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住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語-湖南農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I(帶答案詳解)(圖片可根據(jù)實際調(diào)整大?。╊}型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題

Thedinner________prepared,Itookanapbeforetheguestsarrived.

問題1選項

A.be

B.being

C.havingbeen

D.tobe

【答案】C

【解析】考查獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。句意:晚餐做好了我在客人來之前打了個盹。主句的謂語動詞“took”是過去時,而根據(jù)句意晚餐是在“我”睡覺之前就已經(jīng)做好了,是一種完成的狀態(tài),所以答案要選C:現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式。A選項會造成主句有兩套主謂結(jié)構(gòu),而句子中間沒有連詞,所以不能選A;B選項表示現(xiàn)在而D選項表示將來,不符合題意。

2.單選題

It(

)atleast50%offtheregularpriceofeitherframesorlenseswhenyoubuyboth.

問題1選項

A.entitlesyouto

B.providesyou

C.suppliesyoufor

D.givesyouto

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。A選項entitlesyouto“給你……權(quán)”;B選項providesyou“提供你”;C選項suppliesyoufor“為你提供”;D選項givesyouto“給你”。句意:當(dāng)你鏡框和鏡片都買了的話,它會給你鏡框或者鏡片半價的折扣。這里答案選A,只有當(dāng)你鏡框和鏡片都買,你才有半價權(quán)利。provide后面不能接雙賓語,所以不選;give可以接雙賓語,所以不需要加to;supply一般與with或者to搭配,所以C選項錯誤。

3.單選題

Thefamouspicture________inItalyisnowexhibitedinamuseuminParis.

問題1選項

A.thatshoot

B.itwasshot

C.asisshot

D.whichwasshot

【答案】D

【解析】考查定語從句。句意:這張著名的照片()于意大利,現(xiàn)展覽在巴黎的一家博物館。四個選項都有shoot即“拍攝”的意思。因為照片只能被拍攝,所以要用被動語態(tài),A選項排除。一個句子,沒有從句連接詞或者連詞的話只能出現(xiàn)一套主謂結(jié)構(gòu),所以B不選;as可以引導(dǎo)狀語從句充當(dāng)從句主語,但是表因為,或者類比,C選項邏輯不通,所以答案選D。

4.單選題

),theywouldbehappy.

問題1選項

A.Iftheywillgetmarried

B.Havetheygotmarried

C.Weretheytogetmarried

D.Theygetmarried

【答案】C

【解析】考查虛擬語氣的倒裝。句意:(),他們將會開心。選D選項會導(dǎo)致兩個句子中間沒有連詞連接造成語法錯誤。選A選項就是看作if引導(dǎo)的真實條件句,但是兩邊句子的時態(tài)不一致,所以也不選。虛擬條件句中含有were,had,would等動詞時,可以將if省略,然后將were,had,would等詞移至句首。根據(jù)后面主句的時態(tài),這是對現(xiàn)在或者將來的假設(shè),所以B選項不選,這是對過去的假設(shè);所以答案選C。

5.單選題

Thevictim(

)tosurviveifhehadbeentakentohospitalintime.

問題1選項

A.wouldhaveachance

B.wouldhavehadachance

C.hasachance

D.hashadachance

【答案】B

【解析】考查虛擬語氣。句意:如果送到醫(yī)院去,這個病人或許還能得救。這里根據(jù)句意,病人沒有及時送到醫(yī)院,if引導(dǎo)的是虛擬的條件句,而且根據(jù)if后面的時態(tài)可以知道這是表示對過去事情的推測,所以答案要選B。

6.單選題

Californiahasmorelightthanitknow________todowithbuteverythingelseisexpensive.

問題1選項

A.how

B.what

C.which

D.where

【答案】B

【解析】考查從句引導(dǎo)詞。句意:加利福尼亞只有陽光多得不知怎么處理,而其余所有東西都很貴。分析句子成分than作連詞連接兩個句子,第二個句子it指代加州,know作謂語,后面接的是賓語。

7.不定項選擇題

Forhundredsofmillionsofyears,turtleshavestruggledoutoftheseatolaytheireggsonsandybeaches,longbeforetherewerenaturedocumentariestocelebratethem,orGPSsatellitesandmarinebiologiststotrackthem,orvolunteerstohand-carrythehatchlingsdowntothewater’sedgelesttheybecomedisorientedbyheadlightsandcrawltowardsamotelparkinglotinstead.AformidablewallofbureaucracyhasbeenerectedtoprotecttheirprimenestingontheAtlanticcoastlines.Withallthatattentionpaidtothem,you’dthinkthesecreatureswouldatleasthavethegratitudenottogoextinct.

ButNatureisindifferenttohumannotionsoffairness,andareportbytheFishandWildlifeServiceshowedaworrisomedropinthepopulationsofseveralspeciesofNorthAtlanticturtles,notablyloggerheads,whichcangrowtoasmuchas400pounds.TheSouthFloridanestingpopulation,thelargest,hasdeclinedby50%inthelastdecade,accordingtoElizabethGriffin,amarinebiologistwiththeenvironmentalgroupOceana.ThefigurespromptedOceanatopetitionthegovernmenttoupgradethelevelofprotectionfortheNorthAtlanticloggerheadsfrom“threatened”to“endangered”—meaningtheyareindangerofdisappearingwithoutadditionalhelp.

