù)技術(shù)是利用已有的科學(xué)的發(fā)現(xiàn)、知識(shí)和科學(xué)規(guī)律來(lái)進(jìn)行應(yīng)用和設(shè)計(jì)應(yīng)用方式的活動(dòng)技術(shù)的記錄方式技術(shù)的報(bào)道和傳播科學(xué)論文的重要性什么是科學(xué)論文？ A scientific paper:is a written document describing orig

3、inal research results or reviewing scientific findings and developmentthat will be published validly科學(xué)論文的特點(diǎn)The key characteristics of scientific writing is its clarityScientific writing must be understood Scientific writing is the transmission of a clear and simple signal to a recipientScientific wr

4、iting should use an appropriate language為什么要寫科學(xué)論文A scientific experiment is not complete until the results have been published and understoodScientific writing ensures the scientific findings be learned and passed on Without publication, science is dead. - Gerard Piel科學(xué)論文的一般格式The first journals were

5、 published ca. 300 years agoThe early scientific writing was very descriptiveIn the recent 100 years, scientific writing becomes more structured with certain formatThe IMMRD (or IMRAD) becomes commonly accepted scientific writingThe IMMRD formatI = IntroductionM&M = Material and methodR = ResultsD =

6、 DiscussionThe IMMRD formatIntroduction: What question was studied ? (the objectives of the study)Materials & methods: how and based on what the problem studied ?The IMMRD formatResults: what are the findings ?Discussion: what do the findings mean ?科學(xué)論文的組織A scientific paper is organized to meet the

7、needs of valid publicationIt should be highly STYLIZED with distinctive and clearly evident components 科學(xué)論文的組織 The most common labeling of the component parts in the basic sciences is:IntroductionMaterials & methodsResultsDiscussion科學(xué)論文的組織 But some journals has somewhat different systems of organiza

8、tionIntroductionResultsDiscussionMethods (Cell, molecular evolution)科學(xué)論文的組織The basic IMRAD is so logical that is used for many other types of expository writingThe logic of IMRAD should be followed in organizing a scientific articleEven for the paper, such as notes and short communication科學(xué)論文的組織Orga

9、nization of a scientific paper is more important than literary skillThe readers are not interested in reading poetic sentences in a scientific paper, but scientific findings and factsScientists must demand a system of reporting data that is uniform, concise, and readily understandable 科學(xué)論文的組織 Review paper: reviewing recent work in a defined subject area or the w