2022-2023學年年級上冊素材Unit

2022-2022學年8年級英語（北師大版）上冊素材（含教案和練習）Unit3CountriesandCities（1）一.教學內容：第三單元第一部分能簡單描述不同國家的人口、地理、語言等情況，并進行比較二.本周教學重點、難點：1.描述國家的人口、地理、語言等。2.“How+adjective”疑問句，及其回答。3.形容詞的比較級。三.具體內容：（一）Askingaboutcountries,cities,andlanguages.1.—WhatisthecapitalofFrance?—It’sParis.2.—WhatlanguagedotheyspeakinAmerica?—TheyspeakEnglish.3.—WhereistheEiffelTower?—It’sinFrance.4.—Whatisthecountryfamousfor?—It’sfamousforthesilk..Mycountryisverylarge.Ithasmanybeautifullakes,riversandmountains.Mostpeopleliveinthesouthernpartofthecountrybecauseitisverycoldinthenorth.ThecapitalofmycountryisOttawa.MycountryiscalledCanada.（二）Questionswith“How+adjective”1.—HowlongistheNileRiver?—TheNileRiverisabout6,671kmlong.2.—HowhighistheGreatPyramid?—TheGreatPyramidis137metershigh.3.—HowfarisBeijingfromShanghai?—It’sabout1000km.4.—HowdeepistheGrandCanyon?—It’sabout…deep.（三）Comparativeadjectives形容詞的原來形式在相比較概念中稱做原級，與之比較，“更……的”稱作比較級，“最……的”稱作最高級。形容詞變成比較級和最高級的構成規(guī)則1.一般單音節(jié)形容詞和少數(shù)雙音節(jié)詞變成比較級，最高級，分別在詞尾加er,est.情況變法例詞一般情況加er,esttall—taller—tallest以e結尾時加r,stlarge—larger—largest以“輔音+y”結尾時變y為i，加er,esthappy—happier—happiest以重讀閉音節(jié)結尾，末尾只有一個輔音字母時雙寫最后的輔音字母，再加er,estbig—bigger—biggestthin—thinner—thinnest對少數(shù)的雙音節(jié)形容詞，變比較級和最高級時也是如此。.narrow—narrower—narrowestsimple—simpler—simplestclever—cleverer—cleverest2.一般雙音節(jié)及多音節(jié)的形容詞變比較級和最高級時，都要在前面加more,most..useful—moreuseful—mostusefuldifficult—moredifficult—mostdifficult3.不規(guī)則形式。原級比較級最高級many/muchmoremostgood/wellbetterbestbadworseworstlittlelessleastfarfarther/furtherfarthest/furthest4.有一些形容詞沒有比較級。.ChineseEnglish,afraidawarealive,eastwest,rightleft,woodengolden,squareround…5.形容詞比較級的用法。（1）所在的句子結構通常是：“含有形容詞比較級的主句+引導的從句”，如從句省略，要保留同主句相比的部分及其修飾語。.Mycompositionisshorterthanhers.IhavemoreEnglishbooksthanFrenchbooks.ThepenI’musingnowisbetterthantheoneIusedlastyear.（2）相比中，出現(xiàn)的程度和數(shù)量之差，須置于形容詞比較級的前面。.Iam2yearsolderthanmyyoungerbrother.Yourshoesare2sizesbiggerthanhers.Thisbookismoreexpensivethanthatone.6.形容詞最高級的用法。用于兩者以上的比較。通常前面加定冠詞，并有一個表示范圍的短語或從句。.ItisthemostinterestingbookIhaveeverread.Johnisthetallestboyintheclass.Sheisthebeststudentintheschool.7.其他用法。（1）形容詞的同級比較。表示兩者一樣時，用as…as，不及……時，用notso…as,notas…as.Heisastallashiseldersister.Ireadlesson2asmanytimesaslesson1.InwinteritisnotsocoldinNanjingasinBeijing.（2）形容詞比較級的單獨用法。Areyoufeelingbetternow?Bemorecareful.Eatlessmeatandmorevegetable.Hehaslessmoney.（3）moreandmore越來越AfterMarch,theweatherisgettingwarmerandwarmer.Nowourcountryisgettingstrongerandstronger.Thegardenisbecomingmoreandmorebeautiful.（4）themore…themore越是……就越Themoreangryshebecame,themoretheylaughedather.Theharderyouwork,thebetteryouwilldo.四.課堂練習。（一）單選。1.CanadaisverylargebutRussiaisthanCanada.A.largeB.largerC.largestD.thelargest2.TheAralSeacontinuedtoget.A.smallB.smallerC.smallestD.thesmallest3.TheAmazonRivergoesthecountry.A.throughB.acrossC.underD.from4.Theyagreedtousewaterforfarmingthanbefore.A.fewB.lessC.littleD.alittle5.LifeinChinatodayisthanitwasinthepast.A.goodB.betterC.bestD.thebest6.Theserviceinthishoteliseventhanitwasinthepast.A.badB.worseC.worstD.theworst（二）時態(tài)填空。1.—Whatdidyoudolastnight?—I(surf)theInternet.2.—Whatareyoudoingthisweekend?—I(meet)somefriends.3.Heusually(go)tobedathalfpastten.4.She(visit)hergrandparentslastsummer.5.I(travel)aroundtheworldwhenIhaveenoughmoney.6.NextSundaywe(have)lunchinarestaurant.【模擬試題】（答題時間：30分鐘）一.單選1.Mr.andMrs.Tailorliveinabeautifulvillagenearthesea.A.tooB.veryC.moreD.many2.HowistheMississippiRiver？A.highB.tallC.oftenD.long3.isthecapitalcityoftheUnitedKingdom.A.NewYorkB.BerlinC.TokyoD.London4.Thispieceofcakeislargerthanthatone.A.bitB.fewC.abitD.afew5.Whichcountryis,RussiaorAmerica?A.bigB.biggerC.morebiggerD.muchbig6.ThetotalpopulationinChinaislargerthanthepopulationinCanada.A.veryB.tooC.muchD.many7.IsLosAngelesmoreinterestingthanLondon?A.veryB.tooC.muchD.many8.placedoyouprefertolivein,abigcityorasmallvillage?A.WhereB.WhichC.HowD.Why二.完型填空。IamtakingmyfamilytoEuropethisyear.MywifeandIandourtwo1aregoing.Mybrotherisafarmer.Hedecidedtogowith2.Firstheisgoingonhishorsebackfromhisfarmtothe3station.Thenheistakingabustoourhouse.Fromhere,wearegoing4.WearegoingtogobytraintoNewYork,andthentakeashiptoEurope.Whenwearrivein5,wearegoingtorentacarand6whereverwewanttogo.Thenwearegoingtoreturnthe7.Weareplanningtoflyhome.Ittookusalongtimetodecideour8.Atfirstwewantedto9toEuropebecauseitwasfaster.Butmybrotherpreferstotakea10trip.Thechildrenlikethattoo.1.A.horsesB.dogsC.sistersD.children2.A.usB.themC.himD.me3.A.trainB.railwayC.busD.underground4.A.togetherB.backC.o