Whichraisestheobviousquestion:whatelsedotheseturtleswantfromus,anyway?Itturnsout,accordingtoGriffin,thatwhilewehavedoneagoodjobofprotectingtheturtlesfortheweekstheyspendland(asegg-layingfemales,aseggsandashatchlings),wehaveneglectedtheyearsspendinocean.“Thethreatisfromcommercialfishing,”saysGriffin.Trawlers(whichdraglargenetsthroughthewaterandalongtheoceanfloor)andlonglinefishers(whichcandeploythousandsofhooksonlinesthatcanstretchformiles)takeaheavytollonturtles.

Ofcourse,likeeveryotherenvironmentalissuetoday,thisisplayingoutagainstthebackgroundofglobalwarmingandhumaninterferencewithnaturalecosystems.Thenarrowstripsofbeachonwhichtheturtleslaytheireggsarebeingsqueezedononesidebydevelopmentandontheotherbythreatofrisinglevelsastheoceanswarm.Ultimatelywemustgetahandleonthoseissuesaswell,oracreaturethatoutlivedthedinosaurswillmeetitsendatthehandsofhumans,leavingourdescendantstowonderhowcreaturesouglycouldhavewonsomuchaffection.

1.Wecanlearnfromthefirstparagraphthat________.

2.Whatdoestheauthormeanby“Natureisindifferenttohumannotionsoffairness”(Line1,Para.2)?

3.WhatconstitutesamajorthreattothesurvivalofturtlesaccordingtoElizabethGriffin?

4.Howdoesglobalwarmingaffectthesurvivalofturtles?

問題1選項

A.governmentbureaucracyhascontributedtoturtles’extinction

B.humanactivitieshavechangedthewayturtlessurvive.

C.marinebiologistsarelookingforthesecretofturtles’reproduction

D.effortshavebeenmadetoprotectturtlesfromdyingout

問題2選項

A.Thecourseofnaturewillnotbechangedbyhumaninterference.

B.Natureisquitefairregardingthesurvivalofturtles.

C.Theturtlepopulationhaddecreasedinspiteofhumanprotection.

D.Turtlesarebynatureindifferenttohumanactivities.

問題3選項

A.Theirlowerreproductivelyability.

B.Theirinadequatefoodsupply.

C.Contaminationofseawater

D.Unregulatedcommercialfishing.

問題4選項

A.Therisingsealevelsmakeitharderfortheirhatchlingstogrow.

B.Itthreatensthesandybeachesonwhichtheylayeggs.

C.Ittakesthemlongertoadapttothehighbeachtemperature.

D.Thechangingclimatemakesitdifficultfortheireggstohatch.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:B

【解析】第1題:推理判斷題。A選項“政府的官僚作風(fēng)導(dǎo)致了海龜?shù)臏缃^”;B選項“人類活動已經(jīng)改變了海龜?shù)纳娣绞??!?;C選項“海洋生物學(xué)家正在尋找海龜繁殖的秘密”;D選項“人們已經(jīng)采取措施保護(hù)海龜免于滅絕”。根據(jù)題干定位到第一段最后一句Withallthatattentionpaidtothem,you’dthinkthesecreatureswouldatleasthavethegratitudenottogoextinct.

(人們對它們給予了如此多的關(guān)注,你可能會認(rèn)為這些生物至少會心存感激,不會走向滅絕。)這里可知答案選D。B、C選項文章沒有提及;根據(jù)第一段倒數(shù)第二句話AformidablewallofbureaucracyhasbeenerectedtoprotecttheirprimenestingontheAtlanticcoastlines(為了保護(hù)它們在大西洋沿岸的主要筑巢地,政府已經(jīng)豎起了一道強(qiáng)大的官僚主義墻)A選項錯誤。

第2題:推理判斷題。題干:作者說“大自然對人類的公平觀念漠不關(guān)心”的意圖是什么。A選項“大自然的進(jìn)程不會因為人類的干擾而改變”;B選項“在海歸的存活上大自然還是很公平的”;C選項“盡管人類在保護(hù)它但是海龜?shù)臄?shù)量在減少”;D選項“海龜天然地對人類活動不感興趣”。根據(jù)第二段第一句…areportbytheFishandWildlifeServiceshowedaworrisomedropinthepopulationsofseveralspeciesofNorthAtlanticturtles,…(……魚類及野生動物管理局的一份報告顯示,北大西洋幾種海龜?shù)臄?shù)量出現(xiàn)了令人擔(dān)憂的下降……)從這里可知答案選C,其他選項,第二自然段沒有提及。

第3題:事實細(xì)節(jié)題。題干:伊麗莎白?格里芬認(rèn)為什么是對海龜生存的主要威脅。A選項“他們的生育能力低”;B選項“他們的食物不足”;C選項“污染的海水”;D選項“無節(jié)制的商業(yè)捕魚”。根據(jù)題干定位到第三段第二、三句話…wehaveneglectedtheyearsspendinocean.“Thethreatisfromcommercialfishing,”saysGriffin.Trawlers(whichdraglargenetsthroughthewaterandalongtheoceanfloor)andlonglinefishers(whichcandeploythousandsofhooksonlinesthatcanstretchformiles)takeaheavytollonturtles.(……我們忽視了在海洋中度過的歲月?!巴{來自商業(yè)捕魚,”格里芬說。拖網(wǎng)漁船(在水中和海底拖著大網(wǎng))和長線漁船(可以在魚線上部署數(shù)千個魚鉤,可以延伸數(shù)英里)對海龜造成嚴(yán)重傷害。),因此,答案選D。

第4題:事實細(xì)節(jié)題。題干:氣候變暖對海龜有什么影響。A選項“不斷上升的海平面使它們的幼崽難以生長?!?;B選項“它威脅著它們產(chǎn)卵的沙灘”;C選項“它們需要更長的時間來適應(yīng)海灘的高溫”;D選項“不斷變化的氣候使它們的卵難以孵化”。根據(jù)題干定位到最后一段倒數(shù)第二句話Thenarrowstripsofbeachonwhichtheturtleslaytheireggsarebeingsqueezedononesidebydevelopmentandontheotherbythreatofrisinglevelsastheoceanswarm.(海龜產(chǎn)卵的狹長海灘一邊因開發(fā)而受到擠壓,另一邊則因海洋變暖而面臨海平面上升的威脅。)所以答案選B。

8.單選題

Arecentsurveysuggestedthatifmoneywerenotanissue,mostmothers________nottoworkatall.

問題1選項

A.shouldprefer

B.prefer

C.wouldprefer

D.preferred

【答案】C

【解析】考查虛擬語氣的用法。選項里面都有prefer,句意是:一項調(diào)查顯示如果不是因為經(jīng)濟(jì)問題,多數(shù)母親更愿意選擇不工作。從if可以聯(lián)想到條件句,后面接的是were,可知這是個虛擬的條件,否則be動詞形式我們會選was或者is,因虛擬語氣的主句謂語形式是would+原形或者wouldhavedone,所以B和D不能選,should的本意是“應(yīng)該”,would的意思是“將會”,選would句意會更加貼切,所以我們應(yīng)該選C。

9.不定項選擇題

Asfifteen-year-oldPerryshuffledintomyoffice,withhisparentstrailingtentativelybehind,heglancedatmewithastrainedneutralexpressionthatI’dfoundusuallymaskedeithergreatangerorgreatdistress;inPerry’scaseitwasboth.Althoughanorexia(厭食癥)isadisordermostoftenassociatedwithgirls,PerrywasthethirdinalineofanorexicboysIhadrecentlyseen.

Perryrefusedtoeatwithhisfamily,alwaysclaiminghewasn’thungryatthetimeandthathepreferredtoeatlaterinhisroom.Newmenus,gentleencouragement,veiledthreats,nagging,andoutrightbribeshadallbeentried,tonoavail.Whywouldanotherwisehealthyfifteen-year-oldboybestarvinghimself?Thequestionhungurgentlyintheairaswealltalked.

Let’sbeclearfromtheoutset:Perrywasasmart,goodkid,shy,unassuming,andgenerallyunlikelytocausetrouble.HewasgettingstraightA’sinachallengingandcompetitivepublicschoolhonorscurriculumthatspring.Andhelatertoldmethathehadn’tgottenaBonhisreportcardsincefourthgrade,insomewayshewaseveryparent’sdreamchild.

Butbeneathhisacademicsuccess,Perryfacedaworldoftroubles.OnebigproblemwasthatwhilePerrywasastrongachiever,hewasnotatallahappyone.“Ihatewakingupinthemorningbecausethere’sallthisstuffIhavetodo,”hesaid.“Ijustkeepmakinglistsofthingstodoandcheckingthemoffeachday.Notjustschoolwork,butextracurricularactivities,soIcangetintoagoodcollege.”

Perrywasgiftedenoughtojumpthroughtheacademichoopsthathadbeensetforhim,butitfeltlikelittlemorethanhoop-jumping,andthisateathim.Butthatwasn’thisonlyproblem.

Perrywaswell-lovedbyhisparents,asaremostoftheyoungpeoplewesee.Butintheireffortstonurtureandsupporthim,hisparentsinadvertentlyincreasedhismentalstrain.Overtime,theyhadtakenonallhishouseholdchores,inordertoleavehimmoretimeforschoolworkandactivities.“That’shistoppriority,”theysaidalmostinunisonwhenIaskedaboutthis.AlthoughremovingthechoresfromPerry’splategavehimabitmoretime,itultimatelylefthimfeelingevenmoreuselessandtense.Heneverreallydidanythingforanyoneexceptsuckuptheirtimeandmoney,andheknewit.Andifhethoughtaboutbackingoffonhisschoolworkwell,lookhowmuchhisparentswerepouringintomakingitgowell.Sandwichedbetweenfuryandguilt,Perryhadliterallybeguntowither.

1.Thispassageisnarratedfromthepointofviewof________.

2.Accordingtothepassage,Perry’stwobiggestproblemswere________.

3.Theprimarypurposeofthepassageisto________.

4.Theword“inadvertently”(Para.6)mostnearlymeans“________”.

問題1選項

A.aprofessorstudyingtheeffectsofovereatingonyoungmales

B.aconcernedtherapistwhoworkswithstrugglingyoungadults

C.adoctorwhotreatseating,compulsiveandsleepingdisorders

D.acollegestudentworkingonathesisabouteatingdisorders

問題2選項

A.beinganunhappyachieverandtheaddedmentalstrainfromhisparents

B.hispoorattitudetowardschoolandhisfeelingofwastingtimeandmoney

C.hisfuryandguilt

D.drugabuseandconflictwithinhisfamily

問題3選項

A.analyzepossiblereasonswhyayoungpersonmayhaveaneatingdisorder

B.compareoneyoungperson’sspecialproblemstothoseofatypicalteenager

C.relateanemotionalreactiontotheshockofaneatingdisorder

D.explainhowtoday’syouthoftendevelopeatingdisorders

問題4選項

A.steadily

B.incrementally

C.mistakenly

D.surreptitiously

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:C

【解析】第1題:主旨大意題。根據(jù)題干定位到第一段第一句…h(huán)eglancedatmewithastrainedneutralexpressionthatI’dfoundusuallymaskedeithergreatangerorgreatdistress;inPerry’scaseitwasboth.(……他帶著一種緊張的、不露聲色的表情看了我一眼,我發(fā)現(xiàn)這種表情通常要么掩蓋著巨大的憤怒,要么掩蓋著巨大的痛苦;在佩里的案例中,兩者都是。)最后一段最后一句話Sandwichedbetweenfuryandguilt,Perryhadliterallybeguntowither.(在憤怒和內(nèi)疚的夾縫中,佩里已經(jīng)開始變得虛弱了。)由此判斷答案選B“一位治療處于困境的年輕人的專家”。C選項“治療飲食睡眠不規(guī)律的醫(yī)生”;D選項“在寫關(guān)于飲食不規(guī)律論文的大學(xué)生”文章沒有提及。A選項“研究男性暴飲暴食相關(guān)影響的專家”,作者是治療厭食癥的醫(yī)生,所以A選項錯誤。

第2題:事實細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干定位到OnebigproblemwasthatwhilePerrywasastrongachiever,hewasnotatallahappyone.(有一個問題就是雖然佩里是一個贏家獲得了很多成就,但他一點也不快樂。)最后一段第二句…h(huán)isparentsinadvertentlyincreasedhismentalstrain.(他的父母無意中增加了他的精神負(fù)擔(dān)。)所以這題選A選項“一個不開心的贏家和來自父母的精神壓力”。B選項“他對待學(xué)校的消極態(tài)度以及浪費時間和金錢的感覺”和D選項“延誤濫用和家庭矛盾”文章沒有提及;C選項“憤怒和愧疚”這個是佩里的兩種情緒并不是佩里的問題所在。

第3題:主旨大意題。A選項“分析為什么一個年輕人有進(jìn)食障礙”。B選項“比較讓一個年輕人的特殊情況與那些普通年輕人的特殊情況相比較”;C選項“把情緒反應(yīng)和進(jìn)食障礙帶來的沖擊聯(lián)系起來”D選項“解釋為什么今天的年輕人經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)進(jìn)食障礙”。整篇文章都在分析佩里的癥狀出現(xiàn)的原因并沒有和其他年輕人做比較,所以答案選A。

第4題:詞匯推斷題。A選項“漸漸地”;B選項“遞增地”;C選項“錯誤地”;D選項“偷偷地,秘密地”。定位到最后一段第一句話Perrywaswell-lovedbyhisparents(佩里被自己的父母深切地?zé)釔壑┖妥詈笠欢味湓挕環(huán)isparentsinadvertentlyincreasedhismentalstrain.(他的父母無意中增加了他的精神負(fù)擔(dān)),從這里可知,佩里的父母是愛自己的孩子的,不會故意在佩里狀態(tài)已經(jīng)很不好的時候來增加佩里的負(fù)擔(dān),所以答案應(yīng)該選C。

10.單選題

)Isympathize,Ican’treallydoverymuchtohelpthemoutofthedifficulties.

問題1選項

A.Aslongas

B.As

C.While

D.Even

【答案】C

【解析】考查連詞。A選項Aslongas“只要”;B選項As“只要,隨著”;C選項While“盡管”;D選項Even“甚至,即使”。()我同情,我對他們脫困幫助不了太多。這里兩個句子是轉(zhuǎn)折讓步的關(guān)系,所以答案A排除,as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語的時候要用部分倒裝,所以答案B排除;D選項是副詞不能連接兩個句子,所以答案D排除;所以答案選C選項。

11.單選題

________sixpercentofordinaryhomesweredamagedintheearthquake,onlythreepercentofmobilehomeswereaffected.

問題1選項

A.How

B.While

C.Although

D.When

【答案】B

【解析】考查狀語從句。句意:()地震中百分之六的普通房子被摧毀了,只有百分之三的移動房受到了影響。根據(jù)句意,這里從句選時間狀語引導(dǎo)詞,A選項引導(dǎo)方式狀語,C選項引導(dǎo)讓步狀語,所以排除。然后根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞only,表明這兩個句子不單單是表明兩件事同時發(fā)生,還會有一種轉(zhuǎn)折的意思在,所以D選項排除,答案選B。

12.不定項選擇題

Someaccepttheirfate.Otherstrytoreasonwiththepoliceofficerwhohaspulledthemoverforsomerealorimaginedtrafficoffense.Butwhenlawenforcementisrepresentedbyacomputer-drivencamerathathasimmortalizedyourviolationonfilm—asisthecaseathundredsofintersectionsinmorethan100citiesaroundtheU.S.—it’shardtotalkyourwayoutofaheavyfine.Yetthatispreciselywhatsome300motoristsinSanDiegosucceededindoinglastweekwhenasuperiorcourtjudgerulesthatpicturestakenbytheso-calledred-lightcameraswereunreliableandthereforeunacceptable.

ThefirstU.S.Courtdecisiontorejectallthetrafficviolationscaughtoncameras;therulingbyJudgeRonaldStynhasfueleddebateoverthegrowinguseofthedevices.Policedepartmentsswear,andstudiesindicate,thattherobotcamerasdeterpeoplefromspeedingandrunningredlights.ALouHarrispollsetforreleasethisweekfindsthat69%ofAmericanssupporttheiruse.Yetatleastsevenstateshaveblockedproposalstoimplementthem,andopponents—rangingfromHousemajorityleaderDickArmeytotheAmericanCivilLibertiesUnion—arguethatthecamerasviolateprivacyandplaceprofitabovepublicsafety.

Partoftheproblemisthatvirtuallyallthedevicesinplaceareoperatedbyprivatefirmsthathandleeverythingfrominstallingthemachinerytoidentifyingviolations—oftenwithminimalpoliceoversight—andhaveanincentivetopullinasmanydriversastheycan.Thecompaniesgetpaidasmuchas$70aticket,andthetotalrevenueishardlychumpchange.SanDiegohasgotin$15.9millionlastyearandWashington$12.8million.“It’sallaboutmoney,”saysCongressmanBobBarr,aleadingcritic.Notso,insistsTerranceGainer,Washington’sexecutiveassistantchiefofpolice.“Wehavereducedfatalities.IfsomecompanyismakingmoneyoffthatthatisAmericanway.”

Criticscounterthattheremustbeother,lessintrusivewaystomakeintersectionssafer,suchaslengtheningtheyellowlightandaddingturnlanes.“Iobjecttothisfixationwehavewithcamerasandelectronicallygatheredinformation,”saysBan.“Itplacestoomuchconfidenceintechnology.”Thatconfidence,asWashingtonresidentshavelearned,canbemisplaced.ThecityremovedonecameralastMaythathadgeneratedmorethan19,000ticketsataparticularlyconfusingintersection.InSanDiego,faultysensorsmadedriversappeartobegoingfasterthantheyreallywere.ThecitysuspendedthesysteminJuly.

Anotherconcernisprivacy.WhilesystemsinWashington,MarylandandNorthCarolinaphotographnothingbuttherearofthecar,othersinArizona,CaliforniaandColoradotakeapictureofthedriver’sseataswell—abitofelectronicmonitoringthatcouldlandstrayingspousesintroublealotmoreseriousthanatrafficviolation.

InEurope,whererobotcamerasaredeployedbythethousandsandareevenlesspopularthantheyarehere,resentfuldrivershavestartedtotakemattersintotheirownhands,seekingouthiddencamerasandknockingthemoverwiththeircars.

1.Itismainlyindicatedinthefirstparagraphthat________.

2.Thecourtdecisionlastweek________.

3.Opponents’argumentsagainstcamerasincludeallthefollowingEXCEPT________.

4.Policedepartmentbelievesthat________.

5.Thephrase“chumpchange”inthethirdparagraphisclosestinmeaningto________.

6.Accordingtothepassage,BobBarr________.

7.Thewriter’sattitudetowardsrobotcamerascanbebestexpressedas________.

8.SomedriversinEuropeancountries________.

問題1選項

A.mostpeoplerespondintensivelywhencaughtintrafficoffense

B.motoristscanbewronglyaccusedbypoliceofficers

C.speederscannotdefendthemselvesbeforered-lightcameras

D.computer-drivencamerassometimesdotelllies

問題2選項

A.triggeredadisputeovertheuseofrobotcameras

B.excusedfewcamera-caughtviolatorsfrompunishment

C.foundfewerred-lightcamerasupportersinAmerica

D.deterredsomestatesfromimplementingcameradevices

問題3選項

A.theyintrudeintopeople’sprivacy

B.theygiveprioritytothepursuitofprofit

C.theyareoperatedbyprivatefirms

D.theyareunderthesupervisionofpolice

問題4選項

A.robotcamerasshouldnotbeoperatedbyprivatefirms

B.robotcamerasareeffectiveinmaintainingtrafficorder

C.speedingisthemajorcauseoftrafficfatalities

D.companiesoperatingcamerasshouldnotpursuemoney

問題5選項

A.trivial

B.moderate

C.enormous

D.indefinite

問題6選項

A.isthemajorityleaderintheHouseofRepresentatives

B.isstronglyagainsttheAmericanwayofmakingmoney

C.lacksconfidenceinmoderntechnology

D.doubtstheauthenticityofelectronicallygatheredinformation

問題7選項

A.positive

B.negative

C.indifferent

D.uncertain

問題8選項

A.stronglysupportedtheuseofred-lightcameras

B.destroythousandsoftherobotcameras

C.taketheinitiativeintheuseofrobotcameras

D.takedrasticmeasureswithrobotcameras

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:A

第6題:B

第7題:D

第8題:D

【解析】第1題:推理判斷題。題干提到第一段話暗示什么。文章第一段第一句話說Someaccepttheirfate.(一些人接受了命運(被抓到真實的或者虛假的交通違規(guī)要罰款的命運)),根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞some可知,A選項“大部分人被抓到交通違規(guī)之后反應(yīng)很強(qiáng)烈”錯誤;B選項“摩托車司機(jī)可能會被警察錯誤地指控了”文中沒有提及;C選項“超速者在被紅燈攝像頭抓到后不能為自己辯護(hù)”錯誤,第一段這個例子就是說300名駕車者在被紅燈攝像頭抓到違規(guī),起訴交警部門后勝訴了,所以說超速者是可以為自己辯護(hù)的;第一段最后一句話…picturestakenbytheso-calledred-lightcameraswereunreliableandthereforeunacceptable(……所謂的“紅燈攝像頭”拍攝的照片不可靠,因此不可接受),這就是說D選項“紅路燈會說謊”正確。

第2題:推理判斷題。句意指法院的決定產(chǎn)生了什么樣的影響。我們定位到第二段第一句話…therulingbyJudgeRonaldStynhasfueleddebateoverthegrowinguseofthedevices.(法官RonaldStyn這項決定更加激發(fā)了關(guān)于增加使用該設(shè)備的決定),從fueled這個詞可知并不是這項判決引起的討論,而是討論本身就存在,判決加重了討論,A選項“引發(fā)了關(guān)于是否使用攝像頭的討論”錯誤;B選項“判決赦免了少部分闖紅燈被抓者的處罰”;C選項“判決發(fā)現(xiàn)支持紅燈攝像頭的人更少”,這兩項文中都沒有提及;定位到第二段第三句話ALouHarrispollsetforreleasethisweekfindsthat69%ofAmericanssupporttheiruse.Yetatleastsevenstateshaveblockedproposalstoimplementthem(LouHarris將于本周發(fā)布的民意調(diào)查顯示,69%的美國人支持使用該設(shè)備。但是,至少有7個州打回了關(guān)于安裝這些設(shè)備的提案),所以D選項“阻止了一些州安裝攝像頭”正確。

第3題:事實細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“Opponents”(反對者),我們定位到文章第二段倒數(shù)第三行opponents…arguethatthecamerasviolateprivacyandplaceprofitabovepublicsafety.(反對者……認(rèn)為這些攝像頭侵犯了隱私,而且把盈利置于公共安全之上),所以A、B可以排除;再定位到第三段第一句Partoftheproblemisthatvirtuallyallthedevicesinplaceareoperatedbyprivatefirmsthathandleeverythingfrominstallingthemachinerytoidentifyingviolations—oftenwithminimalpoliceoversight—andhaveanincentivetopullinasmanydriversastheycan.(部分問題在于,幾乎所有的設(shè)備都是由私人公司操作的,他們負(fù)責(zé)從安裝機(jī)器到識別違規(guī)行為的所有事情——通常是在最少的警察監(jiān)督下——并有盡可能多地吸引司機(jī)的動機(jī)。),這里可知C選項“攝像頭確實是私人公司安裝的”排除;從關(guān)鍵詞minimal可知D選項“攝像頭是在警察的監(jiān)控之下的”是錯誤的,所以答案選D。

第4題:事實細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞policedepartmentbelieves我們定位到文章第二段第二句:Policedepartmentsswear,andstudiesindicate,thattherobotcamerasdeterpeoplefromspeedingandrunningredlights.(警察部門發(fā)誓,研究表明,機(jī)器人攝像頭可以阻止人們超速和闖紅燈。)第三段最后兩句話Notso,insistsTerranceGainer,Washington’sexecutiveassistantchiefofpolice.“Wehavereducedfatalities.”(但事實并非如此,華盛頓警察局執(zhí)行助理局長特倫斯?蓋納(TerranceGainer)堅持認(rèn)為。“我們減少了死亡人數(shù)?!保┻@兩句可以看出交警部門認(rèn)為攝像頭維持了交通秩序,所以選B選項“攝像頭有效地維持了交通秩序”。A選項“攝像頭不應(yīng)該由私人公司運營”,D選項“公司運營攝像頭的目的不應(yīng)該賺錢”,這兩個都不是交警部門的看法,C選項“超速是交通致死事故的主要原因”,文章沒有提及。

第5題:詞匯推斷題。A選項“細(xì)微的”;B選項“普遍的”;C選項“巨大的”D選項“無限的”。根據(jù)題干定位到“chumpchange”所在的句子,即第三段第二句話“Thecompaniesgetpaidasmuchas$70aticket,andthetotalrevenueishardlychumpchange.(該公司每張罰單能夠收到多達(dá)70美元的罰款,因而該公司總收入相當(dāng)可觀)”,我們根據(jù)后面的第三段三四句SanDiegohasgotin$15.9millionlastyearandWashington$12.8million.“It’sallaboutmoney,”saysCongressmanBobBarr,aleadingcritic.(圣地亞哥去年入賬1590萬美元,華盛頓入賬1280萬美元?!斑@一切都是關(guān)于錢,”國會議員鮑勃?巴爾如是說,他是主要的批評者。),從這句可以看出,華盛頓和圣地亞哥收到的交通罰款數(shù)量巨大,不然不會受到來自國會議員的批評。由此推測,答案選A。

第6題:判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干中的人名定位到文中提到該人物的地方,即第三段第四句“It’sallaboutmoney”,saysCongressmanBobBarr,aleadingcritic.(“這一切都是關(guān)于錢”國會議員鮑勃?巴爾如是說,他是主要的批評者。)所以選B選項“鮑勃?巴爾強(qiáng)烈反對美國特殊賺錢方式”。A選項“鮑勃?巴爾是眾議院的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者”不符合文意,鮑勃?巴爾是安裝攝像頭的主要的反對者但是不是眾議院的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者,排除A;C選項“鮑勃?巴爾對技術(shù)是否充滿信心”,文中沒有提及,排除;D選項“質(zhì)疑電子收集信息的權(quán)威性”文中也沒有提及。

第7題:觀點態(tài)度題。A選項“積極”;B選項“消極”;C選項“漠不關(guān)心”;D選項“不確定”。整篇文章作者只是比較客觀地描述了一些現(xiàn)象,文章中沒有明顯的句子或者詞語表現(xiàn)出作者的態(tài)度,所以對于作者的態(tài)度我們是不明確的,答案選D。

第8題:事實細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干的關(guān)鍵詞“driversinEuropeancountries”,我們定位到最后一段“InEurope,whererobotcamerasaredeployedbythethousandsandareevenlesspopularthantheyarehere,resentfuldrivershavestartedtotakemattersintotheirownhands,seekingouthiddencamerasandknockingthemoverwiththeircars.(在歐洲,部署了數(shù)以千計的攝像頭并且這些攝像頭甚至比在這里(美國)更不受歡迎,心懷不滿的司機(jī)們已經(jīng)開始采取行動,尋找隱藏的攝像頭,并用汽車撞倒它們。)”,由此答案選D選項“采用極端的手段對付攝像頭”,從最后一段可以看出,歐洲司機(jī)也不支持?jǐn)z像頭的安裝,所以A選項“支持?jǐn)z像頭的安裝”錯誤;B選項“數(shù)以千計的攝像頭被毀壞”,數(shù)以千計的攝像頭是總數(shù)而不是被毀壞的數(shù)量,所以不選;C選項“歐洲首先使用攝像頭”文章沒有提及,所以排除。

13.翻譯題

靜下來想想,我這樣一個出身貧寒、經(jīng)歷坎坷的人,居然能活到92歲,實在有點奇怪。過了80歲,經(jīng)常有人問我,有什么養(yǎng)生之道。我不僅不懂得養(yǎng)生,而且還有一些不好的習(xí)慣。

我性急圖快,走路快,下筆快,吃飯更快,簡直是狼吞虎咽,因此,得了胃病。醫(yī)生治好了我的病,但沒有治好我的習(xí)慣。

【答案】WhenIthinkaboutit,it’salittlestrangethatsomeonewhocamefromsuchapoorbackgroundandhasbeenthroughsomanyhardshipsshouldhavelivedtobe92.WhenIwas80yearsold,Iwasoftenaskedforadviceonhowtokeepfit.Inotonlydon’tknowhowtokeepingoodhealth,butalsohavesomebadhabits.

Iwasquicktowalk,quicktowrite,evenfastertoeat,justwolfeddown,soIgotstomachtrouble.Thedoctorcuredmeofthedisease,butnotofmyhabit.

14.翻譯題

1.TheCenterforMediaResearchrecentlyreleasedareportaboutblogs.Itsaysallstudiesagreethatblogsareprevalentaroundtheworld.

2.Onestudyfoundthatmorethanonehundredeightymillionpeoplearoundtheworldhavestartedablog.Andmorethanthreehundredfortymillionpeoplearoundtheworldreadblogs.Anotherstudyfoundbloggersinsixty-sixcountriesonsixcontinents.Itfoundblogsineighty-onelanguages.

3.Peopleinmanyprofessions,includingtheentertainmentindustryandnewsorganizations'arewritingblogs.VOAwritersareamongthem.AlexBelindaisthechiefwriteroftheVOAnewsblog.4.HediscussesissuesoffreedomofthepressandVOAprogramming.Healsoanswersquestions,commentsandcriticismfromthepublic.

5.Onarecentblog,MisterBelinda(貝林達(dá))wroteaboutVOA’srulesdemandingaccuracyandobjectivity.HewrotethatVOArulesstatethatVOAreporters“donotspeakfortheUnitedStatesgovernment.”HealsowrotethattheideathatanygovernmentagencycantellVOAwhattosayisfalse.

【答案】1.媒體研究中心最近發(fā)布了一份關(guān)于博客的報告。它說,所有的研究都認(rèn)為博客在世界各地都很流行。

2.一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn),全世界有超過1.8億人開始寫博客。全世界有超過3.4億人閱讀博客。

3.許多行業(yè)的人,包括娛樂業(yè)和新聞機(jī)構(gòu)的人都在寫博客。美國之音記者也在其中。

4.他討論了新聞自由和VOA節(jié)目的問題。他還回答公眾的問題、評論和批評。

5.在最近的一篇博客中,貝琳達(dá)先生提到了美國之音要求準(zhǔn)確性和客觀性的規(guī)定。他寫道,VOA規(guī)則規(guī)定,美國之音記者“不代表美國政府發(fā)言”。

15.單選題

Thedictatorreliedonabuseofhisopponents(

)onsoundreasoning.

問題1選項

A.morethan

B.ratherthan

C.otherthan

D.betterthan

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項“不只是”;B選項“而不是”;C選項“除了,不同于”;D選項“超過”。句意:獨裁者依靠殘害對手()有力的證據(jù)。兩個并列成分之間有個對比,所以答案應(yīng)該選B。

16.翻譯題

剽竊包括但不限于以下形式:為了完成學(xué)業(yè)所需要的論文,全部或部分抄襲他人的文章,不提原作者的名字;不經(jīng)消化,也不顧是否符合自己的語言和風(fēng)格,生搬硬套引用他人著作中的思想,同樣是不提出處;巧妙地改寫他人著作的某個章節(jié),誤導(dǎo)讀者,偽裝成自己的作品;未經(jīng)任課老師同意,將同一篇論文用于多門課程;未經(jīng)同意或授權(quán),獲取或使用同伴或他人的實際數(shù)據(jù);更有甚者,為了驗證所期待的實際結(jié)果,偽造或篡改實際數(shù)據(jù)。

【答案】Plagiarismincludesbutisnotlimitedtothefollowingforms:inordertofinishingtheacademic-neededpaper,inpartorinwholecopingothersthesiswithoutmentioningtheauthor’sname;regardlessofthelanguageandstyle,mechanicallycitingtheideaofotherpeople’spapersnotreferringtothesource;cleverlyadaptingthechapterofother’swritingtopassitastheirownanddeceivereaders;usingthesamepaperformorethanonecoursewithouttheadmissionoftheteacher;withoutconsentorauthorizing,acquiringorusingthecompanionother’sfactualdate;moreover,forgingortemperingthedatetoverifyingtheexpectedresult.

17.不定項選擇題

Followingahealthymealplanisanessentialwaytogetmore_1_.Whateverplanyouchoose,be_2_toincludeavarietyof_3_foodsandavoidskippingmeals.Youwouldn’texpecttogetthe_4_performanceoutofyourcarifyoufilled_5_withlowgradefuel,orifyoudidn’tputanyfuelinitatall._6_yourbodyatleast_7_youtreatyourcar.

And,speakingofeating,beparticularlycarefulabout_8_foodsyouchoosetosnackonduringtheday.Whenyoustarttofeeltired,yourfirst_9_mightbetoheadtothenearestvendingmachine_10_abagofchipsoracandybar._11_thesefoodsmaygiveyouaquickfixofenergy,theywillsoon_12_youfeelingmoretiredthanyouwerebefore.Limityourintakeof_13_snacks,oreliminatethemfromyourdietaltogether._14_wastingyourchangeonvendingmachinefood,_15_packsomehealthysnacks_16_appleslicesorcarrotsticks?

Asforbeverages,therearehealthier_17_tocoffee,sugarysodaandthehighly-caffeinated“energy”drinks.Nexttimeyouhavetheurgetopouryourselfyet_18_mugofcoffee,trysomegreenteainstead(_19_haslesscaffeine).And,ifyouarelookingforanyaddedboost,youmightconsider_20_oneofthehealthiervarietiesof“energydrinks”onthemarket.

問題1選項

A.energy

B.right

C.strength

D.power

問題2選項

A.patient

B.certain

C.careful

D.sure

問題3選項

A.necessary

B.healthy

C.specific

D.available

問題4選項

A.hopeful

B.most

C.maximum

D.essential

問題5選項

A.one

B.up

C.out

D.it

問題6選項

A.Treat

B.Face

C.Buildup

D.Copewith

問題7選項

A.asniceas

B.asfaras

C.aswellas

D.asgoodas

問題8選項

A.that

B.what

C.any

D.whichever

問題9選項

A.method

B.instinct

C.conclusion

D.suggestion

問題10選項

A.in

B.over

C.for

D.about

問題11選項

A.As

B.Since

C.And

D.Though

問題12選項

A.leave

B.take

C.allow

D.give

問題13選項

A.processing

B.processed

C.preparing

D.prepared

問題14選項

A.Otherthan

B.Exceptfor

C.Inviewof

D.Insteadof

問題15選項

A.howto

B.maybe

C.whynot

D.donot

問題16選項

A.like

B.for

C.to

D.as

問題17選項

A.ones

B.categories

C.alternatives

D.opti

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